CN218155470U - Metal reduction smelting system - Google Patents
Metal reduction smelting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN218155470U CN218155470U CN202222473720.2U CN202222473720U CN218155470U CN 218155470 U CN218155470 U CN 218155470U CN 202222473720 U CN202222473720 U CN 202222473720U CN 218155470 U CN218155470 U CN 218155470U
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- blast furnace
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- waste heat
- reduction smelting
- metal reduction
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Abstract
The utility model provides a novel metal reduction smelting system, including hot-blast furnace, clarifier and waste heat recovery system, the hot-blast furnace is equipped with fuel inlet and gas inlet, be equipped with plasma gas heater between hot-blast furnace and the blast furnace, connect gradually through the pipeline between hot-blast furnace, plasma heater, blast furnace, clarifier and the waste heat recovery system, the waste heat recovery system pass through the pipeline with the fuel inlet and the gas inlet of hot-blast furnace connect respectively. The metal reduction smelting system can heat coal gas generated in the blast furnace to high temperature and circulate the coal gas back to the blast furnace to participate in reduction reaction of materials, so that the using amount of coke can be reduced, the smelting efficiency can be improved, and the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the metallurgy field especially involves a metal reduction smelting system.
Background
The reduction smelting of metals such as copper, nickel, cobalt, lead, zinc and the like is to melt and reduce and smelt in a high-temperature furnace by taking roasted products of oxidized ores or sulfide ores as raw materials and taking a carbonaceous reducing agent as a fuel. The high temperature furnace generally adopts a blast furnace, the charging materials of the blast furnace are generally blocky, coke is used as fuel, and the charging materials are added from the top of the furnace in batches to form a material column. Blowing preheated air from a lower tuyere, burning coke in the tuyere area to form a high-temperature smelting area, enabling the furnace burden to react violently, melt continuously and perform reduction smelting, enabling generated hot flue gas to rise to the top of the furnace through the furnace burden in the process of discharging, preheating the furnace burden (sintering concentrate when smelting and kneading concentrate), and performing partial smelting chemical reaction. The melt obtained by reduction smelting is clarified in a hearth, and then molten metal and slag are discharged respectively. For low boiling point metals, such as zinc, the gas is produced and recondensed to a liquid state.
The metal reduction smelting system in the prior art is specifically shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a smelting system containing lead and zinc as an example, a hot blast stove 1 heats cold air, the heated hot air enters a blast furnace 3, reduction smelting is performed in the blast furnace 3, gas coming out of the blast furnace 3 is condensed by a splash condenser 4 to recover zinc liquid and partial metal, the gas from which zinc and metal are removed is purified by a purifier 5 and the waste heat is recovered by a waste heat recovery system 6, and then the gas is totally used as fuel to enter the hot blast stove for combustion so as to heat the cold air, and the process is circulated. The existing smelting system needs to consume a large amount of coke in a blast furnace, on one hand, heat is provided for high-temperature smelting, and on the other hand, the coke is used for providing a reducing atmosphere. In addition, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated in the whole smelting process, so that the existing smelting system does not compound the carbon peaking national development strategy of China.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a novel metal reduction system of smelting, this system can heat the coal gas that produces in the blast furnace to high temperature and circulate and get back to the blast furnace in participate in the reduction reaction of material, not only can reduce the quantity of coke, can improve moreover and smelt efficiency to reduce carbon dioxide's emission.
The above technical purpose of the utility model is realized through following technical scheme: the utility model provides a metal reduction smelting system, includes hot-blast furnace, clarifier and waste heat recovery system, the hot-blast furnace is equipped with fuel inlet and gas inlet, be equipped with plasma gas heater between hot-blast furnace and the blast furnace, connect gradually through the pipeline between hot-blast furnace, plasma heater, blast furnace, clarifier and the waste heat recovery system, the waste heat recovery system pass through the pipeline with the fuel inlet and the gas inlet of hot-blast furnace connect respectively.
The furnace burden and coke are subjected to reduction smelting reaction at high temperature in a blast furnace to generate gas smoke, the gas smoke is subjected to heat exchange through a purifier and a waste heat recovery system and then returns to the temperature, part of the returned gas enters the hot blast furnace from a fuel inlet of the hot blast furnace and is combusted as fuel, part of the returned gas enters a preheating pipeline from a gas inlet of the hot blast furnace to be preheated, and the preheated gas is heated to high temperature through a plasma gas heater and then enters the blast furnace to participate in the reduction smelting reaction.
In the prior art, the coal gas flue gas generated in the blast furnace is completely used as fuel to burn after being purified and heat exchanged to preheat cold air, and the reducibility of CO in the coal gas is not fully utilized. The utility model provides a metal reduction smelting system, with only partly burning as fuel of these coal gases, another part heats get back to in the blast furnace behind the high temperature, utilizes the reductibility of CO in the coal gas to participate in the reduction smelting reaction, just can reduce the consumption of coke, adopts this system can reduce half coke quantity the highest. Because the gas used as fuel is reduced, the plasma gas heater is arranged behind the hot blast stove of the system to further heat the preheated gas. The plasma gas heater can heat gas to 3000 ℃ at most, the temperature is far higher than that of gas heated by gas combustion, the gas is heated to a higher temperature by the plasma gas heater and then enters the blast furnace to participate in reduction smelting reaction, and the smelting efficiency can be improved. And because the amount of gas as fuel is reduced, the amount of carbon dioxide generated by burning the gas is also reduced.
Further describing the above technical solution, the metal reduction melting system further comprises a splash condenser, which is located between the blast furnace and the purifier and is connected with the blast furnace and the purifier through a pipe.
The splash condenser condenses the gaseous metal escaping from the blast furnace to a liquid state. A splash condenser is necessary for smelting a feedstock containing a low boiling point metal such as zinc.
Further describing the technical scheme, a liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the splashing condenser and used for receiving the liquid metal in the splashing condenser.
In a further description of the above solution, the reservoir is made of lead.
Further to the above technical solution, the purifier comprises a ceramic filter. The ceramic filter is high temperature resistant, has high dust collection efficiency and mainly adsorbs volatile metals contained in the coal gas.
Further describing the technical scheme, the temperature of the outlet gas of the plasma gas heater is 1800-3000 ℃.
Further to the above technical solutions, the waste heat recovery system includes a heat exchanger.
Further to the above technical solution, the waste heat recovery system further includes a waste heat boiler.
Further description is made to the technical scheme, the temperature of the coal gas discharged from the waste heat recovery system is 400-500 ℃.
Further description of the above technical solution, the waste heat recovery system and the induced draft fan are arranged between the hot blast stoves, and the induced draft fan is close to the waste heat recovery system.
Further description to the above technical scheme, the plasma gas heater includes a heating cylinder and two electrodes, the heating cylinder is cylindrical with openings at two ends, refractory material is laid on the inner wall of the heating cylinder, cooling jackets are respectively arranged in the openings at two ends of the heating cylinder, the size of the cooling jacket is adapted to the size of the opening of the heating cylinder, the cooling jacket can be fixed in the opening of the heating cylinder, the two electrodes respectively penetrate through the cooling jacket and extend into the heating cylinder, the two electrodes can move back and forth relative to the heating cylinder, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the heating cylinder body, the air inlet is used for introducing gas to be heated, and the gas is discharged from the air outlet after being heated.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model provides a metal reduction smelting system utilizes the coal gas that system itself produced to participate in the reduction reaction of material, can reduce the use amount of coke.
2. The metal reduction smelting system adopts the plasma gas heater to heat the gas at a temperature higher than that of the gas heated by the coal gas, and the high-temperature gas enters the blast furnace to participate in the reduction smelting reaction, so that the smelting efficiency can be improved.
3. The metal reduction smelting system reduces the emission of carbon dioxide by using coal gas as fuel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art metal reduction smelting system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a metal reduction smelting system of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a plasma gas heater in example 1;
wherein: 1-a hot blast furnace, 2-a plasma gas heater, 3-a blast furnace, 4-a splash condenser, 5-a purifier, 6-a waste heat recovery system, 7-an induced draft fan, 8-an electrode, 9-a water-cooling copper sleeve, 10-a fire-resistant layer, 11-a heating cylinder, 12-an electromagnetic coil, 13-an air outlet and 14-an air inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
The working condition of smelting raw materials containing lead and zinc is taken as an example to further explain the smelting system provided by the utility model.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the hot blast stove 1 is provided with a fuel pipeline 9 and a preheating gas pipeline 8, coal gas is led out from the waste heat recovery system 6 through an induced draft fan 7, a small part of the coal gas enters the hot blast stove 1 through the fuel pipeline 9, meanwhile, combustion-supporting air is introduced at the fuel pipeline port to enable the coal gas to be combusted and heat the gas in the preheating pipeline, and a large part of the coal gas coming out from the waste heat recovery system 6 enters the preheating gas pipeline 8 through a circulating fan to be heated. The temperature of the gas from the waste heat recovery system 6 is 450 ℃, and the flue gas generated by combustion in the hot blast stove 1 is discharged from the top of the hot blast stove 1. The preheated gas enters a plasma gas heater 2, is heated to 1850 ℃, and then is blown into a blast furnace 3, 500 ℃ coke and calcine are put into the blast furnace from a feed inlet at the top of the blast furnace, a high-temperature smelting zone is formed in the blast furnace 3, furnace burden reacts violently, is melted continuously and is reduced and smelted, the generated gas-containing flue gas passes through the furnace burden and rises to the top of the furnace to be discharged, the furnace burden is preheated, partial smelting chemical reaction is generated, the melt obtained by reduction smelting is clarified in a furnace cylinder, and then liquid crude lead and liquid slag are discharged from the bottom of the blast furnace 3 respectively. The gas-containing flue gas from the blast furnace 3 enters a splash condenser 4, the gaseous lead and the gaseous zinc in the flue gas are condensed and discharged from the bottom of the splash condenser 4, the gas-containing flue gas from the splash condenser 4 passes through a purifier 5, the purifier in the embodiment is a ceramic filter, the purifier 5 removes a small amount of volatile metal contained in the gas, the dedusted gas is subjected to waste heat recovery through a waste heat recovery system, the temperature is reduced to 450 ℃, and then the dedusted gas passes through an induced draft fan 7 and enters the hot blast stove 1 to start the next cycle.
A valve (not shown) is arranged on the pipeline between the waste heat recovery system and the hot blast stove and is used for adjusting the proportion of the coal gas entering the fuel pipeline 9 and the preheated gas pipeline 8 according to working conditions.
As shown in fig. 3, the plasma gas heater of this embodiment includes a heating cylinder 11 and two electrodes 8, the heating cylinder 11 is a cylinder with openings at two ends, a refractory layer 10 is laid on the inner wall of the heating cylinder 11, water-cooled copper sleeves 9 are respectively disposed in the openings at two ends of the heating cylinder 11, the size of the water-cooled copper sleeve 9 is adapted to the size of the opening of the heating cylinder 11, so that the water-cooled copper sleeve 9 can be fixed in the opening of the heating cylinder 11, the two electrodes 8 respectively penetrate through the water-cooled copper sleeves 9 and extend into the heating cylinder, the two electrodes 8 can move back and forth relative to the heating cylinder 11, and an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 13 are disposed on the body of the heating cylinder 11. The two electrodes 8 are respectively electrified, then the electrodes move into the heating cylinder 11, arc striking is carried out in a contact or non-contact mode, an arc area is formed, the arc area can generate high temperature of tens of thousands of degrees at the highest, and a high-temperature field is formed in the heating cylinder 11. The gas preheated by the hot blast stove tangentially enters the heating cylinder 11 from the gas inlet 14, is heated to 1850 ℃ and is discharged from the gas outlet 13. In this embodiment, an electromagnetic coil 12 is further laid between the refractory layer 10 and the heating cylinder 11, the electromagnetic coil 12 is laid around the inner wall of the heating cylinder 11, and the electromagnetic coil 12 can stabilize an electric arc.
It is obvious that the above are only some embodiments of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have the combination and modification of the above various technical features, and those skilled in the art can replace the modifications, equivalents, or use the structure or method of the present invention in other fields to achieve the same effect without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a metal reduction smelting system, includes hot-blast furnace, clarifier and waste heat recovery system, the hot-blast furnace is equipped with fuel inlet and gas inlet, its characterized in that: the plasma gas heater is arranged between the hot blast stove and the blast furnace, the hot blast stove, the plasma heater, the blast furnace, the purifier and the waste heat recovery system are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the waste heat recovery system is respectively connected with a fuel inlet and a gas inlet of the hot blast stove through pipelines.
2. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the metal reduction smelting system further comprises a splash condenser, wherein the splash condenser is positioned between the blast furnace and the purifier and is connected with the blast furnace and the purifier through pipelines.
3. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 2, wherein: and a liquid storage tank is arranged at the bottom of the splash condenser and used for receiving the liquid metal in the splash condenser.
4. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 3, wherein: the reservoir is made of lead.
5. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the purifier includes a ceramic filter.
6. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the outlet gas temperature of the plasma gas heater is 1800-3000 ℃.
7. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the waste heat recovery system comprises a heat exchanger and a waste heat boiler.
8. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the coal gas discharged from the waste heat recovery system is 400-500 ℃.
9. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: the waste heat recovery system with be equipped with the draught fan between the hot-blast furnace, the draught fan is close to waste heat recovery system.
10. The metal reduction smelting system of claim 1, wherein: plasma gas heater includes cartridge heater and two electrodes, the cartridge heater is both ends open-ended cylindricly, lay refractory material on the inner wall of cartridge heater, be equipped with the cooling jacket in the opening at cartridge heater both ends respectively, the cooling jacket size with cartridge heater open-ended size suits, enables the cooling jacket to fix in the opening of cartridge heater, two electrodes pass respectively the cooling jacket stretches into the cartridge heater, two electrodes can for the cartridge heater back-and-forth movement, be equipped with air inlet and gas outlet on the cartridge heater stack shell, the air inlet is used for into needing heated gas, follows after the gas is heated the gas outlet is discharged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222473720.2U CN218155470U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Metal reduction smelting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222473720.2U CN218155470U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Metal reduction smelting system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN218155470U true CN218155470U (en) | 2022-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202222473720.2U Active CN218155470U (en) | 2022-09-19 | 2022-09-19 | Metal reduction smelting system |
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| CN (1) | CN218155470U (en) |
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