CN217740580U - Fuel cell system and vehicle - Google Patents
Fuel cell system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN217740580U CN217740580U CN202221930041.7U CN202221930041U CN217740580U CN 217740580 U CN217740580 U CN 217740580U CN 202221930041 U CN202221930041 U CN 202221930041U CN 217740580 U CN217740580 U CN 217740580U
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- fuel cell
- temperature cooling
- cell system
- radiator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a fuel cell system and vehicle, this fuel cell system includes: the fuel cell system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules, wherein each fuel cell module in the plurality of fuel cell modules is provided with an electric pile and a high-temperature cooling loop for cooling the electric pile, the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops are connected in parallel when the plurality of fuel cell modules are used in a combined mode, a radiator of a part of the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops is grounded, other components of the part of the high-temperature cooling loops except the radiator are subjected to floating treatment, and all components of the other high-temperature cooling loops of the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops except the part of the high-temperature cooling loops are subjected to floating treatment, so that the resistance value of an insulation resistor of the fuel cell system is larger than or equal to a preset safe insulation resistance value. Therefore, when a plurality of fuel cells are combined for use, the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell system is improved, and the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fuel cell field especially relates to a fuel cell system and vehicle.
Background
The fuel cell is a chemical device for converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like due to the advantages of high conversion efficiency, small environmental pollution, long service life, high reliability and the like.
Conventionally, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of a fuel cell, a plurality of fuel cells are used in combination. However, when a plurality of fuel cells are used in combination, the high-temperature cooling loops corresponding to the fuel cells are also used in combination, so that the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is too small, and the insulation resistance is an important index for considering the high-voltage safety.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system, so as to improve the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system and ensure the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell when a plurality of fuel cells are used in combination.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell system, including:
the fuel cell system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules, wherein each fuel cell module in the plurality of fuel cell modules is provided with an electric pile and a high-temperature cooling loop for cooling the electric pile, the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops are connected in parallel when the plurality of fuel cell modules are used in a combined mode, a radiator of a part of the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops is grounded, other components of the part of the high-temperature cooling loops except the radiator are subjected to floating treatment, and all components of the other high-temperature cooling loops except the part of the high-temperature cooling loops are subjected to floating treatment, so that the conducting path of each high-temperature cooling loop is increased, and the resistance value of the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is larger than or equal to a preset safe insulation resistance value.
The fuel cell system of the embodiment of the utility model realizes the combined use of a plurality of fuel cell modules by connecting a plurality of high-temperature cooling loops in parallel when a plurality of fuel cell modules are combined for use; the radiator of a part of the high-temperature cooling loops in the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops is grounded, and other parts of the part of the high-temperature cooling loops except the radiator and all parts of the other high-temperature cooling loops except the part of the high-temperature cooling loops in the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops are floated, so that the conducting path of each high-temperature cooling loop is increased, the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is improved, and the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle including the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the first aspect.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 110, a galvanic pile; 120. cooling the bypass valve; 130. a heat sink; 140. a water pump; 150. a heat exchanger; 160. and a three-way valve.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In practical applications, most of the fuel cells are used in a single fuel cell module. At present, in order to increase the insulation resistance of a single fuel cell module and ensure the high-voltage safety of a fuel cell, a deionizer is generally added to the fuel cell module during the design of the single fuel cell module, and ions in the cooling liquid are removed as much as possible through the deionizer to reduce the conductivity of the cooling liquid, so that the insulation resistance is increased. Alternatively, the insulation resistance of the individual fuel cell modules is increased by increasing the length of the conduits in the fuel cell modules.
When a plurality of fuel cell modules are combined for use, each fuel cell module is grounded to form a loop, so that the insulation resistance of the whole fuel cell system is too small. The insulation resistance value is increased only by adding a deionizer or by increasing the length of the duct of each fuel cell module. Not only will increase the cost, and can't solve the problem that the insulation resistance value reduces after the fuel cell is used in combination fundamentally.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell system and vehicle to when realizing that a plurality of fuel cell use in combination, fundamentally improves fuel cell system's insulating resistance, and the guarantee uses fuel cell's high-pressure security.
The fuel cell system and the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell system includes a plurality of fuel cell modules, each of which has a stack 110 and a high-temperature cooling circuit for cooling the stack 110, wherein the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits are connected in parallel when the plurality of fuel cell modules are used in combination, and ground-treat a radiator 130 of a part of the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits, remove other components of the radiator 130 from the part of the high-temperature cooling circuits, and float-treat all components of the other high-temperature cooling circuits of the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits from which the part of the high-temperature cooling circuits is removed.
Thus, the fuel cell modules are combined and used by connecting the high-temperature cooling circuits of the fuel cell modules in parallel. By performing the grounding process on the radiator 130 of a part of the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits excluding the radiator 130, all the components of the part of the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits excluding the other part of the high-temperature cooling circuits are subjected to the floating process.
The fuel cell module forms a loop by being grounded. Such a fuel cell system having a smaller conductive path than a fuel cell system in which each fuel cell module is grounded and directly looped; in the fuel cell system of the present embodiment, the parts of the high-temperature cooling circuit of the fuel cell modules are subjected to the floating treatment, so that the fuel cell modules can be circulated only by the fuel cell modules subjected to the grounding treatment. Therefore, the path of the loop formed by the fuel cell modules is changed, even if the conductive path of each fuel cell module is increased, the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is improved, and the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell is guaranteed.
The insulation resistance is calculated by:
R＝σ*π*r 2 *L
wherein R is an insulation resistance value; σ is the electrical conductivity of the coolant; r is the pipe diameter of the conduit among the parts; l is the length of the conduit between the components.
The insulation resistance of each fuel cell module can be obtained by the following formula:
R i ＝∑R
wherein R is i Is the insulation resistance of the ith fuel cell module.
The insulation resistance of the fuel cell system can be obtained by the following formula:
R general assembly ＝R 1 //R 2 //……//R i
Wherein R is General (1) The insulation resistance of the fuel cell system,// denotes the calculation manner in which the resistances are calculated in parallel.
Therefore, the parameters influencing the insulation resistance value of the high-temperature cooling loop comprise the conductivity of the cooling liquid in the fuel cell system and the pipe diameter and the length of the guide pipe among the components. The effect of increasing the length of the conducting path is the same as that of increasing the length of the guide pipe, so that the conducting path of each fuel cell module is increased, and the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system can also be improved.
In some embodiments, each high temperature cooling circuit includes three parallel branches, which are respectively referred to as a first parallel branch, a second parallel branch and a third parallel branch, the first parallel branch includes a cooling Bypass Valve 120 (CBV), a radiator 130 and a water pump 140 connected in series, the second parallel branch includes a cooling Bypass Valve 120 and a water pump 140 connected in series, the third parallel branch includes a heat exchanger 150, and an output terminal of one of the two radiators 130 of two adjacent high temperature cooling circuits is connected with an input terminal of the other one.
In some embodiments, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch share the cooling bypass valve 120 and the water pump 140, the first parallel branch further includes a three-way valve 160, and two adjacent high temperature cooling loops are respectively a first high temperature cooling loop and a second high temperature cooling loop, wherein a first end of the three-way valve 160 of the second high temperature cooling loop is connected to an output end of the radiator 130 of the second high temperature cooling loop, a second end of the three-way valve 160 of the second high temperature cooling loop is respectively connected to an input end of the radiator 130 of the first high temperature cooling loop and the cooling bypass valve 120, and a third end of the three-way valve 160 of the second high temperature cooling loop is connected to an input end of the water pump 140 of the second high temperature cooling loop and the cooling bypass valve 120.
It should be noted that the heat exchanger 150 may be any commercially available fuel heat exchanger.
As an example, referring to a fuel cell module in fig. 1, the direction of the arrows in the figure is the flow direction of the cooling fluid. The flow path of the cooling liquid in the first parallel branch is as follows: the cooling liquid flowing out of the stack 110 firstly flows in from the first end of the cooling bypass valve 120, flows out from the second end of the cooling bypass valve 120 and reaches the input end of the radiator 130; then flows out from the output end of the radiator 130 to the first end of the three-way valve 160; then flows out from the third end of the three-way valve 160 to the water pump 140, and finally flows to the electric pile 110 from the output end of the water pump 140.
The flow path of the cooling liquid in the second parallel branch is as follows: the coolant flowing out of the stack 110 firstly flows in from the first end of the cooling bypass valve 120, flows out from the third end of the cooling bypass valve 120, flows to the input end of the water pump 140, and then flows to the stack 110 from the output end of the water pump 140.
The flow path of the cooling liquid in the third parallel branch is: the cooling liquid flowing out of the stack 110 firstly flows in from the input end of the heat exchanger 150, and flows out to the stack 110 from the output end of the heat exchanger 150.
Wherein, the water pump 140 is used for circulating the cooling liquid in the conduit between the stack 110 and the high-temperature cooling loop; the heat exchanger 150 is used for cooling the cooling liquid; the cooling bypass valve 120 is used for changing the length of a water path in the high-temperature cooling circuit; the radiator 130 is used to take away waste heat in the high temperature cooling circuit.
In some embodiments, an insulation resistance value detection device may be further provided in each fuel cell module for detecting the insulation resistance value of the fuel cell module. In the present embodiment, the insulation resistance value detecting device is connected to the stack 110 to detect the insulation resistance value of the stack 110.
The radiator 130 of a part of the high-temperature cooling circuits is selected from the plurality of high-temperature cooling circuits to perform grounding processing, and all the components of the part of the high-temperature cooling circuits except the radiator 130 and the other high-temperature cooling circuits except the part of the high-temperature cooling circuits are subjected to floating processing. That is, the radiator 130 of one high-temperature cooling circuit is ensured to be grounded, and other components are treated in a floating manner.
The floating ground process is a non-conductive connection between the ground of the circuit and the earth. When the circuit is treated in a floating mode, the circuit cannot be influenced by the ground electric property, and the anti-interference capability of the circuit is high.
In the present application, the high-temperature cooling circuit of the fuel cell module subjected to floating treatment is grounded only after the radiator 130 subjected to grounding treatment is grounded to form a circuit by floating treatment of other components except the radiator 130 subjected to grounding treatment, so that the path of the circuit formed by the fuel cell module subjected to floating treatment is increased, the conductive path of the fuel cell module subjected to floating treatment is increased, the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is increased, and the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell is ensured.
In some embodiments, the way of grounding the heat sink 130 in the partial high-temperature cooling circuit may be: the outer casing of the heat sink 130 subjected to the grounding process is electrically connected to the outer casing of the stack 110 by a conductor. The outer casing of the heat sink 130, the outer casing of the stack 110, and the conductor are made of conductive materials.
In some embodiments, the heat sinks 130 in the high-temperature cooling circuits are all made of metal. For example, the material of the outer casing of the heat sink 130 may be metal.
As an example, the outer casing of the heat sink 130 and the outer casing of the stack 110 are both made of metal, and the outer casing of the stack 110 is connected to the ground, so that the outer casing of the stack 110 may be used as a reference ground for the fuel cell module. And then, the outer shell of the radiator 130 in a part of the high-temperature cooling circuit is electrically connected with the outer shell of the electric pile 110 by using a metal conductor, so that the grounding treatment of the radiator 130 is realized.
In some embodiments, the outer case of the member subjected to the floating process is mounted in the corresponding fuel cell module in an insulated manner. Since the outer case of the member requiring floating processing is mounted in the fuel cell module in an insulated manner, the member requiring floating processing is not electrically connected to the reference ground of the fuel cell module, and thus a circuit is not formed. This enables floating processing of a member to be processed in a floating manner.
In the present embodiment, the heat sink 130 is taken as an example to describe the floating processing, and the remaining components in each high-temperature cooling circuit can be processed in the same manner.
In some embodiments, the heat sink 130, which is subjected to the floating process, is mounted in the corresponding fuel cell module by a fixing bracket. The way of insulating and mounting the radiator 130 to be floated on the ground in the corresponding fuel cell module may be: the heat sink 130 to be processed in a floating manner is suspended on the fixing bracket to realize the insulated installation of the heat sink 130.
Specifically, the housing of the heat sink 130 will typically be self-supporting with mounting brackets to facilitate mounting of the heat sink 130. In this embodiment, the fixing bracket is fixedly connected to the fuel cell module, and the fuel cell module is installed in the outer housing of the fuel cell system. Therefore, if the metal case of the heat sink 130 is in contact with the fixing bracket, the heat sink 130 is electrically connected to the reference ground of the fuel cell system. The radiator 130 is suspended on the fixing bracket, so that the radiator 130 is not in contact with the fixing bracket, the radiator 130 can be connected with the reference ground of the fuel cell system without a conductor, and the floating treatment of the radiator 130 is realized.
The manner of suspending the heat sink 130 on the fixing bracket may be: a barrier is provided between the metal casing of the heat sink 130 and the fixing bracket to allow the heat sink 130 to be fixed to the fixing bracket without contact. The material of the barrier is an insulating material.
In some embodiments, an insulating rubber is disposed between the heat sink 130 subjected to the floating process and the corresponding fixing bracket. Specifically, an insulating rubber may be provided at a contact surface of the metal case of the heat sink 130 and the fixing bracket to insulate and isolate the metal case of the heat sink 130 from the fixing bracket.
Therefore, in the fuel cell system of the embodiment, the radiator 130 in a part of the high-temperature cooling circuit is grounded, and other parts of the part of the high-temperature cooling circuit and all parts of other high-temperature cooling circuits are floated, so that the part of the high-temperature cooling circuit can form a circuit only after passing through the radiator 130 which is grounded, the conductive paths of each high-temperature cooling circuit are increased, the insulation resistance of the fuel cell system is further increased, and the high-voltage safety of the fuel cell is ensured.
In order to realize the above embodiment, the present invention further provides a vehicle including the fuel cell system according to the above embodiment.
In addition, it should be noted that other configurations and functions of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art, and are not described herein for reducing redundancy.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
the fuel cell system comprises a plurality of fuel cell modules, wherein each fuel cell module in the plurality of fuel cell modules is provided with an electric pile and a high-temperature cooling loop for cooling the electric pile, the plurality of high-temperature cooling loops are connected in parallel when the plurality of fuel cell modules are used in a combined mode, a radiator of a part of the high-temperature cooling loops is grounded, other components of the part of the high-temperature cooling loops except the radiator are subjected to floating treatment, and all components of the other high-temperature cooling loops except the part of the high-temperature cooling loops are subjected to floating treatment, so that the resistance value of an insulation resistor of the fuel cell system is larger than or equal to a preset safe insulation resistance value.
2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein each of the high-temperature cooling circuits includes three parallel branches, which are respectively referred to as a first parallel branch, a second parallel branch, and a third parallel branch, the first parallel branch includes a cooling bypass valve, a radiator, and a water pump connected in series, the second parallel branch includes a cooling bypass valve and a water pump connected in series, the third parallel branch includes a heat exchanger, and an output terminal of one of the two radiators of the two adjacent high-temperature cooling circuits is connected to an input terminal of the other radiator.
3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch share the cooling bypass valve and the water pump, the first parallel branch further includes a three-way valve, and the two adjacent high-temperature cooling circuits are respectively a first high-temperature cooling circuit and a second high-temperature cooling circuit, wherein a first end of the three-way valve of the second high-temperature cooling circuit is connected to an output end of the radiator of the second high-temperature cooling circuit, a second end of the three-way valve of the second high-temperature cooling circuit is respectively connected to an input end of the radiator of the first high-temperature cooling circuit and the cooling bypass valve, and a third end of the three-way valve of the second high-temperature cooling circuit is connected to an input end of the water pump of the second high-temperature cooling circuit and the cooling bypass valve.
4. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer casing of the radiator subjected to grounding process is electrically connected to an outer casing of the stack by a conductor.
5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein the outer case of the member subjected to the floating treatment is mounted in the corresponding fuel cell module in an insulated manner.
6. The fuel cell system of claim 5, wherein the heat sinks of the plurality of high temperature cooling circuits are all made of metal.
7. The fuel cell system according to claim 6, wherein the heat sink that performs the floating process is mounted in the corresponding fuel cell module by a fixing bracket, and is suspended from the fixing bracket.
8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein an insulating rubber is provided between the heat sink subjected to the floating treatment and the corresponding fixing bracket.
9. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein an outer case of a stack of the fuel cell module is grounded.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221930041.7U CN217740580U (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Fuel cell system and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221930041.7U CN217740580U (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Fuel cell system and vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217740580U true CN217740580U (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202221930041.7U Active CN217740580U (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Fuel cell system and vehicle |
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| CN (1) | CN217740580U (en) |
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- 2022-07-25 CN CN202221930041.7U patent/CN217740580U/en active Active
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