CN218129380U - Device for prolonging storage time of grains and seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high voltage power supply technical field, concretely relates to extension grain and seed save time's device. The device comprises a high-voltage pulse power supply, a plasma generator, a controller, a variable-frequency fan, a warehouse gas inlet interface, a plasma generator protection device, a gas backflow warehouse interface, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The utility model discloses a frequency conversion fan introduces plasma generator with storage warehouse's air and carries out the inner loop. The power frequency input power supply is directly converted into controllable pulse high-voltage electricity, a high-voltage electric field is formed in the plasma generator by the aid of the controllable pulse high-voltage electricity, when gas in the storage warehouse flows through the plasma generator, the high-voltage electric field directly generates plasma in the gas, and the plasma kills bacteria and viruses in the gas. After the air in the warehouse is continuously circulated for a period of time, the air sterilization of the whole grain or seed warehouse is completed.

Description

Device for prolonging storage time of grains and seeds

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a high voltage power supply technical field, concretely relates to extension grain and seed save time's device.

Background

Grain and seed storage is a big thing related to the national folk life and is a basic condition for national development and social stability.

The amount of grains and seeds stored every year is huge, and when grains are stored, if large-scale mildewing happens unfortunately, the grains and the seeds are seriously lost.

The plasma has the advantages of no chemical residue, safe operation and environment safety, and can efficiently kill pathogenic microorganisms, mould, viruses and the like. The main mechanism of the method is that active genes act, and a large number of active oxygen ions, high-energy free radicals and other components contained in plasma are easy to generate oxidation reaction with protein and nucleic acid substances in bacteria, moulds, spores and viruses to denature, so that various microorganisms die. High-speed particle breakdown effect, which is observed by an electron microscope after a sterilization experiment, images of bacterial thalli and virus particles under the action of plasma are all in a scab hole shape, and the scab hole shape is caused by etching and breakdown effects generated by electrons and ions with high kinetic energy. The action of ultraviolet ray is accompanied by partial ultraviolet ray generation in the process of exciting to form plasma, and the high-energy ultraviolet photon is absorbed by protein in microorganism or virus, so that the molecule is denatured and inactivated.

In view of this, a device for prolonging the storage time of grains and seeds by using low-temperature plasma is particularly provided.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide an extension grain and seed save time's device to solve current problem among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a device for prolonging grain and seed storage time comprises a high-voltage pulse power supply, a plasma generator, a controller, a variable-frequency fan, a warehouse gas inlet interface, a plasma generator protection device, a gas return warehouse interface, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor;

the high-voltage pulse power supply comprises a power frequency alternating current power supply, an alternating current direct current converter control circuit, 3 acquisition circuits, a pulse generation and boosting circuit and a semiconductor switch control circuit;

the power frequency alternating current power supply is respectively connected with the alternating current-direct current converter and is used for providing power frequency alternating current for the alternating current-direct current converter;

the alternating current-direct current converter control circuit is used for adjusting the output direct current VDC1 of the alternating current-direct current converter according to the signal of the controller;

the alternating current-direct current converter is used for adjusting the voltage of direct current VDC1, controlling the peak voltage of the pulse generation and boosting circuit, controlling the plasma intensity of the plasma generator and adjusting the sterilization capability;

one acquisition circuit is connected between the alternating current-direct current converter and the controller and used for acquiring the output voltage of the alternating current-direct current converter and sending the output voltage to the controller; the second acquisition circuit is connected between the plasma generator and the controller and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the plasma generator and sending the output voltage to the controller; the third acquisition circuit is connected between the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and the controller and is used for acquiring the output current of the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and sending the output current to the controller;

the pulse generating and boosting circuit is used for converting the direct current into high-voltage pulses;

the semiconductor switch control circuit is connected between the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and the controller and is used for controlling the generation quantity of high-voltage pulses, the density of plasma and the sterilization times according to signals of the controller;

the plasma generator protection device is used for providing high-voltage breakdown buffer protection for the plasma generator;

the variable frequency fan adjusts different motor rotating speeds through different frequencies, controls the retention time of gas in the plasma generator and controls the sterilization time;

the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are used for monitoring the temperature and the humidity in the plasma generator and sending the temperature and the humidity to the controller.

Preferably, the plasma generator protection device comprises a resistor R1, a diode D2 and a capacitor C2, wherein the resistor R1 and the diode D2 are connected in parallel.

Preferably, the pulse generating and boosting circuit comprises a current-limiting inductor L1, an inductor L2, a diode D1, an energy-storage capacitor C3, a pulse transformer TR1, a current sensor I1 and a power semiconductor switch VT1, wherein the positive pole of a direct current VDC1 passes through the current-limiting inductor L1 and the diode D1 to charge the energy-storage capacitor C3, and then passes through a primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 and a negative pole of the current sensor I1 to return to the VDC1, after the energy-storage capacitor C3 is charged, the power semiconductor switch VT1 is controlled to be switched on, after the switching on, a low-voltage pulse is input into the primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1, a secondary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 is boosted, and a high-voltage pulse VC2 is output.

Preferably, an air dust filter is arranged at the warehouse air inlet interface and is used for filtering dust particles or small insects in the warehouse.

Preferably, the mechanical structure of the plasma generator is a plate wire structure, a bobbin structure or a needle plate structure.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

(1) The process is simple, the operation and maintenance are convenient, the sterilization effect is good, the sterilization capacity, the sterilization times and the sterilization time can be adjusted through electrical parameters, and the plasma is generated by using electric energy-controllable pulse high voltage to directly kill bacteria in the air of the warehouse.

(2) The electric parameters can be adjusted through program software, and the warehouse temperature control system is suitable for warehouses of different sizes and warehouse storage environments with various temperatures and humidities.

(3) The reliability is high, the controllable pulse high-voltage plasma technology and microsecond pulse waveforms are adopted, and high-voltage breakdown of equipment is not easy to occur.

(4) The operation energy consumption is low-controllable pulse high-voltage plasma technology, and after the pulse is generated, the residual energy of the plasma generator is recovered through the half wave of the current. According to the available date and time period, the discontinuous working mode is efficiently realized, and the energy consumption of the system operation is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an apparatus for extending storage time of grains and seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an apparatus for prolonging the storage time of grains and seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of K1-K3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of Q1-Q2 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the voltage waveform of the plasma generator FZ1 and the resonant pulse current waveform of the primary winding of the pulse transformer TR1 in milliseconds in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a graph comparing the waveform of the single pulse voltage of the plasma generator FZ1 with the waveform of the single resonant pulse current of the primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 in nanoseconds in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution, specifically, a device for prolonging grain and seed storage time as shown in fig. 1, comprising a power frequency ac power source Vabc, an ac dc converter MT1, an ac dc converter control circuit Q1, a controller MT2, 3 acquisition circuits, a plasma generator FZ1, a pulse generation and boosting circuit and a semiconductor switch control circuit Q2, a warehouse WH1, a variable frequency fan F2, a warehouse gas inlet interface P1, a plasma generator protection device, a gas return warehouse interface P2, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor;

a power frequency alternating current power supply Vabc is respectively connected with the alternating current-direct current converter MT1 and used for providing power frequency alternating current for the power frequency alternating current power supply Vabc;

the alternating current-direct current converter control circuit Q1 is used for adjusting the output direct current VDC1 of the alternating current-direct current converter MT1 according to the signal of the controller MT2;

the 3 acquisition circuits are respectively a direct current voltage acquisition circuit K1, a pulse generation and boosting circuit current acquisition circuit K2 and a plasma generator FZ1 voltage peak value acquisition circuit K3, wherein the K1 is connected between the alternating current-direct current converter MT1 and the controller MT2 and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the alternating current-direct current converter and sending the output voltage to the controller MT2; k3 is arranged between the plasma generator FZ1 and the controller MT2 and used for collecting the output voltage of the plasma generator and sending the output voltage to the controller; k2 is connected between the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and the controller MT2 and used for collecting the output current of the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and sending the output current to the controller MT2;

the pulse generating and boosting circuit is used for converting direct current into high-voltage pulses and comprises a current-limiting inductor L1, an inductor L2, a diode D1, an energy-storage capacitor C3, a pulse transformer TR1, a current sensor I1 and a power semiconductor switch VT1, wherein the positive pole of the direct current VDC1 charges the energy-storage capacitor C3 through the current-limiting inductor L1 and the diode D1 and returns to the negative pole of the VDC1 through a primary coil of the inductor L2 and the pulse transformer TR1, the power semiconductor switch VT1 is controlled to be conducted after the energy-storage capacitor C3 is charged, low-voltage pulses are input into the primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 after the conduction, a secondary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 is boosted, and high-voltage pulses VC2 are output;

plasma generator protection device for provide high voltage breakdown buffer protection to plasma generator, including resistance R1, diode D2 and electric capacity C2, wherein, resistance R1 and diode D2 are parallelly connected, and effect is one, when plasma generator FZ1 is inside to take place high voltage breakdown flashover, pulse transformer TR1 secondary coil reverse impulse current, couple to pulse transformer TR1 primary, reverse impulse current is through inductance L2 (L2 can be transformer leakage inductance) this moment, energy storage electric capacity C3, diode D2, get into absorption electric capacity C2, provide high voltage breakdown buffer protection. Secondly, restraining the peak voltage of the VT1 end of the power semiconductor switch;

the semiconductor switch control circuit Q2 is connected between the pulse generating and boosting circuit and the controller MT2 and is used for adjusting the pulse voltage frequency of the pulse generating and boosting circuit according to the signal of the controller MT2 so as to control the density of generated plasma;

the warehouse WH1 is connected with a plasma generator FZ1 and used for storing grains or seeds.

An air dust filter F1 is arranged at an optimal gas return warehouse interface P2 and used for filtering dust particles or small insects in a warehouse WH1, a variable frequency fan F2 is connected with a controller MT2, and the MT2 sends a control signal TS1 to the variable frequency fan so as to control the discontinuous operation to be controlled according to date and time periods.

Preferably, the mechanical structure of the plasma generator FZ1 is a plate line structure, a wire cylinder structure or a needle plate structure, and the pulsed high voltage forms plasma inside the plasma generator FZ1 to kill bacteria and viruses in the inflow gas.

The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, first, the variable frequency fan F2 is operated to provide the motive power for the warehouse air flow. Grain or seed warehouse WH 1's air flows into air dust filter F1 from warehouse gas backward flow warehouse interface P2, and dust granule or the small insect in the warehouse are filtered to air dust filter F1, and the air after the filtration flows into plasma generator FZ1, and plasma generator FZ1 mainly uses pulse high pressure to produce plasma and eliminate bacterium and virus in the warehouse air, and after the air sterilization, through frequency conversion fan F2, the gaseous interface P1 that gets into of warehouse again. After the air in the warehouse continuously circulates for a period of time from the air backflow warehouse interface P2 to the air entering warehouse interface P1, the air sterilization of the whole grain or seed warehouse WH1 is completed. The system is put into operation according to a certain time period, so that harmful bacteria in the air of the warehouse can be periodically eliminated, meanwhile, the bacteria can be inhibited from being spread through the air, and the storage time of grains and seeds in the warehouse is prolonged.

As shown in fig. 2, the pulsed high voltage generates plasma, which is converted by an ac-dc converter MT1 after being connected to a power-frequency ac power source Vabc, and outputs a dc power VDC1, where C1 is a dc filter capacitor. The positive electrode of direct current VDC1 charges an energy storage capacitor C3 through a current-limiting inductor L1 and a diode D1, and then returns to the negative electrode of the VDC1 through an inductor L2 (L2 can be a transformer leakage inductor), a primary coil of a pulse transformer TR1 and a current sensor I1. The energy storage capacitor C3, the inductor L2 (L2 can be a transformer leakage inductor), a primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 and the power semiconductor switch VT1 form a pulse discharge loop. After the energy storage capacitor C3 is charged, the power semiconductor switch VT1 can be controlled to be turned on (generally, the on-time is less than 10 microseconds), the primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 inputs a low-voltage pulse after being turned on, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 boosts the voltage, and a high-voltage pulse VC2 is output. The high-voltage pulse VC2 generates a high-voltage electric field in the plasma generator FZ1, the high-voltage electric field directly ionizes flowing warehouse air to generate a large amount of positive and negative ions, and plasma is formed to eliminate bacteria and viruses in the warehouse air.

And the controller MT2 automatically starts the variable frequency fan and the pulse high-voltage plasma according to the date time period of the TS1, so that a discontinuous working mode is realized efficiently, and the energy consumption of system operation is reduced.

The controller MT2 can control the on/off of the power semiconductor switch VT1 via the semiconductor switch control circuit Q2 at a fixed frequency, control the frequency of the generated pulse voltage, and control the density of the generated plasma. The controller MT2 can also automatically control the pulse frequency output according to the acquisition sensor S1 (such as warehouse gas flow and an ozone sensor), optimize the operation energy consumption and optimize the sterilization effect. The controller MT2 can also change the voltage value of the direct current voltage VDC1 through the alternating current-direct current converter control circuit Q1, control the peak voltage in the plasma generator FZ1, control the strength of low-temperature plasma, adapt to different temperatures and humidity of gas in different warehouses, prevent the reduction of gas insulation caused by different temperature and humidity of the gas, prevent high-voltage breakdown caused by the reduction of the gas insulation, and improve the working stability.

K1 The system comprises a direct-current voltage acquisition circuit, a K2 pulse generator current acquisition circuit and a K3 plasma generator FZ1 voltage peak value acquisition circuit, is connected to a controller MT2 and is used for monitoring the states of the pulse generation circuit and the plasma generator FZ1 and realizing functions of automatic control, fault protection and the like.

R1, D2, C2 constitute plasma generator protection device, effect one, when plasma generator FZ1 is inside to take place the high voltage and punctures the flashover, pulse transformer TR1 secondary coil reverse impulse current, couple to pulse transformer TR1 primary coil, reverse impulse current is through inductance L2 (L2 can be transformer leakage inductance) this moment, energy storage capacitor C3, diode D2, get into absorption capacitor C2, provide the high voltage and puncture buffer protection. And secondly, restraining the peak voltage of the VT1 end of the power semiconductor switch.

The plasma generator FZ1 is mainly used for constructing a non-uniform electric field and generating plasma by using pulse high voltage. The structure can be a plate line structure, a bobbin structure and a needle plate structure.

And the inductor L2 (L2 can be a transformer leakage inductor) and a capacitor formed by the structure of the plasma generator FZ1 form series resonance, so that the charge recovery in the plasma generator FZ1 can be realized.

The sensor signal is transmitted to the controller MT2 after being isolated and converted, so that the anti-interference capacity is improved, and a specific circuit schematic diagram is as shown in 3; Q1-Q2 are drive control circuits with photoelectric isolation, and a specific circuit schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 4.

VC1 is a voltage waveform on the plasma generator FZ1, a unipolar pulsed voltage, preferably a positive voltage, as shown in fig. 5. The controller MT2 changes the voltage value of the dc voltage VDC1 through the ac/dc converter control circuit Q1, controls the Peak voltage VC1Peak inside the plasma generator FZ1, and controls the intensity of plasma.

TS is the pulse high voltage repetition interval time, and through the work frequency regulation, the controller MT2 controls the conduction of the power semiconductor switch VT1 through the semiconductor switch control circuit Q2, controls the frequency of the generated pulse voltage, and controls the generation times of the plasma intensity.

I1 is a resonant pulse current waveform of a primary coil of a pulse transformer TR1, the voltage VC1 of the plasma generator FZ1 is charged to the maximum peak value by the first half-wave current, the charge of the plasma generator FZ1 is recovered by the second half-wave current, and VC1 is reduced to 0V.

As shown in fig. 6, VC1 is a single pulse voltage waveform, a unipolar pulse voltage, preferably a positive voltage, on the plasma generator FZ 1.

I1 is a single-resonance pulse current waveform of a primary coil of a pulse transformer TR1, and it can be seen from the figure that the first half-wave current charges the voltage VC1 of the plasma generator FZ1 to the maximum Peak value, the zero-crossing point of the current corresponds to the Peak voltage VC1Peak, the second half-wave current recovers the charge of the plasma generator FZ1, and VC1 is reduced to 0V. The first half wave current flows through the power semiconductor switch VT1 and the second half wave current flows through the anti-parallel diode of the power semiconductor switch VT 1. The pulse width for driving the power semiconductor switch VT1 by Q2 should be larger than PW, preferably just before the zero crossing of the current I1.

The utility model discloses a frequency conversion fan introduces plasma generator with storage warehouse's air and carries out the inner loop. The power frequency input power supply is directly converted into controllable pulse high-voltage electricity, a high-voltage electric field is formed in the plasma generator by the aid of the controllable pulse high-voltage electricity, when gas in the storage warehouse flows through the plasma generator, the high-voltage electric field directly generates plasma in the gas, and the plasma kills bacteria and viruses in the gas. After the air in the warehouse is continuously circulated for a period of time, the air sterilization of the whole grain or seed warehouse is completed.

The method has the advantages that: the process is simple, the operation and maintenance are convenient, the sterilization effect is good, and the electric energy-controllable pulse high voltage is utilized to generate plasma to directly kill bacteria in the air of the warehouse.

The method has the advantages that: the electric parameters can be adjusted through program software, and the warehouse temperature control system is suitable for warehouses of different sizes and warehouse storage environments with various temperatures and humidities.

The method has the advantages that: the reliability is high, the controllable pulse high-voltage plasma technology and microsecond pulse waveforms are adopted, and high-voltage breakdown of equipment is not easy to occur.

The advantages are that: the operation energy consumption is low-controllable pulse high-voltage plasma technology, and after the pulse is generated, the residual energy of the plasma generator is recovered through half wave of the current. According to the available date and time period, the discontinuous working mode is efficiently realized, and the energy consumption of the system operation is reduced.

It should be noted that, in the present application, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The related modules involved in the system are all hardware system modules or are functional modules combining computer software programs or protocols with hardware in the prior art, and the computer software programs or the protocols involved in the functional modules are all known to the technology of persons skilled in the art, and are not improvements of the system; the improvement of the system is the interaction relation or the connection relation among all the modules, namely the integral structure of the system is improved, so as to solve the corresponding technical problems to be solved by the system.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a device of extension grain and seed storage time which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-voltage pulse power supply, a plasma generator, a controller, a variable-frequency fan, a warehouse gas inlet interface, a plasma generator protection device, a gas return warehouse interface, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor;

the high-voltage pulse power supply comprises a power frequency alternating current power supply, an alternating current direct current converter control circuit, 3 acquisition circuits, a pulse generation and boosting circuit and a semiconductor switch control circuit;

the power frequency alternating current power supply is respectively connected with the alternating current-direct current converter and is used for providing power frequency alternating current for the alternating current-direct current converter;

the alternating current-direct current converter control circuit is used for adjusting the output direct current VDC1 of the alternating current-direct current converter according to the signal of the controller;

the alternating current-direct current converter is used for adjusting the voltage of direct current VDC1, controlling the peak voltage of the pulse generation and boosting circuit, controlling the plasma intensity of the plasma generator and adjusting the sterilization capability;

one acquisition circuit is connected between the alternating current-direct current converter and the controller and used for acquiring the output voltage of the alternating current-direct current converter and sending the output voltage to the controller; the second acquisition circuit is connected between the plasma generator and the controller and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the plasma generator and sending the output voltage to the controller; the third acquisition circuit is connected between the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and the controller and is used for acquiring the output current of the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and sending the output current to the controller;

the pulse generating and boosting circuit is used for converting direct current into high-voltage pulses;

the semiconductor switch control circuit is connected between the pulse generation and voltage boosting circuit and the controller and is used for controlling the generation quantity of high-voltage pulses, the density of plasma and the sterilization times according to signals of the controller;

the plasma generator protection device is used for providing high-voltage breakdown buffer protection for the plasma generator;

the variable frequency fan adjusts different motor rotating speeds through different frequencies, controls the retention time of gas in the plasma generator and controls the sterilization time;

the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are used for monitoring the temperature and the humidity in the plasma generator and sending the temperature and the humidity to the controller.

2. The device for prolonging the storage time of grains and seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plasma generator protection device comprises a resistor R1, a diode D2 and a capacitor C2, wherein the resistor R1 is connected with the diode D2 in parallel.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus is further configured to extend the storage time of the grain and seed: the pulse generating and boosting circuit comprises a current-limiting inductor L1, an inductor L2, a diode D1, an energy storage capacitor C3, a pulse transformer TR1, a current sensor I1, a power semiconductor switch VT1, a direct current VDC1 anode passes through the current-limiting inductor L1, the diode D1 charges the energy storage capacitor C3, the direct current VDC1 anode passes through the inductor L2 and a cathode of a primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 returning VDC1, after the energy storage capacitor C3 is charged, the power semiconductor switch VT1 is controlled to be switched on, a pulse of a low voltage is input to the primary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 after the switching-on, a secondary coil of the pulse transformer TR1 boosts voltage and outputs a high-voltage pulse VC2.

4. The device for prolonging the storage time of grains and seeds as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and an air dust filter is arranged at the gas inlet interface of the warehouse and is used for filtering dust particles or small insects in the warehouse.

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