CN218103083U - PVT photovoltaic heating system - Google Patents

PVT photovoltaic heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN218103083U
CN218103083U CN202222352117.9U CN202222352117U CN218103083U CN 218103083 U CN218103083 U CN 218103083U CN 202222352117 U CN202222352117 U CN 202222352117U CN 218103083 U CN218103083 U CN 218103083U
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heat
water tank
pvt
tank
photovoltaic
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高敏
闫芳
赵维伟
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Shandong Linuo Paradigma Co Ltd
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Shandong Linuo Paradigma Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

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Abstract

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a PVT photovoltaic heating system is provided, the adopted photovoltaic direct current heating technology is matched with photovoltaic heat collection, the PVT heat collector can supply heat relatively independently, the temperature of the heating water can reach the use requirement, photovoltaic power generation is fully utilized, the conversion link of the photovoltaic power generation system is reduced, the direct conversion efficiency of the system is improved, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved; the heat collection water tank is provided with a water replenishing pipe and is communicated with the constant temperature water tank through a circulation pipeline between the water tanks, and a direct current heating pipe is assembled in the constant temperature water tank and is electrically connected to the photovoltaic direct current cable; the constant temperature water tank is connected with a universal thermal terminal through a thermal pipeline.

Description

PVT photovoltaic heating system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a PVT photovoltaic heat utilization technique of Photovoltaic (PV) and light and heat (PT) integration belongs to new forms of energy photoelectricity light and heat integration application, concretely relates to PVT photovoltaic heating system.
Background
At present, under the requirement of a double-carbon target, each boundary faces the pressure of carbon emission reduction. Solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal are main application forms of renewable energy sources and are widely applied, but the two applications occupy space when being installed, and certain conflict exists. And the solar photovoltaic power generation has technical bottlenecks, such as low power generation efficiency, prominent heating phenomenon (power generation efficiency is reduced along with temperature rise and system service life is accelerated to age), and single energy output of solar energy photo-heat (only heat energy). Therefore, in recent years, the PV/T technology is rapidly developed in China, the PV/T technology is combined with the original photovoltaic cell and solar heat collection technology, the PVT heat collector is the most typical PVT heat collector, the PVT heat collector is compact in structure and comprises a photovoltaic module and a heat exchange runner, the photovoltaic module is composed of a plurality of conventional photovoltaic cell pieces, the heat exchange runner is composed of a plurality of heat collection tubes, the heat exchange runner and the photovoltaic module are integrally designed and fixed on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the structure is compact. When the solar energy is converted into the electric energy, the cooling medium in the heat collection assembly takes away the heat generated by the battery for utilization, and meanwhile, two energy benefits of electricity and heat are generated, so that multiple functions of one machine are realized, and the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the solar energy is greatly improved.
If the PVT technology can be applied to a solar heating system, a lot of energy can be saved, although a photovoltaic heating system is utilized in the prior art, the technical problem is that the PVT heat collector cannot independently supply heat because the back of the photovoltaic module generates waste heat in the power generation process, so that the surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is increased, the temperature in summer is 60-70 ℃ at most, and the temperature in other three seasons is 50-60 ℃ at most. The PVT heat collector utilizes waste heat generated in the photovoltaic power generation process to exchange heat through the heat exchange flow channel, generally only can heat water to about 40-45 ℃, and hot water at a heat utilization terminal is generally at least 55 ℃, so that the PVT heat collector can not directly supply heat even under the condition of sufficient illumination, and needs to be matched with a heat pump or a solar heat collector system for use, for example, a heat supply system combining a PVT heat pump and a water source heat pump disclosed in the utility model (patent number CN 202121906999.8) is a technology combining the heat pump and the PVT heat collector. However, this inevitably increases the cost and the overall structure is complicated. Another problem is that the photovoltaic power generation and the photovoltaic heat collection are separately utilized, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation needs to be converted by an inverter or a storage battery before being used, energy loss exists in the conversion process of the electric energy, and the structure is relatively complex, so that the utilization of the light energy is insufficient.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a PVT photovoltaic heating system, the photovoltaic direct current heating technology cooperation photovoltaic thermal-arrest of adoption can make the relatively independent heat supply of PVT heat collector, and the heating water temperature can reach the operation requirement, and make full use of photovoltaic power generation reduces photovoltaic power generation system conversion link, has improved system's direct conversion efficiency, has improved solar energy utilization.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a PVT photovoltaic heating system comprises a PVT heat collector, a heat collection water tank and a constant temperature water tank, wherein the electric energy output end of a PVT assembly of the PVT heat collector is connected with a photovoltaic direct current cable, and the heat collection water tank is supplied with heat through a heat collection circulating pipeline at the inlet and the outlet of a heat exchange flow passage of the PVT heat collector;
the heat collection water tank is provided with a water replenishing pipe and is communicated with the constant temperature through a circulation pipeline between the water tanks
The constant-temperature water tank is internally provided with a direct-current heating pipe, and the direct-current heating pipe is electrically connected to the photovoltaic direct-current cable;
the constant-temperature water tank is connected with a universal heat terminal through a heat pipeline.
The heat collecting device further comprises a heat exchanger, wherein the inlet and the outlet of a heat exchange flow channel of the PVT heat collector are communicated with one side of the heat exchanger through a heat collecting circulation pipeline, and the other side of the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat collecting water tank through a heat exchange circulation pipeline.
Furthermore, a water level sensor and a temperature sensing probe are arranged in the heat collection water tank and the constant temperature water tank.
Furthermore, an alternating-current heating pipe is assembled in the constant-temperature water tank.
Furthermore, the circulation pipeline between the water tanks comprises a tank inlet pipeline and a tank outlet pipeline, a circulation pump between the water tanks is arranged on the tank inlet pipeline, one end of the tank inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower portion of the heat collecting water tank and the other end of the heat collecting water tank is communicated with the upper portion of the constant temperature water tank, and one end of the tank outlet pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the heat collecting water tank and the other end of the heat collecting water tank is communicated with the upper portion of the constant temperature water tank.
Furthermore, an expansion tank and an automatic exhaust valve are arranged on the heat collection circulating pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model the beneficial effect who gains as follows:
1. under the illumination condition, the heat exchange flow channel of the PVT heat collector exchanges heat into the heat collection water tank through the heat collection circulating pipeline, water in the heat collection water tank is heated, heat generated in the power generation process of the PVT assembly can be taken away, the overheating phenomenon of the assembly is effectively avoided, the surface temperature of the PVT assembly is effectively reduced, and the electric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic assembly is further improved; direct current generated by power generation of the PVT component is directly used for heating water in the constant-temperature water tank through the direct current heating pipe;
when the water temperature in the heat collection water tank is higher than the water temperature of the constant temperature water tank and exceeds a certain temperature difference, the water passes through the circulating pipe between the water tanks
The heat in the heat collection water tank is circulated into the constant-temperature water tank, so that the hot water in the constant-temperature water tank is conveniently and rapidly heated to a heat utilization standard through the direct-current heating pipe;
the utility model has the advantages that the PVT heat collectors can supply heat relatively independently, the temperature of the heating water can reach the use requirement, photovoltaic power generation is fully utilized, energy conversion is not needed through an alternating current inverter or a storage battery, the conversion link of a photovoltaic power generation system is reduced, the direct conversion efficiency of the system is improved, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved;
2. when the water level in the constant-temperature water tank is too low, hot water in the heat collection water tank is transferred into the constant-temperature water tank through the circulation pipeline between the water tanks, so that sufficient hot water is ensured to be in the constant-temperature water tank, and continuous heat supply is realized;
3. when the heat provided by the PVT heat collector is insufficient, the alternating-current heating pipe can heat the water in the constant-temperature water tank by using alternate-peak commercial power, so that the water temperature is kept constant.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the PVT photovoltaic heating system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the system comprises a PVT heat collector, 2, a constant-temperature water tank, 3, a heat collection water tank, 4, a heat collection circulation pipeline, 5, an expansion tank, 6, a heat exchanger, 7, a heat exchange circulation pipeline, 8, a circulation pipeline between the water tanks, 9, a heat utilization pipeline, 10, a photovoltaic direct-current cable, 11, a water replenishing pipe, 12, a water inlet electromagnetic valve, 13, an automatic exhaust valve, 14, a water level sensor, 15, a temperature sensing probe, 16, an alternating-current heating pipe, 17 and a direct-current heating pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown and described, and in which it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely illustrative of some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a PVT photovoltaic heating system, which mainly comprises a PVT heat collector 1, a constant temperature water tank 2, a heat collection water tank 3, a heat collection circulation pipeline 4, an expansion tank 5, a heat exchanger 6, a heat exchange circulation pipeline 7, an inter-tank circulation pipeline 8, a heat utilization pipeline 9, a photovoltaic direct current cable 10, a water replenishing pipe 11, a water inlet electromagnetic valve 12, an automatic exhaust valve 13 and the like, wherein circulating pumps are arranged on the heat collection circulation pipeline 4, the heat exchange circulation pipeline 7, the inter-tank circulation pipeline 8 and the heat utilization pipeline 9.
The PVT heat collector 1 provides electric energy and heat energy, and the PVT heat collector comprises a PVT assembly and a heat exchange flow channel, wherein the PVT assembly comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells in a serial and parallel connection mode. In the embodiment, the electric energy output end of the PVT component is connected with the photovoltaic direct current cable 10, the PVT component generates electricity to generate electric energy, and the electric energy is connected in series and in parallel through the MC4 connector and converged on the photovoltaic direct current cable 10; the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange flow passage are communicated with the heat exchanger through the heat collection circulating pipeline 4, the heat exchanger 6 can be a plate heat exchanger, a sleeve type heat exchanger, a jacketed type heat exchanger and the like, and the heat exchange structure and the type are not limited. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, and the other side of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with the heat collecting water tank 3 through a heat exchange circulating pipeline 7. Therefore, heat generated by the PVT component is supplied to the heat collecting water tank 3 through the circulating medium in the heat exchange flow channel, the phenomenon of overheating of the PVT component is effectively avoided, and the electric conversion efficiency of the PVT component is improved.
The water replenishing pipe 11 is communicated with the side wall of the heat collecting water tank 3 through a water inlet electromagnetic valve 12, and the water replenishing pipe 11 is communicated with tap water and is used for replenishing water to the heat collecting water tank 3 in time. A water level sensor 14 and a temperature sensing probe 15 are respectively arranged in the heat collecting water tank 3 and the constant temperature water tank 2 and are respectively used for detecting the internal water level and the water temperature. The heat collecting water tank 3 is communicated with the constant temperature water tank 2 through a circulation pipeline 8 between the water tanks, the circulation pipeline 8 between the water tanks comprises a tank inlet pipeline and a tank outlet pipeline, a circulation pump P3 is arranged on the tank inlet pipeline, and one end of the tank inlet pipeline is communicated with the lower part of the heat collecting water tank 3, and the other end of the tank inlet pipeline is communicated with the upper part of the constant temperature water tank 2. One end of the box outlet pipeline is communicated with the position, close to the top end, of the upper part of the heat collection water tank 3, and the other end of the box outlet pipeline is communicated with the position, close to the top end, of the upper part of the constant temperature water tank 2.
An alternating current heating pipe 16 and a direct current heating pipe 17 are assembled in the constant temperature water tank 2, the direct current heating pipe 17 is arranged at the lower part of the constant temperature water tank 2 and connected with the photovoltaic direct current cable 10, and direct current generated by the photovoltaic direct current cable 10 is used for directly heating water in the constant temperature water tank 2. The alternating-current heating pipe 16 is arranged at the middle lower part of the constant-temperature water tank 2, when the temperature is lower than the set temperature under the condition of no illumination, the alternating-current heating pipe 16 connected with the commercial power is used for heat supplement, and the constant-temperature water tank 2 is connected with a thermal terminal through the heat pipeline 9.
Only by the heat transfer runner heat of PVT heat collector can only heat water to about 40-45 ℃, and can heat water to 100 ℃ through direct current heating pipe, and with the hot water temperature that hot terminal needs not be less than 55 ℃, in order to make PVT photovoltaic heating system independently supplies heat, its specific working process as follows:
a temperature sensing probe is arranged at the highest point of the heat collection circulation pipeline and used for obtaining the outlet temperature T1 of the PVT heat collector, the temperature sensing probe in the heat collection water tank obtains the water temperature T2, and the temperature sensing probe in the constant temperature water tank obtains the water temperature T3;
when T1-T2 is more than 8 ℃ (can be set) and T2 is less than or equal to 75 ℃ (can be set), the circulating pump P1 on the heat collection circulating pipeline and the circulating pump P2 on the heat exchange circulating pipeline are simultaneously opened, when T1-T2 is less than or equal to 4 ℃ (can be set) or T2 is more than 75 ℃ (can be set), the circulating pump P1 on the heat collection circulating pipeline and the circulating pump P2 on the heat exchange circulating pipeline are simultaneously closed, the circulation is repeated, and water in the heat collection water tank is heated through the heat collection circulating pipeline.
In the heat collection circulation process of the system, an expansion tank 2 is connected on a heat collection circulation pipeline, pressure imbalance caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold in the operation process of the PVT heat collector is eliminated, and meanwhile, an automatic exhaust valve is arranged at the highest point of the heat collection circulation pipeline to ensure stable operation of the system;
when T2-T3 is more than 8 ℃ (settable), the circulating pump P3 on the circulating pipeline between the water tanks is started, the hot water in the heat collecting water tank is transferred into the constant temperature water tank to lift the water temperature in the constant temperature water tank, and when T2-T3 is less than or equal to 4 ℃ (settable), the circulating pump P3 on the circulating pipeline between the water tanks is closed.
Photovoltaic direct current heating: direct current generated by power generation of the PVT component is directly used for heating water in the constant-temperature water tank through the direct current heating pipe, and when T3 is less than or equal to 75 ℃ (the temperature can be set), direct current generated by the photovoltaic direct current cable is used for directly heating water in the constant-temperature water tank; when T3 is larger than 75 ℃ (can be set), the photovoltaic direct-current cable is disconnected from the direct-current heating pipe, and the direct-current heating pipe stops heating.
Auxiliary heating: when T3 is less than or equal to 75 ℃ (can be set) in a set time period (generally in the case of no illumination), the alternating-current heating pipe heats the water in the constant-temperature water tank by commercial alternating current. When T3 is more than 75 ℃ (can be set), the heating of the alternating-current heating pipe is stopped.
And (3) heat supply operation: and (4) supplying heat by using a circulating pump P4 on the heat pipeline according to the starting and stopping conditions of the heat utilization terminal.
And (3) water replenishing of the heat collection water tank (positioning water replenishing): a water level sensor is arranged in the heat collection water tank, when the water temperature scale H1 of the water level sensor is less than or equal to 60% (which can be set), the water replenishing electromagnetic valve is opened to replenish water into the heat collection water tank, and when H1=100%, the water replenishing electromagnetic valve is closed.
Supplementing water to the constant-temperature water tank (positioning water supplement): a water level sensor is arranged in the constant-temperature water tank, when the water level scale H2 of the water level sensor is less than or equal to 60% (which can be set), a circulating pump P3 on a circulating pipeline between the water tanks is started to supplement hot water in the heat collecting water tank into the constant-temperature water tank, and when H2=100%, the circulating pump P3 is closed.
The utility model discloses make PVT heat collector relatively independent heat supply, the heating water temperature can reach the operation requirement, and make full use of photovoltaic power generation need not to carry out the energy conversion through ac inverter or battery, reduces photovoltaic power generation system conversion link, has improved system's direct conversion efficiency, has improved solar energy utilization rate.

Claims (6)

1. The PVT photovoltaic heating system is characterized by comprising a PVT heat collector, a heat collecting water tank and a constant-temperature water tank, wherein the electric energy output end of a PVT assembly of the PVT heat collector is connected with a photovoltaic direct-current cable, and an inlet and an outlet of a heat exchange flow passage of the PVT heat collector supply heat to the heat collecting water tank through a heat collecting circulation pipeline;
the heat collection water tank is provided with a water replenishing pipe and is communicated with the constant temperature through a circulation pipeline between the water tanks
The constant-temperature water tank is internally provided with a direct-current heating pipe, and the direct-current heating pipe is electrically connected to the photovoltaic direct-current cable;
the constant temperature water tank is connected with a universal thermal terminal through a thermal pipeline.
2. The PVT photovoltaic heating system of claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger, wherein the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange flow channel of the PVT heat collector are communicated with one side of the heat exchanger through a heat collection circulation pipeline, and the other side of the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat collection water tank through a heat exchange circulation pipeline.
3. The PVT photovoltaic heating system of claim 2, wherein a water level sensor and a temperature sensing probe are arranged in the heat collecting water tank and the constant temperature water tank.
4. The PVT photovoltaic heating system of claim 2, wherein an ac heating pipe is fitted inside the thermostatic water tank.
5. The PVT photovoltaic heating system according to claim 2, wherein the inter-tank circulation pipeline comprises an inter-tank circulation pump and an out-tank circulation pump, the inter-tank circulation pump is arranged on the in-tank pipeline, one end of the in-tank pipeline is communicated with the lower portion of the heat collection water tank, the other end of the in-tank pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the constant temperature water tank, and one end of the out-tank pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the heat collection water tank, and the other end of the out-tank pipeline is communicated with the upper portion of the constant temperature water tank.
6. The PVT photovoltaic heating system of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat collection circulation line is provided with an expansion tank and an automatic exhaust valve.
CN202222352117.9U 2022-09-05 2022-09-05 PVT photovoltaic heating system Active CN218103083U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222352117.9U CN218103083U (en) 2022-09-05 2022-09-05 PVT photovoltaic heating system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202222352117.9U CN218103083U (en) 2022-09-05 2022-09-05 PVT photovoltaic heating system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN218103083U true CN218103083U (en) 2022-12-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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CN (1) CN218103083U (en)

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