CN217746469U - Flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust pelletizing system - Google Patents
Flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust pelletizing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217746469U CN217746469U CN202222102434.5U CN202222102434U CN217746469U CN 217746469 U CN217746469 U CN 217746469U CN 202222102434 U CN202222102434 U CN 202222102434U CN 217746469 U CN217746469 U CN 217746469U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system, which comprises a flue gas absorption tower, a desulfurizer supply device and a dust removal device, wherein the bottom of the flue gas absorption tower is provided with a flue gas absorption pool, a heat exchange device is arranged in the flue gas absorption pool, a spray device is arranged above the flue gas absorption pool, one end of the spray device is communicated with the flue gas absorption pool, and the outlet end of a flue gas pipeline extends to the lower part of the spray device; the desulfurizer supply device is used for supplying desulfurizer to the flue gas absorption pool, the dust removal device is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool, and the separated liquid returns to the flue gas absorption pool through the liquid discharge pipe. The utility model discloses simple structure, area is little, and the maintenance cost is low, has realized the dual effect of waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal, and it can be used for the flue gas emission scene of trades such as gas boiler, coal fired boiler, kiln and steel, cement, and the degree of depth energy-saving recovery that discharges fume at the boiler is given down the treatment field with reducing discharging and is had apparent technological economic advantage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat recovery equipment, concretely relates to flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust pelletizing system.
Background
The boiler is an energy conversion device, the energy input to the boiler is in the forms of chemical energy, electric energy, heat energy of high-temperature flue gas and the like in fuel, and steam, high-temperature water or an organic heat carrier with certain heat energy is output outwards after the conversion of the boiler. The hot water or steam generated in the boiler can directly provide heat energy for industrial production and people life, and can also be converted into mechanical energy through a steam power device, or the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through a generator.
A large amount of sulfur compounds are mixed in flue gas generated by the boiler, and the direct emission of the sulfur compounds can cause environmental pollution. Currently, most of flue gas desulfurization towers are used for desulfurization treatment of flue gas to meet the environmental protection requirement of flue gas emission, for example, chinese patent CN206810017U discloses a two-stage high-sulfur flue gas desulfurization tower for industrial flue gas desulfurization, which comprises a first-stage tower, a second-stage tower and a connecting pipe for connecting the first-stage tower and the second-stage tower, wherein the first-stage tower adopts a countercurrent desulfurization mode/structure, and the second-stage tower adopts a downstream mode/structure, so that the first-stage tower and the second-stage tower can be directly connected at the top; the problems of excessive connecting pipelines, large resistance and high manufacturing cost between the high-sulfur flue gas (tail gas) secondary desulfurization towers are avoided, the structure is simplified, and the problem that the equipment is blocked by smoke is reduced. However, the double-stage high-sulfur flue gas desulfurization tower still has a complex structure, occupies a large area, has high maintenance cost, and is inconvenient for a relatively small factory or a relatively small boiler to use.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust pelletizing system for solve the above-mentioned problem that exists among the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system comprises a flue gas absorption tower, a desulfurizer supply device and a dust removal device, wherein a flue gas absorption tank for containing absorption liquid is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas absorption tower, a heat exchange device is arranged in the flue gas absorption tank, a spray device is arranged above the flue gas absorption tank, one end of the spray device is communicated with the flue gas absorption tank, and the outlet end of a flue gas pipeline extends to the lower part of the spray device; the desulfurizing agent supply device is used for supplying a desulfurizing agent to the flue gas absorption pool, the dust removal device is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid discharge pipe, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid discharge pipe are both communicated with the flue gas absorption pool, the dust removal device is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool, and the separated liquid returns to the flue gas absorption pool through the liquid discharge pipe.
As an optional design structure of the technical scheme, the dust removal device comprises a primary separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism, and the liquid inlet pipe, the primary separation mechanism, the secondary separation mechanism and the liquid discharge pipe are communicated in sequence.
As an optional project organization of above-mentioned technical scheme, dust collector still includes solid and stores storehouse and liquid and stores the storehouse, two exit ends of second grade separating mechanism are connected with solid and store storehouse and liquid respectively, liquid store the storehouse with the fluid-discharge tube is connected.
As an optional design structure of the above technical solution, the primary separation mechanism includes a cyclone, one outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the secondary separation mechanism, and the other outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the liquid storage bin.
As an optional design structure of above-mentioned technical scheme, desulfurizer feeding device includes that the storehouse is stored to the desulfurizer and desulfurizer thick liquid storehouse, desulfurizer thick liquid storehouse and flue gas absorption cell are communicate in proper order to the desulfurizer.
As an optional design structure of the technical scheme, an aeration pipe is arranged in the flue gas absorption tank, the aeration pipe is immersed in absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption tank, and the outlet end of the flue gas pipeline extends into the flue gas absorption tank and is connected with the aeration pipe.
As an optional design structure of the technical scheme, the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is immersed in the absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool, a heat exchange medium is arranged inside the heat exchange tube, two ends of the heat exchange tube extend out of the flue gas absorption pool, and the heat exchange tube is connected with a first waste heat recovery tube; the heat exchange tubes are distributed in an S shape in the flue gas absorption tank.
As an optional design structure of the technical scheme, the heat exchange device comprises an absorption heat pump, the absorption heat pump is arranged outside the flue gas absorption pool, a high-temperature side inlet and a high-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump are respectively communicated with the flue gas absorption pool and the spraying device, and a low-temperature side inlet and a low-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump are respectively connected with a second waste heat recovery pipe and a third waste heat recovery pipe.
As an optional design structure of the above technical scheme, the spraying device comprises a plurality of spraying pipes, one end of each spraying pipe is communicated with the flue gas absorption pool, and the other end of each spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of spraying heads; and a flow regulating valve is arranged on the spray pipe.
As an optional design structure of the above technical solution, the spraying direction of the spray header is arranged toward the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower, so that the absorption liquid sprayed by the spray header collides with the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower to form fine liquid droplets.
As an optional design structure of above-mentioned technical scheme, the interval is equipped with a plurality of sputtering boards in the flue gas absorption tower, be equipped with a plurality of micropores on the sputtering board, a plurality of sputtering boards are cut apart the flue gas absorption tower into two at least heat transfer cabins, and every heat transfer cabin all is equipped with spray set.
As an optional design structure of the above technical solution, the sputtering plate is made of a hydrophobic material, or the surface of the sputtering plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
As an optional design structure of the technical scheme, the top of the flue gas absorption tower is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is provided with a filtering device.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model provides a flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust pelletizing system, a structure is simple, area is little, the maintenance cost is low, the dual effect of waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal has been realized, waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal can produce energy-conserving benefit and economic benefits, it can be used for gas boiler, coal fired boiler, kiln and steel, the flue gas emission scene of trades such as cement, the degree of depth energy-saving recovery that discharges fume at the boiler is given birth to with reduce discharging and administer the field and have apparent technological economic advantage, be fit for extensive popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a flue gas absorption tower; 2-a flue gas absorption tank; 3-a flue gas pipeline; 4-a liquid inlet pipe; 5-a liquid discharge pipe; 6-a first-stage separation mechanism; 7-a secondary separation mechanism; 8-a solid storage bin; 9-a liquid storage bin; 10-a desulfurizer storage bin; 11-a desulfurizing agent slurry bin; 12-an aerator pipe; 13-heat exchange tube; 14-a first waste heat recovery pipe; 15-an absorption heat pump; 16-a second waste heat recovery pipe; 17-a third waste heat recovery pipe; 18-a shower pipe; 19-a shower head; 20-flow regulating valve; 21-a sputtering plate; 22-filtration device.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system, which includes a flue gas absorption tower 1, a desulfurizer supply device, and a dust removal device, wherein a flue gas absorption tank 2 for containing absorption liquid is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas absorption tower 1, the absorption liquid is usually tap water, and some reagents can be added into the absorption liquid to adjust the pH value of the absorption liquid, so as to facilitate absorption of pollutants in the flue gas. The flue gas absorption tank 2 is internally provided with a heat exchange device which is soaked in the absorption liquid and absorbs the heat of the absorption liquid, and the heat energy recovered by the heat exchange device can be used by heat equipment or users.
A spraying device is arranged above the flue gas absorption pool 2, one end of the spraying device is communicated with the flue gas absorption pool 2, and absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool 2 is sprayed out through the spraying device. The exit end of flue gas pipeline 3 extends to spray set's below, flue gas pipeline 3 can stretch to the liquid level top or the liquid level below of absorption liquid, be equipped with the fan on flue gas pipeline 3, the fan can order about the flue gas and get into in flue gas absorption tower 1 along flue gas pipeline 3, spray set blowout absorption liquid contacts with the flue gas, the absorption liquid can absorb the pollutant in the flue gas, absorb the heat energy of flue gas simultaneously, the absorption liquid that absorbs flue gas heat energy falls into flue gas absorption cell 2, retrieve the heat energy of absorption liquid and reduce the temperature of absorption liquid through heat transfer device, the heat energy of the repeated absorption flue gas of microthermal absorption liquid accessible spray set, so circulation, realize the waste heat recovery of flue gas.
The desulfurizer supply device is used for supplying desulfurizer to the flue gas absorption pool 2, and specifically comprises a desulfurizer storage bin 10 and a desulfurizer slurry bin 11, and the desulfurizer storage bin 10, the desulfurizer slurry bin 11 and the flue gas absorption pool 2 are sequentially communicated. The desulfurizer storage bin 10 stores a certain desulfurizer, such as limestone, lime or magnesium oxide, the desulfurizer enters the desulfurizer slurry bin 11 to be mixed with water to prepare desulfurizer slurry, corresponding by-products generated by blowing air can be blown, and the desulfurizer slurry is blown into the flue gas absorption tank 2 through a pump, so that sulfide ions of the absorption liquid form precipitates.
The dust removal device is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 4 and a liquid discharge pipe 5, the liquid inlet pipe 4 and the liquid discharge pipe 5 are both communicated with the flue gas absorption pool 2, the dust removal device is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool 2, and the separated liquid returns to the flue gas absorption pool 2 through the liquid discharge pipe 5. Solid and liquid can be obtained after the absorption liquid is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment, the solid comprises gypsum and magnesium sulfate solid, the gypsum and magnesium sulfate solid can be subjected to resource treatment correspondingly, and the separated liquid returns to the flue gas absorption tank 2 for recycling.
Specifically, the dust removal device comprises a primary separation mechanism 6 and a secondary separation mechanism 7, and the liquid inlet pipe 4, the primary separation mechanism 6, the secondary separation mechanism 7 and the liquid discharge pipe 5 are communicated in sequence. The primary separation mechanism 6 is used for carrying out primary solid-liquid separation treatment on the absorption liquid, the secondary separation mechanism 7 is used for carrying out secondary solid-liquid separation treatment on the absorption liquid, and the liquid separated by the primary separation mechanism 6 and the secondary separation mechanism 7 can return to the flue gas absorption pool 2.
Preferably, the dust removing device further comprises a solid storage bin 8 and a liquid storage bin 9, two outlet ends of the second-stage separation mechanism 7 are respectively connected with the solid storage bin 8 and the liquid storage bin 9, and the liquid storage bin 9 is connected with the liquid discharge pipe 5. The second-stage separation mechanism 7 adopts a vacuum belt dehydrator or a filter press, liquid of the second-stage separation mechanism 7 enters the liquid storage bin 9 for temporary storage, absorption liquid is supplemented for the flue gas absorption pool 2 through the liquid discharge pipe 5, and solid of the second-stage separation mechanism 7 enters the solid storage bin 8 for storage and reasonable recycling treatment. The primary separation mechanism 6 comprises a cyclone, one outlet end of which communicates with the secondary separation mechanism 7 and the other outlet end of which communicates with a liquid storage bin 9.
The utility model discloses simple structure, area is little, and the maintenance cost is low, has realized the dual effect that waste heat recovery and desulfurization were removed dust, and waste heat recovery and desulfurization are removed dust can produce energy-conserving benefit and economic benefits, and it can be used for the flue gas emission scene of trades such as gas boiler, coal fired boiler, kiln and steel, cement, and the degree of depth energy-saving recovery that discharges fume at the boiler is with reduce discharging and administer the field and have apparent technological economic advantage, is fit for extensive popularization and application.
In this embodiment, an aeration pipe 12 is disposed in the flue gas absorption tank 2, the aeration pipe 12 is immersed in the absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption tank 2, and the outlet end of the flue gas pipeline 3 extends into the flue gas absorption tank 2 and is connected to the aeration pipe 12. The fan can order about the flue gas and get into aeration pipe 12 along flue gas pipeline 3, then discharge from aeration pipe 12's aeration hole and fully contact with the absorption liquid, the pollutant in the flue gas can be absorbed to the absorption liquid, absorb the heat energy of flue gas simultaneously, the flue gas flows upwards after absorption liquid is tentatively cooled, spray set blowout absorption liquid carries out further cooling to the flue gas, the absorption liquid that absorbs flue gas heat energy gets into flue gas absorption cell 2, retrieve the heat energy of absorption liquid and reduce the temperature of absorption liquid through heat transfer device, microthermal absorption liquid gets into spray set and repeats the heat energy of absorbing the flue gas, so circulation, realize the waste heat recovery and the desulfurization dust removal function of flue gas. The flue gas duct 3 is provided with openings to prevent the backflow phenomenon which may be caused by the condensation of water vapor. The flue gas pipeline 3 is prevented from extending too deeply, and the pressure resistance is prevented from being too large. The size of the aeration pipe 12 can be adjusted according to the amount of flue gas, and the flow rate of the flue gas can also be controlled, so that the sufficient heat exchange time between the flue gas and the absorption liquid is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, as an optional implementation of this embodiment, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchange tube 13, the heat exchange tube 13 is immersed in the absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool 2, a heat exchange medium is disposed inside the heat exchange tube 13, and both ends of the heat exchange tube 13 extend out of the flue gas absorption pool 2. One end of the heat exchange tube 13 is connected with a driving pump, the driving pump is connected with a first waste heat recovery tube 14, the first waste heat recovery tube 14 can be connected with cold water, the cold water enters the heat exchange tube 13 under the action of the driving pump, the cold water is changed into hot water after absorbing the heat of the absorption liquid and is discharged from one end of the heat exchange tube 13, and the hot water can be used by some heat utilization equipment or directly used by users. Preferably, the heat exchange tubes 13 are distributed in the flue gas absorption pool 2 in an S shape, the contact area between the heat exchange tubes 13 and the absorption liquid is large, and the heat exchange tubes 13 can effectively absorb the heat of the absorption liquid. The heat exchange tubes 13 exchange heat in the flue gas absorption pool 2, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the heat exchange tubes 13 can be cleaned by water flow circulation in the flue gas absorption pool 2, scales are not easy to form outside the heat exchange tubes 13, and the heat exchange effect is stable.
As shown in fig. 2, as an optional implementation scheme of this embodiment, the heat exchanging device includes an absorption heat pump 15, the absorption heat pump 15 is disposed outside the flue gas absorption pool 2, a high-temperature side inlet and a high-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump 15 are respectively communicated with the flue gas absorption pool 2 and the spraying device, and a low-temperature side inlet and a low-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump 15 are respectively connected to a second waste heat recovery pipe 16 and a third waste heat recovery pipe 17. The absorption heat pump 15 is a circulation system for pumping heat from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source by using a low-grade heat source, is an effective device for recycling low-temperature heat energy, and has dual functions of saving energy and protecting the environment. The second waste heat recovery pipe 16 can be connected with cold water, the cold water flows through the absorption heat pump 15 to be changed into hot water, the hot water is discharged from the third waste heat recovery pipe 17, and the hot water can be used by some heat-using equipment or directly used by users. The high-temperature absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption tank 2 flows through the absorption heat pump 15 and is changed into low-temperature absorption liquid, the low-temperature absorption liquid enters the spraying device, the low-temperature absorption liquid sprayed by the spraying device is fully contacted with the flue gas, and the low-temperature absorption liquid returns to the flue gas absorption tank 2 after absorbing the heat of the flue gas, so that the circulation of the absorption liquid is realized, and the high-efficiency recovery of sensible heat and latent heat in the flue gas is completed.
Wherein, spray set includes a plurality of shower 18, the one end and the flue gas absorption cell 2 intercommunication of shower 18, the other end of shower 18 is equipped with a plurality of shower heads 19. The spray pipe 18 can be communicated with the flue gas absorption tank 2 through the pump body or the absorption heat pump 15, the low-temperature absorption liquid enters the spray pipe 18 and is sprayed out of superfine liquid drops through the spray head 19, the liquid drops have large specific surface area and have good mixing effect with the flue gas, and therefore the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved. Preferably, a flow regulating valve 20 is arranged on the spray pipe 18. The flow of the adjustable shower pipe 18 of flow control valve 20, through spraying the flow to every heat transfer cabin and controlling, can control the temperature and the heat exchange efficiency in every heat transfer cabin, cooperate software control flow control valve 20 among the prior art, adjust the flow that sprays in heat transfer cabin, can realize the best heat transfer effect.
In this embodiment, the spraying direction of the spray header 19 is set toward the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower 1, so that the absorption liquid sprayed by the spray header 19 collides with the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower 1 to form fine liquid droplets. The orientation of each showerhead 19 may be different and need not be just downward, and the spacing of the arrangement of the showerheads 19 should be kept uniform. The spray header 19 keeps a proper distance from the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower 1, the absorption liquid collides with the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower 1 to form a liquid drop crushing effect, and the liquid drops are lower than fine liquid drops, so that the fine liquid drops bring a large specific surface area and a good mixing effect, and the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas is improved.
In this embodiment, the interval is equipped with a plurality of sputtering boards 21 in the flue gas absorption tower 1, and sputtering board 21 sets up 1-4 usually, can set up according to concrete demand, be equipped with a plurality of micropores on the sputtering board 21, a plurality of sputtering boards 21 are cut apart into two at least heat transfer cabins with flue gas absorption tower 1, and every heat transfer cabin all is equipped with spray set. The absorption liquid falls on the sputtering plate 21 to form a water bed, and a large number of micropores are formed on the water bed to generate turbulence, so that high-quality heat exchange is realized. The sputtering plate 21 is made of hydrophobic materials, or the surface of the sputtering plate 21 is provided with a hydrophobic coating, so that absorption liquid can collide with the sputtering plate 21 to generate liquid drops. The utility model discloses a splash board 21 divide into a plurality of heat transfer cabin with flue gas absorption tower 1, and the temperature of from the top down flue gas rises gradually in each heat transfer cabin, and the heat transfer cabin temperature of top is less than the heat transfer cabin temperature of below. Each heat exchange cabin is provided with a spray header 19 to realize reverse direct contact heat exchange with the flue gas, and the sensible heat and the latent heat in the flue gas are efficiently recovered. In addition, the shower pipe 18 of each heat exchange cabin is provided with a flow regulating valve 20 to regulate the flow, so that the temperature of the heat exchange cabins can be regulated, a uniform heat exchange temperature field is formed, the control of the temperature field is realized, and the minimum heat exchange end difference is ensured.
In one embodiment, the top of the flue gas absorption tower 1 is provided with a flue gas outlet, the flue gas outlet is provided with a filtering device 22, and the filtering device 22 can adopt a filter screen such as activated carbon, etc., which filters the flue gas and reduces the emission of pollutants. The flue gas absorption cell 2 is provided with a pH value detector, the pH value detector can detect the pH value of the absorption liquid, and a user can add alkali liquor to adjust the pH value of the absorption liquid, so that the corrosion phenomenon is avoided.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "fixing", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be a mechanical or electrical connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or they may be connected through the inside of two elements or through the interaction of two elements, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, etc. described in the examples can be included in at least one implementation and can be combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and according to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be imagined without creative work by the ordinary skilled person in the art all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system is characterized by comprising a flue gas absorption tower (1), a desulfurizer supply device and a dust removal device, wherein a flue gas absorption pool (2) for containing absorption liquid is arranged at the bottom of the flue gas absorption tower (1), a heat exchange device is arranged in the flue gas absorption pool (2), a spray device is arranged above the flue gas absorption pool (2), one end of the spray device is communicated with the flue gas absorption pool (2), and the outlet end of a flue gas pipeline (3) extends to the lower part of the spray device; the desulfurizing agent supply device is used for supplying a desulfurizing agent to the flue gas absorption pool (2), the dust removal device is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (4) and a liquid discharge pipe (5), the liquid inlet pipe (4) and the liquid discharge pipe (5) are communicated with the flue gas absorption pool (2), the dust removal device is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation treatment on absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool (2), and the separated liquid returns to the flue gas absorption pool (2) through the liquid discharge pipe (5).
2. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal device comprises a primary separation mechanism (6) and a secondary separation mechanism (7), and the liquid inlet pipe (4), the primary separation mechanism (6), the secondary separation mechanism (7) and the liquid discharge pipe (5) are communicated in sequence; dust collector still includes solid storage storehouse (8) and liquid storage storehouse (9), two exit ends of second grade separating mechanism (7) are connected with solid storage storehouse (8) and liquid storage storehouse (9) respectively, liquid storage storehouse (9) with fluid-discharge tube (5) are connected.
3. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 2, wherein the primary separation mechanism (6) comprises a cyclone, one outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the secondary separation mechanism (7), and the other outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the liquid storage bin (9).
4. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurizer supply device comprises a desulfurizer storage bin (10) and a desulfurizer slurry bin (11), and the desulfurizer storage bin (10), the desulfurizer slurry bin (11) and the flue gas absorption tank (2) are sequentially communicated.
5. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein an aeration pipe (12) is arranged in the flue gas absorption tank (2), the aeration pipe (12) is immersed in the absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption tank (2), and the outlet end of the flue gas pipeline (3) extends into the flue gas absorption tank (2) and is connected with the aeration pipe (12).
6. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 5, wherein the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange tube (13), the heat exchange tube (13) is immersed in the absorption liquid in the flue gas absorption pool (2), a heat exchange medium is arranged inside the heat exchange tube (13), both ends of the heat exchange tube (13) extend out of the flue gas absorption pool (2), and the heat exchange tube (13) is connected with a first waste heat recovery tube (14); the heat exchange tubes (13) are distributed in an S shape in the flue gas absorption pool (2).
7. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 5, wherein the heat exchange device comprises an absorption heat pump (15), the absorption heat pump (15) is arranged outside the flue gas absorption tank (2), a high-temperature side inlet and a high-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump (15) are respectively communicated with the flue gas absorption tank (2) and the spray device, and a low-temperature side inlet and a low-temperature side outlet of the absorption heat pump (15) are respectively connected with a second waste heat recovery pipe (16) and a third waste heat recovery pipe (17).
8. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein the spray device comprises a plurality of spray pipes (18), one end of each spray pipe (18) is communicated with the flue gas absorption tank (2), and the other end of each spray pipe (18) is provided with a plurality of spray heads (19); and a flow regulating valve (20) is arranged on the spray pipe (18).
9. The flue gas waste heat recovery, desulfurization and dust removal system according to claim 8, wherein the spraying direction of the spray header (19) is arranged toward the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower (1), so that the absorption liquid sprayed by the spray header (19) collides with the inner wall of the flue gas absorption tower (1) to form fine liquid droplets.
10. The flue gas waste heat recovery and desulfurization dust removal system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of sputtering plates (21) are arranged at intervals in the flue gas absorption tower (1), a plurality of micropores are formed in the sputtering plates (21), the flue gas absorption tower (1) is divided into at least two heat exchange cabins by the plurality of sputtering plates (21), and each heat exchange cabin is provided with a spraying device; the sputtering plate (21) is made of hydrophobic materials, or the surface of the sputtering plate (21) is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
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