CN217918079U

CN217918079U - Electric steering axle of forklift

Info

Publication number: CN217918079U
Application number: CN202221780447.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白海涛; 王铁桩
Original assignee: Avic Baosheng Intelligent Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Avic Baosheng Intelligent Technology Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-12
Filing date: 2022-07-12
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-12

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electronic steering axle of fork truck in commodity circulation transport trade transport technical field, including motor, speed reducer, wheel hub, pontic, tire etc, be equipped with proximity switch on the below bridge mount pad of motor, the below of motor is equipped with the speed reducer, the below of speed reducer is equipped with the shaft pontic. This setting makes steering axle intensification degree high, spare part is few, through connection of electric lines battery and vehicle-mounted controller, just can work, the AGV structure has been simplified greatly, use servo motor + planetary reducer, the operation precision is high, high work efficiency, steering axle is gyration structural design, the pendulum angle of rotation is big, bring littleer turning radius for AGV fork truck, fork truck operation is more nimble, it is spacing that electron and machinery are installed to the steering axle, it is safer to use, high-quality steel welded structure pontic, good rigidity, bearing capacity is big, be convenient for maintain, the renewal cycle is short, whole sexual valence relative altitude.

Description

Electric steering axle of forklift

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of commodity circulation transport trade transport, concretely relates to electronic steering axle of fork truck.

Background

In the technical field of material handling, the forklift is widely used, and has the figure in factories, supermarkets, warehouses, logistics distribution places and the like. Counter weight fork truck belongs to a class of product in the fork truck. Three-pivot counterbalanced forklifts belong to a category of counterbalanced forklifts. At present fork truck is mostly all manual driving, especially counter weight fork truck, because its size is big, and functioning speed is fast, and the operation is complicated, and the technology is mature, the low price, so manual driving's fork truck still equipment user's first-selected. However, with the improvement of the automation degree, the machine replaces manual work to complete working conditions of high labor intensity, complex use environment and danger, the work which is not tired can improve the efficiency, the labor is reduced, the labor cost of enterprises and other factors are reduced, and a plurality of people can also gradually realize the working conditions.

The birth of AGV is a breakthrough in the field of logistics transportation, can automatically complete transportation and stacking according to instructions, does not need manual intervention, and is equipment with higher automation degree.

Most all are small-size piling car at present, and counter weight formula AGV fork truck is few, and this is because counter weight fork truck tonnage is big, plays to rise, inclines, turns to and all uses hydraulic control, and electric hydraulic control is complicated, if need the precision very high, that cost can increase at double. The steering axle on the electric balancing weight forklift is also driven by the hydraulic cylinder, the advantages are obvious, and the defects are also obvious:

1. the oil cylinder is large in size and inconvenient to arrange;

2. the oil cylinder can only do linear motion, and a complex mechanical structure is needed for converting rotary motion;

3. the oil cylinder is difficult to control accurately, a hydraulic system needs power drive, a hydraulic valve, a pipeline, the oil cylinder and a liquid medium, and a set of complex system can cause great errors when an execution element is reached;

4. one set of hydraulic system involves each machinery, electrical equipment, and the mechanism is complicated, and is with high costs, and especially high accuracy output, the cost can double.

5. The stroke of the oil cylinder is limited, and the swing angle of the steering axle wheel is limited, so that the steering axle wheel cannot be used greatly.

6. Most of the bridge bodies are steel castings, although the manufacturing cost in the later period is low, the cost for putting into a mold in the earlier period is high, and the cost for thinning the mold can be realized only after a certain amount of manufacturing is needed. And the strength and the toughness of the steel casting are not as good as those of a high-strength high-quality steel plate, the later maintenance is poor, and the updating speed of the product after shaping is slow.

The balanced heavy fork truck will make AGV equipment, just need to change into electronic with the power supply of these actions, and control is simple on the one hand, and cost advantage is obvious on the one hand, and the mode that motor + speed reducer drive directive wheel swung and changes, on the one hand easy control, the pivot angle is accurate on the one hand, and high accuracy control compares the electric hydraulic system, has very big advantage, and we propose a fork truck electric steering axle for this reason.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a fork truck electric steering axle among the solution above-mentioned background art and turn to the uncontrollable, turn to the problem that the precision is not high.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: the utility model provides an electronic steering axle of fork truck, includes motor, wheel hub, the below axle mount pad of motor is equipped with proximity switch, the below of motor is equipped with the speed reducer, the below of speed reducer is equipped with the shaft pontic, wheel hub's the outside is equipped with the tire, the top of tire is equipped with the gear train, the top of gear train is equipped with the axle mount pad, top one side of axle mount pad is equipped with spacing bolt, the top middle part of axle mount pad is equipped with the support, the top of support is equipped with the corner encoder.

The motor is a power source of the electric steering axle, the motor runs after receiving a working instruction, the power is output through the speed reducer, two proximity switches are arranged, when the steering axle rotates leftwards or rightwards to a limit position, the proximity switches trigger an in-place signal to the vehicle-mounted controller, the controller sends a motor stop signal, the motor stops working by braking, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the motor, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the gear set, the gear set is fixed on the axle mounting seat and converts the high-speed low torque of the motor into low-speed high torque, the axle body is a support part of the wheel hub and is fixed with the large gear of the gear set, an operation mechanism is formed by the upper two groups of conical roller bearings and the axle mounting seat, rotating mechanisms are formed by the two sides of the lower part and the wheel hub through two groups of conical roller bearings respectively, the wheel hub is a bearing part of two tires, the wheel hub is a bearing part of the tire, the tire is arranged on the upper surface, the tire is an important component part of the steering axle and supports the whole axle body and is contacted with the ground, and is a part which can not be lost during the running of the vehicle; the gear set consists of a large gear and a small gear, the small gear is arranged on the output end of the speed reducer and drives the large gear to rotate, the large gear is fixed with the axle body of the wheel axle, the axle mounting seat is a supporting body of the steering axle and is connected with a forklift frame and is a base body of the whole steering axle, the limiting bolt is a mechanical safety machine component so as to avoid the out-of-control of an electrical element, the steering axle rotates at an unlimited angle and controls the steering angle of the steering axle within the maximum design range of 186 degrees, the bracket is used for fixing the corner encoder, and the corner encoder is a sensor for measuring the steering angle of the axle body and is used for feeding back the steering angle information of the steering wheel to the vehicle-mounted controller.

Preferably, the proximity switches are arranged on the bridge mounting base below the motor, the speed reducer is arranged below the motor, and the proximity switches are provided with two proximity switches.

The motor uses servo motor, and the motor characteristic is good, matches the driver, and control is more accurate, and the speed reducer uses accurate planetary reducer, has high rigidity, high accuracy, high efficiency, non-maintaining characteristics, and proximity switch installs two, and the difference is left-handed to dextrorotation to the directive wheel and is tarnished and make signal feedback.

Preferably, the axle bridge is fixedly arranged below the speed reducer, and the tire is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the wheel hub.

The axle body is formed by blanking and welding high-quality steel plates, the strength is high, the appearance is attractive, the flexibility is variable, the maintenance is easy, the wheel hub is formed by rolling and welding high-strength steel plates, the strength is high, and the safety is good.

Preferably, the gear unit is arranged above the tyre, and the axle mounting is detachably mounted above the gear unit.

The tire adopts high elasticity solid tire, and elasticity is good, and the wearability is high, and the land fertility is strong, and the durability is good, and whole sexual valence relative altitude, the bridge mount pad use high strength steel processing manufacturing, cooperate two sets of heavy load tapered roller bearings, the axle bridge body rotates nimble, safe and reliable.

Preferably, the limiting bolt is installed on one side of the top end of the bridge installation seat in a threaded mode.

The limiting bolt ensures that the bridge body does not rotate in a limiting way when the electrical element is out of control and error reporting is caused, and plays a role in safety protection.

Preferably, the support is fixedly installed in the middle of the top end of the bridge installation seat.

The support plays certain effect of accepting, guarantees the normal installation of corner encoder.

Preferably, the rotary angle encoder is fixedly mounted at the top end of the bracket.

The turning angle encoder transmits a signal for measuring the turning angle of the axle body to the vehicle-mounted controller, so that the controller can know the swing angle of the turning axle at any time.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the steering axle intensification degree is high, spare part is few, through connection of electric lines battery and vehicle-mounted controller, just can work, the AGV structure has been simplified greatly, use servo motor + planetary reducer, the operation precision is high, high work efficiency, the steering axle is gyration structural design, the pendulum angle of rotation is big, bring littleer turning radius for AGV fork truck, fork truck operation is more nimble, it is spacing that electronics and machinery are installed to the steering axle, it is safer to use, high-quality steel welded structure pontic, good rigidity, the bearing capacity is big, convenient to maintain, the renewal cycle is short, whole sexual valence relative altitude.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a motor; 2. a proximity switch; 3. a speed reducer; 4. an axle body; 5. a hub; 6. a tire; 7. a gear set; 8. a bridge mount; 9. a limit bolt; 10. a support; 11. and a rotation angle encoder.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides an electronic steering axle of fork truck, including motor 1, wheel hub 5, be equipped with proximity switch 2 on motor 1's the below axle mount pad, motor 1's below is equipped with speed reducer 3, speed reducer 3's below is equipped with shaft axle body 4, wheel hub 5's outer wall is equipped with tire 6, tire 6's top is equipped with gear train 7, gear train 7's top is equipped with bridge mount pad 8, top one side of bridge mount pad 8 is equipped with spacing bolt 9, the top middle part of bridge mount pad 8 is equipped with support 10, the top of support 10 is equipped with corner encoder 11.

Specifically, proximity switch 2 sets up on 1 below bridge mount pad 8 of motor, speed reducer 3 sets up the below at motor 1, proximity switch 2 installs two, 4 fixed mounting of shaft pontic are in the below of

speed reducer

3, 6 fixed mounting of tire are at wheel hub 5's outer wall, gear train 7 sets up the top at

tire

6, 8 demountable installation of bridge mount pad are in the top of

gear train

7, 9 threaded mounting of limit bolt are in top one side of bridge mount pad 8, support 10 fixed mounting is at the top middle part of

bridge mount pad

8, 11 fixed mounting of corner encoder is on the top of support 10.

In the embodiment, the motor 1 is a power source of an electric steering axle of a forklift, when a control signal sent by an AGV vehicle-mounted controller is received, the operation is started, and the rotating power is output, the output end is connected with the speed reducer 3, two proximity switches 2 are installed and are installed on a fixed plate of the axle mounting seat 8, when a wheel axle body 4 rotates leftwards or rightwards to a limited position, the proximity switch 2 is triggered, the proximity switch 2 feeds back the trigger signal to the vehicle-mounted controller, the controller sends out an instruction to stop the operation of the motor 1, the speed reducer 3 is installed on the axle mounting seat 8, the input end is connected with the motor 1, the output end is connected with a pinion of the gear set 7, the high-speed low-torque rotating power of the motor 1 is converted into low-speed high-torque rotating power through the pinion connected with the output end of the speed reducer and is transmitted to the gearwheel, the upper part of the wheel axle body 4 forms a rotating mechanism with the axle mounting seat 8 through two groups of large-load tapered roller bearings, the big gear wheel on the gear set 7 is assembled with the big gear wheel, when the small gear wheel connected on the speed reducer 3 rotates, the big gear wheel is driven to rotate, the axle bridge 4 rotates, two sides of the lower part of the axle bridge 4 respectively pass through two groups of tapered roller bearings to form a rotating mechanism with the wheel hub 5, the wheel hub 5 is respectively arranged on two sides of the lower part of the axle bridge 4 through two groups of tapered roller bearings to form two groups of rotating mechanisms which are the bearing bodies of the tires 6, one or two wheels are arranged on each wheel hub 5, the tires 6 are composed of solid rubber tires and wheel rims, the tires 6 are contacted with the ground and are a supporting point of the AGV forklift and are important component parts for the running of vehicles, the gear set 7 is composed of big and small gear wheels, the small gear wheel is arranged on the speed reducer 3, the big gear wheel is arranged on the axle bridge 4, and the small gear wheel rotates to drive the big gear wheel to rotate, the axle mounting seat 8 is fixed with an AGV body and is a supporting body of a steering axle, other parts of the steering axle are connected with the axle mounting seat and is a base body of the whole steering axle, the limiting bolt 9 is arranged on a fixing plate of the axle mounting seat 8 and is a mechanical safety component which is used for preventing the situation that when an electrical element is out of control or receives an error instruction, the motor 1 rotates all the time to cause the situation that the steering axle exceeds a designed swing angle (186 degrees) and is damaged, the bracket 10 is arranged on the upper part of the axle mounting seat 8 and is a supporting piece for installing the corner encoder 11, the corner encoder 11 is connected with the upper part of the axle bridge body 4 through the bracket 10, when the axle bridge body 4 rotates, the swing angle can be accurately measured, and an angle signal is transmitted to an AGV vehicle-mounted controller, let the vehicle-mounted controller master the condition of swinging of directive wheel at any time, be used for making corresponding reaction, guarantee AGV fork truck normal operating, this setting makes steering axle intensification degree high, spare part is few, through connection of electric lines battery and vehicle-mounted controller, just can work, the AGV structure has been simplified greatly, use servo motor + planetary reducer, the operation precision is high, high work efficiency, the steering axle is revolution structural design, swing angle is big, bring littleer turning radius for AGV fork truck, fork truck operation is more nimble, it is spacing that electron and machinery are installed to the steering axle, it is safer to use, high-quality steel welded structure pontic, good rigidity, the bearing capacity is big, be convenient for maintain, the update cycle is short, whole sexual valence relative altitude.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fork truck electric steering axle, includes motor (1), wheel hub (5), its characterized in that: be equipped with proximity switch (2) on the below bridge mount pad (8) of motor (1), the below of motor (1) is equipped with speed reducer (3), the below of speed reducer (3) is equipped with shaft axle body (4), the outside of wheel hub (5) is equipped with tire (6), the top of tire (6) is equipped with gear train (7), the top of gear train (7) is equipped with bridge mount pad (8), top one side of bridge mount pad (8) is equipped with spacing bolt (9), the top middle part of bridge mount pad (8) is equipped with support (10), the top of support (10) is equipped with corner encoder (11).

2. The forklift electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: proximity switch (2) set up on motor (1)'s below bridge mount pad (8), speed reducer (3) set up the below at motor (1), proximity switch (2) are installed two.

3. The forklift truck electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wheel axle body (4) is fixedly arranged on the axle mounting seat (8), and the tire (6) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the wheel hub (5).

4. The forklift electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear set (7) is arranged above the tire (6), and the axle mounting seat (8) is detachably mounted above the gear set (7).

5. The forklift electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the limiting bolt (9) is installed on one side of the top end of the bridge installation seat (8) in a threaded manner.

6. The forklift truck electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support (10) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top end of the bridge installation seat (8).

7. The forklift electric steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary angle encoder (11) is fixedly installed at the top end of the support (10).