CN218058907U - Fluidized bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses fluidized bed gasifier lime-ash cooling tank for cooling fluidized bed gasifier exhaust high temperature lime-ash, including a main jar of body, the internal cooling chamber that forms of main jar, an ash inlet channel and an ash outlet channel are formed respectively at cooling chamber upper and lower both ends, the ash-ash enters into the cooling chamber from ash inlet channel and cools off and finally discharges from ash outlet channel, a fixed mounting is at the internal separator of main jar, the separator includes draws in a piece and a guiding piece in, draw in the piece and set up top-down diameter and reduce gradually in order tending to enclose into a cone, the ash-ash is drawn in and is sprayed the cooling liquid cooling that a piece goes out by at least one first cooling liquid on drawing in a lateral wall, the ash-ash steam of production will be escaped on cooling chamber lateral wall, and gather on cooling chamber top, and finally discharge through installing in the peripheral at least blast pipe of ash-ash inlet channel, avoid the ash-ash steam to get into ash-ash inlet channel and influence fluidized bed gasifier and arrange the sediment.

Description

Ash cooling tank for fluidized bed gasification furnace

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field related to coal chemical industry, and particularly relates to an ash cooling tank of a fluidized bed gasification furnace.

Background

The clean and efficient utilization of coal is a major technical subject in the field of energy and environmental protection in China at present, and is also one of the key technologies for the sustainable development of national economy in China.

The coal can be gasified with the gasifying agent in the fluidized bed gasifier, so as to obtain the crude gas. Ash residues are generated when coal in the fluidized bed gasification furnace is subjected to gasification reaction, the ash residues are usually discharged from a slag discharge pipe at the bottom of the gasification furnace and enter a diverging pipe, the temperature of the ash residues is about 920 ℃ when the ash residues enter the diverging pipe, the temperature of the ash residues is reduced to be below 900 ℃ after heat exchange is carried out in the diverging pipe, and then the ash residues enter an ash residue cooling tank of the fluidized bed gasification furnace and are continuously cooled to be below 400 ℃.

In the prior art, the slag discharge system of the fluidized bed gasification furnace is divided into dry slag discharge and wet slag discharge. The wet-process slagging needs to receive ash slag into a chiller to be cooled and then discharge the ash slag for treatment. However, in the gasification furnace in the form of a circulating fluidized bed, the wet-process slag discharge has some obvious disadvantages, such as high temperature of cooling liquid of the wet-process slag discharge after cooling high-temperature ash, complex circulating treatment system, and difficult cooling liquid sedimentation caused by the fact that a large amount of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the ash can enter the cooling liquid, and especially, the waste liquid generated after cooling needs to be treated subsequently, which is high in cost.

Compared with wet-method slag discharge, dry-method slag discharge does not generate waste liquid and is environment-friendly, but the temperature of the slag discharged by the dry method is not easy to control, and if the cooling temperature is too low, saturated water can be separated out from the slag during cooling, so that the environment protection and the efficiency of slag discharge are influenced; and a large amount of ash steam is generated during cooling of the dry-method slag removal, and the ash steam can escape upwards and flow back into a slag discharging pipe channel of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, so that the slag discharging of the gasification furnace is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

An advantage of the present invention is to provide a fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank capable of rapidly cooling incoming high-temperature ash.

One advantage of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling tank that can precisely control the cooling temperature of the ash to ensure that no saturated water is separated out after the ash is cooled.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling vessel that cools the ash only in the area near the side walls of the cooling chamber and creates a split stream of ash steam that is discharged in time after escaping up to the top of the cooling chamber, avoiding the impact of the ash steam on the ash discharge.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling tank, wherein a cooling space into which a cooling fluid can be injected is formed on the outer wall of the interior of the main tank, thereby preventing the main tank from being overheated to ensure the safety of the main tank, and reducing the high temperature resistance required by the material of the main tank, thereby reducing the equipment cost.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an ash cooling tank for a fluidized bed gasifier, which can control the air pressure inside the main tank to be always thirty to fifty kpa lower than the pressure in the steam chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier, so that the ash in the fluidized bed gasifier can be smoothly discharged into the main tank under the action of the pressure difference, and the ash steam can hardly flow into the ash inlet channel against the pressure difference to affect the ash discharge in the fluidized bed gasifier.

To achieve at least one of the above advantages of the present invention, there is provided a fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank for cooling high-temperature ash discharged from a fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank including:

the upper end and the lower end of the cooling cavity are respectively provided with an ash inlet channel and an ash outlet channel, and a cooling cavity is formed between the ash inlet channel and the ash outlet channel;

a partition including a furling member disposed at a middle portion of the cooling chamber, the furling member forming a communication passage having a cross-sectional diameter decreasing from top to bottom;

the cooling cavity is provided with a closed channel, the closed channel is formed between the closed channel and the cooling cavity, the closed channel is communicated with the cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is provided with at least one first cooling liquid spraying piece, a first cooling liquid spraying head and a pipe fitting.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the sidewall of the gathering member is perforated with a plurality of perforations, the perforations having a diameter such that ash cannot pass through the perforations and cooling liquid is allowed to pass through the perforations.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the partition comprises a guide member, wherein the guide member extends downwardly from the furling member, the guide member forming a slag discharge passage communicating with the communication passage.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ash inlet passage extends to a predetermined distance into the cooling chamber of the main tank to form a dome-shaped space with the top of the main tank.

According to an embodiment of the invention, another first cooling liquid spraying piece is installed in the dome-shaped space formed by the ash inlet channel and the top and the side wall of the main tank, a plurality of liquid spraying openings are formed in the upper part of the second cooling liquid spraying piece, and the second cooling liquid spraying piece forms a liquid passing channel communicated with the liquid spraying openings, wherein the liquid passing channel penetrates through the main tank.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the ash cooling tank of the fluidized bed gasification furnace further comprises a second cooling liquid spraying piece, and the second cooling liquid spraying piece is arranged in the cooling cavity formed by the inner container and is positioned below the partition.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main tank is installed with at least one temperature sensing member configured to measure the temperature of the ash before being discharged from the ash outlet passage, and a controller. The controller is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing member.

According to an embodiment of the invention, at least one exhaust pipe is installed on the upper part of the main tank at the periphery of the ash inlet channel, and the exhaust pipe extends from the outside of the main tank into the dome-shaped space formed by the ash inlet channel and the top and side walls of the main tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main tank is provided with a pressure regulating assembly and a controller, the pressure regulating assembly comprises a pressure measuring member and at least one pressure regulating member mounted on the exhaust pipe, wherein the pressure regulating member is communicated with the exhaust pipe and is controllably connected to the controller.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main tank includes a housing and an inner container, wherein the inner container forms the cooling cavity, the housing is sleeved outside the inner container, a cooling space is formed between the housing and the inner container, at least one first channel communicated with the cooling space is opened at a lower portion of the housing, and at least one second channel communicated with the cooling space is opened at an upper portion of the housing.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be fully apparent from the ensuing description.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an ash cooling tank of a fluidized bed gasification furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 showsbase:Sub>A side cross-sectional view ofbase:Sub>A fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling tank according to the present invention along the central axis A-A.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a first coolant spray element according to the invention.

Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a second coolant spray element according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus the above terms are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a fluidized bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The ash cooling tank of the fluidized bed gasification furnace comprises a main tank body 10, a partition 20 and at least one first cooling liquid spraying part 30.

An ash inlet channel 101 and an ash outlet channel 102 are respectively formed at the upper and lower ends of the main tank 10, a cooling chamber 103 is formed between the ash inlet channel 101 and the ash outlet channel 102, and high-temperature ash discharged from the fluidized-bed gasification furnace enters the cooling chamber 103 from the ash inlet channel 101 to be cooled, and is finally discharged from the ash outlet channel 102.

The partition member 20, the first cooling liquid spraying member 30 and the second cooling liquid spraying member 40 are installed inside the main tank 10.

Preferably, the main tank 10 includes an outer shell 11 and an inner container 12, wherein the inner container 12 forms the cooling chamber 103. The shell 11 is sleeved outside the inner container 12 to completely wrap and protect the inner container 12.

It should be noted that a cooling space 104 is formed between the housing 11 and the inner container 12, at least one first channel 1101 communicating with the cooling space 104 is disposed at the lower portion of the housing 11, and at least one second channel 1102 communicating with the cooling space 104 is disposed at the upper portion of the housing 11.

It is particularly worth mentioning that the first and second channels 1101 and 1102 respectively pass through the inner container 12 but do not communicate with the cooling space 104. External cooling fluid can enter the cooling space 104 through the first passage 1101 to exchange heat with the wall of the inner container 12, and the cooling fluid after heat exchange can be discharged through the second passage 1102.

As a variant, the external cooling fluid may also enter the cooling space 104 through the second passage 1102 to exchange heat with the wall of the inner container 12, and the cooling fluid after heat exchange may be discharged through the first passage 1101.

It is worth mentioning that the temperature of the liner wall of the liner 12 can be kept below three hundred degrees centigrade by controlling the flow speed and/or flow of the cooling fluid, so as to ensure the safety of the equipment, and reduce the high temperature resistance required by the material of the liner 12, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment.

The dividing member 20 is fixedly installed inside the main tank 10, and the dividing member 20 includes a gathered member 21. Wherein the furling member 21 is disposed at the middle portion of the cooling chamber 103. The closing member 21 is formed in a trumpet shape and forms a communication passage 2101 in which the cross-sectional diameter of the communication passage 2101 formed by the closing member 21 of the partition member 20 positioned in the cooling chamber 103 is reduced from top to bottom. In this way, the inner wall forming the communication channel 2101 can be further used for cooling the ash steam and the contact area with the ash steam is increased, thereby enabling the ash steam to be rapidly cooled so that the communication channel 2101 is dropped down from top to bottom.

The side wall of the gathering member 21 is perforated with a plurality of perforations 2102, and the perforations 2102 are formed to have a hole diameter such that ash cannot pass therethrough and cooling liquid is allowed to pass therethrough, so that the ash falling from above the partitioning member 20 is gathered by the gathering member 21 and intensively dropped from the communication passage 2101 from the top to the bottom, and then subsequently, from the ash. That is, the communication passage 2101 of the furling member 21 can also play a role of guiding the ash to fall down due to the reduction of the sectional diameter from top to bottom.

It is worth mentioning that the communicating channel 2101 formed by the furling member 21 is opened at the upper part with a size close to the sectional diameter of the cooling chamber 103 so that the ash and ash steam entering through the ash inlet channel 101 pass through the communicating channel 2101 first.

The partition member 20 further includes a guide member 22, wherein the guide member 22 is extended downwardly by the furling member 21, and the guide member 22 forms a slag discharge passage 2201 communicating with the communication passage 2101. In this way, the ash after being collected by the collecting member 21 may continue to fall through the ash discharge passage 2201 and then may be discharged through the ash outlet passage 102.

The first cooling liquid spraying member 30 includes a spraying head 31 and a pipe member 32, and the spraying head 31 is in communication with the pipe member 32. The spray head 31 is disposed in the cooling chamber 103 and sprays a cooling liquid, preferably water, toward the outer side wall of the furling member 21 opposite to the communicating passage 2101.

The pipe 32 is extended out of the main tank 10, so that the cooling liquid from the outside flows into the sprinkler 31 through the pipe 32 to be sprinkled, thereby cooling the ash in the main tank 10.

Specifically, a liquid supply device of externally supplied cooling liquid is communicated with the pipe 32 to continuously inject the cooling liquid into the spray head 31 through the pipe 32, the spray head 31 has a nozzle capable of atomizing the injected cooling liquid, the first cooling liquid spray member 30 is arranged to spray the cooling liquid onto the side wall of the furling member 21, and the cooling liquid is sprayed onto the outer side wall of the furling member 21 opposite to the communication channel 2101 after being atomized by the spray head 31. The sprayed cooling liquid can reduce the temperature of the partitioning member 20 by heat exchange on the one hand, and on the other hand, can also pass through the through holes 2102 of the collecting member 21, and the passing cooling liquid can be carried away from cooled ash adhered to the inner wall forming the communicating passage 2101 from top to bottom by gravity, so that the ash can be effectively prevented from accumulating on the collecting member 21 to block the through holes 2102.

It will be appreciated that although the cooling fluid will exchange heat with the ash falling on the side walls of the gathering member 21 and thereby reduce the temperature of the ash, ash steam will be generated due to the contact of the cooling fluid with the ash at high temperature. However, since the first coolant spraying member 30 sprays only to the side wall of the furling member 21, the ash steam is generated only in the side wall portion of the furling member 21. These ash vapors will escape up the side walls of the main tank 10 and eventually collect on the top of the main tank 10.

The ash inlet passage 101 extends to a predetermined distance into the cooling chamber 103 of the main tank 10 to form a dome-shaped space 106 with the top of the main tank 10. It is worth mentioning that the ash inlet channel 101 is coaxially arranged with the communication channel 2101. In particular, it is mentioned that the section diameter of the ash inlet channel 101 is smaller than the section diameter of the smallest of the communicating channels 2101. In this way, after the ash vapor escapes upward along the side wall of the main tank 10, at least a part of the ash vapor accumulates in this dome-shaped space 106 without easily entering the ash inlet passage 101 to affect the slag discharge of the fluidized-bed gasification furnace.

Preferably, another first cooling liquid spraying member 30 is further installed in the dome-shaped space 106 formed by the ash inlet channel 101 and the top and side walls of the main tank 10, and the cooling liquid provided by the liquid supply device sprays cooling liquid into the dome-shaped space 106 from top to bottom in an atomized manner through the first cooling liquid spraying member 30, wherein the cooling liquid contacts with the ash and exchanges heat, thereby cooling the ash steam.

The cooling liquid is sprayed from bottom to top by the first cooling liquid spraying member 30, and the ash steam also escapes from bottom to top, thereby preventing the ash steam from obstructing the spraying of the cooling liquid.

The fluidized bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank further comprises a second cooling liquid spraying member 40. The second cooling liquid spraying member 40 is disposed in the cooling cavity 103 formed by the inner container 12 and below the partition 20.

The second cooling liquid spraying member 40 is provided with a plurality of liquid spraying ports 401 at an upper portion thereof, and the second cooling liquid spraying member 40 forms a liquid passage 402 communicating with the liquid spraying ports 401, wherein the liquid passage 402 passes through the main tank 10 to communicate with the liquid supply device outside, so that the cooling liquid injected into the liquid passage 402 of the second cooling liquid spraying member 40 is sprayed upward from the liquid spraying ports 401 to further cool the ash cooled by the partition member 20. Preferably, the second cooling liquid spraying member 40 is also provided with a plurality of liquid spraying ports at the lower portion thereof.

Preferably, the second coolant spraying member 40 is implemented as a cross-shaped pipe and horizontally installed inside the main tank 10, and the liquid spray ports 401 are staggered on the upper portion of the second coolant spraying member 40 to maximize a cooling coverage of the second coolant spraying member 40, so that the cooling efficiency of the second coolant spraying member 40 is higher.

It will be understood that the ash will be gathered toward the shaft center of the main tank 10 and will continue to fall down after being collected by the partition 20, the shaft center area inside the main tank 10 will be mainly occupied by the falling ash, and the ash vapor generated by the heat exchange of the cooling liquid sprayed from the first and second cooling liquid spraying members 30 and 40 with the ash will be mainly concentrated on the periphery of the ash and will continue to rise, and the ash vapor will escape upwardly through the through holes 2102 until finally being gathered on the top of the inner container 12.

The main tank 10 is further installed with at least one temperature sensing member 50 and a controller, the temperature sensing member 50 being disposed to measure the temperature of the ash before being discharged from the ash outlet passage 102. The controller is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing member 50. The temperature detected by the temperature detector 50 is transmitted to the controller, which controls the liquid supply rate of the pump body communicating with the pipe 32 of the first cooling liquid spray member 30 and the liquid passage 402 of the second cooling liquid spray member 40. In addition, the controller also controls the velocity of the cooling fluid passing into the cooling space 104.

It can be understood that, due to the mutual cooperation between the temperature sensor 50 and the controller, the temperature of the ash cooled in the cooling chamber 103 can be accurately controlled between three hundred and fifty degrees centigrade and four hundred degrees centigrade when the ash is discharged, so as to ensure that no saturated water is separated out from the ash.

At least one exhaust pipe 60 is installed at the periphery of the ash inlet passage 101 at the upper portion of the main tank 10, and the exhaust pipe 60 is extended from the outside of the main tank 10 into the dome-shaped space 106 formed by the ash inlet passage 1202 and the top and side walls of the main tank 10 to discharge the ash vapor accumulated in the dome-shaped space in time.

The fluidized bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank further comprises a pressure adjusting assembly 70, wherein the pressure adjusting assembly 70 comprises a pressure measuring component 71 and at least one pressure adjusting component 72 arranged on the exhaust pipe 60, and the pressure adjusting component 72 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 60.

Preferably, the pressure sensing member 71 is fixedly mounted to the ash inlet passage 101 to sense the pressure at the ash inlet passage 101. The controller can control the pressure adjusting member 72 according to the pressure difference between the pressure measuring member 71 and the air pressure in the fluidized bed, so as to adjust the exhaust rate of the exhaust pipe 60, so that the pressure in the main tank 10 is always thirty to fifty kilopascals lower than the pressure in the steam chamber of the fluidized bed gasification furnace.

Thus, the slag in the fluidized bed gasifier is smoothly introduced into the cooling chamber 103 of the main tank 10 through the ash inlet passage 101 by the pressure difference, and the ash steam is difficult to be introduced into the ash inlet passage 101 against the pressure difference to affect the slag discharge in the fluidized bed gasifier.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the pressure sensing member 71 may be configured as a pressure sensor. And the pressure adjusting member 72 may be provided as an air pump or a pressure adjusting valve.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.

Claims (10)

1. Fluidized bed gasifier lime-ash cooling tank for cooling the high temperature lime-ash that the fluidized bed gasifier discharged, its characterized in that, fluidized bed gasifier lime-ash cooling tank includes:

the ash cooling device comprises a main tank body, a cooling tank and a cooling tank, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the main tank body are respectively provided with an ash inlet channel and an ash outlet channel, and a cooling cavity is formed between the ash inlet channel and the ash outlet channel;

a partition including a furling member disposed at a middle portion of the cooling chamber, the furling member forming a communication passage having a cross-sectional diameter decreasing from top to bottom;

at least one first coolant liquid sprays the piece, first coolant liquid sprays a sprinkler head and pipe fitting, the sprinkler head with the pipe fitting is linked together, the sprinkler head set up in the cooling chamber orientation with form the intercommunication passageway is relative draw in piece lateral wall and spray the coolant liquid in.

2. The fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank according to claim 1, wherein the sidewall of the gathering member is perforated with a plurality of perforations having a diameter such that ash cannot pass through the perforations and cooling liquid is allowed to pass through the perforations.

3. The fluidized-bed gasifier ash cooling tank of claim 1, wherein the partition comprises a guide member, wherein the guide member is extended downward by the collecting member, and the guide member forms a slag discharge passage communicating with the communication passage.

4. The fluidized-bed gasifier ash cooling tank as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ash inlet passage extends to a predetermined distance into said cooling chamber of said main tank to form a dome-shaped space with the top of said main tank.

5. The fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling tank of claim 4, wherein the main tank comprises a housing and an inner container, wherein the inner container forms the cooling cavity, the housing is sleeved outside the inner container, a cooling space is formed between the housing and the inner container, at least one first channel communicated with the cooling space is formed at the lower part of the housing, and at least one second channel communicated with the cooling space is formed at the upper part of the housing.

6. The fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank according to claim 5, further comprising a second cooling liquid spraying member disposed in the cooling chamber formed by the inner container and below the partition.

7. The ash cooling tank of a fluidized bed gasification furnace according to claim 6, wherein the ash inlet passage and the top and side walls of the main tank form a dome-shaped space in which another first cooling liquid spraying member is installed, the second cooling liquid spraying member has a plurality of liquid spraying ports opened at an upper portion thereof, and the second cooling liquid spraying member forms a liquid passage communicating with the liquid spraying ports, wherein the liquid passage passes through the main tank.

8. The fluidized-bed gasification furnace ash cooling tank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the main tank is installed with at least one temperature sensing member disposed to measure the temperature of the ash before being discharged from the ash outlet passage, and a controller communicatively connected to the temperature sensing member.

9. The fluidized-bed gasifier ash cooling tank in accordance with claim 6 or 7, wherein at least one exhaust pipe is installed at the periphery of the ash inlet passage at the upper portion of the main tank, the exhaust pipe extending from the outside of the main tank into the dome-shaped space formed by the ash inlet passage and the top and side walls of the main tank.

10. The fluidized bed gasifier ash cooling tank in accordance with claim 9 wherein the main tank mounts a pressure adjustment assembly and a controller, the pressure adjustment assembly comprising a pressure sensing member and at least one pressure adjustment member mounted to the exhaust pipe, wherein the pressure adjustment member is in communication with the exhaust pipe and is controllably connected to the controller.

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