CN218157431U - Optical sensing equipment for detecting particles in high-temperature and high-pressure environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses optical sensing equipment for detecting granule in high temperature high pressure environment relates to the aerosol and detects and monitor technical field, can promote the detectability to the minimum particle diameter of receiving the granule a little. The utility model provides a narrower optical detection area in the optical detection system, so that the particles in the gas can pass through the detection area by single particles or smaller particle micelles, and the detection precision of the system can be improved; incident light is enabled to be emitted into the detection area in a parallel mode through light path shaping, and the influence of the refractive index caused by high temperature and high pressure is effectively avoided; in addition, the receiving angle of scattered light is enlarged by adding the curved surface reflector in the detection area, so that the received scattered light intensity is enhanced, the accuracy of an output signal is improved, and the detection capability of the minimum particle size of the micro-nano particles is improved.

Description

Optical sensing equipment for detecting particles in high-temperature and high-pressure environment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an aerosol detects and monitors technical field, especially relates to an optical sensing equipment for detecting granule in high temperature high pressure environment.

Background

At present, in the production process of chemical industry which takes coal as main energy, gas in a process pipeline is always in a high-temperature and high-pressure working condition, and the temperature and the pressure range are respectively 100-1500 ℃ and 1-10 MPa. High temperature and high pressure gas with the temperature of 400-950 ℃ and the pressure of 2-3 MPa is generated in the process of two advanced combustion cycles, such as coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and pressurized fluidized bed combustion combined cycle (PFBC). In these conditions, the high temperature and high pressure gas contains a large amount of particulate impurities due to the pyrolysis process. In order to control the content of particles in the high-pressure high-temperature gas, a dust removal purification system is required to be arranged in the process pipeline. The optical particle counter adopts a common optical lens group and a non-temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant structural design, so the application condition and the field of the optical particle counter are greatly limited, for example, a light beam in an optical system of the active optical particle counter is a Gaussian light beam and shows the characteristic of uneven light energy distribution, so that parameter measurement errors such as particle counting and particle size can be easily generated in measurement, and the precision of the optical sensor is directly influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An embodiment of the utility model provides an optical sensing equipment for detecting the granule in high temperature high pressure environment can promote the detectability to the minimum particle diameter of receiving the granule a little.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a substrate, an incident light path system and a scattering light path system;

the incident light path system is used for receiving light rays emitted by the light source (1), wherein in the incident light path system, the light rays emitted by the light source (1) sequentially pass through the light beam shaper (2), the first diaphragm (3), the converging lens group (4), the second diaphragm (5) and the beam expanding lens group (6) and are incident into the scattering light path system;

in the scattering optical path system, comprising: the device comprises a multi-reflection light path system (7), a particle guide pipe (8), a convex-concave lens group (10), a third diaphragm (11) and a scattered light converging lens group (12), wherein light rays finally enter a receiver (13) through the scattered light path system;

a light through hole is formed in the base body, and the light through hole is aligned with an incident light path;

the particle guide pipe (8) is fixed on the matrix, wherein a through hole C is formed in the matrix, and the particle guide pipe (8) penetrates through the through hole C and is fixed;

the light trap (9) is embedded at the right side D of the particle conduit (8).

The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical sensing equipment for detecting granule in high temperature high pressure environment, incident light route system and scattering light route system through rational design and optimization can provide a narrower optical detection region, make granule in the gas can pass through detection region with single granule or less particle micelle, can improve the detection precision of system, and still realized that the incident light jets into detection region with parallel mode, the effectual influence of having avoided because the produced refracting index of high temperature high pressure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the installation details of a particle guide tube, wherein (a) is a flange-fixed particle guide tube installation diagram, and (b) is a bracket-fixed particle guide tube installation diagram;

fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a scattering optical path embodied in an optical system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a particle guide tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an overall structural view of the particle duct provided by the embodiment of the present invention, wherein, (a) is a bracket-fixed particle duct; (b) a flange-mounted particle conduit;

fig. 5 is an overall structure diagram of a particle optical detection sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the package of the optical sensing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the package of the particle detection, (b) is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bracket-fixed particle conduit, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the package of the particle detection;

the device comprises a light source-1, a light beam shaper-2, a first diaphragm-3, a converging lens group-4, a second diaphragm-5, a beam expanding lens group-6, a multi-reflection light path system-7, a plane mirror-7-1, a spherical mirror-7-2, an off-axis parabolic mirror-7-3, a particle guide-8, a light trap-9, a convex-concave lens group-10, a third diaphragm-11, a converging lens group-12, a scattered light receiver-13, a metal tube fixing support-14, a welding flange-15, a first optical fiber coupler-16 and a second optical fiber coupler-17.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical sensing equipment for detecting the granule in high temperature high pressure environment can utilize the optics to detect the granule, mainly through optical system and granule pipe two parts. The light emitted by the light source is shaped and then is emitted into the optical measuring body in parallel along the horizontal direction. In an optical measuring body, a sample to be tested is introduced from a particle guide pipe and interacts with an incident beam to generate a scattering phenomenon, and the scattering phenomenon is used for measuring parameters such as particle size, number and concentration of particles by collecting scattered light of a single particle in a certain range. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the method comprises the following steps:

the device comprises a substrate, an incident light path system and a scattering light path system;

the incident light path system is used for receiving light rays emitted by the light source (1), wherein in the incident light path system, the light rays emitted by the light source (1) sequentially pass through the light beam shaper (2), the first diaphragm (3), the converging lens group (4), the second diaphragm (5) and the beam expanding lens group (6) and are incident into the scattering light path system; the beam expanding lens group (6) mainly has the functions of expanding the diameter of laser and reducing the divergence angle.

In the scattering optical path system, comprising: the device comprises a multi-reflection optical path system (7), a particle guide pipe (8), a convex-concave lens group (10), a third diaphragm (11) and a scattered light converging lens group (12), wherein light rays finally enter a receiver (13) through the scattered light path system; the optical system comprises a beam shaper (2), a first diaphragm (3), a second diaphragm (5), a third diaphragm (11), a converging lens group (4), a beam expanding lens group (6), a multi-reflection optical path system (7), a convex-concave lens group (10) and a scattered light converging lens group (12), and the incident optical path system and the scattered light path system are coaxially packaged in the respective directions.

A light through hole is formed in the base body, and the light through hole is aligned with an incident light path; for example, as shown in fig. 6, the light passing hole is a hole for fixing the optical element and passing the light path inside the metal base.

The particle guide pipe (8) is fixed on the matrix, wherein a through hole C is formed in the matrix, and the particle guide pipe (8) penetrates through the through hole C and is fixed; for example, as shown in fig. 6b, the through hole c is a through hole through which the particle guide tube passes, and the particle guide tube may be fixed. Generally, the metal base may be a hexahedral metal block (or a non-metal material may be used), and the through-hole C is near one corner of the metal base.

The light trap (9) is embedded at the right side D of the particle guide pipe (8); the light trap is embedded at the right side of the particle guide tube and reflects unscattered light beams emitted from a window at the right side of the particle guide tube to the outside of the optical system. Thus, the interference of the light pulse by the redundant light beam is avoided. Such as at the right side D as shown in fig. 6 c.

The optical fiber connector comprises a base body and is characterized in that a signal input port A and a signal output port B are further arranged on the base body, a first optical fiber coupler (16) is installed at the signal input port A, the first optical fiber coupler (16) is connected with a light source (1), a second optical fiber coupler (17) is installed at the signal output port B, and the second optical fiber coupler (17) is connected with a receiver (13). As shown in fig. 6a, the signal input port a and the signal output port B couple the light source (1) and the receiver (13) with the first fiber coupler (16) and the second fiber coupler (17), respectively.

The optical fiber coupler is a device for detachably connecting an optical fiber and an optical fiber, and the coupling means that two end faces of the optical fiber are precisely butted by using the optical fiber coupler so as to ensure that light energy output by the transmitting optical fiber can be coupled into the receiving optical fiber to the maximum extent.

The signal input port A and the signal output port B respectively couple the light source 1 and the receiver 13 by a first optical fiber coupler 16 and a second optical fiber coupler 17. For example: as shown in fig. 6a, the signal input port a and the signal output port B can be coupled to the light source and the receiver by using adapters, and the substrate, if made of metal, can be manufactured by injection molding.

In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1a, a particle guide pipe (8) is fixed at a through hole C of the substrate through a welding flange (15); the particle duct (8) is directly connected to a gas transport duct for transporting a gas containing particles. Alternatively, the particle guide tube (8) can be fixed at the through hole C of the substrate by a metal tube fixing bracket (14) in a manner shown in FIG. 1 b; the particle conduit (8) is connected with a gas flow conduit which is connected into a gas transmission pipeline and is used for conveying gas containing particles in the gas transmission pipeline into the particle conduit (8). On one hand, the particle guide pipe can be fixed on the substrate by using the metal pipe fixing bracket, and the detected gas is introduced by connecting the metal pipe fixing bracket with the airflow guide pipe to detect the particles. On the other hand, the double-flange fixing structure can be directly connected with a gas transmission pipeline to carry out on-line monitoring on the concentration of the particulate matters. When the particle guide tube (8) is fixed, the light through hole is aligned with the light path, and partial light beams are prevented from being blocked to reduce the scattered light intensity.

In this embodiment, the light emitted from the light source (1) passes through the beam shaper (2) and then enters the optical measurement body in parallel along the horizontal direction, and the optical measurement body includes: the part where the incident light and the measured gas with the particulate matter are overlapped; the sample to be tested is introduced into the particle duct (8) and introduced into the optical measuring body through the particle duct (8). Wherein the first diaphragm (3) is positioned at the object distance of the converging lens group (4).

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the light beam passing through the light beam shaper (2) has a certain divergence angle, and the spot radius of the emergent light beam cannot meet the width requirement of the optical measurement body, so a stop is added to the emergent light beam for limitation, and the light beam is converged by placing a light converging lens group (4) behind a first stop (3).

After the light path is converged by the converging lens group (4), incident light still has a small divergence angle, if parallel light is required to be obtained, a beam expanding lens group (6) is required to be arranged to expand the converged light beam, so that emergent light rays are parallel light, but because the width of an optical measurement body is required to be 50-100 micrometers, a second diaphragm is arranged at the focal point of the collimating lens group to adjust the size of an incident light spot.

The wavelength range of the light emitted by the light source (1) is 780-1100 nm. The components of a multi-reflection optical path system (7) in the scattering optical path system comprise: the plane mirror comprises two groups of plane mirrors (7-1), a spherical mirror (7-2), two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) and a light trap (9), wherein the spherical mirror (7-2) and the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) form a curved mirror; wherein, the spherical reflector (7-2), the plane reflector (7-1) and the off-axis parabolic mirror (7-3) can adopt prisms. The top point of the spherical reflector (7-2) is arranged right above the optical measuring body, and the central positions of the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) are symmetrically arranged at 30 degrees and 30 degrees so as to facilitate the focus of the curved mirror to coincide with the optical measuring body; the two groups of plane reflectors (7-1) are symmetrically arranged, and the installation angles are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively. Wherein, the distance between the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) is larger than D,

wherein f represents the distance from the vertex of the spherical reflector (7-2) to the optical measuring body,

the central angle of the spherical mirror (7-2) is shown.

For example, the scattering optical path system designed in this embodiment is composed of a multiple reflection optical path system and a scattering light receiving system. The incident beam enters the optical measuring body, passes through the scattering optical path and then is transmitted to the receiver for receiving. The scattered light is of a small intensity, which may cause the pulse signal generated by the smallest particles to be less than the detection threshold, resulting in the detection particles being ignored, thereby affecting the resolution of the system. A diffuse light reflection system is added to concentrate more diffuse light to enhance the intensity of the light collected by the receiver. In a scattered light reflection system, scattered light in a multi-angle range is collected through a multi-reflection optical path. As shown in FIG. 2, the multi-reflection optical path system mainly comprises a plane mirror (7-1), a spherical mirror (7-2), an off-axis parabolic mirror (7-3) and an optical trap (9). The spherical reflector (7-2) and the off-axis parabolic mirror (7-3) form a curved mirror. Or, the spherical reflector (7-2), the plane reflector (7-1) and the off-axis parabolic mirror (7-3) can adopt prisms. The vertex of the spherical reflector (7-2) is arranged right above the optical measuring body, the central positions of the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) are symmetrically arranged at 30 degrees and-30 degrees, wherein the distance between the off-axis reflectors is larger than D in order to avoid blocking a light path, so that the off-axis reflectors are symmetrically arranged at 30 degrees and-30 degrees. And the focus of the curved mirror (the general name of the off-axis parabolic mirror and the spherical mirror) is superposed with the optical measuring body, so that the scattered light is converted into parallel light after being reflected by the curved mirror, and the light path is conveniently converged by the scattered light converging lens group (12). However, since the direction of the scattered light passing through the rear of the off-axis parabolic mirror is opposite to that of the converging lens group, the two groups of plane reflectors (7-1) are used for changing the direction of a light path reflected by the off-axis parabolic mirror (7-3), so that all the reflected scattered light is collected by a receiver (13) to generate a pulse signal after being focused, wherein the diameter of the scattered light can be reduced by the convex-concave lens group, the stray light is filtered by the third diaphragm, and finally the light is converged by the scattered light converging lens group. The light trap (9) reflects the unscattered light beam to the outside of the optical system. Thus, the interference of the light pulse by the redundant light beam is avoided. Two groups of plane reflectors (7-1) are symmetrically arranged with the installation angles of 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively

In the design, the diameter of a light beam after scattered light passes through the double-reflection light path is larger, and the diameter of the light beam is reduced by utilizing two convex-concave lens groups with different focal lengths and enabling the focal points of the two convex-concave lens groups to coincide. In addition, the diameter of the light beam is reduced, and stray light with certain intensity still exists to influence the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical sensor, so that a diaphragm needs to be arranged to filter the stray light. And finally, the light path is converged by using the scattered light converging lens group. The base body can be a metal base body or a nonmetal base body, the material for manufacturing the base body needs to simultaneously meet the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient and certain strength, such as metal materials including copper, iron and the like, ceramics, glass and the like, and the 3D printing technology can be adopted in the manufacturing method of the base body. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6a, the designed optical element may be packaged inside a metal or non-metal substrate with a low thermal expansion coefficient and a certain strength according to its structure, a hole is formed on a side of the substrate, and the position of the optical element is fastened and adjusted by a screw, so that each optical element is packaged coaxially. And the optical element is sealed by using adhesives such as epoxy resin and the like, so that the air tightness of the whole cavity is ensured, and the condition that dust enters the sensor to cause the light path to be shielded by the dust is avoided.

In this embodiment, 4 glass windows have been seted up on granule pipe (8), and the glass window of two upper and lower symmetry installations is used for the scattered light to pass through, and the glass window of two left and right symmetry installations is used for the incident light to pass through, just the size of the glass window of two upper and lower symmetry installations is greater than the glass window of two left and right symmetry installations. The upper glass window and the lower glass window which are symmetrically arranged adopt special industrial transparent materials of high-temperature and high-pressure resistant high-molecular Pa plates; the left glass window and the right glass window which are symmetrically arranged adopt high polymer transparent materials;

the tube body (also called as the tube base body) of the particle tube (8) is made of iron-nickel alloy with the nickel content of 32 percent and the thermal expansion coefficient of 0.7 multiplied by 10 ^-6 m/℃。

For example, since the object to be measured is a high-temperature high-pressure gas, the gas cannot directly contact with the cavity formed by the spherical mirror (7-2), and thus a particle guide (8) is required to introduce the high-temperature high-pressure gas. The particle duct (8) consists of a glass window and a metal matrix. As shown in fig. 3, the particle duct (8) has 4 windows, the upper and lower windows allowing scattered light to pass through, and the left and right windows allowing incident light to pass through. The window and the metal matrix are sealed by graphite, so that the radial pressing force generated between the window and the matrix causes the filler to cling to the surface of the shaft, and the medium is prevented from leaking outwards. The particle duct (8) is kept at a distance from the three curved mirrors (including the spherical mirror and the two off-axis parabolic mirrors, which are also called curved mirrors because the surfaces of the three mirrors are non-planar) to ensure the angle sum of the collected scattered light, i.e. the sum of α β γ in fig. 3 is 150 °. In addition, on one hand, in order to maximize the angle of the scattered light received by the curved surface reflectors (one spherical reflector and two off-axis parabolic reflectors), the upper and lower windows of the particle guide tube (8) are larger than the left and right windows.

The large glass window is made of a special industrial transparent material of a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant high-molecular paml plate, has an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient, can still maintain the required mechanical strength under high pressure, has good dimensional stability, and ensures the light transmittance of the glass window. For a small glass window, if the pressure applied to the small glass window is smaller than the thickness of a large window, the material is wasted, the cost is increased, and the thickness of the window is too large, so that parallel light rays are translated, and the propagation direction of the light is changed. Therefore, the small window is made of polymer transparent material with lower mechanical strength to reduce the thickness of the glass window. On the other hand, the iron-nickel alloy with high strength, hardness and toughness and 32 percent of nickel content is adopted, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 0.7 multiplied by 10 ^-6 m/DEG C material is used as a catheter matrix. And the high-temperature resistant heat-insulating coating capable of retarding heat flow transfer can be further used for carrying out heat insulation treatment on the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface of the high-strength pressure-resistant substrate. For example: the ZS-1 high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating paint is 2000 ℃ resistant and is processed by specially synthesized inorganic silicate solution, aluminum silicate fiber, heat reflecting substances and selected hollow ceramic microspheres. The paint belongs to an inorganic single component, and is nontoxic and harmless. The heat conductivity coefficient of the coating is extremely low, only 0.03W/m.k, the heat insulation effect is obvious, and the inhibition efficiency can reach about 90% under the condition of a certain thickness. The whole structure of the coating is equivalent to creating a heat preservation and insulation mechanism of a thermos flask, air in a hollow ceramic microsphere cavity added in the coating cannot generate heat convection after being heated at high temperature, a three-dimensional air layer also exists among the closely arranged hollow ceramic microspheres, and the generation of the heat convection is also avoided. Inorganic film-forming substances with relatively low thermal conductivity are used as the support of the coating, and static air is jointly constructedA gas layer and a heat insulating shield layer of an inorganic film-forming material. The added heat reflection material is added as an auxiliary filler, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the coating is close to the vacuum heat conductivity coefficient, and effective heat insulation is achieved.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, a schematic view of installing a flange-fixed particle duct and a schematic view of installing a bracket-fixed particle duct are provided, on one hand, a metal pipe fixing bracket (14) is used to fix the particle duct (8) on a metal substrate, and a gas flow duct is connected to introduce a gas to be detected to perform particle detection, wherein the gas flow duct is used to introduce the gas from a gas transmission pipeline to the particle duct. On the other hand, the particle concentration on-line monitoring can be carried out by directly connecting a double-welding flange (15) fixing structure with a gas transmission pipeline. When the guide tube is fixed, the glass window is aligned with the light path, and partial light beams are prevented from being blocked to reduce the scattered light intensity. The method comprises the steps of measuring scattered light signals of single particles, converting the scattered light signals into voltage pulse signals, utilizing the amplitude and the counting of the pulse signals to realize online measurement of parameters such as particle sizes and numbers of the particles, and simultaneously combining the parameters such as the density of the particles to obtain concentration information of the particles.

In summary, the solution provided by this embodiment provides a narrower optical detection area in the optical detection system, so that the particles in the gas can pass through the detection area (shown in fig. 5) as single particles or smaller particle micelles, which can improve the detection accuracy of the system; incident light is made to be emitted into the detection area in a parallel mode through light path shaping, and the influence of the refractive index caused by high temperature and high pressure is effectively avoided; in addition, the receiving angle of scattered light is enlarged by adding a curved reflector (7-2) in the detection area, so that the received scattered light intensity is enhanced, and the reliability, stability and accuracy of an output signal are improved.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, the apparatus embodiments are substantially similar to the method embodiments and therefore are described in a relatively simple manner, and reference may be made to some of the description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. An optical sensing device for detecting particles in a high temperature and high pressure environment, comprising: the device comprises a substrate, an incident light path system and a scattering light path system;

the incident light path system is used for receiving light rays emitted by the light source (1), wherein in the incident light path system, the light rays emitted by the light source (1) sequentially pass through the light beam shaper (2), the first diaphragm (3), the converging lens group (4), the second diaphragm (5) and the beam expanding lens group (6) and are incident into the scattering light path system;

in the scattering optical path system, comprising: the device comprises a multi-reflection optical path system (7), a particle guide pipe (8), a convex-concave lens group (10), a third diaphragm (11) and a scattered light converging lens group (12), wherein light rays finally enter a receiver (13) through the scattered light path system;

a light through hole is formed in the base body, and the light through hole is aligned with an incident light path;

the particle guide pipe (8) is fixed on the matrix, wherein a through hole C is formed in the matrix, and the particle guide pipe (8) penetrates through the through hole C and is fixed;

the light trap (9) is embedded at the right side D of the particle conduit (8).

2. The optical sensing device for detecting particles in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein a particle guide tube (8) is fixed at the through hole C of the substrate by a metal tube fixing bracket (14), the particle guide tube (8) is connected with a gas flow guide tube, the gas flow guide tube is connected into a gas transmission pipeline, and the gas flow guide tube is used for conveying gas containing particles in the gas transmission pipeline into the particle guide tube (8).

3. The optical sensing device according to claim 1, wherein a particle duct (8) is fixed at the through hole C of the substrate by a welding flange (15), the particle duct (8) being directly connected to a gas transport duct for transporting gas containing particles.

4. Optical sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source (1) emits light in the wavelength range 780-1100 nm.

5. The optical sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the components of the multiple reflection optical path system (7) in the scattering optical path system comprise: the plane mirror comprises two groups of plane mirrors (7-1), a spherical mirror (7-2), two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) and a light trap (9), wherein the spherical mirror (7-2) and the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) form a curved mirror.

6. The optical sensing device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the vertex of the spherical mirror (7-2) is placed right above the optical measuring body, and the central positions of the two off-axis parabolic mirrors (7-3) are symmetrically placed at 30 ° and-30 °;

the two groups of plane reflectors (7-1) are symmetrically arranged, and the installation angles are 45 degrees and-45 degrees respectively.

7. The optical sensing device of claim 1, wherein the particle guide tube (8) is provided with 4 glass windows, the upper and lower glass windows are symmetrically arranged for scattered light to pass through, the left and right glass windows are symmetrically arranged for incident light to pass through, and the sizes of the upper and lower glass windows are larger than those of the left and right glass windows.

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