CN217895158U - Ammonium bicarbonate solution cyclic decomposition ammonia production system - Google Patents
Ammonium bicarbonate solution cyclic decomposition ammonia production system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ammonia production system by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution, which comprises a solution storage tank, a make-up water inlet, a first heating device, a second heating device and a reactor; the system is characterized in that a first heating device is arranged in the solution storage tank, a supplementing water inlet is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet on the solution storage tank, the top of the solution storage tank is provided with an ammonium bicarbonate solid charging port, a storage tank solution outlet on the side surface of the solution storage tank is communicated with a reactor solution inlet at the bottom of the reactor, a reactor solution outlet on the side surface of the reactor is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet on the solution storage tank, and the system has the advantages of small heat loss, difficulty in escape of ammonia gas and good economy.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the ammonia preparation, a ammonium bicarbonate solution circulation decomposition system ammonia system is related to.
Background
NO x Is one of the main sources of air pollution, photochemical smog and acid rain. According to the standard of "ultra-clean emission", NO of coal-fired boiler before 2020 x The emission must be reduced to 50mg/Nm 3 Hereinafter, this imposes strict requirements on the denitration technique. Among various denitration technologies, the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration process using ammonia gas as a reducing agent has high efficiency and wide application.
At present, ammonia production reagents commonly used in a denitration system comprise liquid ammonia, ammonia water and urea. Although the liquid ammonia method has the advantages of low cost, simple system and the like, ammonia is a national specified type B dangerous product and has great potential safety hazard. Liquid ammonia has certain danger in the transportation and storage process, and is extremely easy to burn and explode when exposed to open fire, thereby greatly limiting the industrial application of the liquid ammonia. Ammonia is also a dangerous chemical, and low concentrations of ammonia irritate the eyes, skin and respiratory system. The ammonia content of ammonia water is low, causes the transportation bulky, and the cost of transportation is higher than liquid ammonia, and needs large-scale storage device, also needs to consume a large amount of heat energy during ammonia preparation. Therefore, the aqueous ammonia process is rarely used in SCR denitration technology. The main advantages of the urea process are its safety, but the urea feed cost is high and the investment and operating costs of the system are higher than those of the liquid ammonia system. In addition, the urea decomposition may generate by-products such as isocyanic acid, which is a main factor causing corrosion of equipment pipes, and biuret, which is insoluble in water and causes clogging and even poisoning of equipment and SCR catalyst together with fly ash.
With = continuous development of flue gas purification technology, countries and places put new demands on the safety of denitration system reducing agents. In order to actively respond to national policies and strengthen the treatment and modification of dangerous chemicals, research and development of novel denitration reducing agents which are more efficient and economical on the basis of meeting safety requirements are urgently needed.
The ammonium bicarbonate is stored in solid particles at normal temperature and normal pressure, is the second most nitrogen fertilizer except urea in China, and has wide sources. Compared with liquid ammonia and ammonia water, the ammonium bicarbonate has no safety problem in storage and transportation. Compared with urea, the decomposition temperature of the ammonium bicarbonate is low, the ammonium bicarbonate can be directly pyrolyzed to generate ammonia gas from a particle state at the temperature of below 100 ℃, and the pyrolysis speed is rapidly increased along with the temperature rise; meanwhile, the ammonium bicarbonate is cheaper than urea, so the potential economy of the ammonium bicarbonate ammonia production system is better.
At present, the technical scheme and the system which utilize ammonium bicarbonate as an SCR ammonia preparation reagent can be mainly divided into two types, namely solid pyrolysis ammonia preparation and solution wet ammonia preparation. The solid pyrolysis method realizes ammonium bicarbonate feeding control (CN 200910086856 and CN 201010276538) through a Venturi mixer and a powder feeding fan, and the ammonium bicarbonate feeding is uneven in actual operation, so that the prepared ammonia gas is easy to fluctuate, and the final denitration effect is influenced.
TABLE 1
The solution wet method ammonia preparation process mainly realizes the preparation of ammonia gas by completely decomposing a high-concentration ammonium bicarbonate solution in a pyrolysis furnace (CN 201010194802) or directly spraying the solution into a flue of a denitration section (CN 202111307077). Such processes have several drawbacks: (1) not considering the problem of low solubility of ammonium bicarbonate (CN 202111307077), the concentration of saturated solution of ammonium bicarbonate at 40 ℃ when stored is only 26% (table 1), which results in a large waste of heat energy due to water evaporation during subsequent thermal decomposition. (2) The possibility of decomposition of the ammonium bicarbonate solution during storage (CN 201010194802) was not considered, and the ammonium bicarbonate solution, when stored at 90 ℃, although the solubility is greatly improved, would cause the escape of a large amount of ammonia (table 1), which presents a storage risk and also causes the waste of raw materials. (3) The energy consumption for decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution is not considered to be mainly caused by the evaporation of water, the ammonium bicarbonate solution starts to be obviously decomposed when the boiling point of the water is close (> 90 ℃), and the evaporation rate of the water is gradually increased along with the increase of the decomposition rate; the prior art aims at completely decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution, and the energy consumption caused by the heat absorption of the evaporation of water in the solution is large, so that the economical efficiency of the ammonium bicarbonate ammonia preparation process is poor.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ammonium bicarbonate solution circulating decomposition ammonia production system, which has the characteristics of small heat loss, difficult escape of ammonia gas and better economy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution comprises a solution storage tank, a make-up water inlet, a first heating device, a second heating device and a reactor;
the solution storage tank is internally provided with a first heating device, a supplementing water inlet is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet on the solution storage tank, the top of the solution storage tank is provided with an ammonium bicarbonate solid feeding port, a storage tank solution outlet on the side surface of the solution storage tank is communicated with a reactor solution inlet at the bottom of the reactor, and a reactor solution outlet on the side surface of the reactor is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet on the solution storage tank.
The first heating device and the second heating device are steam coils or electric heaters.
The first heating device and the second heating device are steam coils.
The solution outlet of the storage tank on the side surface of the solution storage tank is communicated with the solution inlet of the reactor at the bottom of the reactor through a feeding pump.
The reactor solution outlet on the side of the reactor is communicated with the storage tank liquid inlet on the solution storage tank through a circulating pump.
The pressure in the solution storage tank is normal pressure.
The reaction temperature in the reactor is 84-88 ℃, and the reaction pressure in the reactor is normal pressure.
The primary conversion of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the reactor is between 20 and 60 percent.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses an ammonium bicarbonate solution cyclic decomposition system and method utilize the ammonium bicarbonate solution of higher concentration to take place decomposition reaction in the cyclic utilization of system when specifically operating, through reducing the primary conversion rate of ammonium bicarbonate solution in the reactor, restrict the evaporation heat absorption of water, reduce the system energy consumption, the calorific loss is little, promote the economy of ammonium bicarbonate solution system ammonia; in the solution storage tank, the solution storage temperature is controlled by the first heating device, so that no significant decomposition loss is generated under the condition of ensuring that the ammonium bicarbonate is completely dissolved, and the ammonia gas is not easy to escape.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a solution storage tank, 2 is a make-up water inlet, 31 is a first heating device, 32 is a second heating device, 4 is a feed pump, 5 is a reactor, 6 is a circulating pump, 1a is an ammonium bicarbonate solid feed inlet, 1b is a storage tank liquid inlet, 1c is a storage tank solution outlet, 5a is a reactor solution inlet, 5b is a product gas outlet, and 5c is a reactor solution outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the following figures in the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution according to the present invention includes a solution storage tank 1, a make-up water inlet 2, a first heating device 31, a second heating device 32, a feed pump 4, a reactor 5 and a circulating pump 6;
a first heating device 31 is arranged in the solution storage tank 1, a supplementing water inlet 2 is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet 1b on the solution storage tank 1, the top of the solution storage tank 1 is provided with an ammonium bicarbonate solid feeding port 1a, a storage tank solution outlet 1c on the side surface of the solution storage tank 1 is communicated with a reactor solution inlet 5a at the bottom of the reactor 5 through a feeding pump 4, and a reactor solution outlet 5c on the side surface of the reactor 5 is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet 1b on the solution storage tank 1 through a circulating pump 6.
The top of the reactor 5 is provided with a product gas outlet 5b, a second heating device 32 is arranged in the reactor 5, the first heating device 31 and the second heating device 32 are steam coils or electric heaters, and preferably, the first heating device 31 and the second heating device 32 are steam coils for maintaining the temperature of the solution and providing reaction heat.
The utility model discloses a concrete working process does:
1) Putting ammonium bicarbonate solid into a solution storage tank 1 from an ammonium bicarbonate solid feeding port 1a for dissolving, and after being mixed with make-up water and a circulating solution, feeding the mixture into the solution storage tank 1 from a storage tank liquid inlet 1b to prepare an ammonium bicarbonate solution;
2) Heating the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the solution storage tank 1 by the first heating device 31 and maintaining the ammonium bicarbonate solution within a preset temperature range, so that the ammonium bicarbonate solid is completely dissolved without significant decomposition;
3) Enabling the ammonium bicarbonate solution to flow out of a solution outlet 1c of the storage tank and then enter a reactor 5 through a feed pump 4, wherein a second heating device 32 is arranged in the reactor 5, the reaction temperature in the reactor 5 is controlled to be below 90 ℃, and the primary conversion rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution is controlled to be less than 60%;
4) And the product gas generated by the reaction in the reactor 5 is discharged through a product gas outlet 5b for denitration reduction reaction, and the reacted ammonium bicarbonate solution is discharged through a reactor solution outlet 5c and then circulated back to the solution storage tank 1 through a circulating pump 6 for reuse.
The preset temperature range in the step 2) is 60-80 ℃, and the pressure in the solution storage tank 1 is normal pressure.
The reaction temperature in the reactor 5 in the step 3) is 84 to 88 ℃, most preferably 85 to 87 ℃, and the reaction pressure in the reactor 5 is normal pressure.
The primary conversion of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in step 3) is between 20 and 60%, most preferably between 35 and 45%.
The first heating device 31 and the second heating device 32 are heating coils or electric heaters, and preferably, the heating coils of low-temperature steam or flue gas between 90 ℃ and 120 ℃ in a factory or a power plant are used for recycling the waste heat of low-grade heat sources.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
a) The safety is improved, and the raw material cost is reduced: the utility model discloses an ammonium bicarbonate is as ammonia preparation reagent, and ammonium bicarbonate is the big nitrogenous fertilizer of second except urea of china, and the transportation is stored safely, in the transportation potential safety hazard in the aspect of storing when avoiding using liquid ammonia and aqueous ammonia. Compared with urea, the price of urea on the market in 3 months in 2022 is 2900 yuan/ton, while the price of ammonium bicarbonate is 950 yuan/ton. I.e. 1kg NH per production 3 The raw material cost for using urea as a reducing agent is 5.12 yuan, while the raw material cost for using ammonium bicarbonate as a reducing agent is 4.42 yuan, so the raw material cost for using ammonium bicarbonate as an ammonia preparation reagent is lower.
b) The solution circulation volume is reduced, and the storage decomposition loss is controlled: the utility model discloses select the storage temperature of ammonium bicarbonate solution between 60-80 ℃ on the basis of experiment exploration, the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate saturated solution can reach 37-52% under this temperature, has reduced the solution volume in the system under the condition that the same ammonia was exerted oneself, is favorable to reducing the equipment volume. In addition, the escape rate of ammonia gas is below 0.5% when the ammonium bicarbonate solution is stored at the temperature, so that the large-scale decomposition of the ammonium bicarbonate solution is avoided when the ammonium bicarbonate solution is stored.
c) Reducing the energy consumption in the ammonia production process: the utility model discloses a reduce reaction temperature, reduce the primary conversion rate of ammonium bicarbonate solution in reactor 5 between 20-60% to reduce the evaporation endotherm of water under this condition, reduced the reaction energy consumption. The ammonium bicarbonate solution which is not completely reacted is circulated back to the solution storage tank 1 to be prepared into ammonium bicarbonate concentrated solution for reuse.
d) And (3) waste heat utilization: the decomposition reaction is carried out at <90 ℃ after reducing the primary conversion, so that only a heat source around 110 ℃ is required to supply heat for the decomposition reaction. The low-grade auxiliary steam in the industry or the power plant can be fully utilized as a heat energy source, the industrial waste heat is fully utilized, the energy conservation and emission reduction are facilitated, and the system economy is improved.
Claims (8)
1. A system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution is characterized by comprising a solution storage tank (1), a make-up water inlet (2), a first heating device (31), a second heating device (32) and a reactor (5);
a first heating device (31) is arranged in the solution storage tank (1), a supplementing water inlet (2) is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet (1 b) on the solution storage tank (1), an ammonium bicarbonate solid feeding port (1 a) is arranged at the top of the solution storage tank (1), a storage tank solution outlet (1 c) on the side face of the solution storage tank (1) is communicated with a reactor solution inlet (5 a) at the bottom of the reactor (5), and a reactor solution outlet (5 c) on the side face of the reactor (5) is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet (1 b) on the solution storage tank (1).
2. The system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the first heating device (31) and the second heating device (32) are steam coils or electric heaters.
3. The system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the first heating device (31) and the second heating device (32) are steam coils.
4. The system for producing ammonia by circulating decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the tank solution outlet (1 c) on the side of the solution tank (1) is communicated with the reactor solution inlet (5 a) at the bottom of the reactor (5) through the feed pump (4).
5. The system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein a reactor solution outlet (5 c) on the side of the reactor (5) is communicated with a storage tank liquid inlet (1 b) on the solution storage tank (1) through a circulating pump (6).
6. The system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the solution storage tank (1) is normal pressure.
7. The system for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing the ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature in the reactor (5) is 84-88 ℃, and the reaction pressure in the reactor (5) is normal pressure.
8. The system for producing ammonia by circulating decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate solution according to claim 1, wherein the first conversion rate of the ammonium bicarbonate solution in the reactor (5) is between 20-60%.
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| CN202222468653.5U CN217895158U (en) | 2022-09-16 | 2022-09-16 | Ammonium bicarbonate solution cyclic decomposition ammonia production system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115417427A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-02 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | System and method for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115417427A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-02 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | System and method for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution |
| CN115417427B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2024-01-30 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | System and method for preparing ammonia by circularly decomposing ammonium bicarbonate solution |
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