CN218124738U

CN218124738U - Remote data acquisition device

Info

Publication number: CN218124738U
Application number: CN202222732696.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江抚顺; 陈晓宁; 沈浩; 孙明健; 余涛; 高艳; 李青蓉; 黄石原; 季宏强
Original assignee: Anhui University
Current assignee: Anhui University
Priority date: 2022-10-18
Filing date: 2022-10-18
Publication date: 2022-12-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a remote data acquisition device, including environment monitoring device and data upload device, environment monitoring device is the same with data upload device structure, and environment monitoring device includes MCU main control chip, 12V lithium cell, battery protection circuit, first step-down circuit and second step-down circuit, and environment monitoring device still includes the RS485 module, and the RS485 module comprises RS485 communication circuit and RS485 sensor, and data upload device still includes the GPRS communication chip; the utility model discloses a multiunit environmental monitoring device uses the built-in wiFi function of MCU main control chip to carry out the network deployment with the data upload device to realize data interchange through GPRS communication chip and host computer, the circuit of the data upload device that significantly reduces has reduced the consumption, improves information transmission's efficiency simultaneously, has also reduced the packet loss rate, increases data transmission's reliability, has the applied scene extensively, the expansibility is strong, advantage with low costs.

Description

Remote data acquisition device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a data acquisition transmits technical field, especially relates to a remote data acquisition device.

Background

Current environment acquisition system is mostly the uploading mode of single-point, when needs extensive supervision, and every point needs to be connected the wide area network and carries out uploading of data, and the hardware circuit of every device all needs the data to upload the module like this, causes hardware circuit's redundancy to and equipment cost's rising, and every device all has great consumption when carrying out data transmission through data network connection server simultaneously, consequently, the utility model provides a remote data acquisition device is in order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a remote data acquisition device, this remote data acquisition device is through using the built-in wiFi function of MCU main control chip, it carries out the network deployment through the wiFi function with data uploading device to set up multiunit environmental monitoring device, and realize data interactive with the host computer through GPRS communication chip, the circuit of the data uploading device that significantly reduces, the consumption is reduced, improve information transmission's efficiency simultaneously, the packet loss rate has also been reduced, increase data transmission's reliability.

For realizing the purpose of the utility model, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: the utility model provides a remote data acquisition device, includes environment monitoring device and data upload device, environment monitoring device is the same with data upload device structure, environment monitoring device is equipped with the multiunit, environment monitoring device includes MCU main control chip, 12V lithium cell, battery protection circuit, first step-down circuit and second step-down circuit, environment monitoring device still includes the RS485 module, the RS485 module comprises RS485 communication circuit and RS485 sensor, RS485 sensor and RS485 communication circuit electric connection and with 12V lithium cell electric connection, RS485 communication circuit and environment monitoring device's MCU main control chip serial communication connection, MCU main control chip among the environment monitoring device and the MCU main control chip among the data upload device are through built-in wiFi communication connection, the data upload device still includes the GPRS communication chip, the data upload device passes through GPRS communication chip and host computer communication connection.

The further improvement lies in that: the 12V lithium battery is electrically connected with the battery protection circuit, the first voltage reduction circuit and the second voltage reduction circuit are respectively electrically connected with the battery protection circuit, the first voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 12V-5V through the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip and is electrically connected with the GPRS communication chip, and the second voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 5V-3.3V through the linear voltage stabilization chip and is electrically connected with the RS485 communication circuit and the MCU main control chip.

The further improvement lies in that: first step-down circuit includes switch type step-down conversion chip, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, inductance L1 and power U3, switch type step-down conversion chip's pin 1 and electric capacity C2 and diode D1 electric connection ground connection, switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin and No. 3 pin merge and are connected to resistance R3 and export 5V voltage, it has resistance R2 to concatenate on switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin, no. 4 pin and No. 5 pin electricity of switch type step-down conversion chip form the return circuit and be equipped with resistance R1 on the return circuit, on switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin between resistance R2 front end and the resistance R1 rear end and 12V and the lithium cell positive pole connect with diode D2, it has electric capacity C3 and ground connection to concatenate between diode D2 and the resistance R1, switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 6 pin has concatenated inductance L1 and lithium cell electricity and ground connection and inductance L1 and the electric capacity U1 and the ground connection and the series connection of switch type.

The further improvement lies in that: second step-down circuit includes linear steady voltage chip, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, electric capacity C4 and electric capacity C5, linear steady voltage chip's No. 1 pin connect 5V voltage and with 2 pins between and have electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2, electric capacity C1 ground connection, linear steady voltage chip's No. 3 pins and No. 1 pin electricity link and form the return circuit, linear steady voltage chip's No. 5 pin output 3.3V voltage and output line have concatenated electric capacity C3 and ground connection on the line, electric capacity C3 earthing terminal and linear steady voltage chip's No. 5 pin output line have connect with electric capacity C4 and electric capacity C5 on the line.

The further improvement lies in that: the RS485 communication circuit comprises a communication chip, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a triode Q1, a capacitor C1, a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3, wherein a pin 1 of the communication chip is connected with the resistor R4 to receive external data, the resistor R1 is connected with the triode Q1 and shunted to be grounded and connected with the resistor R2, the resistor R1 receives external data, the resistor R2 is connected with external 3.3V voltage, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are connected between the resistor R2 and the triode Q1, a pin 4 and a pin 5 of the communication chip are grounded, a pin 8 of the communication chip is connected with external 3.3V voltage, the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 8 of the communication chip in series and is grounded, the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are respectively connected with the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, a rear end of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 is connected with the loop and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D1, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3 are connected with the resistor R3, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses an use the built-in wiFi function of MCU main control chip, set up multiunit environmental monitoring device and data upload device and carry out the network deployment through the wiFi function to realize data interexchange with the host computer through GPRS communication chip, the circuit of data upload device that significantly reduces has reduced the consumption, improves information transmission's efficiency simultaneously, has also reduced the packet loss rate, increases data transmission's reliability, has the application scene extensively, the expansibility is strong, advantage with low costs.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for converting 12V to 5V of the first voltage-reducing circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for converting 5V to 3.3V of the second voltage-reducing circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the RS485 communication circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the battery protection circuit of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are combined to further detail the present invention, and the present embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, and does not constitute the limitation of the protection scope of the present invention.

According to fig. 1-5, this embodiment provides a remote data acquisition device, including environment monitoring device and data upload device, environment monitoring device is the same with data upload device structure, environment monitoring device is equipped with the multiunit, environment monitoring device includes MCU main control chip, 12V lithium cell, battery protection circuit, first step-down circuit and second step-down circuit, environment monitoring device still includes the RS485 module, the RS485 module comprises RS485 communication circuit and RS485 sensor, RS485 sensor and RS485 communication circuit electric connection and with 12V lithium cell electric connection, RS485 communication circuit and environment monitoring device's MCU main control chip serial communication connection, MCU main control chip in the multiunit environment monitoring device is through built-in wiFi function and the MCU main control chip communication connection in the data upload device, data upload device still includes GPRS communication chip, data upload device passes through GPRS communication chip and upper computer communication connection.

The Internet of things card is selected as an SIM card, the SIM card is inserted into a circuit board where a GPRS communication chip is located for use, the circuit board of the GPRS communication chip is powered by 5V, direct current of more than 1A is recommended for long-time data transmission, a TTL level serial port is compatible with a 3.3V single chip microcomputer and a 5V single chip microcomputer and can be directly connected with a serial port of the single chip microcomputer, and the GPRS communication chip is connected with an upper computer through AT instructions and sends data to the upper computer.

The environment monitoring device collects environment data by connecting the RS485 sensor, and all the environment monitoring devices and the data uploading device establish networking communication by WiFi function, and all the environment monitoring devices send the collected data to the data uploading device by the wireless communication function of the WiFi function. After the data uploading device collects the data collected by each node, the data is sent to the cloud end through the GPRS communication chip through the cellular network, and the remote real-time monitoring of the environmental data is realized.

The 12V lithium battery is electrically connected with a battery protection circuit, the battery protection circuit is shown in the figure 5 in the specification, and 8205A in the figure is an N-channel enhancement type power MOSFET. The maximum current is also 6A, the withstand voltage is 20V, and the on-resistance is 28 milliohms. In the process that the protective plate of the 12V lithium battery discharges outwards, the two electronic switches in 8205A are equivalent to two resistors with very small resistance and are called as the conduction internal resistance of 8205A, and the voltage applied to the G electrode actually directly controls the conduction resistance of each switching tube to be very small (dozens of milliohms) when the voltage of the G electrode is greater than 1V, which is equivalent to the switch closure; when the G voltage is less than 0.7V, the on internal resistance of the switch tube is large (several M omega), which is equivalent to the switch off. The voltage UA is the voltage generated by the on-resistance of 8205A and the discharge current, and when the load current increases, UA increases inevitably, UA can indicate the magnitude of the discharge current indirectly, and when the load current rises to 0.2V, the load current is considered to reach the limit value, so that the output voltage of the 1 st pin is stopped, the voltage of the 1 st pin is changed into 0V, the discharge control tube in 8205A is closed, the discharge loop of the battery cell is cut off, and the discharge control tube is closed. In other words, the maximum current allowed to be output by the DW01 is 3.3A, and overcurrent protection is realized.

When the battery is discharged through an external load, the voltage of the battery is slowly reduced, meanwhile, the voltage of the battery is monitored in real time through an R1 resistor inside the DW01, when the voltage of the battery is reduced to about 2.3V, the DW01 considers that the voltage of the battery is in an overdischarge voltage state, the output voltage of the 1 st pin is immediately cut off, the voltage of the 1 st pin is changed to 0V, a switch tube in 8205A is closed because the 5 th pin has no voltage, at the moment, the negative electrode of the battery and the negative electrode discharge end of the protection board are in a cut-off state, namely, a discharge loop of the battery is cut off, the battery stops discharging, and the protection board is in an overdischarge state and is kept all the time.

The first voltage reduction circuit and the second voltage reduction circuit are respectively electrically connected with the battery protection circuit, the first voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 12V-5V through the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip and is electrically connected with the GPRS communication chip, and the second voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 5V-3.3V through the linear voltage stabilization chip and is electrically connected with the RS485 communication circuit and the MCU main control chip.

The first voltage reduction circuit comprises a switch type voltage reduction conversion chip, a diode D1, a diode D2, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, an inductor L1 and a power supply U3, as shown in the attached drawing 2 of the specification, a pin 1 of the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip, the capacitor C2 and the diode D1 are electrically connected and grounded, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip are connected to the resistor R3 in a combined mode and output 5V voltage, a pin 2 of the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip is connected with the resistor R2 in a series mode, a pin 4 and a pin 5 of the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip are electrically connected to form a loop, the resistor R1 is arranged on the loop, a pin 6 of the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip is connected with a front end of the inductor L1 in series and a front end of the inductor L1 are connected with a lithium battery in parallel mode and a 12V lithium battery anode is connected with the diode D2 in parallel and grounded, a diode D2 is connected with a resistor R1 in series and a capacitor C3 in parallel and a power supply U1.

A No. 2 pin of the chip is used as the input of a power supply, and is connected with a 12V lithium battery through a wiring terminal and a diode D2 for absorbing surge voltage; the No. 4 pin is a chip enabling pin, and the chip works when the input is high level, so that the chip is connected with a resistor and then is connected with a power supply to keep a normally open state; a linear voltage stabilizer is arranged in the No. 5 pin and supplies power to a logic circuit in the chip; the No. 1 pin is used for mode selection and is directly grounded; the No. 6 pin is PWM output, and meanwhile, the voltage output by the No. 6 pin is connected to the No. 1 pin through a capacitor C2 to form a bootstrap boosting network and generate a high voltage to drive an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube in the chip; the No. 3 pin is voltage feedback, the output voltage is connected to the No. 3 pin after voltage division, and the output voltage can be modified by modifying the values of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, so that the desired output voltage is obtained.

The second voltage reduction circuit comprises a linear voltage stabilization chip, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5, as shown in the attached drawing 3 of the specification, a pin 1 of the linear voltage stabilization chip is connected with a 5V voltage and connected with the pin 2 in parallel with the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, the capacitor C1 is grounded, a pin 3 of the linear voltage stabilization chip is electrically connected with the pin 1 to form a loop, a pin 5 of the linear voltage stabilization chip outputs a 3.3V voltage and an output line is connected with the capacitor C3 in series and grounded, and a grounding end of the capacitor C3 and an output line of the pin 5 of the linear voltage stabilization chip are connected with the capacitor C4 and the capacitor C5 in parallel.

The RS485 communication circuit comprises a communication chip, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a triode Q1, a capacitor C1, a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3, as shown in the attached drawing 4 of the specification, the No. 1 pin of the communication chip is connected with the resistor R4 to receive external data, the resistor R1 is connected with the triode Q1 and shunted to be grounded and connected with the resistor R2, the resistor R1 receives external data, the resistor R2 is connected with external 3.3V voltage, the No. 2 pin and the No. 3 pin of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are connected between the resistor R2 and the triode Q1, the No. 4 pin and the No. 5 pin of the communication chip are grounded, the No. 8 pin of the communication chip is connected with external 3.3V voltage, the capacitor C1 is connected with the No. 8 pin end of the communication chip in series and grounded, the No. 6 pin and the No. 7 pin of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are respectively connected with the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, the loop is connected with the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3 are connected with the resistor R1, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode.

RXD connects the resistor R1 to the RO end of the communication chip, wherein the resistor R1 is used for limiting current and protecting pins; the size of the resistor R4 can be selected from 330 ohms, 470 ohms, 560 ohms and 1K; the resistor R2, the resistor R1 and the NPN transistor Q1 form a typical transistor switching circuit. The NPN triode Q1 is conducted at a high level, when the TXD is conducted at a high level, the triode is conducted, the pin RE of the pin 2 and the pin DE of the pin 3 are grounded, and the receiving mode is entered.

When the TXD is at a low level, the triode is cut off, the No. 2 pin RE and the No. 3 pin are connected with a high level, and the transmitting mode is entered. The capacitor C1 is a power supply bypass capacitor and is used for providing a clean power supply for the communication chip so as to enable the communication chip to stably work; the type of the used bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode is SMAJ6.5CA, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode has the function of restraining the voltage of the No. 6 pin A and the No. 7 pin B to the ground and the voltage between the No. 6 pin A and the No. 7 pin B to be within 6.5V so as to protect a communication chip.

The data is transmitted by using a TXD pin of the singlechip, for example, the data 0x55 is to be transmitted, the binary system is written into 0x01010101, and the TXD pin sequentially represents 1 and 0 by high and low levels.

When the TXD transmits 0, the triode is not conducted, the No. 3 pin DE is connected with a high level, the communication chip enters a transmission mode, the level of the No. 4 pin DI is reflected to the No. 6 pin A and the No. 7 pin B to be output, and the No. 4 pin DI is already grounded, so that the No. 6 pin A and the No. 7 pin B can transmit 0; pin number 6a and pin number 7B transmit 0 when TXD transmits 0.

When the TXD sends 1, the triode Q1 is conducted, the pin RE No. 2 is connected with low level, the receiving mode is entered, the pin A No. 6 and the pin B No. 7 of the communication chip enter a high-impedance state, because the pin A No. 6 is pulled high by the resistor R6, and the pin B No. 7 is pulled low by the resistor R5, the transmission of the pin A No. 6 and the pin B No. 7 is 1. When TXD transmits 1, pin No. 6a and pin No. 7B transmit 1.

And a data receiving process: in the process of receiving data, the TXD pin is always kept at a high level, when the TXD is at a high level, the pin RE 2 is at a low level and is just conditioned to a receiving state, and then the pin RO 1 of the communication chip (i.e., the pin connected to the RXD) will reflect the data transmitted from the pin a 6 and the pin B7.

The MCU main control chip adopts an ESP32 chip which integrates Wi-Fi, traditional Bluetooth and low-power Bluetooth functions, and the Wi-Fi supports extremely large-range communication connection and also supports direct connection with the Internet through a router; bluetooth may allow a user to connect to a cell phone or broadcast a Bluetooth LE Beacon to facilitate signal detection.

MCU main control chip contains ESP32 module, type-C interface, CH340 module, automatic download circuit and serial ports pilot lamp. When the program is burnt to the singlechip when needs, only need link to each other circuit board and computer with a Type-C Type data line, can download the program to main control module also can exert 5V power supply to the singlechip through connecting Type-C Type data line. The serial port indicator light can reflect that the single chip microcomputer is transmitting data or receiving data when the single chip microcomputer is in serial port communication. It also has a reset button to facilitate manual reset. And finally, adding two 19-pin headers, leading all IO ports of the singlechip out, and connecting the main control module with other modules in a pin header form.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the general principles, features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A remote data acquisition device, characterized by: including environment monitoring device and data upload device, environment monitoring device is the same with data upload device structure, environment monitoring device is equipped with the multiunit, environment monitoring device includes MCU main control chip, 12V lithium cell, battery protection circuit, first buck circuit and second buck circuit, environment monitoring device still includes the RS485 module, the RS485 module comprises RS485 communication circuit and RS485 sensor, RS485 sensor and RS485 communication circuit electric connection and with 12V lithium cell electric connection, the MCU main control chip serial ports communication connection of RS485 communication circuit and environment monitoring device, MCU main control chip among the environment monitoring device and the MCU main control chip among the data upload device are through built-in wiFi communication connection, the data upload device still includes GPRS communication chip, the data upload device passes through GPRS communication chip and host computer communication connection.

2. The remote data acquisition device of claim 1, wherein: the 12V lithium battery is electrically connected with the battery protection circuit, the first voltage reduction circuit and the second voltage reduction circuit are respectively electrically connected with the battery protection circuit, the first voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 12V-5V through the switch type voltage reduction conversion chip and is electrically connected with the GPRS communication chip, and the second voltage reduction circuit is used for reducing the voltage by 5V-3.3V through the linear voltage stabilization chip and is electrically connected with the RS485 communication circuit and the MCU main control chip.

3. A remote data acquisition device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: first step-down circuit includes switch type step-down conversion chip, diode D1, diode D2, resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, electric capacity C1, electric capacity C2, electric capacity C3, inductance L1 and power U3, switch type step-down conversion chip's pin 1 and electric capacity C2 and diode D1 electric connection ground connection, switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin and No. 3 pin merge and are connected to resistance R3 and export 5V voltage, it has resistance R2 to concatenate on switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin, no. 4 pin and No. 5 pin electricity of switch type step-down conversion chip form the return circuit and be equipped with resistance R1 on the return circuit, on switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 2 pin between resistance R2 front end and the resistance R1 rear end and 12V and the lithium cell positive pole connect with diode D2, it has electric capacity C3 and ground connection to concatenate between diode D2 and the resistance R1, switch type step-down conversion chip's No. 6 pin has concatenated inductance L1 and lithium cell electricity and ground connection and inductance L1 and the electric capacity U1 and the ground connection and the series connection of switch type.

4. A remote data acquisition device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the second voltage reduction circuit comprises a linear voltage stabilization chip, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5, wherein a pin 1 of the linear voltage stabilization chip is connected with a 5V voltage and a pin 2, the pin is connected with the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, the capacitor C1 is grounded, a pin 3 of the linear voltage stabilization chip is electrically connected with the pin 1 to form a loop, a pin 5 of the linear voltage stabilization chip outputs a 3.3V voltage and an output line is connected with the capacitor C3 in series and is grounded, and a pin 5 of the capacitor C3 grounding end and the linear voltage stabilization chip are connected with the capacitor C4 and the capacitor C5 in parallel.

5. A remote data acquisition device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the RS485 communication circuit comprises a communication chip, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a triode Q1, a capacitor C1, a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3, wherein a pin 1 of the communication chip is connected with the resistor R4 to receive external data, the resistor R1 is connected with the triode Q1 and shunted to be grounded and connected with the resistor R2, the resistor R1 receives external data, the resistor R2 is connected with external 3.3V voltage, a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are connected between the resistor R2 and the triode Q1, a pin 4 and a pin 5 of the communication chip are grounded, a pin 8 of the communication chip is connected with external 3.3V voltage, the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 8 of the communication chip in series and is grounded, the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the communication chip are electrically connected to form a loop and are respectively connected with the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, a rear end of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 is connected with the loop and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D2 and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D1, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3 are connected with the resistor R3, and the bidirectional voltage stabilizing diode D3.