CN218146167U - Waste water softening equipment system for calcium ions - Google Patents

Waste water softening equipment system for calcium ions Download PDF

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CN218146167U
CN218146167U CN202222282438.6U CN202222282438U CN218146167U CN 218146167 U CN218146167 U CN 218146167U CN 202222282438 U CN202222282438 U CN 202222282438U CN 218146167 U CN218146167 U CN 218146167U
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calcium ions
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王可
潘霞
赵飞
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a wastewater softening equipment system aiming at calcium ions, which comprises a water inlet device, two reaction devices, a clarifying device and a cation exchange resin fluidized bed which are connected in sequence, wherein the water inlet devices alternately feed water to the reaction devices, and the reaction devices are used for removing the calcium ions; the utility model discloses equipment system especially is applicable to the degree of depth softening treatment that contains salt industrial waste water of high rigidity, adopts the joint special design that two in turn intake, single-stage chemistry are softened and add medicine and transformation resin cation bed, to calcium ion single treatment for add the medicine kind and add the dose and reduce, can effectively reduce the softening cost, fully deal with the quality of water fluctuation, reduce mud production by a wide margin, can satisfy the resistant scale deposit steady operation of high concentration multiplying power membrane equipment such as back reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, receive and strain.

Description

Waste water softening equipment system for calcium ions
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection is administered, especially industrial waste water removes hard field. In particular to a wastewater softening equipment system aiming at calcium ions.
Background
In order to meet environmental protection regulations, agree with sustainable development concepts and bear more social responsibility, in industrial production, resource recycling and near-zero emission treatment of discharged industrial wastewater are encouraged. This can also assist the implementation of the national double carbon strategy from the side. Many production effluent contains a large amount of hardness ions, such as recirculated cooling water drainage, desulfurization wastewater, acid-base regeneration wastewater, high-salt mine water and the like, and the water quality fluctuation is large. The higher water hardness causes scaling risk of related water treatment technical equipment, increases the operation and maintenance cost, and seriously influences the further treatment of methods such as reverse osmosis and the like for extracting fresh water from industrial wastewater. Therefore, the wastewater to be recovered needs to be softened.
Through investigation, the hardness wastewater softening technology applied in the existing environmental protection method mainly comprises a chemical dosing method, a nanofiltration salt separation technology, an ion resin adsorption technology and the like. The nanofiltration salt separation technology has high equipment investment cost, and the divalent ion salt separation effect of the existing nanofiltration membrane still needs to be further improved. The ionic resin method is not suitable for treating wastewater with high hardness and high salinity. The chemical dosing method has many embodiments, such as a scheme of adding calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate by a two-stage dosing method, a scheme of adding sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate by a two-stage dosing method, and a scheme of adding sodium sulfate, calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate by a three-stage dosing method. When a chemical dosing method is used for treating high-hardness industrial wastewater, a series of problems exist, namely firstly, a secondary dosing device or a tertiary dosing device needs to be linked, the running complexity is increased, and the dosing and dispensing system is more in configuration; secondly, when the hardness content of the wastewater is higher, the dosage of the medicament is correspondingly greatly increased, the operation cost is also sharply increased, and the amount of the reaction precipitate and the discharged sludge is also increased; thirdly, the quality of the inlet water fluctuates, the difficulty of controlling the dosage is increased, and the problems of inaccurate dosage, reduced medicament utilization rate and often substandard hardness content of the outlet water quality exist in multi-stage reaction. In consideration of the further recovery treatment of the wastewater, in order to meet the stable operation of the subsequent concentration method, the economic cost and the operation management pressure of the softening treatment are very high when the severe water quality of the high-hardness industrial wastewater is treated.
The patent of application number 202110467369.3 discloses a processing system and method for single-factor deep softening and sludge recycling of power plant desulfurization wastewater, the system only needs to be provided with a single-stage dosing device and a single-stage reaction tank, and deep softening of power plant desulfurization wastewater can be realized only by removing sulfate ions in wastewater, so that the reagent feeding is reduced, the method flow is simplified, the processing cost is reduced, the sludge yield can be greatly reduced, and the produced sludge can be recycled. However, the method and the system aim at the desulfurization waste water of the power plant or the waste water with low calcium content, because when the content of sulfate ions is reduced from 50mg/L to 20mg/L, the content of the calcium ions can be increased from 5000mg/L to 12500mg/L on the premise of ensuring that no crystal salt is precipitated in the waste water, and the content of the calcium ions in the desulfurization waste water of the power plant is generally in the range of 1000-6000 mg/L, so that the sulfate ions are removed after being independently precipitated, the standard of softened water quality can be completely ensured, and when the water quality is not the desulfurization waste water of the power plant or the concentration of the calcium-containing ions in the waste water is high, the waste water softening treatment aiming at the sulfate ions is not suitable any more.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a waste water softening equipment system to calcium ion to from technical angle and economic angle go to add the big loaded down with trivial details, the wayward, go out the problem that hardness of water is not up to standard or follow-up treatment pressure is big in solving high rigidity waste water treatment with the dose.
The utility model aims at providing a waste water softening installation system to calcium ion, including water installations, reaction unit, clarification device and the cation exchange resin fluidized bed that connects gradually, water installations's quantity is two, is first water installations and second water installations respectively, through first water installations and second water installations intake in turn extremely among the reaction unit, reaction unit is used for single calcium ion of getting rid of.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water inlet device at the most front end of the system is set as a homogenizing device or an original water tank, and is designed into two sets, so that the water inlet device and the water outlet device alternately run in the two water inlet devices, thereby ensuring the sufficient buffer of water quality and water quantity,the continuous water feeding and treatment of the process are also ensured, the water quality detection is carried out at the position, so that the following reaction device can control chemical dosing according to the water quality index, and the dosing amount is stable and accurate. The system is used for softening the hardness wastewater, and is used for inhibiting hardness ions in the wastewater from reaching the upper limit of the solubility product of an insoluble compound in the later-stage further membrane concentration or thermal concentration treatment process so as to avoid crystal precipitation, so that membrane gaps or equipment flow channels are blocked by dirt. Insoluble compounds with larger influence in the wastewater are mainly calcium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide precipitate, and the latter can be controlled by adjusting the weak acidity of water quality. However, the calcium sulfate precipitate is relatively difficult to control effectively. The solubility product constant Ksp of calcium sulfate in water is 3.16 multiplied by 10 -7 The solubility of the insoluble compound in the wastewater can be improved due to the influence of salt effect and homoionic effect, and is specifically influenced by conditions such as water content, temperature and the like. When the content of calcium ions is reduced from 50mg/L to 5mg/L, on the premise of ensuring that no crystal salt is precipitated in the wastewater, the content of sulfate radicals can be expanded by 1 order of magnitude, for example, the content fluctuates from 5000mg/L to 50000mg/L, at the moment, the effective control of calcium ion indexes can still ensure that the softened water quality reaches the standard, and the subsequent membrane concentrated solution is ensured to avoid crystallization. Correspondingly, the chemical agent only removes 45mg/L calcium, the dosage of calcium ions is very small, and simultaneously the softening dosage required by a large amount of calcium sulfate can be completely avoided. The above example analysis shows that, in the chemical softening process of wastewater, the softening requirement can be satisfied only by strictly controlling the content of calcium ions unilaterally according to the key influencing factors.
Further, the reaction device is connected with a dispensing device. The medicine dispensing device is internally provided with a medicine which can enable calcium ions to generate precipitates. The medicament is one or two of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate and sodium fluoride. In order to optimize reaction conditions and be beneficial to precipitation, crystallization and precipitation of calcium ions and the like, a small amount of lime milk can be selectively and primarily added, and the pH value of the wastewater is controlled to be more than 8.0.
Further, the equipment system also comprises a dehydrator.
Further, the dewatering machine is arranged in front of the clarifying device. And (4) the dehydrated filtrate enters a clarifying device, and the dehydrated bottom sludge is collected and accumulated and is intermittently transported and treated.
Further, the clarification device is a clarification tank. The clarification tank can selectively use a vertical flow type clarification tank, a high-density clarification tank, a mechanical accelerated clarification tank, an integrated clarification tank and the like according to specific working conditions.
Further, a filter is arranged behind the clarification device. For re-filtering suspended solids from the supernatant of the clarification device.
Further, the filter is one or more of a multi-media filter, a hollow fiber microfiltration membrane, a tubular ultrafiltration membrane, a security filter and a disc filter.
Further, a first return pipe is connected between the filter and the clarification device. Used for returning filter residues filtered by the filter to the clarifying device.
Furthermore, the clarifying device is connected with the dewatering machine through a second return pipe. The settling bottom sludge of the clarifying device is conveniently dewatered to obtain sludge, and the sludge is taken as solid waste to be pulled out of a factory and is treated by outsourcing.
Furthermore, the dehydrator is one of a plate-and-frame filter press, a centrifugal dehydrator, a vacuum belt dehydrator or a stacked screw dehydrator, and is specifically selected according to working conditions such as solid content of wastewater.
Further, the softening treatment of the cation exchange resin fluidized bed is also followed by periodic cation exchange resin transformation treatment.
Further, the cation exchange resin fluidized bed is a conversion cation bed which can be converted by magnesium-containing solution.
Further, the cation exchange resin fluidized bed is a transformation type cation bed which can be transformed by a magnesium chloride solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the solution containing magnesium in the conversion cation bed converts hydrogen ions on the sulfonic functional group of the strong acid ion resin into magnesium sulfonate ions, so that the cation bed has the effect of preferentially and selectively adsorbing calcium ions. This is because the ion exchange resin already contains magnesium ions, which results in a faster calcium ion adsorption rate than magnesium and sodium ions, and thus achieves a calcium ion preferential adsorption effect, unlike a conventional cation bed, which can adsorb all cations. The regenerated water of the transformation ion resin is mainly calcium chloride and magnesium chloride brine.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses equipment system for softening system commonly used now, the flow has obtained optimization and has simplified, goes out water quality of water and can satisfy back reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, receive the resistant scale deposit steady operation of high concentration multiplying power membrane equipment such as straining.
2. The utility model discloses equipment system, its chemistry adds the medicine volume and compares and add the medicine technology significantly reduce in current chemistry, can effectively reduce and soften the running cost, reduces the sludge volume by a wide margin, reduces the solution introduction water that dispenses.
3. The utility model discloses equipment system, degree of depth softening treatment only use the cation bed, and the target is selectively got rid of calcium ion single index, need not the collocation use such as cation bed, anion bed and cloudy mixed bed, decarbonizer, avoids the loaded down with trivial details flow of conventional water treatment process, reduces corresponding investment and operation maintenance cost.
4. The utility model discloses equipment system especially is fit for the softening treatment of the industrial waste water of high hardness content, and cost advantage can further enlarge when handling the industrial waste water that calcium content is low, sulfate radical bicarbonate radical content is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a calcium ion-directed wastewater softener system of the present invention;
description of the drawings: 1. a first water inlet device; 2. a second water inlet device; 3. a reaction device; 4. a dehydrator; 5. a clarification device; 6. a filter; 7. a pH adjusting device; 8. a fluidized bed of cation exchange resin; 9. a dispensing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The utility model provides a waste water softening equipment system to calcium ion, as shown in figure 1, includes water installations, reaction unit 3, clarification plant 5 and the cation exchange resin fluidized bed 8 that connect gradually, and the quantity of water installations is two, is first water installations 1 and second water installations 2 respectively, through first water installations 1 and second water installations 2 alternately intake extremely in the reaction unit 3, reaction unit 3 is used for single calcium ion of getting rid of.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first water intake device 1 and the second water intake device 2 are both raw water tanks or are both homogenization tanks, the reaction device 3 is a conventional reaction tank, the reaction device 3 is connected to a dispensing device 9, and the dispensing device 9 may be a dispensing box or other conventional dosing system. The dispensing device 9 is filled with a medicament which can cause calcium ions to generate precipitates. The medicament is one or two of aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, sodium fluoride, sodium carbonate and sodium fluoride. In order to optimize reaction conditions and be beneficial to precipitation, crystallization and precipitation of calcium ions and the like, a small amount of lime milk can be selectively and primarily added, and the pH value of the wastewater is controlled to be more than 8.0.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the clarification device 5 is a clarification tank, and a vertical flow type clarification tank, a high-density clarification tank, a mechanical accelerated clarification tank, an integrated clarification tank, and the like can be selectively used according to specific working conditions.
As shown in fig. 1 in particular, the plant system further comprises a dewatering machine 4, the dewatering machine 4 being arranged before the clarification device 5.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the dewatering machine 4 is one of a plate-and-frame filter press, a centrifugal dewatering machine, a vacuum belt type dewatering machine and a stacked screw type dewatering machine, and is specifically designed and selected according to the working conditions such as the solid content of the wastewater.
As shown in particular in fig. 1, the clarifying means 5 is followed by a filter 6. For re-filtering the suspended solids of the supernatant of the clarification device 4. The filter 6 is one or more of a multi-medium filter, a hollow fiber microfiltration membrane, a tubular ultrafiltration membrane, a security filter and a disc type filter.
As shown in particular in fig. 1, a first return pipe is connected between the filter 6 and the clarification device 5.
As shown in fig. 1 in particular, the refining unit 5 is also connected to the dewatering machine 4 via a second return line.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a pH adjusting device 7 is arranged in front of a cation exchange resin fluidized bed 8, and the pH adjusting device 7 is a pH adjusting box or a pipeline static mixer.
The following is an example of a specific different type of wastewater treatment, wherein only calcium ions and SS are controlled in the effluent quality. The process only removes hardness, but can be used as a process unit to be combined and coupled with other water quality index control equipment.
Experimental example 1 treatment of thermal power desulfurization wastewater
This test example adopts the utility model discloses equipment system handles thermoelectricity desulfurization waste water, and thermoelectricity desulfurization waste water quality of water is as shown in following table 1:
TABLE 1 thermal power desulfurization wastewater quality characteristic table
Figure BDA0003817341290000061
Table 1 is a table of the water quality characteristics of thermal power desulfurization wastewater, wherein the parenthesis of the content of some components is a range value of the content in a certain time period, a specific value is a detection value at a certain time point, and the specific conditions of the thermal power desulfurization wastewater treatment are as follows:
thermal power desulfurization waste water is earlier in turn through two former water tanks save, buffering, all contain electric stirring device in two former water tanks. And then the buffered wastewater continuously enters a primary reaction tank, lime milk is added through a medicine preparation tank and a medicine adding system, the pH is controlled to be more than or equal to 8, aluminum phosphate is added, and the pH is controlled to be more than or equal to 9.5. The specific dosage of the medicine is adjusted according to the effluent quality of the raw water tank and is within 110-125% of the molar ratio of the excessive medicine. And (4) feeding the wastewater subjected to the dosing reaction into a plate-and-frame filter press for solid-liquid separation. After the water removed by the plate-and-frame filter press is treated by a clarification tank and a multi-medium filter, the clarified water enters a next-stage pipeline static mixer for pH neutralization treatment, and the pH of the effluent is controlled to be 6.0-7.5. And dehydrating the precipitated bottom mud by using a plate-and-frame filter press. And the neutralized effluent enters a rotary cation bed for treatment after passing through a security filter, and finally softened produced water is obtained. The calcium ion content in the softened water can be controlled below 5mg/L, and the SS index can be controlled below 20 mg/L.
Test example 2 treatment of highly mineralized mine Water
This test example adopts the utility model discloses equipment system handles hypersalinity mine water, and hypersalinity mine water quality of water is as shown in following table 2:
TABLE 2 characteristic table of water quality of highly mineralized mine water
Serial number Item Unit of Index (I) Serial number Item Unit of Index (I)
1 pH 6~9 14 Total zinc (Zn) mg/L 2
2 Colour intensity 40 15 Chlorine radical mg/L 5000~18000
3 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) mg/L ~150 16 Sulfate radical mg/L 4000-12000
4 Suspended Substance (SS) mg/L 70 17 TDS 2%~5%
5 Sulfide compound mg/L 0.58 18 Calcium (Ca) 2+ ) mg/L 2000-10000
6 Fluoride compounds mg/L 30 19 Magnesium (Mg) 2+ ) mg/L 600-10000
7 Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 50 20 Na + +K + mg/L Greater than 2000
8 Total mercury (Hg) mg/L 0.05 21 HCO 3 - mg/L 200
9 Total cadmium (Cd) mg/L 0.1 22 SO 3 2- mg/L 50-100
10 Total chromium (Cr) mg/L 1.5 23 Si mg/L 70-100
11 Total arsenic (As) mg/L 0.5 24 NO 3 - mg/L 100-500
12 Total lead (Pb) mg/L 1 25 B (boron) mg/L 10-400
13 Total nickel (Ni) mg/L 1
The water quality of the mine water with high mineralization degree is characterized as follows: firstly, the salinity is high, the TDS is about 1000-10000mg/L, the calcium ion content is 2000-10000mg/L, and secondly, the salinity is relatively turbid under most conditions, the chromaticity is high, pollutants are mainly suspended matters (SS), the water quality changes greatly, the concentration of the suspended matters changes greatly, the content of the suspended matters is far higher than that of surface water, and the sense is poor; thirdly, the suspended matter particles have small diameter, smaller specific gravity and slower sedimentation speed, the diameter of the suspended matter particles in the mine water is generally only 2-8 μm, and the particle diameter of more than 85 percent of the suspended matter particles is below 50 μm.
The treatment of the mine water with high mineralization degree is as follows:
after the high-salinity mine water alternately passes through the water quantity buffering and water quality homogenizing effects of the two homogenizing tanks, the mine water enters the reaction tank, and a dosing tank and a dosing system are used for dosing quantitative medicaments according to the calcium ion content index of water quality to generate calcium carbonate and ettringite precipitates and a small amount of calcium sulfate precipitates. And (4) feeding the wastewater after the dosing reaction into a centrifugal dehydrator for solid-liquid separation. And (3) treating the water separated by the centrifugal dehydrator through a clarification tank and a tubular membrane, dehydrating the sediment by the centrifugal dehydrator, allowing the clarified water to enter a next-stage pH adjusting box, allowing the clarified water to stay for more than 20min by waterpower, adding a hydrochloric acid medicament, stirring, and performing acid-base neutralization on the wastewater. Controlling the pH value of the effluent between 6.5 and 7.0. The neutralized effluent enters a rotary cation bed for treatment through a conventional disc filter. The calcium ion content of the softened water can be controlled below 5mg/L, and the SS index is controlled at 10mg/L.
To sum up, the utility model discloses water softening equipment system is particularly useful for the degree of depth softening treatment of the salt industrial waste water that contains of high rigidity. The equipment system is a combined special design of double-alternative water inlet, single-stage chemical softening and chemical adding and transformation resin cation bed, aiming at single treatment of calcium ions, the adding type and the adding amount are reduced, the softening treatment cost can be effectively reduced, water quality fluctuation is fully coped with, the sludge production is greatly reduced, and the scaling-resistant stable operation of high-concentration-ratio membrane equipment such as rear reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, nanofiltration and the like can be met.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can still be modified or replaced with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a waste water softening equipment system to calcium ion which characterized in that, is including the water installations, reaction unit (3), clarification device (5) and the cation exchange resin fluidized bed (8) that connect gradually, the quantity of water installations is two, is first water installations (1) and second water installations (2) respectively, through first water installations (1) and second water installations (2) intake in turn extremely in reaction unit (3), reaction unit (3) are used for the single calcium ion of getting rid of.
2. A waste water softening apparatus system for calcium ions according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction device (3) is connected with a dispensing device (9).
3. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 1, characterised in that the clarification device (5) is followed by a filter (6).
4. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 3, wherein the filter (6) is one or more of a multi-media filter, a hollow fiber micro-filtration membrane, a tubular micro-filtration membrane, and a tubular ultra-filtration membrane.
5. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 3, characterised in that a first return pipe is connected between the filter (6) and the clarification means (5).
6. The wastewater softening equipment system for calcium ions according to claim 1, wherein a dewatering machine (4) is connected in front of the clarifying device (5), and the clarifying device (5) is further connected with the dewatering machine (4) through a second return pipe.
7. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 1, wherein a pH adjusting device (7) is arranged before the cation exchange resin fluidized bed (8).
8. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed (8) of cation exchange resin is a rotatable cation bed.
9. A wastewater softening plant system against calcium ions according to claim 1, characterized in that the cation exchange resin fluidized bed (8) is a conversion cation bed convertible by magnesium-containing solution.
10. A waste water softening plant system for calcium ions according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed (8) of cation exchange resin is a conversion cation bed convertible by magnesium chloride solution.
CN202222282438.6U 2022-08-26 2022-08-26 Waste water softening equipment system for calcium ions Active CN218146167U (en)

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