CN218096596U - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the water heater field, in particular to heat pump water heater. A heat pump water heater comprises a water tank, a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a throttling device, a control unit, a first heating unit, a hot water allowance sensing unit, a water flow sensing unit and an auxiliary heating device, wherein the first heating unit is connected with the water tank, and the first heating unit can be mounted in a manner that water output by the water tank can be heated; the auxiliary heating device is arranged outside or inside the water tank and is used for auxiliary heating of water in the water tank; the hot water residual sensing unit is arranged inside or outside the water tank and is in signal transmission with the control unit and used for judging the residual amount of hot water in the water tank; the water flow sensing unit is arranged on a water inlet or outlet channel of the water tank; and the control unit controls the working states of the first heating unit and the auxiliary heating device according to the hot water allowance and the signal of the water flow sensing unit.

Description

Heat pump water heater

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the water heater field, especially a heat pump water heater.

Background

The existing heat pump water heater has some problems, the volume is large, and the installation of urban users is limited; because the main machine needs to be installed outdoors, the evaporator frosts to cause the poor use in the regions with cold climate; the main machine and the water tank are integrated, but the compressor has too large power, cold air is blown, the compressor is not suitable for being placed indoors in winter, the compressor is installed outdoors, the efficiency is low due to frosting, and only the electric heating tube can be used for heating in cold weather; the heat exchange area of the evaporator and the condenser is matched with the power of the compressor, the power of the compressor is high, the area of the corresponding heat exchanger is increased in proportion, the cost is high, the heat pump water heater is suitable for small household hot water, particularly for rural use, the water consumption is low for the old people at ordinary times, and the cost for saving electricity is offset by the purchase cost for using the heat pump water heater; and the installation position of the water storage type water heater is far away from the water using end, the experience is poor, most users select the electric water storage type water heater, and the popularity of the energy-saving product of the heat pump water heater is low. In order to solve the problem, some manufacturers develop a wall-mounted air energy water heater, the capacity of a water tank is about 80 liters, a compressor of about 160W is adopted, and an electric heating pipe of about 3000W is installed in the water tank. For example, after a part of hot water in a water tank is used, if a heat pump is adopted for heating alone, the heating is too slow due to too low power, even more than 8 hours can be needed for heating a container of water in winter, in order to enable a user to have hot water available at any time, an electric heating pipe and the heat pump are only adopted for heating together, the electric heating pipe can stop heating the water temperature to above 45 ℃ at least, the old people can stop heating even to 50 ℃, and the space left for heating the heat pump alone is almost not available, which is the reason why the household heat pump water heater needs to make the compressor power large. Meanwhile, the heat pump water heater also deposits a large amount of silt, bacteria, algae and scale, and the bacteria are bred at the water temperature of the heat pump water heater, so that the water sanitation is influenced.

In order to solve the problem of current heat pump water heater, the utility model provides a new scheme solves one or more in a series of problems such as current heat pump water heater installation space restriction, installation region restriction, energy-conservation, incrustation scale, cost, has created abundant condition for the more extensive popularization of heat pump water heater even replaces other types of water heater, can make great contribution for global energy saving and emission reduction.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For solving the deficiencies of the prior water heater technology, the utility model provides a new technical scheme.

The purpose of the utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:

a heat pump water heater comprises a water tank, a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, a throttling device, a control unit, a first heating unit, a hot water allowance sensing unit, a water flow sensing unit and an auxiliary heating device, wherein the first heating unit is connected with the water tank, and the first heating unit can be mounted in a manner that the first heating unit can heat water output by the water tank; the auxiliary heating device is arranged outside or inside the water tank and is used for auxiliary heating of water in the water tank; the hot water residual sensing unit is arranged inside or outside the water tank and is in signal transmission with the control unit and used for judging the residual amount of hot water in the water tank; the water flow sensing unit is arranged on a water inlet or outlet channel of the water tank; and the control unit controls the working states of the first heating unit and the auxiliary heating device according to the hot water allowance and the signal of the water flow sensing unit.

Optionally, the auxiliary heating device includes a water flow driving device and a water flow control device, the water tank, the first heating unit, the water flow driving device and the water flow control device are connected together to form an auxiliary heating loop, the water flow driving device drives water flow to circularly heat a heat storage medium in the water tank through the first heating unit, the water flow driving device can also be used for one or more of water outlet pressurization, zero cold water circulation and automatic cleaning, and the water flow control device is used for one or more of switching a water flow path, controlling a ratio of cold water to hot water and controlling a flow rate.

Optionally, the water flow driving device and the water flow control device are installed on a hot water output path of the water heater.

Optionally, the water flow control device comprises a stepping motor and a valve, the stepping motor is connected with the control unit, and the stepping motor drives the valve to control the water flow passing through the first heating unit.

Optionally, the auxiliary heating device comprises a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is installed on the auxiliary heating loop, and the installation position and the direction of the one-way valve enable water output by the water tank to pass through the first heating unit.

Optionally, the hot water residual sensing unit includes one or more temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are installed at corresponding water level heights of the water tank, and the hot water residual is calculated according to the temperature of the corresponding water level of the water tank measured by the temperature sensors.

Optionally, the hot water residual sensing unit includes the water flow sensing unit and at least one temperature sensor, and the current hot water residual of the water tank is estimated according to data of the temperature sensor, the hot water output measured by the water flow sensing unit, and working parameters of the auxiliary heating device and the heat pump.

Optionally, the auxiliary heating device includes a second heating unit, and the second heating unit is used for heating water in the water tank.

Optionally, the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser, the throttling gear, the control unit, the first heating unit, the water flow sensing unit and the auxiliary heating device are integrated together to form a heating module, the heating module and the water tank contain an interface, and the heating module and the water tank are connected through the interface.

Optionally, the compressor, the evaporator, the throttling gear, the control unit, the first heating unit, the water flow sensing unit and the auxiliary heating device are integrated together to form a heating module, the condenser is installed inside or outside the water tank, the heating module comprises an interface with the water tank, and the heating module is connected with the water tank through the interface.

Advantageous effects

The heat pump water heater of the utility model has the advantages that the heat pump water heater can reduce the power of the compressor without influencing the normal use and the energy-saving effect through the innovative design of the traditional heat pump water heater, and the hot water output quantity is more; and simultaneously, the utility model discloses a no matter heat pump water heater does the integral type or split type, if reduce compressor power, the host computer can all be installed indoor, and indoor temperature is high, because compressor power is little, also does not influence indoor temperature basically and pleasing to the eye, so any chilly area also can use, has eliminated the region restriction. The utility model discloses still can realize one or more in functions such as self-cleaning, constant temperature play water, play water pressure boost, zero cold water circulation, hot water increase temperature increase-volume. The utility model discloses a technique uses in the heat pump water heater of traditional great power compressor, also possesses outstanding advantage equally, for example can effectively clear away the incrustation scale, and hot water is from the top down rising can provide hot water rapidly, heats advantages such as can effectively increase-volume to going out water. If a low-power compressor scheme is adopted, compared with the traditional heat pump water heater, the cost is saved, the air can be used by more extensive people, and great contribution can be made to energy conservation and emission reduction.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wall-mounted integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wall-mounted integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wall-mounted integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vertical integrated heat pump water heater

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a vertical split heat pump water heater

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a vertical split heat pump water heater

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a vertical split heat pump water heater

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the first embodiment

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a module scheme II

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the third embodiment

In the figure:

1. the system comprises a water tank 2, a compressor 3, an evaporator 4, a condenser 5, a first heating unit 6, a water flow driving device 7, a water flow sensing unit 8, a water flow control device 9, a throttling device 10, a settling device 11, a one-way valve 12, a temperature sensor 13, a water inlet end 14, a hot water extension pipe 15, a water outlet pipe 16, a heat pump host 17, a cold water spray head 18, a second water outlet pipe 19, a hot water communicating pipe 20, a cleaning spray head 21, a circulating water inlet pipe 22, a circulating water outlet pipe 23, a second heating unit 24, a water outlet end 25, a common branch 26, a heat pump module 27, an auxiliary module 28, a heat storage module 29, and a heating module

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict, and any solution that can be easily conceived by the present patent is within the scope of protection of the present patent. The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Appointing: 1. in this specification, heating portions integrated with a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a throttle device, and the like are collectively referred to as a heat pump; 2. the water flow driving device 06 includes, but is not limited to, a water pump, and for convenience in this specification, it is agreed that the water pump is equivalent to the water flow driving device; 3. the auxiliary heating and the auxiliary heat cycle heating both refer to that a heater other than a heat pump is used for heating water in an auxiliary heating water tank, the auxiliary heating comprises but is not limited to the auxiliary heat cycle heating, and when the auxiliary heat cycle heating exists, a water pump participates in the heating process. 4. The schematic drawings show the pipeline in the form of straight lines, and the pipeline in the form of a drainage pipe (for example) is drawn.

Example one

The water heater comprises a water tank 01, a compressor 02, an evaporator 03, a condenser 04, a throttling device 09, a control unit, a first heating unit 05, a hot water allowance sensing unit, a water flow sensing unit 07 and an auxiliary heating device, wherein the first heating unit is connected with the water tank, and the first heating unit can be mounted in a manner that the first heating unit can heat water output by the water tank; the auxiliary heating device is arranged outside or inside the water tank and is used for auxiliary heating of water in the water tank; the hot water residual sensing unit is arranged inside or outside the water tank and is in signal transmission with the control unit and used for judging the residual amount of hot water in the water tank; the water flow sensing unit is arranged on a water inlet or outlet channel of the water tank; and the control unit controls the working states of the first heating unit and the auxiliary heating device according to the hot water allowance and the signal of the water flow sensing unit.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment is a plurality of structural forms of a horizontal heat pump water heater, and the compressor 02, the evaporator 03, the condenser 04, and the throttling device 09 form a heat pump portion of the water heater. As shown in fig. 1, both ends of the first heating unit 05 are connected to the water tank 01 and the water outlet end 24 through other components. When the water heater supplies water to the outside, the water in the inner container enters the first heating unit 05 and then flows out through the water outlet end 24. The first heating unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit determines whether the first heating unit heats the flowing water according to requirements. The control unit is a control circuit board, and a schematic diagram of the control unit is not shown in the figure because the control circuit board is a known technology (the schematic diagram of the control unit in the application is omitted). The first heating unit 05 can adopt any type of heater, such as a resistance wire heater, a heating film heater, an electromagnetic heater, a ceramic heater, and the like.

In fig. 1 and 2, the water flow control device 08 and the water flow driving device 06 form an auxiliary heating device. The water flow path is switched by the water flow control means 08, and if the water flow control means includes a valve whose opening degree can be adjusted, the flow rate of water can also be adjusted. The water in the water tank 01 can be heated by the heating unit one 05 in an auxiliary manner by supplying power through the water flow driving device (of course, the water flow driving device can also control the flow rate, for example, the flow rate of the water pump is adjusted through voltage or frequency). The specific auxiliary heating mode is as follows: when the conditions of the water heater need to provide auxiliary heating, the water flow control device 08 switches the water flow channel, so that the first heating unit is communicated with the drain pipe 15, and the first heating unit 05 is cut off from the hot water communicating pipe 19; the water flow driving device 06 is started, and the water at the bottom of the water tank flows out of the water discharge pipe 15, the water flow control device 08 and the water flow driving device 06, then flows through the heating unit I05 for heating, and then flows back to the inner container through the hot water extension pipe 14. Because the heated hot water is injected from the top of the water tank and the density of the hot water is small and floats on the water tank, the whole water tank does not need to be heated, the auxiliary heating mode can control the heated hot water amount, the hot water can be rapidly available, and the auxiliary heating mode is completely different from the condition that the heater is arranged at the lower part of the water tank to heat the whole water tank. The water flow driving device 06 can generally adopt a direct current brushless water pump, and has small volume, high lift, large flow and long service life. Of course, other pump arrangements such as a diaphragm pump, a gear pump, a piston pump may be used, and even a motor driving a impeller device to drive the water flow, but such pumps are not ideal here. Fig. 3 uses the second heating unit 23 as an auxiliary heating device, and the second heating unit 23 is operated when the water in the auxiliary heating tank is required to be heated. The second heating unit can be installed at the bottom of the water tank like the traditional structure, and in order to achieve better energy-saving effect, the second heating unit can also be installed at a certain volume away from the top of the water tank, for example, the volume from the second heating unit to the top is 60 liters. If the water tank of the water heater is a vertical structure heating unit II which needs to be vertically installed, the position of the initial heating water level can be controlled by adjusting the length of the cold end.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the water flow driving device 06 and the water flow control device 08 are installed on a hot water output path of the water heater. When the water heater supplies water to the outside, the water in the water tank flows through the water flow control device from one or two of the hot water extension pipe 14 or the water discharge pipe 15, then enters the first heating unit after passing through the water flow driving device 06, and then flows out through the water outlet end 24. This arrangement allows the flow control means 08 to achieve a constant temperature outlet by adjusting the ratio of cold to hot water, where cold water is the water at the bottom of the tank and the bottom is quickly filled with cold water as the water heater delivers water to the outside. Meanwhile, when the pressure of tap water is insufficient, the water flow driving device can also pressurize the discharged water, and when the water flow sensing unit 07 arranged on the water inlet end 13 is started, the water flow driving device is also started to realize the pressurization of the discharged water; the water flow driving device can also realize zero cold water circulation, the zero cold water circulation is that the water flow driving device 06 is started, hot water in the suction water tank enters the external hot water pipe, cold water in the pipe flows back to the water tank through the water return pipe, and after a period of circulation, the cold water in the hot water pipe is replaced by the hot water.

As shown in fig. 1, three temperature sensors 12 are installed at the middle upper portion of the water tank to constitute a hot water remaining sensing unit, and the temperature sensors may measure the temperature of water in the water tank in a contact or non-contact manner, or may be installed inside or outside the water tank. Contact means such as thermistors, thermocouples, thermal expansion elements, non-contact means such as infrared thermometry, etc. The hot water residual quantity sensing unit can transmit signals to the control unit in a wired or wireless mode, the hot water residual quantity sensing unit is directly connected with the control unit through a wire in the wired mode, the hot water residual quantity sensing unit is provided with a transmitting device in the wireless mode, the control unit is provided with a receiving device, and the signals are transmitted through electromagnetic waves. The temperature sensors 12 convert the temperature change into a change in resistance, voltage, current, or electromagnetism, etc., depending on the type of the temperature sensor, and the control unit calculates the temperature of each temperature sensor by receiving the signal. When the size of the water tank is determined, the corresponding height position corresponds to the corresponding water quantity, the water quantity parameters corresponding to the temperature sensors are input in the program of the control unit, and the received temperature values of the corresponding water levels are combined, so that the hot water allowance of the water heater can be calculated. In fig. 2, a hot water residual quantity sensing unit is formed by one temperature sensor 12 and the water flow sensing unit 07, and the control unit obtains the temperature of the temperature sensor 12, the accumulated power consumption of the heat pump and heating unit one 05 and the parameters of the liner water flow sensing unit 07, so as to calculate the hot water residual quantity. The calculation method includes but is not limited to the following methods: when the temperature sensor 12 reaches a set value, the hot water residual quantity is the water tank capacity Qa, the hot water flow sensing unit 07 (the hot water flow sensing unit installed on the hot water extension pipe 14) measures the hot water output quantity of the water tank 01 each time and accumulates Q1+ Q2+ Q3+ \ 8230 = Qn, the heat pump and the heating unit heat the accumulated hot water quantity to be Qt, the Qt calculates the heated water quantity by heating to the water tank set temperature according to the tap water inlet temperature, and the power of the heater, the power and the efficiency of the heat pump, the heating time, the water inlet temperature and the water tank set temperature are all constant values, and the calculation is simple. The available hot water surplus is obtained by multiplying a coefficient on the value by Qa-Qn + Qt which is equal to the hot water surplus Q due to the problems of heat dissipation and hot water output rate. And when the temperature sensor at the bottom of the water tank reaches the set temperature of the water tank, clearing the data, resetting the hot water residual quantity to Qa, and circularly measuring the hot water residual quantity of the water heater. Fig. 3 shows that only one temperature sensor 12 is used to detect the hot water residual amount, and it is also possible to use, for example, a position (of course, it may be another value) that is 60-80 liters away from the water amount at the top of the hot water, and when the temperature of the temperature sensor at this position is less than a certain temperature value (for example, 30 degrees), the water heater can provide at least 60-80 liters of hot water at 45 degrees under the condition that the heating unit heats the outlet water for the second time, but this solution can only roughly measure the hot water residual amount.

The water flow sensing unit 07 of fig. 1 is mounted on the water inlet end 13 for sensing whether the water heater is supplying water to the outside, and can be mounted anywhere in the water path of the water heater as long as the purpose is achieved, such as on the water outlet end 24 as shown in fig. 2. The water flow sensing unit can adopt a Hall switch or a permanent magnet part which is matched with a reed pipe to move, can also be a water pressure switch or a differential pressure switch, can also adopt an element of ultrasonic wave or Venturi effect and other elements which can sense various forms of water flow, and is generally most commonly used or adopts the Hall water flow switch.

The water flow sensing unit 07 sends a signal to the control unit in a wired or wireless mode, and the control unit judges whether the water heater supplies water to the outside according to the information. According to the hot water allowance and the signal of the water flow sensing unit, the control unit can intelligently control the working state of the heating unit I and the auxiliary heating device. For example, when the hot water residual of the water heater is insufficient and water is not supplied to the outside, the auxiliary heating device starts to assist the heat pump to quickly heat together, and the auxiliary heating stops after the suitable hot water residual is reached, and the heat pump is used for heating alone; when water is supplied to the outside by induction, water using experience must be preferentially ensured, the work of other influences on water using is stopped, and the control unit determines whether the heating unit carries out secondary heating on the discharged water or not and controls the heating power according to the hot water allowance.

The water flow control device 08 of fig. 1 can have various schemes, such as a water flow control device using a stepping motor and a valve, and can also be composed of two electromagnetic valves, and the basic functions of the present invention are realized as long as the water path switching can be realized by adopting two electromagnetic valves which can not adjust the flow of water and the proportion of multi-path water. There are of course other ways to achieve the water flow path switching purpose. The valve can directly adopt the water mixing valve, because the usage here need not close the water just like the water mixing valve of tap, so can adopt simpler proportional valve, only need adjust from drain pipe 15 to the heating element 05 and hot water communicating pipe 19 to the proportion of this two way water of heating element can, of course, adjust the flow in arbitrary water route for zero, also at the control range of this valve. Although not necessary, the utility model can realize the constant temperature effect by adjusting the proportion of the two water flows of the hot water extension pipe 14 and the drain pipe 15. Because the water temperature at the bottom of the water tank is always lower than that at the upper part, and the bottom of the water tank is filled with cold water quickly when water is used, the proportion of the water flowing through the water discharge pipe and the water flowing through the hot water extension pipe 14 is adjusted, which is equivalent to the cold-hot water proportioning of the water mixing valve; if the water temperature of the inner container is too low and the temperature of the inner container is not reached, the valve can close the water quantity, so that constant-temperature water outlet is realized.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the above basic structure, a settling device 10 can be added, which is intended to deposit the sucked-out dirt in the device when the water flow driving device 06 circulates the water in the water tank, so that the dirt is not returned to the water tank, and to flow out with the water when the water heater is used with hot water, so as to clean the water tank. The sedimentation device can adopt a filtration mode or a baffling and vortex mode to sediment the hybrids which are higher than the water density. Of course, the leakage net can also be directly adopted, and only the leakage net can intercept large particles. If a sedimentation device is added, the water flow control device 08 and the water flow driving device 06 can also realize the function of automatic cleaning. The filter screen can also be placed in the drain pipe 15, massive scale deposit just in the drain pipe, prevent that massive scale from getting into and blocking the moving part in the rivers drive arrangement 06, also prevent that massive scale from blocking valve and gondola water faucet, only need on the drain pipe 15 installation a ball valve, regular drainage blowdown can.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a check valve 11 may be added, and a water flow sensing unit 07 may be added to the auxiliary heating water flow path. The purpose of the one-way valve is to prevent part of hot water in the inner container from directly flowing out without passing through the first heating unit, so that the part of hot water cannot be heated secondarily. If there is no check valve, only will influence some effects, can not influence the utility model discloses the realization of function. For example, when the outlet water needs to be heated for the second time, a part of hot water directly flows out, and the other part of hot water is heated for the second time through the heating unit, so long as the power selected by the heating unit is the same, the water temperature of the part subjected to the second heating is higher, and the final use effect is the same after the part subjected to the second heating is mixed with the part directly flowing out. And the proportion of the two paths of water can be controlled by designing the flow cross sections of the two paths. If the check valve is arranged, all the flowing water passes through the first heating unit, the heating temperature of the first heating unit can be only the set water outlet temperature, the temperature is lower, and the use environment of the first heating unit is more friendly. It is advantageous, but not necessary, to add a one-way valve. The additional water flow sensing unit 07 is also used to prevent the first heating unit 05 from being burned dry during the auxiliary heating, but may also be used to perform its function in other ways, such as installing a temperature controller or a temperature sensor on the first heating unit.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 3, a water flow control device 08 may be added, in fig. 1 and 2, the water flow control device 08 is a part of the auxiliary heating device, but the auxiliary heating device in fig. 3 is a second heating unit 23, and in this case, the water flow control device is not necessary, and functions to output water at constant temperature and remove dirt in the water tank. If the water flow control device 08 is not provided, the hot water extension pipe 14 directly connects the heating unit one 05 with the water flow switch 07 and the water outlet end 24 without connecting the water discharge pipe 15. The utility model discloses a partial purpose also can be realized to this kind of structure, for example can reduce the heat pump part and realize the energy-conserving effect of preferred, goes out the water increase capacity, can also realize the instant heating effect sometimes.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, a second drain pipe 18 may be added, which is located slightly above the condenser 04 and is used to drain the water in the tank during automatic cleaning (the tap water inlet needs to be shut off during automatic cleaning) so that the remaining water just does not flow through the condenser 04, so that the user can fill the tank with white vinegar or other descaling agent from the outlet, and the water heater intermittently activates the water flow driving device 06 to intermittently circulate the water, so that the scale in the heating channel, the bottom of the tank and the condenser 04 is dissolved after a while. The structure can effectively solve the problem of scale in the traditional water storage type water heater.

The detailed explanation about the partial main effects achieved by the above structure: the hot water surplus response and can go out water secondary heating to the water tank are the utility model discloses a heat pump water heater thoroughly subverts traditional heat pump water heater's key, carries on after these two characteristics, and the low-power heat pump water heater also can reach high-power heat pump water heater efficiency more or more, and has other a lot of unique advantages in addition. The control unit compares the hot water surplus with a preset value to determine whether to adopt auxiliary heating or not and whether to adopt secondary heating to the water outlet of the water tank, the preset value is generally considered to be enough for one person to shower, for example 1800 liters (60 liters by 30 degrees), if the hot water surplus value is more than or equal to the value, the water heater can adopt the heat pump to heat alone, and if the hot water surplus value is less than the value, the auxiliary heating and the heat pump are adopted to heat the water temperature to the value rapidly. This value can be set adjustable due to different habits of the individual. The secondary heating of the water outlet of the water tank is also critical, and the water outlet of the water tank can be heated to the bathing temperature without being heated to the bathing temperature by auxiliary heating, for example, the water in the water tank is heated to 30 ℃, the water with the temperature of 30 ℃ is heated to the bathing temperature by the heating unit for the second time when flowing out, and the lower the temperature of the water heater adopting auxiliary heating is, the more the energy is saved, and the enough space for the heat pump to heat is reserved. If a structure for secondarily heating the outlet water is not provided, the outlet water is inevitably heated to the bathing temperature once when electric auxiliary heat is adopted, and almost no space is reserved for the heat pump to independently heat. Therefore, adopt the utility model discloses a technique can make the heat pump water heater of miniwatt reach practical value in energy-conserving aspect, rather than just a notion like traditional miniwatt heat pump water heater, and the user has to select two sources heating during the in-service use, and is almost as good as the energy-conserving effect of a general circular telegram water storage formula water heater. By adopting the technology, the water heater compressor with 80 liters of capacity can reach about 160W, the evaporator and the condenser are correspondingly reduced according to the proportion, and the cost is greatly reduced. The heat pump part can be integrated in the water tank shell, and the volume of the heat pump part is only slightly larger than that of an electric water storage type water heater with the same volume, so that the heat pump part can be installed in small houses in cities. Because the heat pump main machine is arranged indoors, various heat sources are arranged indoors, the heat pump absorbs a small part of the heat source to be used for heating water, and the energy is saved in cold places. If the water tank with large capacity is adopted, the small-power heat pump water heater can also be made into a split type, the host which is smaller than the case of the desktop computer is installed indoors and does not influence the attractiveness, the noise is about 40 decibels, the host is almost as low as the refrigerator, the small power can not influence the indoor temperature, the north with very cold climate in winter can also be used, and the efficiency is high (due to heating). The low-power heat pump only recovers the heat energy which is originally dissipated through walls, doors and windows for hot water, and does not obviously affect the indoor temperature. By adopting the structure shown in the figures 1 and 2, when auxiliary heating is adopted, hot water is added from the top downwards, even if the volume of the water tank reaches more than 200 liters, the water can be bathed by only preheating for more than ten minutes, and the traditional heat pump water heater is not limited in relay bathing no matter how many people are but also can be bathed by heating for several hours even if the traditional heat pump water heater adopts electric auxiliary heating. In the structure shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water flow driving device 06 can also pressurize the outlet water or perform zero cold water circulation and automatic cleaning, so that the adaptability of the product is greatly improved. Of course, the compressor adopts powerful heat pump water heater, uses the utility model discloses a technique also can promote the performance greatly, also all is in the protection scope of this patent.

The scheme calculation method for the hot water residual quantity sensing unit comprising a plurality of sensors comprises the following steps: including but not limited to the following two methods: 1. a sectional calculation method is characterized in that a section parallel to the horizontal plane of a water tank is made according to the installation position of a sensor, the water temperature between the sections of two temperature sensors is based on the sensor with a lower position, the water quantity between the sections is multiplied by the water temperature to obtain a value, the value of each sensor is added to obtain the residual quantity of hot water, the sensor at the top is the volume formed by the horizontal cross section of the position where the sensor is located and the horizontal plane of the hot water in the water tank, when the geometric shape of the water tank and the position of each sensor are determined, the volume of each layer of water is determined and is directly stored in software, and the temperature value of each sensor is multiplied by the temperature value of each sensor and then accumulated; 2. the average calculation method is that the temperatures of three sensors arranged at the upper part of the water tank in the figure 1 are added, then three are divided to obtain an average value, and then the average value is multiplied by the volume (water quantity) formed by the horizontal plane of the position of the lowest sensor in the three sensors and the hot water horizontal plane in the water tank, so that the fixed value is obtained after the shape of the water tank and the installation position of the sensors are determined, the fixed value is directly stored in a software element, and the hot water residual quantity can be obtained only by calculating the average value of the three temperature sensors and multiplying the average value by the fixed value. The above hot water residual quantity can also consider a temperature threshold value, when the water temperature is lower than the temperature threshold value, the water temperature is directly set to be zero, for example, when the water temperature is 18 degrees, the proper water quantity can not be obtained under the proper temperature through the auxiliary heating of the heating unit, and the significance is not realized.

Example two

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the present embodiment is an integrated structure using a vertical water tank, and as shown in fig. 4, compared with fig. 1 and 2, the auxiliary heating device only includes a water flow driving device 06 and does not include a water flow control device 08. The auxiliary heating device can be in various schemes as long as the auxiliary heating of the water in the water tank can be realized. The auxiliary heating cycle in fig. 4 is that the water sucked from the top is heated by the first heating unit 05 and then flows back to the middle of the water tank through the one-way valve 11 (this position is not arbitrary, and the position of 60-100 liters of water from the top of the water tank is considered to be appropriate), and it has the advantage that the temperature of the upper part of the water tank is generally higher, so that the water can be heated to the applicable temperature more quickly in case of emergency water. However, this method has more disadvantages, such as the inability to remove scale, the inability to discharge water at constant temperature, etc. The water tank of fig. 4 is provided with two temperature sensors 12 for sensing temperature and sensing the remaining amount of hot water, and the method for calculating the remaining amount of hot water is the same as that described in the first embodiment. The structure of fig. 5 allows for a constant temperature outlet and effective scale removal, and the non-return valve 11 is not present and is therefore not necessary. However, in this embodiment, the water flow driving device 06 in the figure cannot perform zero cold water circulation and outlet water pressurization, and at this time, the water flow driving device can only be used in auxiliary heating cycle heating or automatic cleaning. The structure of fig. 6 is the mixed scheme of fig. 2 and fig. 1, and on the basis, the horizontal water tank is changed into the vertical water tank, which is not described again.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 7 to 9 are several kinds of schematic structural diagrams of the split type scheme of the present invention, the installation methods and functions of the first heating unit 05, the remaining amount of hot water sensing unit, the water flow sensing unit (07), the auxiliary heating device, etc. of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first two embodiments, the internal heat pump main unit 16 adopts the split structure, and the spraying and decontamination structure is additionally provided. As shown in figure 7, a cold water spray nozzle 17 is added at the top of the water inlet end 13, so that the condenser 04 and the bottom of the water tank can be flushed when water enters, and the descaling effect is improved. The split type heat pump has the advantage that in cold regions in winter, when the water tank has large capacity and needs to be installed outdoors (such as balconies and roofs), the low-power heat pump main unit can be installed indoors. Even if the transverse heat pump water heater is the same as the transverse heat pump water heater in the first embodiment, the transverse heat pump water heater can be split, because the bathroom space is small, if the bathroom door and window are too good in sealing performance and are in a closed state when being flat, warm air cannot be supplemented in time, and the efficiency of the heat pump can be influenced. The high-power heat pump main machine is unacceptable when being installed indoors, has noise and blows cold air in winter, and is large in size and not attractive. Fig. 8 differs from fig. 7 in that the outlet end of the auxiliary thermal cycle heating is moved to the top of the tank and a cleaning spray 20 is added to the outlet, when the water heater is in a cleaning mode, the water in the tank is discharged through the second water outlet pipe 18 to a position where the condenser 04 is just submerged, white vinegar or other descaling agent is added to the tank, and the water flow driving device 06 operates intermittently or continuously, and the cleaning spray can flush the entire inner wall of the tank. The water full of the water tank is not used during cleaning, the concentration of the descaling agent is mainly considered, and the edible white vinegar is more acceptable for cleaning from the aspects of user safety and psychological acceptability, and is a food after all. If the water in the water tank is added to the concentration which can effectively remove the scale, the cost of the white vinegar which is cleaned once is too large, and the addition is also troublesome. If the condenser is wound around the outside of the tank, using the tank wall for heat transfer, the tank can be completely emptied of water during cleaning. By adopting the technology of the patent, if the water tank has the large capacity of 300 liters, the compressor only needs about 280W, which is only about one sixth of the power of the traditional household heat pump water heater, and the heat exchange area of the condenser is also reduced in proportion. Fig. 9 shows a split water circulation structure, which is convenient for maintenance after sale, especially when the heat pump host is small, such as a desktop computer case, or smaller, and the heat pump host can be replaced by only removing the connectors connecting the circulation water inlet pipe 21 and the circulation water outlet pipe 22.

Example four

Fig. 10 to 12 are schematic diagrams of a fourth embodiment of this patent, a technical solution of this embodiment is to adopt a modular design based on the first three embodiments, and since other technical solutions are the same as the foregoing, only structural features related to modularization are described herein. The module structure can be a product formed by splicing two modules together, or the two modules can be separately installed. The modular type is mainly convenient for production, maintenance, after sale and installation. As shown in fig. 11, the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser, the throttling device, the control unit, the first heating unit, the water flow sensing unit, and the auxiliary heating device are integrated together to form a heating module, the heating module includes a relevant interface with the water tank (01), and the heating module is connected with the water tank through the interface.

The heating module 29 and the water tank 01 shown in fig. 11 include two corresponding ports, i.e., a drain pipe 15 and a hot water extension pipe 14, which can be directly connected or indirectly connected through a pipeline. After the two connectors are communicated, a complete water heater is formed, and the function of the complete water heater is the same as that of the previous embodiments. The water inlet end 13 of the water tank can be directly connected with a tap water pipe, and the water inlet end 13 can also be arranged on the heating module 29 and connected with the water tank. In the figure, a condenser 04 is arranged on an auxiliary heat circulation water path, and water in a water tank is driven by a water flow driving device 06 to circularly heat through the condenser. If the two modules are properly positioned, the chimney effect created by the hot water extension pipe 14 enables the water in the tank to be heated cyclically during operation of the condenser 04, and if the water volume circulated is sufficiently large, the water flow drive 06 may not be required to provide power during heating of the condenser. The condenser 04 can also be not installed on the auxiliary heat circulation water path, but directly connected with the water tank through two interfaces, the two interfaces are set to be different in height in the water tank, when the condenser releases heat, the temperature of hot water in a high pipe is higher than that of the water tank, the density is low, so that pressure difference is formed between the high pipe and the low pipe, natural circulation heating is formed, the scheme is not specially illustrated, as the structure is simple, just like a common double-liner water storage type water heater, only a heater is needed to be arranged in one liner, and the other liner is heated in a natural convection circulation mode. Other secondary heating of the outlet water by the first heating unit 05, auxiliary heating of the water tank by the auxiliary heating device consisting of the water flow driving device 06 and the water flow control device 08, a hot water sensing unit and the like are the same as the previous embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.

FIG. 12 is a heating module 29 formed by integrating a compressor, an evaporator, a throttling device, a control unit, a first heating unit, a water flow sensing unit and an auxiliary heating device; the condenser, which may be mounted in the tank as shown, or may be wound around the outer surface of the tank to heat the water in the tank by transferring heat through the tank wall, forms a thermal storage module 28 with the tank. Both modules have more condenser interfaces than shown in figure 11. The condenser is only a heat exchange tube, generally adopts stainless steel, copper and aluminum material, and stainless steel and copper pipe can be installed in the water tank, if adopt the aluminum pipe, because the corrosion resistance is not strong, generally twines the water tank outer wall.

The modularization of fig. 10 is not complete, and the main components of the heat pump, including the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser, the throttling device and the water tank, are mounted together to form a heat pump module; the control unit, the first heating unit, the water flow sensing unit and the auxiliary heating device are integrated together to form an auxiliary module 27. This scheme is mainly considered to reform transform current heat pump water heater, only needs to increase some auxiliary module on current heat pump water heater to and increase hot water surplus induction element in the water tank, the experience of promotion heat pump water heater that just can be very big. Certainly, the compressor is used as a part which is not easy to damage, the heat exchanger is only a metal pipeline, the compressor is more durable, the durable part of the part is integrated with the water tank, and the control unit, the first heating unit, the water flow sensing unit and the auxiliary heating device which are easy to break down are integrated together to be used as a small and exquisite module which is easy to replace.

The above embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive of all structures and methods, and all combinations of all aspects and any aspects that can be easily conceived by the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a heat pump water heater, includes water tank (01), compressor (02), evaporimeter (03), condenser (04), throttling arrangement (09), the control unit, its characterized in that: the water heater also comprises a first heating unit (05), a hot water residual sensing unit, a water flow sensing unit (07) and an auxiliary heating device, wherein the first heating unit is connected with the water tank, and the first heating unit can be mounted in a manner that the first heating unit can heat water output by the water tank; the auxiliary heating device is arranged outside or inside the water tank and is used for auxiliary heating of water in the water tank; the hot water residual sensing unit is arranged inside or outside the water tank and is in signal transmission with the control unit and used for judging the residual amount of hot water in the water tank; the water flow sensing unit is arranged on a water inlet or outlet channel of the water tank; and the control unit controls the working states of the first heating unit and the auxiliary heating device according to the residual hot water and the signal of the water flow sensing unit.

2. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary heating device comprises a water flow driving device (06) and a water flow control device (08), the water tank, a first heating unit, the water flow driving device and the water flow control device are connected together to form an auxiliary heating loop, the water flow driving device drives water flow to circularly heat a heat storage medium in the water tank through the first heating unit, the water flow driving device can also be used for one or more of water outlet pressurization, zero cold water circulation and automatic cleaning, and the water flow control device is used for one or more of switching a water flow path, controlling the proportion of cold water and hot water and controlling the flow.

3. A heat pump water heater according to claim 2, wherein: the water flow driving device (06) and the water flow control device (08) are installed on a hot water output path of the water heater.

4. A heat pump water heater according to claim 2, wherein: the water flow control device comprises a stepping motor and a valve, the stepping motor is connected with the control unit, and the stepping motor drives the valve to control the water flow passing through the heating unit I.

5. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary heating device comprises a one-way valve (11), the one-way valve is installed on an auxiliary heating loop, and the installation position and the direction of the one-way valve enable water output by the water tank (01) to pass through the first heating unit.

6. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the hot water residual sensing unit comprises one or more temperature sensors (12), the temperature sensors are installed at corresponding water level heights of the water tank, and the hot water residual is calculated according to the temperature of the corresponding water level of the water tank measured by the temperature sensors.

7. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the hot water residual sensing unit comprises a water flow sensing unit and at least one temperature sensor, and the current hot water residual of the water tank is estimated according to data of the temperature sensor, the hot water output quantity measured by the water flow sensing unit, the auxiliary heating device and the working parameters of the heat pump.

8. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary heating device comprises a second heating unit, and the second heating unit is used for heating water in the water tank.

9. The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: compressor, evaporimeter, condenser, throttling arrangement, control unit, heating unit one, rivers induction element, assist the integration of hot device and constitute the module that generates heat together, the module that generates heat with water tank (01) contain the interface, the module that generates heat with the water tank passes through interface connection.

10. A heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: compressor, evaporimeter, throttling arrangement, control unit, the unit that generates heat, rivers induction element, assist the integration of hot device and constitute the module that generates heat together, the condenser is installed inside the water tank or outside, the module that generates heat with water tank (01) include the interface, the module that generates heat passes through with the water tank interface connection.

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