CN217766408U - Tunnel water leakage and sand leakage test device with variable water stop defect positions - Google Patents
Tunnel water leakage and sand leakage test device with variable water stop defect positions Download PDFInfo
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- CN217766408U CN217766408U CN202220914479.XU CN202220914479U CN217766408U CN 217766408 U CN217766408 U CN 217766408U CN 202220914479 U CN202220914479 U CN 202220914479U CN 217766408 U CN217766408 U CN 217766408U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tunnel of variable stagnant water defective position leaks water and leaks sand test device, include: the rainfall module, the leakage generation module, the collection module and the recording module; precipitation module installs in seepage generation module top, seepage generation module below is equipped with shaped steel bearing support, be equipped with collection module under the seepage generation module, one side of seepage generation module is equipped with the record module. The utility model discloses experimental apparatus is simple clear, can observe the shield structure activity conveniently and subside the condition of deformation to the holistic disturbance of soil body and soil body, is favorable to recording module record test in-process the water leakage, leaks the change condition of sand volume and seepage time isoparametric, to involving in the geotechnical engineering research of relevant soil erosion and water loss, prevention soil body in the engineering construction leaks the harm that water leakage sand caused, all has positive guiding significance in the aspects such as the emergence of reduction engineering and non-engineering accident.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a shield tunnel protection technical field especially relates to a tunnel of variable stagnant water defective position leaks hourglass sand test device.
Background
The city infrastructure development is more and more rapid, especially in the aspect of transportation, in order to make things convenient for people's trip, practices thrift the time on the road, and subway this convenient traffic trip mode is more and more welcomed, but in many subway shield tunnel engineering, often take place to leak water and leak sand calamity, lead to a large amount of subsidences to appear on the ground, produce huge collapse pit even, this has caused very big threat to the safety construction in city.
At present, researches related to laboratory tests of water and sand leakage disasters in tunnel engineering can be divided into three types, the first type is that aiming at different soil conditions of each area, influences on water and sand leakage of tunnels are researched by changing soil types and particle composition, for example, sandy soil layers in partial areas are abundant, cohesive soil layers in some areas are widely distributed, sandy soil particles in some areas are continuous in composition, and broken graded sandy soil in partial areas is abundant. The research mainly discusses the influence of the nature of the soil, does not consider other environmental factors, is different from the actual situation, and the experiment module mainly has the function of screening the soil body. The second type is that different fluid conditions are taken as variables, the influence of different water conditions on water leakage and sand leakage of the tunnel is researched, partial scholars research the influence of different water levels, different water qualities and different water pressures, and the modules of the type focus on water outlet or precipitation modules so as to control the conditions of water flow. The third type mainly studies the influence of different water-stopping defects on water and sand leakage of the tunnel, for example, the factors such as the shape of the water-stopping defect and the size of a damaged opening are considered, the implementation of the test is very complicated mainly by replacing a model of the damaged opening, and the study on the position of the water-stopping defect is limited. The research of the above test indicates that the water leakage and sand leakage evolution of the shield tunnel is a complex problem for many times, needs to consider a plurality of factors such as soil body properties, water flow conditions, water stop defect conditions and the like, and considers that after sandy soil leaks, because the permeability coefficient is increased, the liquid flow is accelerated, so that more soil particles are brought out, and the coupling process is deteriorated. So far, research work on the influence of different water stopping defect positions on water and sand leakage of a tunnel is few, the problem of a sand leakage mechanism is not effectively solved, most of researchers still remain to research the influence of soil properties, water flow conditions and the size of a damaged opening on water and sand leakage of the tunnel, and the experiment and the technical scheme for researching the relation between the water stopping defect positions and seepage erosion are single and lack systematicness and comprehensiveness.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art's is not enough, a tunnel hourglass sand test device of variable stagnant water defective position is provided, through removing and rotating movable type pipeline, open the leak after sandy soil saturation, the monitoring record leaks hourglass sand volume and the soil body subsides the deformation condition, develop the tunnel of simulation under different stagnant water defective position hourglass water hourglass sand model test, leak hourglass sand volume and subside the condition of deformation under the different stagnant water defective position conditions of monitoring, and then go deep into the mechanism of change and the change reason of exploring each parameter at the seepage in-process, propose corresponding prevention in advance leak protection hourglass sand calamity's measure, provide the experimental foundation for city construction prevention tunnel seepage calamity.
In order to realize the utility model discloses a purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
a tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of a water stopping defect comprises a precipitation module, a leakage generation module, a collection module and a recording module; the precipitation module is provided with an umbrella-shaped precipitation device which sprays water to the seepage generation module; the leakage generation module is provided with a box body for simulating leakage and a PVC (polymethyl methacrylate) pipeline which is positioned on the box body and penetrates through the box body, through holes which are matched with the PVC pipeline are arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the box body, leakage openings for simulating leakage are arranged on the surface of the PVC pipeline, and the leakage openings are opened or closed by plugs; the collecting module is a container arranged at the bottom of the leakage generating module and is used for collecting water and sand generated in the leakage generating module; the recording module is a camera arranged outside the leakage generating module.
Furthermore, the precipitation module comprises a water tank for supplying water, the water tank is communicated with the umbrella-shaped precipitation device through a water inlet pipe, a water valve and a float flowmeter are arranged on a pipeline of the water inlet pipe, and the umbrella-shaped precipitation device is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the box body of the leakage generation module.
Furthermore, the box body is formed by assembling five transparent PVC plates, and the top of the box body is open.
Furthermore, a section steel bearing support for supporting is arranged below the leakage generation module, and scale marks are arranged in the vertical direction of the outer surface of the box body of the leakage generation module.
Furthermore, the collecting module is a groove section which is divided into four parts, the volume of the groove section is the same, and the upper part of the groove section is not provided with a cover.
Furthermore, the leak is arranged in the middle of the PVC pipeline, and the center of the PVC pipeline is 110mm away from the upper edge of the transparent plate on the bottom surface of the box body.
Furthermore, the upper part of the back of the box body is provided with a circular overflow hole for ensuring constant water level.
Further, the length of the PVC pipeline is 2 times of the width of the box body, and the PVC pipeline is adjusted in the box body in a rotating and moving mode.
Furthermore, the middle part of the PVC pipeline is provided with a circular leakage opening with the radius of 5mm, and the leakage opening is blocked by a wooden plug when not leaking.
The utility model also provides a tunnel hourglass water and leak sand test method of variable stagnant water defective position, including following step:
s1, filling a soil sample below a PVC pipeline in a box body, installing the PVC pipeline at a water stop defect position, blocking a leakage opening in the middle of the PVC pipeline by using a wooden plug, filling the box body in a layered mode by using the soil sample on the outer surface of the front side of the box body along a vertical fixed scale mark, and distinguishing different soil sample layers by using colored sandy soil.
And S2, mounting the leakage generation module on the profile steel bearing support, placing the collection module under the leakage generation module, and mounting the recording module.
And S3, connecting the umbrella-shaped water descending device with a water inlet pipe, and arranging the umbrella-shaped water descending device in the range of the top part inside the box body to uniformly descend water according to a fixed track.
S4, slowly opening the valve to enable the water level to reach the water level height required by the selected test, and standing for a period of time until the sand is saturated.
And S5, starting the test, opening the recording module for shooting, pulling out a wood plug of a sealed round damaged opening in the middle of the PVC pipeline, adjusting a valve to keep the water level constant, and moving to the next tank and recording the used time after the first tank in the collecting module is filled.
S6, when no sandy soil leaks out from the leakage port of the PVC pipeline in the box body of the leakage generation module and only a large amount of water exists, the collection module is moved out from the lower part of the leakage generation module, the water valve is closed, and the umbrella-shaped water descending device is moved away. And standing until water does not enter from a leakage opening of the PVC pipeline in the leakage generation module.
And S7, analyzing data and obtaining a test conclusion.
Preferably, in the step S1, the soil samples filled in the box body are layered at fixed intervals and heights by using dry sandy soil with particle composition configured according to the test scheme, and are hammered and compacted.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides a tunnel of variable stagnant water defective position leaks water and leaks sand test device and method, can control water level height conveniently, water velocity and stagnant water defect position in the tunnel, the experiment module is transparent visual, can observe the shield activity conveniently to the holistic disturbance of soil body and the condition that the soil body subsides the deformation, be favorable to the water leakage of record module record test in-process, the change condition of leakage sand volume and seepage time isoparametric, thereby can come the production reason of analytical test phenomenon and with each parameter incidence relation between according to the gained parameter, for setting up suitable model with the earth's surface settlement under the different defective position of prediction tunnel established solid basis, to involving the research of relevant soil erosion and water loss among the geotechnical engineering, prevent the harm that soil body leaks water and leaks sand and causes among the engineering construction, all there is positive guiding significance in the aspects such as the emergence of reduction engineering and non-engineering accident.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a tunnel water and sand leakage test device with variable water-stopping defect positions of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the box body of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a PVC pipe structure;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a tunnel water and sand leakage test method with variable water stop defect positions according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. the device comprises a precipitation module, a leakage generation module, a collection module, a recording module, a water tank, a water valve, a water inlet pipe, a floater flowmeter, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a floater flowmeter, a water outlet pipe, an umbrella-shaped precipitation device, a water overflow hole, a box body, a soil sample, a color sand, a scale mark, a PVC pipeline, a leakage opening, a steel bearing support and a steel bearing support, wherein the precipitation module comprises 2, the leakage generation module, 3, the collection module, 4, the recording module, 5, the water tank, 6, the water valve, 7, the water inlet pipe, 8, the floater flowmeter, 9, the umbrella-shaped precipitation device, 10, the overflow hole, 11, the box body, 12, the soil sample, 13, the color sand, 14, the scale mark, 15, the PVC pipeline, 16, the leakage opening and 17.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the tunnel water and sand leakage test device with variable water-stopping defect positions of the embodiment includes: the precipitation module 1, the leakage generation module 2, the collection module 3 and the recording module 4; the precipitation module 1 comprises a water tank 5, a water inlet pipe 7, a water valve 6, a float flowmeter 8 and an umbrella-shaped precipitation device 9, wherein the water tank 5 is connected with one side of the water inlet pipe 7, the water valve 6 is arranged in the middle of the water inlet pipe 7, the other side of the water inlet pipe 7 is connected with the umbrella-shaped precipitation device 9, the float flowmeter 8 is arranged inside the water inlet pipe 7 at the upper end of the umbrella-shaped precipitation device 9, the umbrella-shaped precipitation device 9 is arranged at the top of an inner cavity of the leakage generation module 2, the leakage generation module 2 consists of a box body 5 formed by splicing five transparent PVC plates and a PVC pipeline 15, the top of the box body 5 is not sealed, and the PVC pipeline 15 is arranged inside the lower side of the box body 5 and penetrates through the front side and the back side of the box body 5; a profile steel bearing support 17 with a supporting function is arranged below the leakage generation module 2, and the outer surface of the box body 5 of the leakage generation module 2 in the vertical direction is provided with a scale mark 14 for observing the height of a water level and the height of a soil body in the leakage generation module 2 and the sedimentation change condition; a collecting module 3 is arranged below the section steel load-bearing support 17; the recording module 4 is arranged on one side of the side surface of the box body 5.
Further, the collection module 3 is a groove section divided into four parts equally, the volume of each groove section is the same, and the upper part of the collection module 3 is uncovered.
As shown in fig. 2, 5 circular overflow holes 10 for ensuring constant water level are formed on the upper portion of the back surface of the tank 5.
Furthermore, the bottom of the transparent plates on the front and back of the box body 5 is provided with a circular through hole, and the center of the circular through hole is 110mm away from the upper edge of the transparent plates on the bottom of the box body 5.
Further, the length of the PVC pipe 15 is 2 times of the width of the box body 5, and the PVC pipe can rotate and move in the circular through hole of the box body 5.
As shown in figure 3, the middle part of the PVC pipeline 15 is provided with a circular leakage opening 16 with the radius of 5mm, and the leakage opening 16 is blocked by a wooden plug when not leaking.
Furthermore, the splicing position of the transparent plate of the box body 5 is sealed by glass cement, and the splicing position of the box body 5 and the PVC pipeline 15 is sealed by glass cement at the beginning of the experiment.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a can be used to survey the disturbance of the whole soil body of tunnel hourglass water and hourglass sand in-process and the condition that whole soil body subsides the deformation, detect tunnel sandy soil leak water yield, leak sand volume, seepage time and the time that the native arch formed under different defective position conditions, concrete test method as follows:
s1, closing a water valve 6 in the middle of a water inlet pipe 7, filling a prepared soil sample into a space of 10mm until the inside of a box body 5 touches the bottom of a PVC pipeline 15, then enabling a leakage opening 16 in the middle of the PVC pipeline 15 to face upwards, transversely inserting 375mm into a soil box 5, clockwise rotating for 90 degrees to enable the depth of the PVC pipeline extending into a circular through hole in the bottom of the box body to be 125mm, enabling the PVC pipeline 15 to be located on the side portion of the middle of a tunnel, bonding and fixing the PVC pipeline 15 and the box body 5 of a leakage generation module 2 through glass cement to prevent water leakage and loosening, and plugging the leakage opening 16 of the PVC pipeline 15 through a small wooden plug. Then, scale marks 14 are vertically pasted on the outer surface of the front side of the leakage generation module 2 and used for observing the filling height of sandy soil, dry sandy soil with different grades is filled in a box body 5 of the leakage generation module 2 at intervals of 110mm in height in a layered mode, the grading of the dry sandy soil is configured according to a test scheme and is hammered to be compact, a layer of color sandy soil 13 with the thickness of 5mm is scattered after each layer of dry sandy soil is filled, red sandy soil is used in the embodiment and used for distinguishing the dry sandy soil with different grades, the sandy soil leakage phenomenon with different grades is observed more obviously, if too much sandy soil is filled in the test preparation process, a small shovel can be used for fishing out until the sandy soil is filled to the designated height of 48cm in a layered mode, and the next step is carried out. PVC pipeline 15's length is soil box 5 width twice, thereby realizes the optional position that the stagnant water defect appears in the tunnel through removing PVC pipeline 15 and rotating the depth and the angle of steerable stagnant water defect.
S2, the section steel bearing support 17 is placed on the horizontal ground, the seepage generation module 2 is installed on the section steel bearing support 17, the collection module 3 is placed under the seepage generation module 2, the recording module 4 is arranged on one side of the side face of the box body 5, and the sight glass is over against the through hole of the PVC pipeline 15. In the embodiment, a high-definition camera with 800 ten thousand pixels is used as a recording module, the height is adjusted to enable the scope of the sight glass to completely record the image of the leakage generating module 2, and the height of the recording module 4 of the embodiment is 800mm.
And S3, connecting the umbrella-shaped water descending device 9 with the water inlet pipe 7, and manually enabling the umbrella-shaped water descending device 9 to move in the range of the inclined top part in the box body 5 of the leakage generation module 2. Can make water spill on the sand evenly through umbelliform precipitation ware 9, reduce because the influence that precipitation caused the soil body, through umbelliform precipitation ware 9 precipitation at the sand seepage in-process, also make each position rivers mild motion of the interior sand of box 5 of seepage generation module 2.
S4, before the test is carried out, slowly opening the water valve 6 to enable the water level to reach the height of the water level required by the selected test, such as 55cm, placing for a period of time until sandy soil is saturated, and controlling the water flow speed and the water level height through the water valve 6, the float flowmeter 8 and the overflow hole 10.
S5, starting the test, opening a recording module 4: the camera with 800 ten thousand pixels starts shooting, a cork used for sealing the leakage opening 16 is pulled out, the water valve 6 is adjusted at the same time, the water level height is kept constant, sandy soil can be saturated by absorbing water through the leakage opening 16 in the middle of the PVC pipeline 15 of the cork sealing leakage generation module 2, then a leakage test of the saturated sandy soil is started, the starting time of the test can be controlled, and the time process variable is reduced. After the test is started, sandy soil containing water enters the PVC pipe 15 through the leakage opening 16 in the middle of the PVC pipe 15. The sandy soil that contains water flows into one of them inslot of collection module 3 along the through-hole of PVC pipeline 15 both sides, and after one groove in collection module 3 was filled with, remove to the trench of next cis-position and continue to receive the water sand that the seepage took place module 2 and leak down to note the time of using, can fill the back through simple removal at a trench through collection module 3, use the trench of next cis-position to load, need not take new container to replace, simple easy operation.
S6, when the sand hardly leaks out from the leakage port 16 of the PVC pipeline 15 and only a large amount of water exists, the collecting module 3 is transferred, the water valve 6 is closed, and the umbrella-shaped water descending device 9 is moved away. Standing for a period of time so that the leakage port 16 of the PVC pipeline 15 does not leak water any more. The shooting time of the recording module 4, the placing position of the recording module 4, etc. are adjusted according to the specific test scheme in the present embodiment.
And S7, collecting and summarizing parameters such as water leakage, sand leakage, leakage time and the like in the test process, and analyzing to obtain a conclusion.
To sum up, the utility model provides a tunnel of variable stagnant water defective position leaks water and leaks sand test device and method, can control water level height conveniently, the position of velocity of water and stagnant water defect in the tunnel, the experiment module is transparent visual, can observe the shield activity conveniently to the holistic disturbance of soil body and the condition that the soil body subsides the deformation, be favorable to the record module to record the water leakage volume in the test process, the change condition of the parameter such as sand leakage volume and seepage time, thereby can come the production reason of analytical test phenomenon and with each parameter incidence relation between according to gained parameter, for setting up the suitable model with the earth's surface settlement under the different defect positions in prediction tunnel establish solid basis, to involving the research of relevant soil erosion in the geotechnical engineering, the harm that the prevention soil body leaks water and leaks sand in the engineering construction caused, it all has positive guiding significance to reduce aspects such as the emergence of engineering and non-engineering accident.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel of variable stagnant water defective position leaks water and leaks sand test device which characterized in that: comprises a precipitation module (1), a leakage generation module (2), a collection module (3) and a recording module (4); the precipitation module (1) is provided with an umbrella-shaped precipitation device (9) which sprays water to the seepage generation module (2); the leakage generation module (2) is provided with a box body (11) for simulating leakage and a PVC pipeline (15) which is positioned to penetrate through the box body (11), through holes which are matched with the PVC pipeline (15) are formed in two opposite side surfaces of the box body, a leakage opening (16) for simulating leakage is formed in the surface of the PVC pipeline (15), and the leakage opening (16) is opened or closed by a plug; the collecting module (3) is a container arranged at the bottom of the leakage generating module (2) and is used for collecting water and sand generated in the leakage generating module (2); the recording module (4) is a camera arranged at the outer side of the leakage generating module (2).
2. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of the water stop defect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the precipitation module (1) comprises a water tank (5) for supplying water, the water tank (5) is communicated with an umbrella-shaped precipitation device (9) through a water inlet pipe (7), a water valve (6) and a float flowmeter (8) are arranged on a pipeline of the water inlet pipe (7), and the umbrella-shaped precipitation device (9) is arranged above an inner cavity of a box body (11) of the leakage generation module (2).
3. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device with the variable water stopping defect positions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the box body (11) is formed by splicing five-surface transparent PVC plates, and the top of the box body (11) is open.
4. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of the water stop defect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the leakage generation module is characterized in that a section steel bearing support (17) with a supporting function is arranged below the leakage generation module (2), and scale marks (14) are arranged in the vertical direction of the outer surface of the box body (11) of the leakage generation module (2).
5. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of the water stop defect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the collecting module (3) is a groove section which is divided into four parts equally, the volume of the groove section is the same, and the upper part of the groove section is uncovered.
6. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of the water stop defect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the leakage opening (16) is formed in the middle of the PVC pipeline (15), and a distance is reserved between the lower portion of the PVC pipeline (15) and the upper edge of the transparent plate on the bottom surface of the box body (11).
7. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device with the variable water stopping defect positions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the upper part of the back surface of the box body (11) is provided with a circular overflow hole (10) for ensuring the constant water level.
8. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device capable of changing the position of the water stop defect as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the PVC pipeline (15) is 2 times of the width of the box body (11), and the PVC pipeline (15) is adjusted in a rotating and moving mode in the box body (11).
9. The tunnel water and sand leakage test device with the variable water stopping defect positions as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the PVC pipeline (15) is provided with a circular leakage opening (16), and the leakage opening (16) is blocked by a wooden plug when not leaking.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220914479.XU CN217766408U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Tunnel water leakage and sand leakage test device with variable water stop defect positions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220914479.XU CN217766408U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Tunnel water leakage and sand leakage test device with variable water stop defect positions |
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| CN217766408U true CN217766408U (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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| CN202220914479.XU Expired - Fee Related CN217766408U (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Tunnel water leakage and sand leakage test device with variable water stop defect positions |
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Granted publication date: 20221108 |