CN217869213U - Device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning chip without drying - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning slices without drying. Feeding polyester/polyamide chips into an extruder, plasticizing and melting the chips under the action of heating and screw shearing at the feeding section, uniformly mixing the chips through a barrier section, establishing higher melt pressure, reducing the melt pressure and quickly forming a film at a film forming and dewatering section, quickly removing moisture on the surface interface of the polymer melt through a negative pressure system, conveying the dewatered melt to a filter and a metering pump, and finally flowing out through a spinning assembly and drafting to prepare polyester/polyamide fibers; the utility model discloses avoid using conventional sliced off-line drying system, reduced production links such as section pre-crystallization and drying, realized the sliced direct melt spinning of polyester and polyamide, avoided high-energy consumption's drying system to shorten process flow and cycle by a wide margin, reduce the energy consumption and improve production efficiency.

Description

Device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning chip without drying

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a spinning technical field especially relates to a slice spins and exempts from dry preparation polyester fiber or polyamide fiber's device.

Background

The polyester polycondensation and the polyamide polycondensation have low equilibrium coefficient, and small molecular water participates in the polycondensation, and the water is a control factor of the kinetics of the polycondensation, so that the polyester and the polyamide are easy to generate reverse polycondensation reaction when meeting water at high temperature, thereby reducing the molecular weight of the polymer. Thus, residual moisture in polyester and polyamide chips can degrade such resins during melt extrusion processing, reducing melt viscosity and affecting product quality. In order to avoid hydrolysis reaction of the resin, the resin chips must be subjected to a drying treatment before melting. Currently, the industrial drying of polyester/polyamide chips is mainly carried out by off-line equipment, and commonly used industrial equipment comprises a vacuum rotary drum, a boiling drying oven, a tower type flap drying device, a horizontal spiral propelling drying device and the like. However, the methods have the defects of high equipment investment, complex process flow, long period, high energy consumption and the like, so that the development of an online rapid drying device has very important practical significance for preparing polyester fibers or polyamide fibers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to prior art's the aforesaid is not enough, the utility model provides a device of polyester and polyamide section melting back rapid dehydration through implement environment such as high efficiency film forming, high temperature and vacuum to the fuse-element, makes the quick desorption of moisture, has avoided the hydrolysis reaction of fuse-element, has kept the viscosity of fuse-element, can realize the sliced direct melt spinning of polyester and polyamide, provides a brand-new efficient preparation facilities for polyester fiber or polyamide fiber's industrial production.

The utility model discloses a dry preparation polyester fiber or polyamide fiber's device is exempted from in section spinning, including extruder and spinning machine, the extruder includes the barrel and sets up intermeshing's three screw rod in the barrel is side by side or triangle-shaped range, the screw rod divide into a plurality of functional areas, is feeding section, the mixed section of melting, barrier section, film-forming dehydration section, fuse-element transport section along its axial in proper order, every functional area corresponds a temperature control components outside the barrel, the barrel corresponds film-forming dehydration section is equipped with takes off and waves the mouth, it is connected with the negative pressure system to take off and wave the mouth, the extruder with the corresponding position of feeding section is equipped with the feed inlet, the discharge gate of extruder with the feed inlet of spinning machine is linked together.

Further, the ratio L/D of the total length L of the screw to the outer diameter D of the film forming element is 23-30.

Further, the melt-kneading segment length was 6.6D, and consisted of 4 forward screw elements and 3 kneading block elements; the leads of the 4 forward spiral elements along the melt conveying direction are 1D, 0.75D and 0.5D; each kneading block element has a length of 1.2D and a kneading sheet thickness of 0.2D, and the kneading sheet stagger angles are 30 °, 60 °, 90 ° in the melt conveying direction, respectively; the polymer stays for 0.3 to 3s in the period, and is rapidly melted.

Further, the length of the barrier section is composed of 1 reverse spiral element, and the lead is 0.25-0.6D.

Further, the length of the film-forming dehydration section is 6D, the film-forming dehydration section consists of 3-section lead 2D forward spiral elements, the spiral angle of the elements is 36.5 degrees, the depth of a spiral groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of a spiral edge is 0.12D; the section, the cylinder and the devolatilization port arranged above the section form a water evaporation chamber. The polymer melt forms a melt film with the thickness of 0.8 to 2um under the control of a large lead element, and the negative pressure effect is combined, so that the water in the melt is quickly removed within the time range of 0.2 to 1.2s.

Further, the length of the feeding section is 4 to 6.5D, the feeding section sequentially consists of 3~5 forward spiral elements along the length direction of the screw assembly, and the lead is 1.5D, 1D or 1.5D, 1D and 1D respectively along the melt conveying direction.

Further, the length of the melt conveying section is 7-10D, the melt conveying section consists of 7~9 forward spiral elements, the lead range is 0.75-1.5D along the melt conveying direction, and finally 3 or 4 elements are repeated elements with the lead of 0.75D.

Further, the temperature control assembly comprises a heating block, a cooling water channel in the cylinder wall and a temperature control sensor.

Further, the negative pressure system comprises a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the devolatilization port.

With polyester chip or polyamide chip feeding the utility model discloses an extruder, the slice is in the feeding section plasticizes the melting under heating and screw rod shearing action, through protective screen section misce bene and establish higher melt pressure, at the decline of film-forming dehydration section melt pressure and quick film forming to by the moisture at negative pressure system desorption polymer melt surface interface fast, the fuse-element after the dehydration is carried to the spinning machine and is flowed out and the draft prepares out polyester/polyimide fiber.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, can gain following beneficial effect:

1) Through the optimal combination of the screw and the structure thereof, the melt has larger exhaust interface area and interface updating frequency, so that the moisture wrapped in the melt can be rapidly transferred to the surface, and the rapid volatilization of water vapor is promoted.

2) The melt is quickly formed into a film and the water is quickly vaporized in a negative pressure environment and is removed from the system in a short time (0.2 to 1s), so that the occurrence of hydrolysis reaction is avoided, and the viscosity of the melt is effectively maintained.

3) The off-line drying system of the conventional chip is avoided, the production links such as chip pre-crystallization and drying are reduced, the direct melt spinning of the polyester and polyamide chips is realized, the drying system with high energy consumption is avoided, the process flow and the period are greatly shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a barrel and a screw of an extruder according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a side view of the inside of the barrel of the extruder of the present invention.

1. A barrel; 2. a screw; 3. a feeding section; 4. a melting and mixing section; 5. a barrier section; 6. a film forming and dewatering section; 7. a melt conveying section; 8. a temperature control assembly; 9. devolatilizing; 10. a negative pressure system; 11. a feed inlet; 12. a heating block; 13. a cooling water passage.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model discloses a dry preparation polyester fiber or polyamide fiber's device is exempted from in section spinning, including extruder and spinning machine (not shown in the figure), the extruder includes barrel 1 and sets up three screw rod 2 of intermeshing in barrel 1, be side by side type or triangle-shaped range, screw rod 2 divide into a plurality of functional areas, be feed zone 3 along its axial in proper order, the mixed section 4 of melting, barrier section 5, film forming dehydration section 6, melt conveying section 7, every functional area corresponds a temperature control component 8 outside barrel 1, barrel 1 corresponds film forming dehydration section 6 and is equipped with devolatilization mouth 9, devolatilization mouth 9 is connected with negative pressure system 10, the extruder is equipped with feed inlet 11 with the corresponding position of feed zone 3, the discharge gate of extruder is linked together with the feed inlet 11 of spinning machine.

Feeding polyester chips or polyamide chips into an extruder, plasticizing and melting the chips under the action of heating and shearing of a screw 2 at a feeding section 3, uniformly mixing the chips through a barrier section 5, establishing higher melt pressure, reducing the melt pressure and quickly forming a film at a film forming and dewatering section 6, quickly removing the moisture on the surface interface of the polymer melt through a negative pressure system 10, conveying the dewatered melt to a spinning machine through a metering section, and discharging and drafting to prepare the polyester/polyimide fiber.

The ratio L/D of the total length L of the screw 2 to the outer diameter D of the film-forming element is 23 to 30, and in an implementable manner, L/D is 24.45.

The length of the melt-mixing section 4 is 6.6D, and the melt-mixing section consists of 4 forward spiral elements and 3 kneading block elements; the lead of the 4 forward spiral elements along the melt conveying direction is 1D, 0.75D and 0.5D, wherein the lead is 1D element, the spiral angle is 18.2 degrees, the spiral groove depth is 0.12D, and the spiral edge thickness is 0.12D; the lead is 0.75D element, the helix angle is 13.7 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.1D; the lead is 0.5D element, the helical angle is 9.1 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.075D; the length of the forward kneading block elements was 1.2D, the thickness of the kneading sheet was 0.2D, and the kneading sheet stagger angles were 30 °, 60 °, and 90 ° respectively in the melt conveying direction. The material is continuously compressed, exhausted and gradually melted by using the spiral elements with gradually reduced leads, and the material is quickly melted and uniformly mixed by using the kneading disc elements.

The length of the barrier section consists of 1 reverse spiral element, and the lead is 0.25 to 0.6D; in one practical mode, the lead of the reverse spiral element is 0.6D, the spiral angle is 10.8 degrees, the depth of a spiral groove of the spiral is 0.12D, and the thickness of a spiral edge of the element is 0.06D; the melt flow entering the film-forming dewatering section 6 is limited by a reversing element, and a melt conveying barrier is established, so that the film-forming dewatering section 6 can keep lower melt pressure.

The length of the film forming and dewatering section 6 is 6D, the film forming and dewatering section is composed of 3 sections of forward spiral elements with 2D lead, the spiral angle of the elements is 36.5 degrees, the depth of a spiral groove is 0.15D, and the thickness of a spiral edge is 0.12D; the section, the cylinder and the devolatilization port arranged above the section form a water evaporation chamber. The polymer melt forms a melt film with the thickness of 0.8-2um under the control of a forward spiral element with large lead 2D, and the negative pressure effect is combined, so that the water in the melt is quickly removed within the time range of 0.2-1s.

The length of the feeding section is 4 to 6.5D, and the feeding section consists of 3~5 forward spiral elements in sequence along the length direction of the screw assembly. In an implementable manner, the length of the feed section 3 is 4D, the feed section in turn being composed of 3 forward-directed spiral elements in the direction of the length of the screw assembly, the leads in the direction of melt transport being 1.5D, 1D respectively. Wherein the lead is 1.5D element, the helix angle is 27.4 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.12D; the lead is 1D element, the helix angle is 18.2 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.1D. The feed section 3 uses a large lead element to provide rapid feed of material to the melt mixing section 4. In another embodiment, the length of the material section 3 is 6.5D, and the material feeding section is composed of 5 forward spiral elements along the length direction of the screw assembly in sequence, and the leads along the melt conveying direction are 1.5D, 1D, and 1D, respectively.

The length of the melt conveying section can be 7 to 10D, the melt conveying section is composed of 7~9 forward spiral elements, the lead range is 0.75 to 1.5D in the melt conveying direction, and finally 3 or 4 elements are repeated elements with the lead of 0.75D. Specifically, the lead is 1.5D element, the helix angle is 27.4 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.12D; the lead is 1D element, the helix angle is 18.2 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.1D; the lead is 0.75D element, the helix angle is 13.7 degrees, the depth of the helical groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the helical ridge is 0.1D. A stable melt pressure is established by the lead-tapered elements and the terminal repeating elements.

Wherein the negative pressure system 10 may comprise a vacuum pump, which is in communication with the devolatilization port 9.

The temperature control assembly 8 may include a heating block 12, a temperature control sensor (not shown in the drawings) for monitoring the temperature inside the drum 1 in real time, and a cooling water passage 13 provided in the wall of the drum 1, and the temperature inside is controlled by the cooling water flowing through the heating block 12 and the cooling water passage 13. For example: the temperature control assembly 8 can control the temperature of each functional zone as follows, the feeding section 3:200-255 ℃, melt-mixing section 4:230-265 ℃, barrier segment 5:240-260 ℃, film-forming dehydration section 6:245-265 ℃, melt conveying section 7:255-270 ℃.

The utility model discloses a screw rod 2 and the optimal combination of structure for the fuse-element has great exhaust interface area and interface update frequency, make the moisture of parcel in the fuse-element can migrate the surface rapidly, promote volatilizing fast of steam, avoid using conventional sliced off-line drying system, reduced production links such as section pre-crystallization and drying, realized the sliced direct melt spinning of polyester and polyamide, the drying system of having avoided high power consumption shortens process flow and cycle by a wide margin, reduce the energy consumption and improve production efficiency.

The utility model discloses a fuse-element forms a film fast and negative pressure environment makes the extremely fast vaporization of moisture and follow the desorption in the system in the very short time (0.2 to 1s), has avoided hydrolysis's emergence, has effectively kept the viscosity of fuse-element.

The above is not relevant and is applicable to the prior art.

Although certain specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of illustration, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be construed as broadly as the present invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and which is susceptible to various modifications or additions and similar arrangements to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber is spun to section drying-free, a serial communication port, including extruder and spinning machine, the extruder includes the barrel and sets up three screw rod of intermeshing in the barrel is side by side or triangle-shaped and arranges, the screw rod divide into a plurality of functional areas, is feeding section, the mixed section of melting, barrier section, film-forming dehydration section, fuse-element transport section in proper order along its axial, every functional area corresponds a temperature control component outside the barrel, the barrel corresponds film-forming dehydration section is equipped with takes off and waves the mouth, it is connected with the negative pressure system to take off and wave the mouth, the extruder with the corresponding position of feeding section is equipped with the feed inlet, the discharge gate of extruder with the feed inlet of spinning machine is linked together.

2. The device for spin-drying-free preparation of polyester fiber or polyamide fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio L/D of the total length L of the screw to the outer diameter D of the film forming element is 23 to 30.

3. The apparatus for producing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by chip spinning drying-free according to claim 1, wherein the melt-kneading block has a length of 6.6D and is composed of 4 forward screw elements and 3 kneading block elements; the leads of the 4 forward spiral elements along the melt conveying direction are 1D, 0.75D and 0.5D; each kneading block element has a length of 1.2D and a kneading sheet thickness of 0.2D, and the kneading sheet stagger angles are 30 °, 60 °, 90 ° in the melt conveying direction, respectively; the polymer stays for 0.3 to 3s in the period, and is rapidly melted.

4. The device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning and drying-free slicing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the barrier section is composed of 1 reverse spiral element, and the lead is 0.25 to 0.6D.

5. The apparatus for producing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning chip without drying according to claim 1, wherein the length of the film-forming dewatering section is 6D, and the apparatus is composed of 3-stage forward spiral elements with 2D lead, the spiral angle of the elements is 36.5 °, the depth of the spiral groove is 0.12D, and the thickness of the spiral edge is 0.12D; the section, the cylinder body and the devolatilization port arranged above the section form a water evaporation chamber; the polymer melt forms a melt film with the thickness of 0.8-2um under the control of a 2D forward spiral element, and the negative pressure effect is combined, so that the water in the melt is quickly removed within the time range of 0.2-1s.

6. The device for preparing polyester fibers or polyamide fibers by spinning chips without drying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the feeding section is 4 to 6.5D, the feeding section consists of 3~5 forward spiral elements in the length direction of the screw assembly, and the leads in the melt conveying direction are 1.5D, 1D or 1.5D, 1D and 1D respectively.

7. The device for preparing polyester fibers or polyamide fibers by spinning and drying the chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the melt conveying section is 7 to 10D, the melt conveying section is composed of 7~9 forward spiral elements, the lead range along the melt conveying direction is 0.75 to 1.5D, and the last 3 or 4 elements are repeated elements with the lead of 0.75D.

8. The device for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning chip without drying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature control component comprises a heating block, a cooling water channel in the cylinder wall and a temperature control sensor.

9. The apparatus for preparing polyester fiber or polyamide fiber by spinning chip without drying as claimed in claim 1, wherein the negative pressure system comprises a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is communicated with the devolatilization port.

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