CN217775166U - Aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hot extrusion die for aluminum alloy forming, which comprises a male die (5) and a female die (7), wherein the male die (5) is fixed on a solid punching plate (4), and the female die (7) is embedded into a female die fixing plate (8); a scraping plate (6) is arranged above the female die fixing plate (8), a through hole penetrating through the male die is formed in the center of the scraping plate (6), an upright spring (9) is fixed on a base of the female die fixing plate (8) through a discharging screw (10), and the upper end of the spring (9) is fixedly connected with the scraping plate (6). The utility model provides the high size uniformity of cup-shaped product has reduced cup-shaped product wall thickness difference, reduces follow-up process time, has improved material utilization.

Description

Aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the metal processing, concretely relates to aluminum alloy precision forming's hot extrusion die.

Background

At present, a certain cup-shaped product is a high-strength aluminum alloy cylindrical part, a whole set of hot extrusion die is adopted for heating, and the cup-shaped product mainly has the following defects in practical application:

1. the hot extrusion die structure of the cup-shaped product is positioned by the inner shapes of a male die and a female die. The whole die is heated to 350 ℃, and the metal is deformed at high temperature, so that the upper template and the lower template are not parallel. Meanwhile, the clearance between the male die and the female die is too large due to the thermal expansion of metal during the heating of the male die and the female die, and the clearance between the male die and the female die is uncontrollable along with the prolonging of the processing time, so that the cup-shaped product has poor size consistency and larger wall thickness difference ratio (the maximum wall thickness reaches 1 mm).

2. During hot extrusion processing, a graphite and molybdenum disulfide mixed reagent is adopted for lubrication, fine graphite particles easily enter an aluminum alloy matrix under hot extrusion, the surface quality is dirty and difficult to clean, and the graphite system foreign impurities pressed into the matrix reduce the strength of the matrix and are difficult to remove in subsequent processes.

3. The cup-shaped product is difficult to demould and easy to deform in the mould, and the difficulty is increased for the subsequent finish turning process.

4. The cup-shaped product produced by adopting the hot extrusion die structure has irregular shape, large wall thickness difference and large subsequent turning amount, thereby causing large material waste.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Problem to prior art existence, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a fashioned hot extrusion die of aluminum alloy is provided exactly, and it improves the size uniformity of cup-shaped product, reduces cup-shaped product wall thickness difference, reduces follow-up process time, improves material utilization.

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is realized by the technical proposal that the device comprises a male die and a female die, wherein the male die is fixed on a fixed punching plate, and the female die is embedded in a female die fixing plate; and a scraping plate is arranged above the female die fixing plate, a through hole penetrating through the male die is formed in the center of the scraping plate, an upright spring is fixed on a base of the female die fixing plate through an unloading screw, and the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected with the scraping plate.

The technical effects of the utility model are that:

1. the female die and the male die are slowly heated by adopting a preheated material section in an extrusion mode, the female die and the male die have uniform thermal expansion and stable temperature rise speed, the gap between the male die and the female die can be controlled, the wall thickness difference of a blank formed by a workpiece can be controlled within 0.15mm, and the dimensional stability and the consistency are very good.

2. The elastic unloading mode of the spring and the scraping plate is adopted, so that the problem that a workpiece cannot be demoulded after being formed is solved, a hot extrusion die is protected, and the damage of rigid scraping to a product is avoided.

3. Adopt the utility model discloses the product percent of pass of processing is high (reach more than 98%), and the interior external surface quality of product obtains obviously improving, does not have defects such as horizontal or vertical crackle, line trace, has laid good basis for shortening follow-up finish turning process time, improving material utilization.

In addition, the lubricant is easy to clean by adopting organic grease, and the inner and outer surfaces of the blank after the workpiece is formed have no foreign objects to be pressed into the matrix, thereby not influencing the processing of the subsequent procedures. The utility model can be widely used for the hot extrusion processing of aluminum alloy of various precise cylindrical parts, and has good universality.

Drawings

The drawings of the utility model are as follows:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a male mold;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the female mold.

In the figure, 1, an upper template; 2. a backing plate; 3. a guide post and a guide sleeve; 4. fixing a punching plate; 5. a male die; 6. a scraping plate; 7. a female die; 8. fixing a female die plate; 9. a spring; 10. a discharge screw; 11. carrying out top punching; 12. a transition cushion block; 13. A top rod; 14. A lower template; 15. a machine tool ejector rod; 16. a screw; 17. a cylindrical pin; 18. a limiting column; 20. provided is a machine platform.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the following figures and examples:

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model comprises a male die 5 and a female die 7, wherein the male die 5 is fixed on a fixed punching plate 4, and the female die 7 is embedded in a female die fixing plate 8; a scraping plate 6 is arranged above the female die fixing plate 8, a through hole penetrating through the male die is formed in the center of the scraping plate 6, an upright spring 9 is fixed on the base of the female die fixing plate 8 through a discharging screw 10, and the upper end of the spring 9 is fixedly connected with the scraping plate 6; the spring 9 has the basic function that after the male die 5 is pressed down and moved, the spring 9 can lift the scraper plate 6, and the male die 5 leaves the female die 7 to restore the feeding state. In addition, after the cup-shaped workpiece is formed in the female die, part of the workpiece surrounds the male die and moves upwards together, and the elastic discharging device consisting of the spring and the scraping plate automatically scrapes the cup-shaped workpiece from the male die.

In order to keep the central through hole of the scraping plate 6 positioned under the female die 5, a guide rod is arranged on the core part of the base of the female die fixing plate 8 positioned on the spring 9 and is in sliding fit with the hole on the scraping plate.

In order to enhance the structural strength and precision of the die, as shown in fig. 1, the die further comprises an upper die plate 1 and a lower die plate 14, wherein the upper die plate 1 is arranged on the solid punching plate 4 and is clamped with a backing plate 2, the upper die plate 1, the backing plate 2 and the solid punching plate 4 are fixedly connected, and the fixed connection mode preferably adopts a screw 16 and a cylindrical pin 17 for positioning connection; the lower template 14 is arranged below the female die fixing plate 8 and is clamped with the transition cushion block 12 and the base plate 2, and the lower template 14, the base plate 2, the transition cushion block 12 and the lower template 14 are fixedly connected; the upper template 1 and the lower template 14 are connected in a sliding way through a guide post and a guide sleeve 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the male die 5 comprises a solid punching plate inserting section, a straight rod section and a punch head from top to bottom, wherein the punch head is of a streamline conical head structure, so that metal can flow reversely in the extrusion process conveniently, and the extrusion force can be reduced; the large diameter of the punch is larger than that of the straight rod section, the size of the large diameter of the punch is reasonable, so that metal flowing and shaping are facilitated, and the inner surface of a workpiece is not pulled to be damaged; the straight rod of the male die and the inner wall of the workpiece are in a suspended state, so that the radial extrusion force and the frictional resistance of the metal to the male die due to reverse flow are reduced. The inserting section of the male die is fastened on the solid punching plate 4 in an interference fit manner.

As shown in fig. 3, the female die 7 comprises a bell mouth, a column hole wall and a conical bottom from top to bottom, and the bell mouth is convenient for automatic guiding when a clamped heating material section is placed into the female die; each section of the cavity of the female die is connected by a straight section and an oblique section, so that the diameter of the bottom of a workpiece is determined, metal flows smoothly to the upper part, and the die can be smoothly demolded, thereby reducing the demolding force. The wall of the column hole is a conical surface with the taper of 1-1.5 degrees, so that smooth demolding of the workpiece is facilitated. The bottom surface in the female die 7 is a tapered bottom, the horn mouth is connected with the wall of the column hole by a transition arc, and the wall of the column hole can also be connected with the tapered bottom by the transition arc.

As shown in figure 3, the center of the conical bottom of the female die 7 is provided with a through hole for mounting the top punch 11. The top punch 11 penetrates through the transition cushion block 12, a distance is reserved between the upper end of the top punch and the inner bottom of the concave die, the lower end of the top punch is in contact with the lower base plate 2, and the concave die 7 and the transition cushion block 12 are in clearance fit with the top punch 11. After the cup-shaped workpiece is formed in the female die, some cup-shaped workpieces can stay in the female die, the ejector rod of the machine tool acts on the ejector rod, the ejector rod acts on the ejection, and the cup-shaped workpieces are ejected out of the female die through the ejection.

Four overflow grooves are symmetrically formed in the end portion of the top punch 11, so that lubricating oil can conveniently flow out of the overflow grooves in the hot extrusion process, and the phenomenon that the size and the shape of a hot extrusion cup-shaped workpiece are unqualified due to excessive accumulation of the lubricating oil is avoided.

The center of the lower template 14 is provided with a matching hole of a mandril 13, and two ends 13 of the mandril are respectively contacted with the jacking punch 11 and a machine tool mandril 15 to play a role in protecting the jacking punch 11.

The utility model discloses install on board 20, two panels of board 20 are put respectively in 1 top of cope match-plate pattern and 14 below of lower bolster, install spacing post 19 in 20 outside four corners of board, and spacing post 19 plays rigidity limiting displacement, can the cup-shaped work piece of effective control end thick size, can protect the mould not damage, do not directly accept the unexpected extrusion of press.

The utility model discloses the use is:

the utility model discloses an inside no longer has heating and controlled temperature's device of mould, the adoption heats high strength aluminum alloy material festival, heating temperature control is in 380 ℃ ~450 ℃ within range, then put into the die with the aluminum alloy material festival after adiabatic clamp will heat, add a little organic grease emollient and take shape the processing, utilize aluminum alloy course of working self to generate heat and material festival temperature, carry out the heat exchange with the terrace die and the die of mould, operate 10 times ~15 times repeatedly, treat that the interior temperature of hot extrusion mould differs little with material festival temperature, hot extrusion becomes cup-shaped work piece quality best, detect the wall thickness difference and the bottom thickness size does not have obvious change with specialized tool. The temperature of the inner cavity of the die and the temperature of the male die can be effectively controlled by controlling the metering and the frequency of adding lubricating oil and the hot extrusion processing rate.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fashioned hot extrusion die of aluminum alloy, includes terrace die (5) and die (7), characterized by: the male die (5) is fixed on the fixed punch plate (4), and the female die (7) is embedded into the female die fixing plate (8); a scraping plate (6) is arranged above the female die fixing plate (8), a through hole penetrating through the male die is formed in the center of the scraping plate (6), an upright spring (9) is fixed on a base of the female die fixing plate (8) through a discharging screw (10), and the upper end of the spring (9) is fixedly connected with the scraping plate (6).

2. The aluminum alloy-formed hot extrusion die as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the male die (5) comprises a solid punching plate inserting section, a straight rod section and a punch head from top to bottom, the punch head is a streamline conical head, and the major diameter of the punch head is larger than that of the straight rod section.

3. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 1, wherein: the female die (7) comprises a horn mouth, a column hole wall and a conical bottom from top to bottom, and the column hole wall is a conical surface with the taper of 1-1.5 degrees.

4. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 3, wherein: the center of the conical bottom of the female die (7) is provided with a through hole for mounting the top punch (11).

5. The aluminum alloy-forming hot extrusion die as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the core part of the spring (9) on the base of the female die fixing plate (8) is provided with a guide rod which is in sliding fit with the opening on the scraping plate.

6. The aluminum alloy-formed hot extrusion die as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the stamping die is characterized by further comprising an upper die plate (1) and a lower die plate (14), wherein the upper die plate (1) is positioned on the solid stamping plate (4) and is clamped with the backing plate (2), and the upper die plate (1), the backing plate (2) and the solid stamping plate (4) are fixedly connected; the lower template (14) is positioned below the female die fixing plate (8) and is clamped with a transition cushion block (12) and a cushion plate (2), and the female die fixing plate (8), the cushion plate (2), the transition cushion block (12) and the lower template (14) are fixedly connected; the upper template (1) and the lower template (14) are connected in a sliding way through a guide post and a guide sleeve (3).

7. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 6, wherein: the top punch (11) penetrates through the transition cushion block (12), the upper end of the top punch is spaced from the inner bottom of the female die, and the lower end of the top punch is in contact with the lower backing plate (2).

8. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 7, wherein: four overflow chutes are symmetrically arranged at the end part of the top punch (11).

9. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 8, wherein: the center of the lower template (14) is provided with a matching hole of a mandril (13), and two ends of the mandril (13) are respectively contacted with the jacking punch (11) and a machine tool mandril (15).

10. The aluminum alloy forming hot extrusion die of claim 9, wherein: including board (20), two panels of board (20) are put respectively in cope match-plate pattern (1) top and lower bolster (14) below, install spacing post (19) in board (20) outside four corners.

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