CN217973423U - Electrolysis transfer structure and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer - Google Patents
Electrolysis transfer structure and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer Download PDFInfo
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- CN217973423U CN217973423U CN202222342623.XU CN202222342623U CN217973423U CN 217973423 U CN217973423 U CN 217973423U CN 202222342623 U CN202222342623 U CN 202222342623U CN 217973423 U CN217973423 U CN 217973423U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a PEM electrolysis trough technical field discloses an electrolysis transmission structure and including PEM electrolysis trough of this PEM electrolysis trough transmission structure. Wherein, electrolysis transmission structure includes: the porous metal sintering layer is provided with a plurality of flow channel grooves on a first surface, the conductive microporous layer is arranged on a second surface, the diameter of partial pores of the conductive microporous layer is within a first diameter interval, the diameter of partial pores is within a second diameter interval, when the diameter of the pores is within the first diameter interval, the gas transmission capacity of the pores is greater than the liquid transmission capacity of the pores, and when the diameter of the pores is within the second diameter interval, the liquid transmission capacity of the pores is greater than the gas transmission capacity of the pores. The PEM electrolytic tank transmission structure can effectively reduce the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the bipolar plate and can simultaneously ensure the transmission effect of gas and liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a PEM electrolysis trough technical field especially relates to an electrolysis transmission structure and PEM electrolysis trough.
Background
A Proton Exchange Membrane water Electrolyzer (PEMEC), abbreviated as PEM Electrolyzer, which is a device for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water and assembled by laminating a Membrane electrode, a diffusion layer, a bipolar plate and auxiliary accessories. The membrane electrode of the current commonly used PEM electrolyzer mainly consists of a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst, and is a main place of electrochemical reaction; the diffusion layer is mainly made of porous material, and the cathode side diffusion layer mainly uses carbon paper for collecting and transmitting H 2 The anode side diffusion layer mainly uses porous titanium for dispersing pure water and transmitting O 2 (ii) a The bipolar plate is mainly formed by processing a metal plate with a flow field of a ridge-groove structure and is used for supporting a PEM electrolytic tank and transmitting pure water of reactants and a product H 2 And O 2 。
The PEM electrolysers currently in use mainly suffer from the following drawbacks:
1. the contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the bipolar plate is large because the contact surfaces of the diffusion layer and the bipolar plate are corroded and the contact area of the diffusion layer and the bipolar plate is small;
2. the positive pole side diffusion layer only has the aperture of a specification, and the aperture of positive pole side diffusion layer hardly guarantees both to be applicable to liquid transmission, is applicable to gas transmission again, and the aperture undersize, gas transmission ability are greater than liquid transmission ability, and the liquid transmission effect is poor, and on the contrary, the aperture is too big, and liquid transmission ability is greater than gas transmission ability, and the gas transmission effect is poor, and gaseous and liquid's transmission effect can't be guaranteed simultaneously to positive pole side diffusion layer.
Therefore, how to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an electrolysis transmission structure and PEM electrolysis trough including this electrolysis transmission structure that contact resistance is little between diffusion layer and the bipolar plate, and can guarantee the transmission effect of gas and liquid simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following scheme:
the utility model provides an electrolysis transmission structure, include: the porous metal sintering layer is provided with a plurality of flow channel grooves on a first surface, the conductive microporous layer is arranged on a second surface, the diameter of part of pores of the conductive microporous layer is in a first diameter interval, the diameter of part of pores is in a second diameter interval, when the diameter of the pores is in the first diameter interval, the capacity of the pores for transmitting gas is larger than the capacity of the pores for transmitting liquid, and when the diameter of the pores is in the second diameter interval, the capacity of the pores for transmitting liquid is larger than the capacity of the pores for transmitting gas.
Preferably, the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer is punched to form the runner groove.
Preferably, the porous metal sintered layer is metallurgically bonded to the electrically conductive microporous layer.
Preferably, partially melted conductive particles are sprayed onto the first side of the porous metal sintered layer to form the conductive microporous layer.
Preferably, the porous metal sintered layer is a porous metal fiber sintered layer.
Preferably, the cross section of the runner groove perpendicular to the length direction thereof is semicircular or trapezoidal.
The utility model also provides a PEM electrolysis trough, include: the electrolytic single cell comprises a membrane electrode, two conductive partition plates and two electrolytic transmission structures, wherein the two conductive partition plates are oppositely arranged, two ends of the membrane electrode are clamped between the two conductive partition plates, a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively formed between the two conductive partition plates and the membrane electrode, the two electrolytic transmission structures are respectively arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, the conductive microporous layer of each electrolytic transmission structure is oppositely arranged with the membrane electrode and is contacted with the membrane electrode, the porous metal sintered layer of each electrolytic transmission structure is oppositely arranged with the conductive partition plates and is contacted with the conductive partition plates, and all the electrolytic single cells are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are sequentially connected in series; the connecting assembly comprises a connecting piece and two end plates, all the electrolytic single cells are clamped between the two end plates, and the end plates are connected through the connecting piece.
Preferably, any two adjacent electrolytic cells share one conductive separator plate.
Preferably, the upper end portion of the conductive separator is recessed to form the first cavity, the lower end portion of the conductive separator is recessed to form the second cavity, the first cavity is disposed opposite to the anode side of the membrane electrode, the second cavity is disposed opposite to the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and the conductive separator is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, wherein the water inlet, the water outlet and the first air outlet are communicated with the first cavity, and the second air outlet is communicated with the second cavity.
Preferably, a sealing groove is formed in one end, opposite to the membrane electrode, of at least one of the two conductive partition plates of the single electrolytic cell, and a sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove.
The utility model discloses for prior art gain following technological effect:
1. the utility model provides an electrolysis transmission structure includes: the first surface of porous metal sintering layer is provided with a plurality of runner grooves. The flow field part of the bipolar plate of the PEM electrolytic cell commonly used at present is contacted with the diffusion layer, and the flow field part of the bipolar plate and the diffusion layer are made into an integrated structure, namely a porous metal sintering layer, by the electrolytic transmission structure. The integral structure effectively avoids the corrosion of the diffusion layer and the surface contacted with the diffusion layer, and simultaneously, the contact area of the diffusion layer and the surface contacted with the diffusion layer is large, so that the contact resistance between the bipolar plate and the diffusion layer is effectively reduced.
2. The utility model provides a second face on electrolysis transmission structure porous metal sintered layer is provided with electrically conductive micropore layer, the diameter in the partial hole on electrically conductive micropore layer is in between the first diameter, the diameter in partial hole is in between the second diameter, and when the diameter in hole is in between the first diameter, the gaseous ability of hole transmission is greater than the ability of hole transmission liquid, the hole is applicable to transmission gas, when the diameter in hole is between the second diameter, the ability of hole transmission liquid is greater than the gaseous ability of transmission, the hole is applicable to transmission liquid. Through setting up the hole between two kinds of diameters, and the hole between two kinds of diameters is applicable to gaseous transmission and liquid transmission respectively, and the transmission effect of gaseous and liquid can be guaranteed simultaneously to this electrolysis transmission structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrolytic transmission structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a bottom view of an electrolytic transmission structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrolytic cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive partition plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conductive divider plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PEM electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 100. a PEM electrolyzer; 1. an electrolytic cell; 101. an electrolytic transmission structure; 1011. a porous metal sintered layer; 1012. a runner groove; 1013. an electrically conductive microporous layer; 102. a conductive separator plate; 1021. a sealing groove; 1022. a water inlet; 1023. a first air outlet; 1024. a second air outlet; 103. a membrane electrode; 104. a seal ring; 2. an end plate; 3. a connecting member.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims at providing an electrolysis transmission structure and PEM electrolysis trough including this electrolysis transmission structure that contact resistance is little between diffusion layer and the bipolar plate, and can guarantee the transmission effect of gas and liquid simultaneously.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides an electrolytic transmission structure 101 including: the porous metal sintering layer 1011 includes a porous metal sintering layer 1011 and a conductive microporous layer 1013, a first surface of the porous metal sintering layer 1011 is provided with a plurality of flow channel grooves 1012, a second surface of the porous metal sintering layer 1011 is provided with the conductive microporous layer 1013, and a part of pores of the conductive microporous layer 1013 have a diameter in a first diameter section and a part of pores have a diameter in a second diameter section, and when the diameter of the pores is in the first diameter section, the pores have a larger capacity to transmit gas than a capacity to transmit liquid than the pores have a larger capacity to transmit liquid than the capacity to transmit gas. The electrolytic transmission structure 101 provided by the embodiment has small contact resistance between the diffusion layer and the bipolar plate, and can ensure the transmission effect of gas and liquid at the same time.
When the diameter of the pore is in the first diameter interval, the capillary force of the pore is strong, and the pore can rapidly transmit oxygen bubbles generated by the anode to the porous transmission layer with larger pore diameter. Meanwhile, as the surface tension is large, liquid cannot pass through the pores, and the principle is substantially the same as the working principle of the waterproof breathable film. The working principle of the waterproof breathable film is as follows:
under the state of water vapor, water particles are very fine, and can smoothly permeate into the capillary to the other side according to the principle of capillary movement, so that the air permeability phenomenon is generated. When water vapor is condensed into water drops, the particles become bigger, and due to the action of the surface tension of the water drops (mutual pulling and balancing among water molecules), the water molecules can not be smoothly separated from the water drops and permeate to the other side, so that the water permeation is prevented, and the breathable film has a waterproof function.
When the diameter of the pore is in the second diameter interval, the capillary action force is weak, the oxygen bubble transmission capacity is poor, the pore diameter is large, the liquid transmission capacity is strong, and the liquid is quickly diffused to the membrane electrode 103 through the pore.
In the specific use, through control hole diameter, set up simultaneously and be applicable to the first diameter interval of transmission gas and be applicable to the second diameter interval of transmission liquid, can guarantee the transmission effect of gas and liquid simultaneously.
In this embodiment, specifically, all the pores are divided into two parts according to the diameter, one part of the diameter is in the first diameter section, and the other part of the diameter is in the second diameter section.
More specifically, the diameter of the pores in the first diameter interval is greater than 0.5 μm and less than 6 μm, and the diameter of the pores in the second diameter interval is greater than or equal to 6 μm and less than 10 μm. In addition, the overall pore diameter of the conductive microporous layer 1013 is preferably continuously variable, continuously increasing or continuously decreasing.
In some embodiments, the first side of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is stamped to form the runner channel 1012. The porous metal sintered layer 1011 is a three-dimensional porous structure, and compared with a solid structure, the porous structure is more convenient to punch, and the required punching force is smaller.
After the stamping is completed, a ridge is formed between any two adjacent runner channels 1012. In addition, the porosity of the channel groove 1012 base is less than the porosity of the ridge due to the stamping. Under the condition that the porosity of the second surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is not changed, the porosity of the convex ridge is larger than the porosity of the bottom of the runner channel 1012, so that the liquid is prevented from penetrating through the porous metal sintered layer 1011 only from the bottom of the runner channel 1012, and the liquid flows more uniformly.
In some embodiments, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is metallurgically bonded to the conductive microporous layer 1013.
Further, the partially melted conductive particles are sprayed to the first side of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 to form the conductive microporous layer 1013.
Further, the semi-melted conductive particles are sprayed (thermal spraying) to the first side of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 to form the conductive microporous layer 1013.
Further, the metal powder has a granular structure, and the partially melted conductive particles are formed by heating and melting the metal powder, such as titanium powder.
Further, the metal powder is titanium powder, niobium powder or tantalum powder.
More specifically, titanium powder with the particle size ranging from 1 to 10 μm is heated and melted into semi-molten particles, the semi-molten particles are sprayed to one surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 at the speed of 35m/s, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is of a porous structure, the semi-molten particles are embedded in the porous structure and are adhered to the surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011, the surface melting layers among the semi-molten particles form metallurgical bonding, the bonding force of the conductive microporous layer 1013 is 34MPa, and the semi-molten particles are supported by the non-molten parts in the semi-molten particles to form a microporous structure.
Furthermore, the porous metal fiber sintering layer is of a three-dimensional porous structure, the thickness is 2mm, the porosity is 75%, the pore size distribution is changed between 1 and 110 micrometers, the pore structure proportion of the pore size of 80 to 100 micrometers is 83%, the conductive microporous layer 1013 is formed by filling surface pores of the porous metal fiber sintering layer with titanium powder, the thickness of the conductive microporous layer 1013 is 30 micrometers, the surface porosity of the filled porous metal fiber sintering layer is 37%, and the pore size is between 1 and 10 micrometers.
The spraying method is generally used to form a dense structure, but the present invention is just on the contrary, and the conductive microporous layer 1013 can be formed on one surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 by spraying a particle structure partially melted. In some embodiments, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is a porous metal fiber sintered layer. However, the porous metal fiber sintered layer is not limited to the porous metal fiber sintered layer, and the porous metal structure obtained by sintering may be selected, for example, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 may also be a porous metal powder sintered layer.
Further, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is made of one or more of three materials of a titanium-based material, a niobium-based material, and a tantalum-based material.
In addition, when the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is a porous metal fiber sintered layer, the surface of the porous metal fiber sintered layer opposite to the membrane electrode 103, namely the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is formed by randomly stacking and sintering metal fibers, the fiber lap joint points are protruded, pores surrounded by the fibers are sunken, the contact surface with the membrane electrode 103 is uneven, the real contact area is small, the contact resistance is large, and the conductivity is poor, by spraying partially melted conductive particles on the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011, the conductive particles can fill the uneven pore structure of the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011, the contact area of the formed conductive microporous layer 101 and the membrane electrode 103 is increased, and the contact resistance can be effectively reduced.
The conductive microporous layer 1013 which is smoother than the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011 is formed on the first surface of the porous metal sintered layer 1011, and the contact resistance between the electrolytic transmission structure 101 and the membrane electrode 103 is effectively reduced by the contact of the conductive microporous layer 1013 and the membrane electrode 103.
In some embodiments, the cross-section of the channel 1012 perpendicular to its length is semi-circular or trapezoidal. Similarly, the shape of the runner channel 1012 is not limited to being semicircular or trapezoidal, and is merely illustrated here, and other shapes are also possible.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention also provides a PEM electrolyzer 100 comprising: at least two electrolytic single cells 1, each electrolytic single cell 1 comprises a membrane electrode 103, two conductive separators 102 and two electrolytic transmission structures 101 described in any of the above embodiments, the two conductive separators 102 are oppositely arranged, both ends of the membrane electrode 103 are clamped between the two conductive separators 102, a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively formed between the two conductive separators 102 and the membrane electrode 103, the two electrolytic transmission structures 101 are respectively arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, the conductive microporous layer 1013 of each electrolytic transmission structure 101 is oppositely arranged and contacted with the membrane electrode 103, the porous metal sintered layer 1011 of each electrolytic transmission structure 101 is oppositely arranged and contacted with the conductive separator 102, and all the electrolytic single cells 1 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and sequentially connected in series; the connecting assembly comprises a connecting piece 3 and two end plates 2, all the electrolytic cells 1 are clamped between the two end plates 2, and the two end plates 2 are connected through the connecting piece 3.
In this embodiment, the specific structure of the connecting member 3 belongs to the prior art, and it is sufficient to select a structure capable of connecting the two end plates 2 together.
In some embodiments, any two adjacent electrolysis cells 1 share one electrically conductive separator plate 102. So configured, the PEM electrolyzer 100 is simpler, more compact, and less costly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the upper end portion of the conductive separator 102 is recessed to form a first cavity, the lower end portion of the conductive separator 102 is recessed to form a second cavity, and the first cavity is disposed opposite to the anode side of the membrane electrode 103, the second cavity is disposed opposite to the cathode side of the membrane electrode 103, and the conductive separator 102 is provided with a water inlet 1022, a water outlet, and a first air outlet 1023 that are communicated with the first cavity, and a second air outlet 1024 that is communicated with the second cavity.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, a sealing groove 1021 is disposed at one end of at least one of the two conductive separators 102 of the single electrolytic cell 1, which is opposite to the membrane electrode 103, and a sealing ring 104 is disposed in the sealing groove 1021.
Further, the seal groove 1021 is provided along the circumferential direction of the conductive partition plate 102.
It should be noted that the above and below embodiments refer to the PEM electrolyzer 100 provided by the present invention when arranged in the manner shown in fig. 6.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electrolytic transmission structure, comprising: the porous metal sintering layer is provided with a plurality of flow channel grooves on a first surface, the conductive microporous layer is arranged on a second surface, the diameter of part of pores of the conductive microporous layer is in a first diameter interval, the diameter of part of pores is in a second diameter interval, when the diameter of the pores is in the first diameter interval, the capacity of the pores for transmitting gas is larger than the capacity of the pores for transmitting liquid, and when the diameter of the pores is in the second diameter interval, the capacity of the pores for transmitting liquid is larger than the capacity of the pores for transmitting gas.
2. The electrolytic transfer structure of claim 1, wherein the first face of the sintered porous metal layer is stamped to form the runner channel.
3. The electrolytic transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the porous metal sintered layer is metallurgically bonded to the conductive microporous layer.
4. The electrolytic transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the porous metal sintered layer is a porous metal fiber sintered layer.
5. The electrolytic transmission structure according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the runner groove perpendicular to its own length direction is semicircular or trapezoidal.
6. A PEM electrolyzer, comprising:
at least two electrolytic cells, wherein each electrolytic cell comprises a membrane electrode, two conductive partition plates and two electrolytic transmission structures according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the two conductive partition plates are oppositely arranged, two ends of the membrane electrode are clamped between the two conductive partition plates, a first cavity and a second cavity are respectively formed between the two conductive partition plates and the membrane electrode, the two electrolytic transmission structures are respectively arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, the conductive microporous layer of each electrolytic transmission structure is oppositely arranged with the membrane electrode and is contacted with the membrane electrode, the porous metal sintered layer of each electrolytic transmission structure is oppositely arranged with the conductive partition plates and is contacted with the conductive partition plates, and all the electrolytic cells are sequentially arranged from top to bottom and are sequentially connected in series;
the connecting assembly comprises a connecting piece and two end plates, all the electrolytic single cells are clamped between the two end plates, and the two end plates are connected through the connecting piece.
7. The PEM electrolyzer of claim 6, wherein any two adjacent cells share one said electrically conductive separator plate.
8. The PEM electrolyzer of claim 7, wherein the upper end portion of said electrically conductive separator plate is recessed to form said first cavity, the lower end portion of said electrically conductive separator plate is recessed to form said second cavity, and said first cavity is disposed opposite the anode side of said membrane electrode, and said second cavity is disposed opposite the cathode side of said membrane electrode, and said electrically conductive separator plate is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a first air outlet in communication with said first cavity, and a second air outlet in communication with said second cavity.
9. The PEM electrolyzer of claim 6, wherein at least one of the two electrically conductive separator plates of said electrolysis cell opposite to said membrane electrode is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring is disposed in said sealing groove.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222342623.XU CN217973423U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Electrolysis transfer structure and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222342623.XU CN217973423U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Electrolysis transfer structure and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer |
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| CN217973423U true CN217973423U (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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| CN202222342623.XU Active CN217973423U (en) | 2022-09-02 | 2022-09-02 | Electrolysis transfer structure and PEM (proton exchange membrane) electrolyzer |
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