CN217737873U - Cushion layer structure and wide-section tunnel kiln car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cushion structure, which supports a silicon carbide plate layer from the bottom through a support structure arranged on a wide-section tunnel kiln car, and then lays a blank body of coal-series kaolin on the silicon carbide plate layer to form a stack for calcination; because the silicon carbide plate has good heat conductivity coefficient, the roasting heat consumption is reduced, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stack is reduced, and the product quality is improved; because the silicon carbide plates have small thermal expansion coefficient, two adjacent silicon carbide plates can be attached in a seamless way, so that fragment infiltration is avoided, and the cleaning is convenient; the silicon carbide plate has good thermal shock resistance, so that the service life is greatly prolonged, and the maintenance rate is reduced; the cushion structure of this scheme directly supports the body of coal series kaolin through the carborundum slab layer, and for prior art, thermal shock resistance is good, and life is permanent, carborundum board seamless connection, fragment are difficult for falling into, the clearance of being convenient for, and thermal conductivity is good, greatly reduced the energy consumption, improved product quality, the practicality is strong, is suitable for extensive popularization and application.

Description

Cushion layer structure and wide-section tunnel kiln car

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel cave technical field especially relates to a bed course structure. Furthermore, the utility model discloses still relate to a wide cross section tunnel kiln car including above-mentioned bed course structure.

Background

The clinker after the coal series kaolin is calcined is widely applied, the calcining temperature is generally 1250-1480 ℃, and common calcining equipment comprises a rotary kiln and a tunnel kiln. Because the performance of the tunnel kiln for calcining the kaolin clinker is superior to that of the rotary kiln for calcining the clinker, the tunnel kiln is increasingly widely applied to the field of calcining the coal-series kaolin clinker. Kiln cars are typically used to carry the coal-based kaolin clinker for movement within the tunnel of the tunnel kiln, and to increase the throughput of individual cars, tunnel kilns for calcining kaolin typically employ wide section tunnel kilns having a length of about 2.5-3.5m and a width of about 4.5-6m.

The main part of tunnel cave is a similar railway tunnel's long passageway, the kiln wall of passageway both sides for building with refractory material and insulation material, the kiln top of passageway top for building by refractory material and insulation material, the lower part constitutes the kiln end by the kiln car along track removal in the kiln, adopt resistant firebrick to grout on the ride of kiln car or build one deck brickwork futilely in order to form the bed course structure that supports coal-series kaolin, coal-series kaolin is barren material, the square wet base is established to the extrusion molding usually, pile up and form the brick pillar on the bed course structure.

The cushion structure is an important component of a kiln car of a tunnel kiln, and is closely related to the yield, the quality, the roasting heat consumption and the production cost of the tunnel kiln, however, the existing cushion structure generally adopts high-alumina bricks, and the following defects exist in the green body calcining process of the coal series kaolin: 1. the heat expansion coefficient of the refractory bricks is large, certain expansion gaps need to be reserved for the refractory bricks in the cushion layer structure during building, fire clay needs to be adopted to fill the expansion gaps, the fire clay has certain strength after being calcined, but the fire clay has poor strength compared with the refractory bricks and is easy to damage, the cushion layer structure area of the wide-section tunnel kiln car is large, the ratio of the refractory bricks is large, the risk of fire clay damage is large, and brick gaps are easy to form; after a wet blank of coal-series kaolin is calcined, the compactness of the interior of the blank is not high, and after the wet blank is grabbed by a mechanical arm, a large amount of irregular-shaped fragments are easily generated, so that the fragments fall into brick joints of a cushion structure, the brick joints are small and many, the fragments are not easy to clean, the fragments are deposited in the brick joints, and expand due to heating in the subsequent calcining process, damage to the brick joints is increased, the fragments are more easily deposited, vicious circle is formed, meanwhile, too much fragment deposition can generate driving force, the movement of refractory bricks is caused, hard friction between the refractory bricks and a kiln wall can be generated, the kiln wall is damaged, and serious adverse results are brought. 2. The cavity space in the wide-section tunnel kiln is large, refractory bricks in the cushion structure are high-alumina bricks, the heat conductivity coefficient of the high-alumina bricks is low, a large part of heat can be absorbed, on one hand, roasting heat loss is caused, on the other hand, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the chopped bricks is large, the product quality is low, and if the retention time of a kiln car in a roasting area is prolonged, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the chopped bricks is reduced, and the production efficiency of the product can be reduced. 3. The refractory bricks in the cushion layer structure are subjected to the conditions of cold-hot-cold circulation along with the periodic circulation of a kiln car in the tunnel kiln, the thermal shock resistance times of the high-alumina bricks are 6-15, the thermal shock resistance times of the high-alumina bricks can be reduced under the condition of bearing the weight of stacking, the high-alumina bricks are easy to damage in the circulating process, seriously need to be removed and repaired, and have short service life and high maintenance cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a bed course structure and wide cross section tunnel kiln car to the bed course structure thermal shock resistance ability of solving on the current wide cross section tunnel kiln car is not good, and life is short, leaves the difficult clearance of fragment in brickwork joint and the brickwork joint, easily produces serious bad consequence, and heat conductivility is not good, and the upper and lower difference in temperature of pile up neatly is big, technical problem that product quality is low.

According to one aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a cushion structure, which is used for being arranged on a wide-section tunnel kiln car to support a blank body of coal-series kaolin, and comprises a silicon carbide plate layer used for supporting the blank body of coal-series kaolin and a supporting structure used for being arranged on the wide-section tunnel kiln car and supporting the silicon carbide plate layer from the bottom; the silicon carbide plate layer comprises a plurality of silicon carbide plates which are attached and arranged pairwise along the horizontal direction.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

furthermore, the vertical thickness of the silicon carbide plate ranges from 25mm to 35mm.

Further, bearing structure includes the first order high alumina brick layer from the bottom sprag carborundum sheet layer, and first order high alumina brick layer includes the polylith high alumina brick and the fire clay of filling in the gap between two adjacent high alumina brick layers of following the horizontal direction interval and laying of misplacing from top to bottom with the fire clay of the juncture of caulking between two adjacent carborundum boards.

Furthermore, the end face of the high-alumina brick facing the silicon carbide plate is provided with limiting grooves for limiting the silicon carbide plate to slide in a concave mode, and the limiting grooves are arranged at intervals.

Furthermore, the limiting grooves in the two adjacent high-alumina bricks are correspondingly arranged one by one and communicated with each other, and the limiting grooves are arranged along the length direction of the first-stage high-alumina brick layer.

Further, bearing structure still includes the second grade high alumina brick layer of laying in first order high alumina brick layer below and lays in the refractory wool between first order high alumina brick layer and the second grade high alumina brick layer, and the first order high alumina brick layer is supported from the bottom through refractory wool on the second grade high alumina brick layer, and the second grade high alumina brick layer includes the polylith high alumina brick of laying along the horizontal direction interval and fills the fire clay in the gap between two adjacent high alumina brick layers.

Furthermore, the supporting structure also comprises a mixed layer for supporting the second-level high-alumina brick layer from the bottom, the mixed layer comprises a plurality of rows of clay brick columns arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction and light pouring materials filled between two adjacent rows of clay brick columns, and a gap between two adjacent high-alumina layers is correspondingly arranged with the supporting end face of the clay brick column at the bottom.

Furthermore, curved sealing bricks are arranged on two sides of the mixing layer in the width direction, and bosses which are used for being matched with the kiln wall of the tunnel kiln with the wide section in a concave-convex mode are convexly arranged on the curved sealing bricks in the width direction of the mixing layer.

Furthermore, the supporting structure also comprises an insulating layer which supports the mixing layer from the bottom and is used for being arranged on the wide-section tunnel kiln car.

According to another aspect of the utility model, still provide a wide section tunnel kiln car, it includes foretell bed course structure.

The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

the utility model discloses a bed course structure supports the carborundum sheet layer from the bottom through the bearing structure who lays on wide cross section tunnel kiln car, supports stably, and the structure is reliable, and the polylith carborundum board that the carborundum sheet layer passes through is two liang of laminating lays and forms, then puts the body of coal series kaolin on the carborundum sheet layer in order to form the pile up neatly and calcine; because the silicon carbide plate has good heat conductivity coefficient and high heat conduction efficiency, the roasting heat consumption is greatly reduced, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stacking is reduced, and the product quality is improved; because the thermal expansion coefficient of the silicon carbide plates is small, two adjacent silicon carbide plates can be attached in a seamless manner, and the silicon carbide plates are not easy to move under the heavy pressure of brick chopping, so that the serious adverse effect possibly caused by fragment infiltration is avoided, and the silicon carbide plates are convenient to clean; the silicon carbide plate has good thermal shock resistance, so that the service life is greatly prolonged, and the maintenance rate is reduced; the bed course structure of this scheme directly supports the body of coal series kaolin through the carborundum slab layer, and for prior art, the thermal shock resistance of carborundum board is better than the high-alumina brick, and life is permanent, carborundum slab layer seamless connection, and the fragment is difficult for falling into, the clearance of being convenient for, and thermal conductivity is good, greatly reduced the energy consumption, improved the product quality after calcining, and the practicality is strong, is suitable for extensive popularization and application.

In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide section tunnel kiln car according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a silicon carbide sheet layer; 2. a first-stage high-alumina brick layer; 21. a limiting groove; 3. a second-level high-alumina brick layer; 4. a mixed layer; 41. clay brick columns; 42. light pouring material; 43. sealing the brick in a curved way; 5. and (7) an insulating layer.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which will be defined and covered hereinafter.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide section tunnel kiln car according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the cushion structure of the present embodiment, which is used for being arranged on a wide-section tunnel kiln car to support a green body of coal-series kaolin, includes a silicon carbide slab layer 1 for supporting the green body of coal-series kaolin and a support structure for being arranged on the wide-section tunnel kiln car, which supports the silicon carbide slab layer 1 from the bottom; the silicon carbide plate layer 1 comprises a plurality of silicon carbide plates which are attached and arranged pairwise along the horizontal direction. Specifically, the utility model discloses a bed course structure supports silicon carbide sheet layer 1 from the bottom through the bearing structure who lays on wide cross section tunnel kiln car, and the support is stable, and the structure is reliable, and the laminating of polylith silicon carbide board that silicon carbide sheet layer 1 passes through is two by two laid and is formed, then puts the body of coal series kaolin on silicon carbide sheet layer 1 in order to form the pile up neatly and calcine; because the silicon carbide plate has good heat conductivity coefficient and high heat conduction efficiency, the roasting heat consumption is greatly reduced, the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stacking is reduced, and the product quality is improved; because the silicon carbide plates have small thermal expansion coefficient, two adjacent silicon carbide plates can be attached in a seamless way, and the silicon carbide plates are not easy to move to generate gaps under the heavy pressure of brick chopping, so that the serious adverse effect possibly generated by fragment infiltration is avoided, and the silicon carbide plates are convenient to clean; the silicon carbide plate has good thermal shock resistance, so that the service life is greatly prolonged, and the maintenance rate is reduced; the bed course structure of this scheme directly supports the body of coal series kaolin through carborundum sheet layer 1, and for prior art, the thermal shock resistance performance of carborundum board is better than the high-alumina brick, and life is permanent, carborundum sheet layer 1 seamless connection, and the fragment is difficult for falling into, and is convenient for clear up, and thermal conductivity is good, greatly reduced the energy consumption, improved the product quality after calcining, and the practicality is strong, is suitable for extensive popularization and application. It should be understood that the specific structure of the silicon carbide plate is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in excessive detail herein. It should be understood that the silicon carbide plates are arranged in a horizontal direction in a pair, i.e., side edges between two adjacent silicon carbide plates. It should be understood that the horizontal direction includes the length direction and the width direction of the wide tunnel kiln car, and the length direction of the wide tunnel kiln car is the same as the traveling direction of the wide tunnel kiln car.

In this embodiment, the vertical thickness of the silicon carbide plate ranges from 25mm to 35mm. Particularly, when the vertical thickness of the silicon carbide plate is between 25mm and 35mm, the silicon carbide plate is convenient to obtain and has proper strength, and meanwhile, the silicon carbide plate is low in weight, convenient to disassemble and assemble and convenient to clean fragments permeating into gaps; when the vertical thickness of the silicon carbide plate is less than 25mm, the silicon carbide plate is subjected to a large bearing load due to the large loading capacity of the coal-series kaolin to be calcined in the wide-section tunnel kiln, and the silicon carbide plate is not easy to damage in strength; when the vertical thickness of carborundum board is greater than 35mm, this specification and size's carborundum board is difficult for acquireing, and the price is expensive, and is with high costs, and weight is great relatively simultaneously, difficult dismouting.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the support structure includes a first-stage high alumina brick layer 2 supporting the silicon carbide plate layer 1 from the bottom, the first-stage high alumina brick layer 2 includes a plurality of high alumina bricks arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and refractory mortar filled in the gap between two adjacent high alumina brick layers, and the joint filling interface between two adjacent silicon carbide plates and the refractory mortar are arranged in a vertically staggered manner. Specifically, support silicon carbide plate layer 1 from the bottom through first level high alumina brick layer 2, first level high alumina brick layer 2 constitutes through the polylith high alumina brick of laying along the horizontal direction interval and the fire clay of filling in the gap between two adjacent high alumina brick layers, compact structure, and it is stable to support, and the reliability is high, and the juncture of caulking between two adjacent silicon carbide boards simultaneously misplaces from top to bottom with the fire clay and lays to further avoid taking the fragment that produces when getting the brick to chop falls into in the gap between two adjacent high alumina bricks. It should be understood that, because the high-alumina bricks have a certain thermal expansion rate, a certain gap needs to be maintained between two adjacent high-alumina bricks. Optionally, the value range of the gap between two adjacent high-alumina bricks is 1mm-2mm, so as to avoid thermal expansion collision damage of the two adjacent high-alumina bricks. It should be understood that the specific construction of the high alumina brick and refractory mortar is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in excessive detail herein.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a limiting groove 21 for limiting the sliding of the silicon carbide plate is concavely arranged on the end surface of the high-alumina brick facing the silicon carbide plate, and the limiting grooves 21 are arranged at intervals. Specifically, a protrusion for limiting the silicon carbide plate to slide is formed between two adjacent limiting grooves 21, and the silicon carbide plate is limited to slide by the protrusion, so that the silicon carbide plate is prevented from sliding and colliding with the kiln wall of the wide-section tunnel kiln to be damaged. Optionally, the limiting grooves 21 are semicircular to facilitate cleaning fragments, and the protrusions formed by the adjacent semicircular limiting grooves 21 facilitate limiting the silicon carbide plate to slide.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the limiting grooves 21 on two adjacent high alumina bricks are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other, and the limiting grooves 21 are arranged along the length direction of the first-stage high alumina brick layer 2. Specifically, the limiting grooves 21 on two adjacent high-alumina bricks are correspondingly arranged one by one and are communicated with each other to form a ventilation channel communicated with outside air, the air enters the ventilation channel to form an air curtain, and the heat in the silicon carbide plate layer 1 is prevented from being transferred downwards to the first-stage high-alumina brick layer 2 due to poor heat conductivity of the air, so that the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part of the brick and the roasting heat consumption are reduced; meanwhile, when fragments fall into the limiting groove 21, the fragments can be cleaned through compressed air, and the fragments are convenient and quick to clean. It should be understood that the length direction of the first-stage high alumina brick layer 2, the length direction of the wide-section tunnel kiln and the traveling direction of the wide-section tunnel kiln car correspond to one another.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the supporting structure further includes a second-level high alumina brick layer 3 disposed below the first-level high alumina brick layer 2 and refractory wool disposed between the first-level high alumina brick layer 2 and the second-level high alumina brick layer 3, the second-level high alumina brick layer 3 supports the first-level high alumina brick layer 2 from the bottom through the refractory wool, and the second-level high alumina brick layer 3 includes a plurality of high alumina bricks disposed at intervals along the horizontal direction and refractory mortar filled in gaps between two adjacent high alumina brick layers. Specifically, the second-stage high-alumina brick layer 3 supports the first-stage high-alumina brick layer 2 from the bottom through refractory cotton so as to receive fragments falling from the first-stage high-alumina brick layer 2 through the refractory cotton and prevent the fragments from extending downwards along brick joints; the second grade high alumina brick layer 3 comprises a plurality of high alumina bricks arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction and refractory mortar filled in gaps between two adjacent high alumina brick layers, and has the advantages of compact structure, stable support and high reliability.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the supporting structure further includes a mixed layer 4 supporting the second-stage high-alumina brick layer 3 from the bottom, the mixed layer 4 includes multiple rows of clay brick columns 41 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and a light-weight casting material 42 filled between two adjacent rows of clay brick columns 41, and a gap between two adjacent high-alumina bricks is arranged corresponding to the supporting end face of the clay brick column 41 at the bottom. Specifically, the second-level high-alumina brick layer 3 is supported through the mixed layer 4, the mixed layer 4 supports a gap between two adjacent high-alumina bricks through the supporting end faces of the clay brick columns 41, the supporting is reliable, and then the light pouring material 42 is filled between the two adjacent clay brick columns 41, so that the quality of a cushion layer structure is reduced, and the mounting and dismounting are facilitated. Alternatively, the clay brick column 41 is constructed of clay bricks. It should be understood that the lightweight casting compound 42 and the clay bricks are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in excessive detail herein. Preferably, the rows of clay brick columns are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the wide-section tunnel kiln car.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, curved sealing bricks 43 are disposed on both sides of the mixed layer 4 in the width direction, and bosses for concave-convex fitting with the kiln wall of the wide-section tunnel kiln are convexly disposed on the curved sealing bricks 43 along the width direction of the mixed layer 4. Specifically, the rotary boss is matched with the kiln wall of the wide-section tunnel kiln in a concave-convex mode, so that the kiln car can run stably. It should be understood that the width direction of the mixed layer 4 and the width direction of the wide-section tunnel kiln are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the support structure further includes an insulating layer 5 for supporting the mixed layer 4 from the bottom and for being laid on the wide tunnel kiln car. Specifically, the heat damage is reduced through the heat-insulating layer 5, and the roasting heat consumption is reduced. Optionally, the insulating layer 5 includes a plurality of light insulating bricks arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and refractory mortar filled in a gap between two adjacent light insulating bricks. It should be understood that lightweight insulating bricks are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in excessive detail herein. It should be understood that, because the mixed layer has stable structure and high reliability, the light insulating bricks on two sides can be directly replaced after being damaged, and the maintenance is convenient. It should be understood that the first-stage high-alumina brick layer, the second-stage high-alumina brick layer, the mixing layer and the heat-insulating layer are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner in the width direction, and the first-stage high-alumina brick layer, the second-stage high-alumina brick layer, the mixing layer and the heat-insulating layer are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner in the length direction.

As shown in fig. 1, the wide tunnel kiln car of the present embodiment includes the cushion layer structure described above. Specifically, wide cross-section tunnel kiln car is through adopting the bed course structure, reduces the brick and chops the lower part difference in temperature, improves product quality, reduces the fever heat consumption, avoids the fragment that the brick chops to fall into the bed course structure as far as possible simultaneously, and even the fragment also is convenient for clear up in falling into the bed course structure, the intensity of bed course structure is high, and life is long-term, increases the change cycle of bed course structure. Optionally, the wide section tunnel kiln car comprises a base supporting the support structure from the bottom and a moving wheel connected to the bottom of the base for driving the base to travel.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A cushion structure is used for being distributed on a wide-section tunnel kiln car to support a green body of coal-series kaolin, and is characterized by comprising a silicon carbide plate layer (1) for supporting the green body of coal-series kaolin and a supporting structure which supports the silicon carbide plate layer (1) from the bottom and is used for being distributed on the wide-section tunnel kiln car;

the silicon carbide plate layer (1) comprises a plurality of silicon carbide plates which are attached and arranged pairwise along the horizontal direction.

2. A mat construction according to claim 1 wherein the vertical thickness of the silicon carbide sheet is in the range 25mm to 35mm.

3. The cushion structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the support structure comprises a first-stage high alumina brick layer (2) for supporting the silicon carbide slab layer (1) from the bottom, the first-stage high alumina brick layer (2) comprises a plurality of high alumina bricks arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction and refractory mortar for filling the gap between two adjacent high alumina brick layers, and the joint filling junction between two adjacent silicon carbide slabs is arranged in a way of being vertically staggered with the refractory mortar.

4. A cushion construction according to claim 3, wherein the end surface of the high-alumina brick facing the silicon carbide plate is concavely provided with a limiting groove (21) for limiting the silicon carbide plate to slide, and the limiting grooves (21) are arranged at intervals.

5. A bedding construction as claimed in claim 3, wherein the retaining grooves (21) of two adjacent high-alumina bricks are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with each other, and the retaining grooves (21) are arranged along the length direction of the first-stage high-alumina brick layer (2).

6. The cushion construction according to claim 3, wherein the support structure further comprises a second-stage high-alumina brick layer (3) arranged below the first-stage high-alumina brick layer (2) and refractory wool arranged between the first-stage high-alumina brick layer (2) and the second-stage high-alumina brick layer (3), the second-stage high-alumina brick layer (3) supports the first-stage high-alumina brick layer (2) from the bottom through the refractory wool, and the second-stage high-alumina brick layer (3) comprises a plurality of high-alumina bricks arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and refractory mortar filled in gaps between two adjacent high-alumina brick layers.

7. The bedding construction according to claim 6, characterised in that the support structure further comprises a mixed layer (4) supporting the second-stage high-alumina brick layer (3) from the bottom, the mixed layer (4) comprising a plurality of rows of clay brick columns (41) arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and a light-weight casting material (42) filled between two adjacent rows of clay brick columns (41), the gap between two adjacent high-alumina layers being arranged corresponding to the supporting end face of the clay brick column (41) at the bottom.

8. The mat base structure according to claim 7, wherein curved sealing bricks (43) are provided on both sides in the width direction of the mixed layer (4), and the curved sealing bricks (43) are provided with bosses for concave-convex fitting with the kiln wall of the wide-section tunnel kiln along the width direction of the mixed layer (4).

9. The bedding construction according to claim 7, characterised in that the support structure further comprises an insulating layer (5) supporting the mixed layer (4) from the bottom for laying on a wide-section tunnel kiln car.

10. A wide section tunnel kiln car, characterized in that it comprises a bedding construction according to any of claims 1-9.

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