CN218058227U - Self-discharging counterweight mounting structure and tower crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hoisting equipment field discloses a balanced heavy mounting structure of self-discharging and tower crane, and this balanced heavy mounting structure of self-discharging includes davit (2), one end hinge to carrier bar (31) on this davit (2) and hinge in davit (2) and bearing in supporting mechanism (32) of the other end of carrier bar (31), the balanced heavy (4) of self-discharging pass through carrier bar (31) keep in on davit (2), supporting mechanism (32) can be driven for around it with the articulated axis of davit (2) rotates to breaking away from the bearing the position of carrier bar (31), so that balanced heavy (4) of self-discharging follow carrier bar (31) freely drop. This mounting structure of self-discharging counterweight can in time release the self-discharging counterweight automatically reliably when the tower machine unloads suddenly, reduces or avoids the moment of flexure impact to the body of the tower, has effectively reduced the risk that takes place the accident of toppling.

Description

Self-discharging counterweight mounting structure and tower crane

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hoisting equipment field specifically relates to a self-discharging is balanced heavy mounting structure. In addition, still relate to a tower crane.

Background

The tower crane is a rotary crane with a suspension arm arranged at the upper part of a high tower body, has a large working range, and is widely applied to construction of house buildings, bridges, wind power, ports, docks, nuclear power plants and the like. With the development trend of large-scale, modularization and intensification of construction projects, ultra-large development requirements are also put forward for tower cranes. The super-large tower crane has the characteristics of high operation height, heavy hoisting load, long operation amplitude and the like, and compared with a common tower crane, the super-large tower crane has high manufacturing cost and large volume, so that property loss and secondary damage caused by overturning accidents can be obviously increased.

The balance weight of the existing tower crane is fixed on a balance arm, and the balance arm and a crane boom are fixed on a support by using 4 pin shafts. Even if the hanging load on the hook suddenly drops (suddenly unloads), the balance weight is fixed on the balance arm.

When the tower crane unloads suddenly, the jib loading boom loses the gravity of hanging and carrying suddenly, can bear a size for the upwards bounce of hanging and carrying gravity, produces a moment to the balance arm direction, and the moment of production such as balanced heavy, two moments superposes and can surpass the bearing limit of tower machine itself, leads to structural damage to take place the great incident.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a self-discharging is balanced heavy mounting structure, this self-discharging is balanced heavy mounting structure can be when the tower machine is uninstalled suddenly, and it is automatic to release the self-discharging balance weight reliably in time, reduces or avoids the moment of flexure impact to the body of the tower, has effectively reduced the risk that takes place the accident of toppling.

Furthermore, the utility model aims at providing a tower crane, this tower crane can make the self-discharging balance weight drop automatically when the tower machine unloads suddenly, prevents that tower machine structure from destroying, guarantees tower machine and operating personnel safety.

In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides an aspect provides a balanced heavy mounting structure of self-discharging, including davit, one end articulated to this davit on the carrier bar and articulate in davit and bearing in the supporting mechanism of the other end of carrier bar, the balanced heavy passing through of self-discharging the carrier bar keep in on the davit, supporting mechanism can be driven around it with the articulated axis of davit rotates to breaking away from the bearing the position of carrier bar, so that the balanced heavy follow of self-discharging the carrier bar freely drops.

Optionally, one of the load beam and the supporting mechanism is formed with a groove, and the other is formed with a spherical surface engaged with the groove, so that the spherical surface is disengaged from the position holding the load beam by the supporting mechanism rotating to make the spherical surface escape from the groove.

Optionally, a transmission mechanism is connected to the support mechanism, and the transmission mechanism can be pulled to apply a pulling force to the support mechanism in a direction away from the self-discharging counterweight, so that the support mechanism is separated from a position for bearing the load-bearing beam.

Further, the transmission mechanism comprises a second tie rod extending along the boom, which second tie rod is articulated to the support mechanism.

Specifically, the second pull rod comprises a plurality of pull rod sections which are connected in sequence, and every two adjacent pull rod sections are detachably connected and/or connected with each other so that the second pull rod has flexibility at the connection position.

Optionally, the boom and the carrier bar extend horizontally, respectively, and the support mechanism is hinged to a bottom beam of the boom.

Further, under the state of bearing the carrier beam, the included angle between the support mechanism and the carrier beam on the side facing the self-discharging balance weight is larger than 90 degrees.

The utility model discloses another aspect provides a tower crane, include:

a tower body;

a boom hinged to the top end of the tower body by a hinge shaft and including a balance arm extending from a hinge position to one side of the tower body and a boom extending to the opposite side, the balance arm being provided with a self-discharging balance weight held in an installation position by a load beam, one end of the load beam being hinged to the balance arm and the other end being supported by a support mechanism hinged to the balance arm,

when the lifting arm rotates around the hinge shaft relative to the tower body so that the lifting arm lifts relative to the tower body, the supporting mechanism is triggered to rotate around the hinge axis of the supporting mechanism and the hinge axis of the lifting arm relative to the carrier beam to a position of separating and supporting the carrier beam, so that the self-discharging balance weight can freely fall off from the carrier beam.

Optionally, the supporting mechanism is connected to the tower body through a transmission mechanism, so that the rotation of the boom around the hinge shaft relative to the tower body enables the transmission mechanism to apply a pulling force to the supporting mechanism in a direction away from the self-discharging counterweight, so that the supporting mechanism is separated from the position for supporting the bearing beam.

Further, the transmission mechanism comprises a second tie rod extending along the balance arm, the second tie rod being hinged to the support mechanism.

Optionally, the tower crane further comprises a damping device hinged to the tower body and the lifting arm at two ends for slowing the relative rotation speed of the lifting arm and the tower body or a self-locking device for locking the lifting arm at the extreme lifting position.

Through the technical scheme, the utility model discloses set up the carrier bar for the balanced heavy of bearing self-discharging to adopt supporting mechanism bearing carrier bar, take place under the condition of uninstalling suddenly at the tower machine, supporting mechanism is driven, thereby removes the bearing support to the carrier bar, and then removes the restriction to the balanced heavy of self-discharging, makes the balanced heavy free drop from the carrier bar of self-discharging. The bending moment impact on the tower body is reduced or avoided, and the risk of overturning accidents is effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a connection structure of a dump body triggering device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the attachment structure of FIG. 1 with the boom broken away to more clearly show the attachment structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view after a sudden unloading of the boom;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the boom shown in fig. 3, cut away;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the dump trigger device of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting arrangement of the self-discharging balancing weight of fig. 1 on the balancing arm.

Description of the reference numerals

1-a tower body; 1 a-a fixed support; 2-a suspension arm; 21-a balance arm; 22-a linker arm; 22 a-an articulated shaft; 22 b-a support shaft; 23-a crane boom; 3-a self-discharging locking mechanism; 31-a carrier beam; 32-a support mechanism; 4-self-discharging balance weight; 5-a first pull rod; 6-a pivot plate; 7-a second pull rod; 8-damping device.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the mounting structure of the self-discharging balancing weight comprises a boom 2, a carrier beam 31 and a supporting mechanism 32, one end of the supporting mechanism 32 is hinged on the boom 2, the other end of the supporting mechanism 32 supports the carrier beam 31, so that the self-discharging balancing weight 4 can be held on the boom 2 through the carrier beam 31, the supporting mechanism 32 is arranged to be driven to rotate around the hinge axis of the supporting mechanism and the boom 2 to a state that the carrier beam 31 is separated from the support, so that the self-discharging balancing weight 4 can be freely dropped off from the carrier beam 31. When the tower crane unloads suddenly due to connection failure of the hanging component and a hoisted load, breakage of a steel wire rope and the like, the suspension arm 2 can rotate around the hinged shaft 22a of the suspension arm and the tower body 1, and the suspension arm 2 is lifted. In the process of lifting the boom 2, the support mechanism 32 is triggered to rotate around the hinge axis of the support mechanism and the boom 2 until the carrier beam 31 is separated from the supported state, so that the self-discharging balance weight 4 is freely separated from the carrier beam 31, the lifting motion of the boom 2 caused by the violent change of the borne instantaneous load can be inhibited, the moment impact on the tower body 1 is reduced or avoided, and the risk of overturning accidents is effectively reduced.

In order to better understand the technical idea of the present invention, the following description will describe the mounting structure of the self-discharging counterweight of the present invention on a concrete tower crane.

The utility model discloses a tower crane includes body of a tower 1 and is connected to the davit 2 on 1 top of this body of a tower, and this davit 2 passes through articulated shaft 22a and articulates to body of a tower 1 to include the jib loading boom 23 that extends to relative opposite side and the balance arm 21 that extends to one side of body of a tower 1 from articulated position. The boom 23 may be provided with a suspension assembly such as a wire rope, hook, or the like for connection to a load to be lifted. The balance arm 21 is attached with the self-discharging counterweight 4, and the self-discharging counterweight 4 is fixed to the attachment position by the self-discharging lock mechanism 3.

It will be appreciated that in the case of sudden unloading, the boom 2 as a whole is turned relative to the tower 1, resulting in a lift on the boom 23. Therefore, the balance arm 21 and the crane arm 23 of the present invention are distinguished by different extending portions of the boom 2 relative to the tower body 1 for clarity only, and are connected to each other as a whole (i.e. the boom 2 may be an integral truss structure). Therefore, the arm 2 further includes a link arm 22 connected between the balance arm 21 and the boom 23, and a hinge shaft 22a for mutual hinge-connection with the tower body 1 may be provided at a lower side of the link arm 22.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the load beam 31 and the supporting mechanism 32 are connected in a supporting manner through a spherical surface and a groove, for example, when a groove is formed in the load beam 31, and accordingly, the end of the supporting mechanism 32 is designed to be spherical, and the spherical end of the supporting mechanism 32 is located in the groove on the load beam 31, so as to support the load beam 31, and when the supporting mechanism 32 is driven to rotate by a certain angle, the spherical surface is released from the groove, so that the supporting mechanism 32 is separated from the position of the load beam 31, and the load beam 31 rotates downward around the hinge point of the load beam 31 and the balance arm 21, and releases the self-discharging balance weight 4, so that the self-discharging balance weight 4 falls off from the balance arm 21; alternatively, the load beam 31 may be formed in a spherical shape, and accordingly, the end of the support mechanism 32 is designed as a groove, so that the spherical surface is located in the groove, the support mechanism 32 supports the load beam 31 through the groove, and when the support mechanism 32 is driven to rotate by a certain angle, the spherical surface is released from the groove, so that the support mechanism 32 is separated from the position of the load beam 31, the load beam 31 rotates downward around the hinge point of the load beam 31 and the balance arm 21, and the self-discharging balance weight 4 is released, so that the self-discharging balance weight 4 falls off from the balance arm 21.

The carrier beam 31 and the support mechanism 32 constitute a dump lock mechanism 3, the dump lock mechanism 3 is connected to a transmission mechanism, and when the boom 23 is raised, the transmission mechanism triggers the dump lock mechanism 3 to release the dump weight 4 so that the dump weight 4 is detached from the boom 21. The self-discharging counterweight 4 is held on the balance arm 21 by a load beam 31, and one end of the load beam 31 is hinged to the balance arm 21 and the other end is supported by a support mechanism 32 hinged to the balance arm 21. The support mechanism 32 is connected to a transmission mechanism that can be pulled to apply a pulling force to the support mechanism 32 in a direction away from the self-discharging counterweight 4, so that the support mechanism 32 is out of the position of the support beam 31.

In particular, as shown in fig. 5, the transmission mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a pivot plate 6 articulated to the boom 2, the pivot plate 6 having a first fulcrum and a second fulcrum, wherein the first fulcrum is connected to the tower 1 by a first tie rod 5 and the second fulcrum is drivingly connected to the support mechanism 32. Under the condition that the hanging component is suddenly unloaded and the like, the suspension arm 2 can rotate relative to the tower body 1 around the hinge shaft 22a, so that the suspension arm 23 is lifted relative to the tower body 1, and the pivot plate 6 is kept static relative to the tower body 1 under the action of the first pull rod 5; meanwhile, the supporting mechanism 32 moves relative to the pivot plate 6 along with the rotation of the boom 2, so that under the linkage action of the pivot plate 6, the supporting mechanism 32 can be triggered to be separated from the position of the bearing carrier beam 31 by pulling, the carrier beam 31 rotates downwards around the hinged point of the carrier beam 31 and the balance arm 21, and the self-discharging balance weight 4 on the balance arm 21 is released by the carrier beam 31, so that the upward movement of the boom 2 caused by the severe change of the borne instantaneous load can be inhibited, the bending moment impact on the tower body 1 is reduced or avoided, and the risk of overturning accidents is effectively reduced.

The second fulcrum of the pivoting plate 6 may be drivingly connected to the support mechanism 32 in various ways to enable the application of a pulling force to the support mechanism 32. In the preferred embodiment shown, the second fulcrum of the pivoting plate 6 is hinged to a second tie-rod 7, which second tie-rod 7 extends along the balance arm 21 and is drivingly hinged to the support mechanism 32 of the self-releasing locking mechanism 3. Since the position of the dump lock mechanism 3 will change during the rotation of the boom 2 relative to the tower 1, the extending path of the second tie rod 7 will also change, and for this reason, in addition to the fact that the two ends of the second tie rod 7 can be hinged to the pivot plate 6 and the support mechanism 32, respectively, the second tie rod 7 can be made flexible to adapt to the action of the boom 2. For example, the second tie rod 7 may be provided to comprise a plurality of tie rod segments that are joined in series to allow the second tie rod 7 to be bent in the joined position. In addition, a plurality of the pull rod sections can also be arranged to be detachably connected to each other.

In a normal operating state, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the extension directions of the boom 2 and the tower body 1 are arranged generally perpendicular to each other, the boom 2 extends in a horizontal direction, and correspondingly, the load beam 31 also extends in a horizontal direction, the support mechanism 32 is hinged to the bottom beam of the boom 2, and in a state of supporting the load beam 31, the support mechanism 32 and the load beam 31 are at an angle greater than 90 ° on the side facing the self-discharging counterweight 4. And the utility model discloses a drive mechanism need utilize body of the tower 1 to trigger self-discharging locking mechanism 3 on the davit 2 for pulling the basis, from this, need utilize by articulated pivot board 6 to the davit 2 on to change pulling force direction of transfer. In the transmission mechanism provided by the present invention, the pivot plate 6 can be formed as a triangular plate and hinged to the suspension arm 2 through one of the corners, and the other two corners are provided with a first fulcrum connected to the first pull rod 5 and a second fulcrum connected to the second pull rod 7. By providing the hinge point, the first fulcrum and the second fulcrum spaced apart from each other, the pulling force exerted by the first pull rod 5 on the pivot plate 6 may enable the pivot plate 6 to rotate or have a tendency to rotate relative to the boom 2 about the hinge point, thereby exerting a pulling force on the second pull rod 7 in the extension direction of the boom 2, whereby the self-discharging locking mechanism 3 may be triggered to release the self-discharging counterweight 4 when the boom 2 rotates relative to the tower 1.

In another preferred embodiment, the pivoting plate 6 may also be formed as a sector plate that can be hinged to the boom 2 at its central corner and that is provided with a first and a second fulcrum at its two other corners near the arc top, also enabling the self-dumping locking mechanism 3 to be triggered by the transmission of a pulling force through the first and second pull rods 5, 7.

To avoid interference with the associated components such as the hoist cable, the pivot plate 6 may be hinged to the link arm 22 at a central location. The central position of the connecting arm 22 refers to the central position of the connecting arm 22 in the extending direction and the height direction, for example, as shown in fig. 5, for the suspension arm 2 with a rectangular cross section, a pair of pivoting plates 6 may be arranged on two truss planes in the vertical direction thereof, and are connected to the self-unloading locking mechanism 3 through the corresponding second pull rods 7 respectively.

In normal operation, the tower 1 is under pressure from the boom 2, and thus sufficient support needs to be provided for the boom 2. For this purpose, a support shaft 22b may be provided on the lower side of the end portion of the connecting arm 22 connected to the boom 23, and the boom 2 may be supported by the top end of the tower body 1 via the support shaft 22 b.

According to the progress of construction, the height of the tower body 1 is raised by adding a standard knot or the like, so that a fixed support 1a for connecting the boom 2 is usually required at the top end of the tower body 1. The fixing support 1a may be formed with a groove for supporting the shaft 22b, which may function as a limit in the extending direction of the boom 2. In this case, the first tie rod 5 may also be connected to the fixed support 1a at the bottom end so that it is not necessary to adjust its connection relationship with the tower 1 during the construction process. The fixed support 1a does not limit the upward movement of the supporting shaft 22b, that is, in the event of sudden unloading of the tower crane, the boom 2 rotates around the hinge shaft 22a relative to the tower body 1, and the supporting shaft 22 is disengaged from the fixed support 1a.

The utility model discloses a tower crane can utilize drive mechanism to trigger for releasing the self-discharging on the balance arm is balanced to restrain the rising of jib loading boom. Raising and lowering of the jib only enables the jib to convert kinetic and gravitational potential energy into each other, which energy always needs to be transferred to the tower or consumed during raising. Therefore, under the condition that the crane boom is unloaded suddenly, the lifting and the resetting of the crane boom can be effectively controlled, so that the impact on the tower body is relieved, and the overturning accident of the tower crane is prevented. For this purpose, specifically, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, a damping device 8 or a self-locking device may be further connected between the tower body 1 and the boom 23 to slow down the relative rotational speed between the boom 23 and the tower body 1, i.e., to slow down the raising impact or falling speed, or to lock the boom 23 in the extreme raising position (the rotational speed of the boom 23 is about 0), so that the boom can be effectively supported to prevent the boom from freely returning when the boom is raised to the extreme raising position, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the boom into gravitational potential energy and maintaining the gravitational potential energy, and avoiding the impact on the tower body caused by the return of the boom, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of the overturning accident. Typically, the damping device 8 or the self-locking device can be configured as a hydraulic component (such as a damping cylinder) and can support the lifting arm 23 at the extreme lifting position through hydraulic force, and through controlling the pulling-direction damping and the pressing-direction damping of the damping cylinder, the lifting arm 23 can be lifted and reset controllably in case of sudden unloading of the lifting arm 23, and the safety is high.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the technical idea scope of the present invention, it is possible to provide the technical solution of the present invention with a plurality of simple modifications, including combining each specific technical feature in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not provide additional description for various possible combinations. These simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The utility model provides a balanced mounting structure of self-discharging, characterized in that, including davit (2), one end articulate carrier bar (31) to on this davit (2) and articulate in davit (2) and bear in supporting mechanism (32) of the other end of carrier bar (31), balanced self-discharging (4) pass through carrier bar (31) keep in on davit (2), supporting mechanism (32) can be driven for around its with the articulated axis of davit (2) rotates to breaking away from the bearing the position of carrier bar (31), so that balanced self-discharging (4) are followed carrier bar (31) freely drops.

2. The mounting structure of a self-discharging counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the load beam (31) and the support mechanism (32) is formed with a groove, and the other is formed with a spherical surface engaged with the groove, so that the load beam (31) is released from a position supporting the load beam by the support mechanism (32) rotating so that the spherical surface is released from the groove.

3. The mounting structure of a self-discharging counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that a transmission mechanism is connected to the support mechanism (32), and the transmission mechanism can be pulled to apply a pulling force to the support mechanism (32) in a direction away from the self-discharging counterweight (4) so that the support mechanism (32) is out of the position supporting the load beam (31).

4. The mounting structure of a self-discharging counterweight according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission mechanism comprises a second tie rod (7) extending along the boom (2), the second tie rod (7) being hinged to the support mechanism (32).

5. The mounting structure of a self-discharging counterweight according to claim 4, characterized in that the second tie rod (7) comprises a plurality of tie rod segments connected in series, and two adjacent tie rod segments are detachably connected and/or connected to each other so that the second tie rod (7) is flexible in the connected position.

6. The mounting structure of a self-discharging counterweight according to claim 1, characterized in that the boom (2) and the carrier beam (31) each extend in a horizontal direction, and the support mechanism (32) is hinged to the bottom beam of the boom (2).

7. The mounting structure for a self-discharging balancing weight according to claim 6, wherein the angle between the support means (32) and the load beam (31) on the side facing the self-discharging balancing weight (4) is greater than 90 ° in a state where the load beam (31) is supported.

8. A tower crane, comprising:

a tower body (1);

a boom (2), wherein the boom (2) is hinged to the top end of the tower body (1) through a hinge shaft (22 a) and comprises a balance arm (21) extending from a hinge position to one side of the tower body (1) and a boom (23) extending to the other opposite side, a self-discharging balance weight (4) kept at an installation position through a bearing beam (31) is arranged on the balance arm (21), one end of the bearing beam (31) is hinged to the balance arm (21), the other end of the bearing beam is supported by a support mechanism (32) hinged to the balance arm (21), wherein,

when the boom (2) rotates around the hinge shaft (22 a) relative to the tower body (1) to lift the boom (23) relative to the tower body (1), the supporting mechanism (32) is triggered to rotate around the hinge axis of the boom (2) relative to the bearing beam (31) to a position of separating from bearing the bearing beam (31), so that the self-discharging balance weight (4) is freely separated from the bearing beam (31).

9. The tower crane according to claim 8, characterized in that the support means (32) is connected to the tower (1) by means of a transmission such that the rotation of the boom (2) about the hinge axis (22 a) relative to the tower (1) causes the transmission to apply a pulling force to the support means (32) in a direction away from the self-discharging counterweight (4) such that the support means (32) is out of position bearing the carrier beam (31).

10. A tower crane according to claim 9, characterised in that the transmission mechanism comprises a second draw bar (7) extending along the balance arm (21), which second draw bar (7) is hinged to the support mechanism (32).

11. A tower crane according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises damping means (8) hinged at both ends to the tower body (1) and the jib (23), respectively, for slowing down the relative rotational speed of the jib (23) and the tower body (1) or self-locking means for locking the jib (23) in an extreme raised position.

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