CN213085655U - Low-cost mine water purification treatment system - Google Patents

Low-cost mine water purification treatment system Download PDF

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CN213085655U
CN213085655U CN202020808305.6U CN202020808305U CN213085655U CN 213085655 U CN213085655 U CN 213085655U CN 202020808305 U CN202020808305 U CN 202020808305U CN 213085655 U CN213085655 U CN 213085655U
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unit
water
crystallization
outlet
sodium sulfate
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党平
赛世杰
张娜
余占海
刘丹茹
郝春霞
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Inner Mongolia Jiuke Kangrui Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Inner Mongolia Jiuke Kangrui Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-cost mine water purification treatment system, which comprises a pretreatment unit, a desalting unit, a chemical softening unit, a concentration crystallization unit and a reverse osmosis unit; the water outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected with the water inlet of the desalting unit, the concentrated water outlet of the desalting unit is connected with the water inlet of the chemical softening unit, and the water outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with the water inlet of the concentrated crystallization unit. The utility model has the advantages of, investment and running cost are low, the recovery crystal salt quality is high, produce water and can reach stable discharge to reach standard or retrieval and utilization standard.

Description

Low-cost mine water purification treatment system
The technical field is as follows:
the utility model relates to a water treatment technical field especially relates to a low-cost mine water purification treatment system.
Background art:
the mine water is the underground water which is polluted because of the contact of the underground water with coal bed and rock stratum in the coal mining process and the influence of human activities, and a series of physical, chemical and biochemical reactions occur. Therefore, the water quality has obvious characteristics of the coal industry, contains a large amount of suspended matters and has poor sensory properties; in northern areas, mine water has high mineralization and high salt content. Mine water contains much higher total ion content than normal surface water and a large portion is sulfate ions. The pH value of the mine water is usually low, and a large amount of ferrous ions are often accompanied, so that the treatment difficulty is increased.
At present, the mine water treatment project has huge market space. With the continuous improvement of the national requirements on environmental protection, the mine water treatment requirements are higher and higher, the mine water in northern areas needs to be treated to reach landmark III water to be discharged, the treatment process is more and more complex, and the standard discharge and the recycling can be realized by adopting a zero discharge technology. The mine water is originally underground water, the water quality is excellent, the mine water is polluted in different degrees only in the coal mining process, most indexes can directly reach the discharge or recycling standard, and only individual indexes such as TDS, fluorine, suspended matters and the like exceed the standard. In the mine water recycling and zero discharge process adopted at present, all ions, organic matters, silicon dioxide and other neutral substances are completely intercepted and recovered by adopting a reverse osmosis membrane technology, the problems of large scale of a rear-end evaporative crystallization system, high investment cost, large salt yield, incapability of treating crystallized salt and the like exist, and a subsequent treatment system has higher scaling and pollution risks.
The utility model has the following contents:
for solving the technical problem, the utility model aims to provide a low-cost mine water purification treatment system that investment and running cost are low, the recovery crystallization salt quality is high, product water can reach stable discharge to reach standard or retrieval and utilization standard.
The utility model discloses by following technical scheme implement: a low-cost mine water purification treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit, a desalting unit, a chemical softening unit, a concentration and crystallization unit and a reverse osmosis unit; the water outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected with the water inlet of the desalting unit, the concentrated water outlet of the desalting unit is connected with the water inlet of the chemical softening unit, and the water outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with the water inlet of the concentrated crystallization unit.
Specifically, the desalting unit is an electro-adsorption device and/or an electrodialysis device.
Specifically, the concentration and crystallization unit comprises a nanofiltration salt separation unit, a sodium chloride crystallization unit and a sodium sulfate crystallization unit; a water outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with a water inlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit, and a water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit; a concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration salt separation unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit; a sodium chloride mother liquor outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit are both connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit; and a condensed water outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit, a condensed water outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit and a condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit are all connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
Specifically, a water production deep concentration unit is further arranged between a water production outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit and a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit, and a water production outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with a water inlet of the water production deep concentration unit; a concentrated water outlet of the water production deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit; and a water production outlet of the water production deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
Specifically, a concentrated water deep concentration unit is further arranged between a concentrated water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit and a water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit, the concentrated water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with the water inlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit, and the concentrated water outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit is connected with the water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit; and a water production outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
Or the desalting unit is a desalting nanofiltration device.
Specifically, the concentration and crystallization unit comprises a deep concentration unit and a sodium sulfate crystallization unit, a water production outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with a water inlet of the deep concentration unit, a concentrated water outlet of the deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit, and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation and crystallization unit; and a water outlet of the deep concentration unit, a condensed water outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit and a condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit are all connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
Specifically, a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis unit is connected with a water inlet of the chemical softening unit.
Specifically, the sodium sulfate crystallization unit comprises a freezing crystallization device and a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device, and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the freezing crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit; the crystal outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device is connected with the inlet of the sodium sulfate melting and crystallizing device; and a condensate outlet of the sodium sulfate melt crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
Specifically, the pretreatment unit comprises a coagulating sedimentation tank and a quartz sand filtering device, wherein a supernatant outlet of the coagulating sedimentation tank is connected with a water inlet of the quartz sand filtering device; and a supernatant outlet of the quartz sand filtering device is connected with a water inlet of the desalting unit. The mine water firstly enters a pretreatment unit for pretreatment. By adding the defluorinating agent, the coagulant and the flocculating agent into the coagulating sedimentation tank, most particles, suspended matters, colloids, fluorides and part of organic matters in the mine water are effectively removed, and then the pretreated mine water is filtered by the quartz sand filtering device, so that the turbidity is less than 1NTU, the fluorides are less than 1.0mg/L, and the stable operation of a subsequent system is guaranteed.
Specifically, the chemical softening unit comprises one or more of a high-density tank, a V-shaped filter tank, a quartz sand filter or an ion exchange device.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. impurities such as impurity particles, suspended matters and colloids in the mine water are removed through the pretreatment system, and efficient and stable operation of the rear-end electric adsorption system is effectively protected;
2. the desalting unit adopts one or more of electric adsorption, electrodialysis or nanofiltration technology, wherein the electric adsorption and electrodialysis technology only adsorbs and removes charged ions, the removal rate is adjustable, the removal effect on neutral substances such as organic matters and silicon dioxide is not realized, and the desalting and nanofiltration technology has the removal effect on partial high-valence inorganic salts. Therefore, the desalting unit is adopted for treatment, the produced water of the system can be controlled to reach the standard limit value of standard discharge or recycling with TDS less than 1000mg/L, all inorganic salt ions in the produced water are not required to be removed to a very low level, the treatment scale of the rear-end strong brine is effectively reduced, and the operation cost of the whole mine water treatment is reduced. Meanwhile, the desalting unit has no obvious effect of removing neutral substances such as organic matters, silicon dioxide and the like, so that the concentrations of the organic matters and the silicon dioxide in the concentrated water of the desalting unit are very low, and the scaling and pollution risks of a subsequent treatment system are reduced.
3. After the chemical softening system is arranged in the desalting unit, the total hardness in the concentrated water of the desalting unit is enriched and is far higher than that in the original water, so that the treatment scale of the chemical softening system can be effectively reduced, the reaction efficiency of chemical agents is improved, and the consumption of the agents is reduced.
4. The nanofiltration salt separation system is adopted to perform first-stage salt separation, has the characteristics of high rejection rate, high recovery rate and high stability, can separate strong brine to form sodium chloride concentrated water and sodium sulfate concentrated water, and can effectively cope with water quality fluctuation at the front end;
5. nanofiltration produced water and concentrated water are respectively subjected to high-power concentration through a deep concentration system, so that the evaporation capacity of a rear-end evaporation system is greatly reduced, and the investment and the operation cost of an evaporative crystallization system are effectively reduced.
6. Sodium sulfate is subjected to secondary salt separation in a freezing and melting crystallization mode, so that the quality, the resource rate and the standard-reaching stability of the sodium sulfate crystallized salt can be improved, and a foundation is laid for the cyclic utilization of the crystallized salt in the future;
7. the produced water of all the membrane concentration systems and the condensed water of the evaporative crystallization system are all purified for the second time through a reverse osmosis membrane system, so that the produced water of the whole system can be stably discharged or recycled up to the standard.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-cost mine water purification treatment system of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a low-cost mine water purification treatment system according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a low cost mine water purification treatment system;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a low-cost purification treatment process for mine water in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a low-cost mine water purification treatment process in example 2;
the device comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a coagulating sedimentation tank 1-1, a quartz sand filtering device 1-2, a desalting unit 2, a chemical softening unit 3, a high-density tank 3-1, a V-shaped filter tank 3-2, a quartz sand filter 3-3, a concentration crystallization unit 4, a nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1, a sodium chloride crystallization unit 4-2, a freezing crystallization device 4-3, a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device 4-4, a produced water deep concentration unit 4-5, a concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6, a miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7, a reverse osmosis unit 5 and a deep concentration unit 6.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the low-cost mine water purification treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a desalting unit 2, a chemical softening unit 3 and a concentration and crystallization unit 4; the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank 1-1 and a quartz sand filtering device 1-2; the desalting unit 2 is an electro-adsorption device and/or an electrodialysis device, and the embodiment is the electrodialysis device; the chemical softening unit 3 comprises one or more of a high-density tank, a V-shaped filter, a quartz sand filter or an ion exchange device, and the chemical softening unit comprises the high-density tank 3-1, the V-shaped filter 3-2 and the quartz sand filter 3-3 which are connected in sequence. The concentration crystallization unit 4 comprises a nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1, a sodium chloride crystallization unit 4-2 and a sodium sulfate crystallization unit; in this embodiment, the sodium chloride crystallization unit is a sodium chloride evaporative crystallization device; the sodium sulfate crystallization unit comprises a freezing crystallization device 4-3 and a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device 4-4.
A supernatant outlet of the coagulating sedimentation tank 1-1 is connected with a water inlet of the quartz sand filtering device 1-2; a supernatant outlet of the quartz sand filtering device 1-2 is connected with a water inlet of the desalting unit 2; a concentrated water outlet of the desalting unit 2 is connected with a water inlet of the high-density tank 3-1, a supernatant outlet of the quartz sand filter 3-3 is connected with a water inlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit 4-1, and a water production outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit 4-1 is connected with a water inlet of the water production deep concentration unit 4-5; a concentrated water outlet of the produced water deep concentration unit 4-5 is connected with a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit 4-2; a concentrated water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit 4-1 is connected with a water inlet of a concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6, and a concentrated water outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 is connected with a water inlet of a freezing crystallization device 4-3; a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device 4-3 is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation and crystallization unit 4-7; the crystal outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device 4-3 is connected with the inlet of the sodium sulfate melting and crystallizing device 4-4; the condensate outlet of the sodium sulfate melt crystallization device 4-4 is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5. A sodium chloride mother liquor outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit 4-2 is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7; the condensed water outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit 4-2, the produced water outlet of the produced water deep concentration unit 4-5, the produced water outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 and the condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7 are all connected with the water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5. The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5 is connected with the water inlet of the high-density tank 3-1.
The produced water deep concentration unit and the concentrated water deep concentration unit can adopt one or more of high-pressure nanofiltration, high-pressure roll reverse osmosis, high-pressure flat membrane, electrodialysis, forward osmosis, MVR, TVR and multi-effect evaporation.
The process flow for treating mine water by using the low-cost mine water purification treatment system of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) the mine water firstly enters a pretreatment unit 1 for pretreatment. By adding a fluorine removal agent, a coagulant and a flocculating agent into the coagulating sedimentation tank 1-1, most particles, suspended matters, colloids, fluorides and part of organic matters in mine water are effectively removed, and then the mine water is filtered by a quartz sand filtering device 1-2, so that the turbidity of the pretreated mine water is less than 1NTU, and the fluorides are less than 1.0mg/L, and the stable operation of a subsequent system is guaranteed.
(2) The pretreated mine water enters a desalting unit 2, and after the mine water is treated by the desalting unit 2, TDS (total dissolved solids) in produced water of the desalting unit is less than 1000mg/L or is determined according to actual requirements, the TDS of the produced water is adjustable, and meets the specific discharge requirements and the water quality requirements of reuse water of industrial enterprises for standard discharge or reuse;
(3) concentrated water in the desalting unit enters a rear-end chemical softening unit, and the chemical softening unit 3 comprises a high-density tank 3-1, a V-shaped filter tank 3-2 and a quartz sand filter 3-3. By adding one or more of a silicon removing agent, lime, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, a coagulant and a flocculating agent, most of calcium, magnesium, alkalinity, silicon dioxide and the like in the concentrated water of the desalting unit are effectively removed, and the stable operation of a subsequent system is guaranteed. After being treated by the chemical softening unit 3, the total hardness of the wastewater is less than 100mg/L (calculated by calcium carbonate), the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the silicon dioxide is less than 25 mg/L;
(4) the water produced by the chemical softening unit enters a nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 for salt separation, the nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 is a nanofiltration system, the sulfate radical rejection rate of the nanofiltration system is more than 98 percent, and the TDS of nanofiltration concentrated water is more than 90000 mg/L. Nanofiltration produced water and concentrated water pass through a deep concentration unit and sodium chloride evaporative crystallization, freezing crystallization, sodium sulfate evaporative crystallization and miscellaneous salt evaporative crystallization respectively, and finally sodium chloride and sodium sulfate crystallized salt meeting the industrial recycling requirements are produced, and meanwhile, the produced water is less in miscellaneous salt;
(5) the water produced by all the membrane concentration units and the evaporated condensate water enter the reverse osmosis unit 5 together for further purification and desalination, the produced water is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard, and the concentrated water enters the chemical softening unit 3 for circular treatment.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the low-cost mine water purification treatment system comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a desalting unit 2, a chemical softening unit 3 and a concentration and crystallization unit 4; the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank 1-1 and a quartz sand filtering device 1-2; the desalting unit 2 is a desalting nanofiltration device; the chemical softening unit 3 is an ion exchange device. The concentration and crystallization unit 4 comprises a sodium sulfate crystallization unit; in this embodiment, the sodium sulfate crystallization unit includes a freezing crystallization device 4-3 and a sodium sulfate melt crystallization device 4-4.
A supernatant outlet of the coagulating sedimentation tank 1-1 is connected with a water inlet of the quartz sand filtering device 1-2; a supernatant outlet of the quartz sand filtering device 1-2 is connected with a water inlet of the desalting unit 2; a concentrated water outlet of the desalting unit 2 is connected with a water inlet of the chemical softening unit 3, a supernatant outlet of the chemical softening unit 3 is connected with a water inlet of the deep concentration unit 6, and a concentrated water outlet of the deep concentration unit 6 is connected with a water inlet of the freezing and crystallizing device 4-3; a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device 4-3 is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation and crystallization unit 4-7; the crystal outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device 4-3 is connected with the inlet of the sodium sulfate melting and crystallizing device 4-4; the condensate outlet of the sodium sulfate melt crystallization device 4-4 is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5. The water outlet of the deep concentration unit 6 and the condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization units 4-7 are both connected with the water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5. The concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis unit 5 is connected with the water inlet of the chemical softening unit 3.
The process flow for treating mine water by using the low-cost mine water purification treatment system of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) the mine water firstly enters a pretreatment unit 1 for pretreatment. By adding a fluorine removal agent, a coagulant and a flocculating agent into the coagulating sedimentation tank 1-1, most particles, suspended matters, colloids, fluorides and part of organic matters in mine water are effectively removed, and then the mine water is filtered by a quartz sand filtering device 1-2, so that the turbidity of the pretreated mine water is less than 1NTU, and the fluorides are less than 1.0mg/L, and the stable operation of a subsequent system is guaranteed.
(2) The pretreated mine water enters a desalting unit 2, and the desalting unit 2 is a desalting nanofiltration device. After being treated by the desalting unit 2, the TDS in the produced water of the desalting unit is less than 1000mg/L or is determined according to actual requirements, the TDS of the produced water is adjustable, the specific discharge requirement and the water quality requirement of the reuse water of industrial enterprises are met, and the discharge or the reuse of the produced water reaches the standard;
(3) concentrated water in the desalting unit enters a rear-end chemical softening unit, and the chemical softening unit 3 is an ion exchange device. By adding one or more of a silicon removing agent, lime, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, a coagulant and a flocculating agent, most of calcium, magnesium, alkalinity, silicon dioxide and the like in the concentrated water of the desalting unit are effectively removed, and the stable operation of a subsequent system is guaranteed. After being treated by the chemical softening unit 3, the total hardness of the wastewater is less than 100mg/L (calculated by calcium carbonate), the turbidity is less than 1NTU, and the silicon dioxide is less than 25 mg/L;
(4) the water produced by the chemical softening unit enters a nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 for salt separation, the nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 is a nanofiltration system, the sulfate radical rejection rate of the nanofiltration system is more than 98 percent, and the TDS of nanofiltration concentrated water is more than 90000 mg/L. Nanofiltration produced water and concentrated water pass through a deep concentration unit and sodium chloride evaporative crystallization, freezing crystallization, sodium sulfate evaporative crystallization and miscellaneous salt evaporative crystallization respectively, and finally sodium chloride and sodium sulfate crystallized salt meeting the industrial recycling requirements are produced, and meanwhile, the produced water is less in miscellaneous salt;
(5) the water produced by all the membrane concentration units and the evaporated condensate water enter the reverse osmosis unit 5 together for further purification and desalination, the produced water is recycled or discharged after reaching the standard, and the concentrated water enters the chemical softening unit 3 for circular treatment.
Example 3: the flow rate Q of certain coal mine water is 30000m3/d，COD＝15mg/L， TDS＝2898mg/L，HCO3-＝727mg/L，Cl-＝560mg/L，SO4 2-640mg/L, 226mg/L total hardness, 20mg/L silicon dioxide, 25mg/L suspended matter, F-＝3.5mg/L， pH＝8～9。
The TDS of the treated product water is less than 1000mg/L, so that the discharge of landmark III water or industrial recycling is realized.
(1) Firstly, a pretreatment unit 1 is used for mine water, the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank, a V-shaped filter tank and an ultrafiltration system, a fluorine removal agent, polyferric chloride and PAM are respectively added into the pretreatment unit 1, and suspended matters, colloids and F in wastewater are removed in a coagulation, sedimentation and filtration mode-And the like. After being treated by the pretreatment unit 1, suspended matters are less than 0.5mg/L, SDI is less than 3, F-＜ 1.0mg/L；
(2) The water produced by the pretreatment unit enters a desalting unit 2, an electric adsorption device is adopted for desalting, the recovery rate of the electric adsorption device is 95 percent, the water produced by the electric adsorption device is used as the final produced water and is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard, and the concentrated liquid (concentrated water) produced by electric adsorption enters a back-end system for further treatment. The desalting effect of the electro-adsorption device is shown in the following table:
(3) and discharging the concentrated water of the desalting unit to a chemical softening unit 3 for hardness removal treatment. The chemical softening unit comprises a high-density tank, a quartz sand filter and an ion exchange resin device, and the hardness is removed by adding lime, sodium carbonate, polyferric chloride and PAM and carrying out ion exchange, and the final treatment effect is as shown in the following table;
(4) the water produced by the chemical softening unit enters a nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 for primary salt separation, the nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 is a nanofiltration system, the recovery rate of the nanofiltration system is 80 percent, and SO is in the nanofiltration system4 2-The retention rate is 98%, the COD interception rate is 60%, and the silica retention rate is 0, and the specific effects are as follows:
(5) the produced water and the concentrated water of the nanofiltration salt separation unit 4-1 respectively enter a produced water deep concentration unit 4-5 and a concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 for further concentration. The water production deep concentration unit 4-5 adopts a high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane for concentration, the concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 adopts an MVR system for evaporation concentration, and the concentration effect is as follows:
(6) the concentrated water of the water production deep concentration unit 4-5 enters a sodium chloride evaporation crystallization device, the qualified sodium chloride crystal salt of the produced water is 16.7t/d, and the sodium chloride mother liquor is discharged to a mixed salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7;
(7) concentrated water of the concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 enters a freezing crystallization device 4-3 and a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device 4-4, the produced water is qualified sodium sulfate crystal salt 17.1t/d, and the frozen mother liquor is discharged to a mixed salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7;
(8) mother liquor of the produced water deep concentration unit 4-5 and the concentrated water deep concentration unit 4-6 is discharged to the mixed salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7 to produce mixed salt 6.89 t/d;
(9) and the produced water of the produced water deep concentration units 4-5 and the concentrated water deep concentration units 4-6 is discharged to the reverse osmosis unit 5 for further desalination treatment, wherein the TDS of the reverse osmosis produced water is less than 1000mg/L, and the produced water is discharged or recycled as the final produced water after reaching the standard.
Example 4 mine Water for coal mine with flow Q10000 m3/d，COD＝11mg/L， TDS＝1931mg/L，HCO3-＝325mg/L，Cl-＝214mg/L，SO4 2-760mg/L, 188mg/L total hardness, 15mg/L silica, 30mg/L suspension, F-＝2.6mg/L。
The TDS of the treated product water is less than 1000mg/L, so that the discharge of landmark III water or industrial recycling is realized.
(1) The method comprises the steps that mine water is firstly pretreated by a unit 1, the pretreatment unit 1 comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank, a V-shaped filter tank and an ultrafiltration system, a fluorine removing agent, polyferric chloride and PAM are respectively added into the pretreatment unit 1, and suspended matters, colloids and F in wastewater are removed in a coagulation, sedimentation and filtration mode-And the like. After being treated by the pretreatment unit, suspended matters are less than 0.5mg/L, SDI is less than 3, F-＜0.8mg/L；
(2) The water produced by the pretreatment unit enters a desalting unit 2, the desalting unit 2 adopts a nanofiltration desalting system, the recovery rate of the nanofiltration desalting system is 95%, the water produced by the nanofiltration desalting system is used as the final produced water and is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard, and the concentrated water produced by the nanofiltration desalting system enters a back-end system for further treatment. The effect of the nanofiltration desalination system is shown in the following table:
(3) and discharging the concentrated water of the desalting unit to a chemical softening unit 3 for hardness removal treatment. The chemical softening unit comprises a high-density tank, a quartz sand filter and an ion exchange resin system, and the hardness is removed by adding lime, sodium carbonate, polyferric chloride and PAM and carrying out ion exchange, and the final treatment effect is as shown in the following table;
(4) the chemical softening unit produces water and directly enters into deep concentration unit 6 and carries out the deep concentration, and deep concentration unit 6 contains low pressure reverse osmosis system, high pressure reverse osmosis system, and the concentrated effect of deep concentration unit 6 is as follows:
(5) concentrated water of the deep concentration unit 6 enters a freezing crystallization device 4-3 and a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device 4-4, the produced water is qualified sodium sulfate crystal salt 10.4t/d, and a freezing mother solution is discharged to a mixed salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7;
(6) discharging the mother liquor of the deep concentration unit 6 to a mixed salt evaporation crystallization unit 4-7 to produce mixed salt 2.0 t/d;
and discharging the produced water of the deep concentration unit 6 to a reverse osmosis unit 5 for further desalination treatment, wherein the TDS of the reverse osmosis produced water is less than 1000mg/L, and the produced water serving as the final produced water is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard.
The coagulating sedimentation tank, the quartz sand filtering device, the electro-adsorption device, the electrodialysis device, the high density tank, the V-shaped filter tank, the quartz sand filter, the ion exchange device, the high density tank, the V-shaped filter tank, the quartz sand filter, the nano-filtration salt separation unit, the sodium chloride evaporative crystallization device, the freezing crystallization device, the sodium sulfate melting crystallization device, the produced water deep concentration unit, the concentrated water deep concentration unit, the miscellaneous salt evaporative crystallization unit, the reverse osmosis unit, the deep concentration unit and other equipment involved in the examples 1 to 4 are all conventional equipment types in the field, and the specific structures thereof are not described herein again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A low-cost mine water purification treatment system is characterized by comprising a pretreatment unit, a desalting unit, a chemical softening unit, a concentration and crystallization unit and a reverse osmosis unit; the water outlet of the pretreatment unit is connected with the water inlet of the desalting unit, the concentrated water outlet of the desalting unit is connected with the water inlet of the chemical softening unit, and the water outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with the water inlet of the concentrated crystallization unit.
2. A low cost mine water purification treatment system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the desalination unit is an electro-adsorption device and/or an electro-dialysis device.
3. The low-cost mine water purification treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the concentration and crystallization unit comprises a nano-filtration salt separation unit, a sodium chloride crystallization unit and a sodium sulfate crystallization unit; a water outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with a water inlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit, and a water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit; a concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration salt separation unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit; a sodium chloride mother liquor outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit are both connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit; and a condensed water outlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit, a condensed water outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit and a condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit are all connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
4. The low-cost mine water purification treatment system according to claim 3, wherein a produced water deep concentration unit is further arranged between the produced water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit and the water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit, and the produced water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with the water inlet of the produced water deep concentration unit; a concentrated water outlet of the water production deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium chloride crystallization unit; and a water production outlet of the water production deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
5. The low-cost mine water purification treatment system according to claim 3, wherein a concentrated water deep concentration unit is further arranged between the concentrated water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit and the water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit, the concentrated water outlet of the nano-filtration salt separation unit is connected with the water inlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit, and the concentrated water outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit is connected with the water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit; and a water production outlet of the concentrated water deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
6. A low cost mine water purification treatment system according to claim 1, wherein said desalination unit is a desalination nanofiltration device.
7. The low-cost mine water purification treatment system according to claim 6, wherein the concentration and crystallization unit comprises a deep concentration unit and a sodium sulfate crystallization unit, a water production outlet of the chemical softening unit is connected with a water inlet of the deep concentration unit, a concentrated water outlet of the deep concentration unit is connected with a water inlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit, and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation and crystallization unit; and a water outlet of the deep concentration unit, a condensed water outlet of the sodium sulfate crystallization unit and a condensed water outlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit are all connected with a water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
8. A low cost mine water purification treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7 wherein the concentrate outlet of the reverse osmosis unit is connected to the water inlet of the chemical softening unit.
9. A low cost mine water purification treatment system according to any one of claims 3, 4, 5 and 7, wherein the sodium sulfate crystallization unit comprises a freezing crystallization device and a sodium sulfate melting crystallization device, and a sodium sulfate mother liquor outlet of the freezing crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the miscellaneous salt evaporation crystallization unit; the crystal outlet of the freezing and crystallizing device is connected with the inlet of the sodium sulfate melting and crystallizing device; and a condensate outlet of the sodium sulfate melt crystallization device is connected with an inlet of the reverse osmosis unit.
10. The system for low-cost purification and treatment of mine water as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pretreatment unit comprises a coagulation sedimentation tank and a quartz sand filter device, and a supernatant outlet of said coagulation sedimentation tank is connected with a water inlet of said quartz sand filter device; and a supernatant outlet of the quartz sand filtering device is connected with a water inlet of the desalting unit.
11. A low cost mine water purification treatment system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the chemical softening unit comprises one or a combination of more than one of a high density pond, a V-bank filter, a silica sand filter or an ion exchange device.
CN202020808305.6U 2020-05-14 2020-05-14 Low-cost mine water purification treatment system Active CN213085655U (en)

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