CN217891781U

CN217891781U - Miniature single screw extruder

Info

Publication number: CN217891781U
Application number: CN202221753316.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周建武; 戴兴良; 吴毅恒; 李金胜; 何一帆; 李延昊
Original assignee: Zhejiang Zinc Core Titanium Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Zinc Core Titanium Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-07
Filing date: 2022-07-07
Publication date: 2022-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniature single screw extruder, constitute including adjustable frame device, control system, extrusion system, actuating system and feed system. The control system is arranged at the lower part of the machine base, the extrusion system, the feeding system and the driving system are arranged at the upper part of the machine base, the extrusion system comprises a machine barrel and a rotatable screw rod, and the feeding system is arranged at one end of the machine barrel close to the driving device; the driving device comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer and a coupler connected with the screw rod; the feeding system is provided with a heating sleeve and a nitrogen injection port; when the extrusion molding machine works, materials are added into the feeding system, the driving system drives the screw to feed the materials into the machine barrel, the heating sleeve heats the machine barrel to melt the materials, and the screw rotates to extrude the materials. The utility model provides a miniature single screw extruder can process all kinds of materials, especially to the sensitive type material of water oxygen, has obvious improvement to the etiolation in the optical material course of working for the research and development progress and the industrialization of new material are applied and are verified.

Description

Miniature single screw extruder

Technical Field

The utility model discloses the application relates to single screw extruder technical field, in particular to miniature single screw extruder.

Background

The single-screw extruder can fully mix and extrude various granular raw materials and a small amount of liquid raw materials and then output the granular raw materials, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, and has efficient and continuous mixing and forming processes, so that the application range is not limited to the processing of rubber and plastic products, and the single-screw extruder is widely applied to the fields of new material research and development, foods, pharmacy, fine chemical engineering and the like.

In the field of new material research and development, new raw materials and processing aids need to be used continuously, many raw materials and processing aids are expensive, process conditions such as drying and nitrogen protection are needed, and different raw materials often need different types of single-screw structures. The traditional single-screw extruder is large in size due to the fact that parts are formed, friction heat is high in the extrusion process, external cooling systems are added to multiple moving parts, the size of the extruder is large, screws with different functions need to be replaced by different materials in the extrusion work of small doses and multiple batches, the diameter of the screw used by the traditional single-screw extruder is large, the length of the screw is long, the time for replacing the screw is long, the replacement process is complex, the movable range of a glove box is small, the hand operation is influenced by gloves, operation is inconvenient, and the problem that scientific research personnel who research and develop new materials in small doses and multiple batches is difficult to achieve due to the fact that the parts need to be in the glove box environment for a long time is solved. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, a miniature single-screw extruder is designed, and the miniature single-screw extruder has the advantages of small occupied area, flexible adjustment of extruder positions, screw replacement and the like, realizes small-dose multi-batch extrusion experiments, and accelerates the research and development progress and industrialized application verification of new materials.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a miniature single screw extruder to solve the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background art, promote new material formula development and industrial production's needs.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a miniature single screw extruder which is characterized in that: a miniature single screw extruder which is characterized in that: the extrusion machine comprises an adjustable base device, a control system, an extrusion system, a driving system and a feeding system, wherein the control system is fixedly connected with the lower part of the adjustable base device through a screw, the extrusion system is fixedly connected with the feeding system through a screw, the driving system is fixedly connected with the upper part of the adjustable base device through a quick-release screw, the feeding system is fixedly connected with the upper part of the adjustable base device through a screw, and the extrusion system, the driving system and the feeding system are on the same axis;

the extrusion system comprises a machine barrel, a rotatable screw, a mouth mold and a sealing ring, wherein a feeding system is arranged at one end of the machine barrel close to a driving system, and a machine barrel heating sleeve and a machine barrel thermocouple are arranged on the machine barrel;

the driving system comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer and a coupler connected with the rotatable screw;

the feeding system is provided with a feeding hopper, a feeding heating jacket, a feeding thermocouple, a machine barrel hopper fixing seat and a nitrogen injection port.

Preferably, the adjustable base device is composed of a fixed plate, a rotating shaft and a locking screw, and the locking screw and the rotating plate are fixed on the fixed plate through the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the material of the cylinder is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the outer diameter of the cylinder is 28-32 mm, and the unilateral gap between the inner diameter of the cylinder and the outer diameter of the rotatable screw is 0.2-0.4 mm.

Preferably, the material of the rotatable screw is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the diameter of the rotatable screw is 14-18 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the rotatable screw is 1:20 to 1:24, the thread depth of the rotatable screw is 2-4 mm, the thread width of the rotatable screw is 2-3 mm, and the average helix angle of the rotatable screw is 36 degrees.

Preferably, the compression ratio of the rotatable screw is 2-3, the length of the solid conveying section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw, the length of the compression section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw, the length of the homogenization section accounts for 20-30% of the length of the rotatable screw, the head of the rotatable screw is a torpedo head, and the torpedo head accounts for 10% of the length of the rotatable screw.

Preferably, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the control system through screws, the rotating plate is fixedly connected with the feeding system through screws, the rotating plate is connected with the driving system through quick-release screws, and the extrusion system is fixedly connected with the feeding system through screws, so that the rotation in the direction of-180 degrees to 180 degrees can be realized.

Preferably, the control system is electrically connected with the servo motor, the cylinder heating jacket cylinder thermocouple, the feeding heating jacket and the feeding thermocouple through wires, and the temperatures of the extrusion system and the feeding system and the speed of the driving system are adjusted through the PLC control cabinet and the HMI controller.

Preferably, the extrusion diameter of a mouth mold of the extrusion system is 1-5 mm, and the effective speed regulation range of a rotatable screw of the extrusion system is-300 r/min.

Preferably, the outer cover of barrel heating jacket has the aerogel insulation cover, and operating temperature does not exceed 400 degrees.

Preferably, the servo motor power of the driving system is 400-700 w, and the reduction ratio of the speed reducer is 1:5 to 1:10.

the utility model discloses a technological effect and advantage: the miniature single-screw extruder integrates the extrusion system, the driving system, the feeding system and the control system into a whole, has more compact equipment and smaller volume, and is convenient to move to different places for use; the control cabinet and the extrusion system can rotate in the-180 degrees direction through the adjustable base device, and can be adjusted to a proper extrusion angle in glove boxes with different size directions; the quick-release screw can be quickly separated from the driving system, and is matched with an extrusion system for use, so that screws of different types can be replaced conveniently and the screws can be cleaned conveniently; the heating of the extrusion machine and the operation of the control motor are conveniently controlled by the PLC and the HMI control system in cooperation with the use of the heating and servo motors; the rotating speed and the rotating direction of the servo motor are set through the HMI, and the materials are conveniently mixed in a reciprocating manner in the machine barrel by matching with the physical properties of different materials; through the use of the heater of the feeding system and the nitrogen injection port, the extrusion speed control of the driving system is matched, so that the materials can still realize the drying and nitrogen protection effects in the charging hopper without being in the nitrogen atmosphere.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the micro single-screw extruder of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the feeding system of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the adjustable base device of the micro single screw extruder structure of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the screw replacement of the micro single screw extruder structure of the present invention

In the figure: 1. the device comprises an adjustable base device, a control system 2, an extrusion system 3, a drive system 4, a feeding system 5, a fixing plate 11, a rotating plate 12, a rotating shaft 13, a locking screw 14, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 21, an HMI (human machine interface) controller 22, a machine barrel 31, a machine barrel heating sleeve 311, a machine barrel heating sleeve and a control system 312, a barrel thermocouple, 32, a rotatable screw, 33, a die, 34, a sealing ring, 41, a servo motor, 42, a speed reducer, 43, a coupler, 51, a feeding hopper, 52, a feeding heating sleeve, 53, a feeding thermocouple, 54, a hopper fixing seat, 55, a nitrogen injection port

Detailed Description

The present application is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments described below or between the technical features may form a new embodiment.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In any embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a miniature single screw extruder, adjustable frame device 1, control system 2, extrusion system 3, actuating system 4 and feed system 5, control system 2 passes through screw and adjustable frame device 1 lower part fixed connection, extrusion system 3 passes through screw and feed system 5 fixed connection, actuating system 4 passes through quick detach screw and adjustable frame device 1 upper portion fixed connection, feed system 5 passes through screw and adjustable frame device 1 upper portion fixed connection, extrusion system 3, actuating system 4 and feed system 5 are on the same axis;

the extrusion system 3 comprises a cylinder 31, a rotatable screw 32, a die 33 and a sealing ring 34, wherein the feeding system 5 is installed at one end of the cylinder 31 close to the driving system 4, and a cylinder heating sleeve 311 and a cylinder thermocouple 312 are installed on the cylinder 31;

the driving system 4 comprises a servo motor 41, a speed reducer 42 and a coupling 43 connected with the rotatable screw 32;

the feeding system 5 is provided with a feeding hopper 51, a feeding heating jacket 52, a feeding thermocouple 53, a cylinder hopper fixing seat 54 and a nitrogen injection port 55 as shown in fig. 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the adjustable engine base device 1 is composed of a fixed plate 11, a rotating plate 12, a rotating shaft 13 and a locking screw 14, wherein the locking screw 14 and the rotating plate 12 are fixed on the fixed plate 11 through the rotating shaft 13.

Specifically, the material of the cylinder 31 is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the outer diameter of the cylinder 31 is 28-32 mm, and the unilateral gap between the inner diameter of the cylinder 31 and the outer diameter of the rotatable screw 32 is 0.2-0.4 mm.

Specifically, the material of the rotatable screw 32 is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the diameter of the rotatable screw 32 is 14-18 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the rotatable screw 32 is 1:20 to 1:24, the thread depth of the rotatable screw 32 is 2-4 mm, the width of the thread ridge of the rotatable screw 32 is 2-3 mm, and the average helix angle of the rotatable screw 32 is 36 degrees.

Specifically, the compression ratio of the rotatable screw 32 is 2-3, the length of the solid conveying section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw 32, the length of the compression section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw 32, the length of the homogenizing section accounts for 20-30% of the length of the rotatable screw 32, the head of the rotatable screw 32 is a torpedo head, and the torpedo head accounts for 10% of the length of the rotatable screw 32.

Specifically, the fixed plate 11 is fixedly connected with the control system 2 through a screw, the rotating plate 12 is fixedly connected with the feeding system 5 through a screw, the rotating plate 12 is connected with the driving system 4 through a quick-release screw, and the extrusion system 3 is fixedly connected with the feeding system 5 through a screw, so that the rotation in the direction of-180 degrees to 180 degrees can be realized.

Specifically, the control system 2 is electrically connected with the servo motor 41, the barrel heating jacket 311, the barrel thermocouple 312, the feeding heating jacket 52 and the feeding thermocouple 53 through wires, and adjusts the temperature of the extrusion system 3 and the feeding system 5 and the speed of the driving system 4 through the PLC control cabinet 21 and the HMI controller 22.

Specifically, the extrusion diameter of the neck ring 33 of the extrusion system 3 is 1-5 mm, and the effective speed regulation range of the rotatable screw 32 of the extrusion system 3 is-300 r/min.

Specifically, the outside cover of barrel heating jacket 311 has the aerogel insulation cover, and operating temperature is no longer than 400 degrees.

Specifically, the power of the servo motor 41 of the driving system 4 is 400 to 700w, and the reduction ratio of the speed reducer 42 is 1:5 to 1:10.

The working principle of the application is as follows:

the micro single-screw extruder is placed on a workbench, the extrusion direction is adjusted and fixed through an adjusting screw of the adjustable base device 1, and the installation can be completed by switching on a power supply and a gas source (nitrogen). The barrel heating jacket 311 heating temperature and the feed heating jacket 52 heating temperature are simultaneously set by the HMI controller 22, and then the barrel 31 and the feed heating jacket 52 are heated to the designated temperatures. When the dry type material feeding device is used, required materials (different formulas) are placed into the feeding hopper 51 through the feeding system 5, the air source is opened, the heating of the heating sleeve 52 of the feeding hopper and the nitrogen injection of the nitrogen injection port 55 are performed, the agglomeration and fault phenomena in the feeding process are avoided while the materials are effectively dried, and therefore the influence of water oxygen on oxidation and yellowing in the material processing process is reduced. The operating speed of the servo motor 41 is set through the HMI controller 22, then the servo motor 41 is operated to the designated speed, the servo motor 41 drives the gear box 42, the rotatable screw 32 is driven to rotate through the gear box 42 and the coupler 43, the material in the feeding hopper 51 is conveyed into the machine barrel 31 through the rotation of the rotatable screw 32, and then the material is compressed, melted and extruded under the combined action of the machine barrel 31 and the rotatable screw 32. When partial materials are filled in the machine barrel 31, a reciprocating operation program is set through the HMI controller 22, the special rotatable screw 32 is used for enabling the molten materials to be mixed in the machine barrel 31 in a reciprocating mode, and the rotatable screw 32 increases the material dispersing and mixing effect through repeated switching of positive rotating speed and negative rotating speed. When a new recipe is replaced, as shown in fig. 4, the driving system 4 is detached by a quick-release screw, the sealing ring 34 is loosened to pull out the original rotatable screw 32, the new rotatable screw 32 is inserted, the sealing ring 34 is screwed, and finally the driving system 4 is installed back by the quick-release screw, and then the next recipe is extruded.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. The various features described in the foregoing detailed description may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations are not described again. The various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, so long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, it should be regarded as the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniature single screw extruder which characterized in that: the extrusion machine comprises an adjustable base device (1), a control system (2), an extrusion system (3), a driving system (4) and a feeding system (5), wherein the control system (2) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the adjustable base device (1) through a screw, the extrusion system (3) is fixedly connected with the feeding system (5) through a screw, the driving system (4) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the adjustable base device (1) through a quick-release screw, the feeding system (5) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the adjustable base device (1) through a screw, and the extrusion system (3), the driving system (4) and the feeding system (5) are on the same axis;

the extrusion system (3) comprises a machine barrel (31), a rotatable screw (32), a mouth mold (33) and a sealing ring (34), wherein a feeding system (5) is arranged at one end of the machine barrel (31) close to the driving system (4), and a machine barrel heating sleeve (311) and a machine barrel thermocouple (312) are arranged on the machine barrel (31);

the driving system (4) comprises a servo motor (41), a speed reducer (42) and a coupler (43) connected with the rotatable screw (32);

the feeding system (5) is provided with a feeding hopper (51), a feeding heating jacket (52), a feeding thermocouple (53), a machine barrel hopper fixing seat (54) and a nitrogen injection port (55).

2. A miniature single screw extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the adjustable base device (1) is composed of a fixed plate (11), a rotating plate (12), a rotating shaft (13) and a locking screw (14), and the locking screw (14) and the rotating plate (12) are fixed on the fixed plate (11) through the rotating shaft (13).

3. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material of the cylinder (31) is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the outer diameter of the cylinder (31) is 28-32 mm, and the unilateral gap between the inner diameter of the cylinder (31) and the outer diameter of the rotatable screw (32) is 0.2-0.4 mm.

4. A miniature single screw extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the material of the rotatable screw (32) is 304 stainless steel or 316 stainless steel, the diameter of the rotatable screw (32) is 14-18 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the rotatable screw (32) is 1:20 to 1:24, the thread depth of the rotatable screw (32) is 2-4 mm, the thread width of the rotatable screw (32) is 2-3 mm, and the average helix angle of the rotatable screw (32) is 36 degrees.

5. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compression ratio of the rotatable screw (32) is 2-3, the length of the solid conveying section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw (32), the length of the compression section accounts for 30-40% of the length of the rotatable screw (32), the length of the homogenization section accounts for 20-30% of the length of the rotatable screw (32), the head of the rotatable screw (32) is a torpedo head, and the torpedo head accounts for 10% of the length of the rotatable screw (32).

6. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the fixed plate (11) is fixedly connected with the control system (2) through screws, the rotating plate (12) is fixedly connected with the feeding system (5) through screws, the rotating plate (12) is connected with the driving system (4) through quick-release screws, and the extrusion system (3) is fixedly connected with the feeding system (5) through screws, so that the rotation in the direction of-180 degrees to 180 degrees can be realized.

7. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the control system (2) is electrically connected with the servo motor (41), the cylinder heating sleeve (311), the cylinder thermocouple (312), the feeding heating sleeve (52) and the feeding thermocouple (53) through conducting wires, and the temperatures of the extrusion system (3) and the feeding system (5) and the speed of the driving system (4) are adjusted through the PLC control cabinet (21) and the HMI controller (22).

8. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extrusion diameter of a mouth mold (33) of the extrusion system (3) is 1-5 mm, and the effective speed regulating range of a rotatable screw (32) of the extrusion system (3) is-300 r/min.

9. A miniature single screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outside cover of barrel heating jacket (311) has the aerogel insulation cover, and operating temperature is no longer than 400 degrees.

10. A miniature single screw extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the power of a servo motor (41) of the driving system (4) is 400-700 w, and the reduction ratio of a speed reducer (42) is 1:5 to 1:10.