CN217733187U - High-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment - Google Patents
High-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN217733187U CN217733187U CN202222044594.9U CN202222044594U CN217733187U CN 217733187 U CN217733187 U CN 217733187U CN 202222044594 U CN202222044594 U CN 202222044594U CN 217733187 U CN217733187 U CN 217733187U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment relates to metal heat treatment technical field, and it includes that shell, magnetic field take place mechanism, inner bag and coil holder and cooling body, and the shell is tubular structure, and the vertical setting of inner bag is in the inside of shell. The magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a coil unit and a power supply, wherein the coil unit is arranged between the inner container and the shell and comprises 4 groups of coils which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the inner container, two groups of coils positioned above are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and two groups of coils positioned below are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode. The coils comprise a plurality of coils which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, the coils are sheets formed by winding double glass fiber copper wires, the coils with the same height level in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series and then connected with a power supply, and the coils in the same group are connected in parallel. The winding direction and the current direction of each coil are the same. The utility model discloses can promote the hardness and other mechanical properties of thermal treatment work piece, reduce the number of times of thermal treatment tempering, improve productivity and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal heat treatment technical field, concretely relates to high-intensity magnetic field effect device for heat treatment.
Background
Magnetic field thermal treatment is an emerging field of thermal treatment. Under the action of magnetic field, the heat treatment method for improving the mechanical properties of various metal materials is called magnetic field heat treatment. The magnetic field heat treatment can be used for various structural steels, tool steels, stainless steels and the like.
The magnetic field heat treatment refers to a heat treatment process of keeping the temperature of a material in a magnetic field around the Curie temperature for a certain period of time and then cooling the material, or cooling the material in the magnetic field at a certain speed. Magnetic field heat treatment can often make magnetic ions or ion pairs in the alloy appear directional order, thereby causing so-called induced anisotropy, and changing the original magnetic domain structure with different easy magnetization directions in the material into the magnetic domain structure with easy magnetization and the direction approximately parallel to the magnetic field orientation.
The essence of magnetic field quenching is that an external magnetic field is utilized to deform austenite crystal lattices (namely, lattice distortion) to form dislocation cells, so that martensite is refined, the dislocation density is increased, and the mechanical property is improved. This is similar to the thermomechanical treatment of steel. Although the two deformation modes are different, the same tissue structure, namely dislocation cells, can be generated, so that the material is strengthened. The strengthening and toughening effects of the material are more prominent by magnetic field quenching, and the service life is more remarkably prolonged. The magnetic field intensity of the existing heat treatment cooling device is too low and mostly adopts a pulse magnetic field, the actual duration time is short, the efficiency is low, the improvement effect on the performance of the internal structure of the workpiece is extremely limited, the needle-shaped structure of the workpiece after heat treatment is long and thick, and the hardness and the wear resistance are not high. Thus, further improvements and enhancements are needed in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a not enough to above-mentioned prior art, the utility model discloses aim at provides a strong magnetic field effect device for thermal treatment, solves current thermal treatment cooling device's magnetic field intensity and crosses low and adopt pulsed magnetic field more, heat treatment back to the problem that the work piece performance improves inadequately.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is:
the utility model provides a heat treatment is with high magnetic field effect device, includes shell, magnetic field generation mechanism, inner bag and coil support and cooling body, and the shell is the open tubular structure in top, and the vertical setting of inner bag is in the inside of shell.
The magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a coil unit and a power supply, the coil unit is arranged between the inner container and the outer shell through the coil support, the coil unit comprises 2n groups of coils which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the inner container, and n is a natural number greater than zero.
Each group of coils comprises a plurality of coils which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, each coil is an annular sheet structure formed by winding double glass fiber copper wires, the coils with the same height order in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series and then connected with a power supply, and the coils in the same group are connected in parallel.
The winding direction and the current direction of each coil are the same.
Furthermore, the shell comprises a top plate, an annular side plate and a bottom plate, the annular side plate is vertically arranged, and the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the annular side plate into a whole.
The top plate and the bottom plate are made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy with low magnetic permeability, the feed inlet is formed in the center of the top plate, and the bottom of the annular side plate is sealed by the bottom plate.
Further, the shell comprises a top plate, an annular side plate and a bottom plate, the annular side plate is vertically arranged, and the top plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the annular side plate into a whole respectively.
The top plate and the bottom plate are made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy with low magnetic permeability, a feed inlet is formed in the center of the top plate, and a discharge outlet opposite to the feed inlet is formed in the center of the bottom plate.
Furthermore, the inner container is of a copper cylindrical structure and is arranged coaxially opposite to the annular side plate.
The upper end and the lower end of the inner container are respectively fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate, the inner side wall of the inner container is provided with an asbestos heat insulation layer, and the thickness of the asbestos heat insulation layer is more than or equal to 5mm.
Furthermore, the coils are provided with 4 groups, two groups of coils positioned above are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and two groups of coils positioned below are also arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode;
the number of turns of each coil in the same group is sequentially increased or decreased along the axial direction of the inner container, and the thickness of each coil is equal to the width of the double glass fiber copper wire.
Further, the magnetic field generating mechanism further comprises a first wiring board and a second wiring board, wherein the first wiring board and the second wiring board are fixedly arranged on the shell respectively.
The current input ends of the coils in the uppermost group are electrically connected with the first wiring board, and the current output ends of the coils in the lowermost group are connected with the second wiring board.
The first wiring board and the second wiring board are electrically connected to two terminals of a power supply, respectively.
Further, the coil support comprises an upper fixed disk, a lower fixed disk and a plurality of screws, wherein the upper fixed disk and the lower fixed disk are horizontally arranged above and below the coil unit respectively and sleeved on the outer side of the inner container.
The lower fixed disk is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner container, the plurality of screw rods are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the coil unit in an annular mode, and the upper fixed disk is fixedly connected with the lower fixed disk through the screw rods.
Furthermore, for all the coils, two coils which are adjacent in sequence are used as a pair of coils, and a mesh-shaped spacing piece for heat dissipation is arranged between any two adjacent pairs of coils.
Further, cooling body includes a plurality of axial fan, and each axial fan is the even setting of annular on the roof, and is located the outside of feed inlet.
A plurality of air outlets are formed in the bottom plate, and the air outlets are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the inner container in an annular mode.
By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect is:
1. compared with the traditional heat treatment process, the heat treatment process using the device can improve the hardness and other mechanical properties of the heat-treated workpiece
2. The device can effectively reduce the times of heat treatment tempering and improve the productivity and efficiency in the heat treatment tempering process of partial workpieces.
3. Through multiple times of simulation optimization and practical experiments, each group of coils are all in a shape of a circular truncated cone formed by laminating a plurality of coils, and two adjacent groups of coils are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, so that the influence of current reduction caused by mutual inductance between the coils can be greatly reduced, a high-strength alternating magnetic field can be provided, and the energy consumption is low.
4. The ampere/turn ratio (A/N) obtained through multiple times of simulation and practice selects the optimal configuration of power and magnetic field intensity, and avoids excessive waste of energy.
5. Through the selection of the frequency, the impedance of the coil is reduced, the condition that eddy current generated on the surface of metal generates heat is reduced, larger current can be realized, and larger magnetic field intensity is brought.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of each group of coils according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a part of the present invention, showing the inner container and the asbestos insulation layer.
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image after ordinary heat treatment quenching and tempering.
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of the product after the tempering of the alternating magnetic field heat treatment of 0.2T quenching and the ordinary heat treatment.
FIG. 7 is a scanning electron microscope image of the steel after the tempering by the alternating magnetic field heat treatment of 0.2T quenching and the alternating magnetic field heat treatment of 0.2T.
FIG. 8 is a microscopic view after quenching by ordinary heat treatment.
FIG. 9 is a microscopic view of the product after 0.1T quenching by the alternating magnetic field heat treatment.
Fig. 10 is a diagram of the frictional wear of the workpiece in the use state of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a rockwell hardness diagram of the workpiece in use according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings:
The inner container 2 is vertically arranged inside the shell 1, specifically, the inner container 2 is a copper cylinder structure, the thickness of which is 5mm, and the inner container and the annular side plate 12 are oppositely and coaxially arranged. The upper end and the lower end of the inner container 2 are respectively fixedly and hermetically connected with the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 13, the inner side wall of the inner container is provided with an asbestos heat insulation layer 21, and the thickness of the asbestos heat insulation layer is 5mm.
The feed inlet 14 and the discharge outlet 15 are communicated with the inner part of the inner container 2, and in the using process, the heated workpiece is hoisted and placed into the inner side of the inner container 2 through the feed inlet 14, and the heated workpiece can be naturally cooled in the inner container 2. Meanwhile, a fan can be used to blow air into the feed port 14 to cool the heated workpiece.
The magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a coil unit 3 and a power supply, wherein the coil unit 3 is arranged between the inner container 2 and the shell 1 through the coil support, and comprises 4 groups of coils which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the inner container 2, two groups of coils which are positioned above are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical manner, and two groups of coils which are positioned below are arranged in an up-and-down symmetrical manner.
Each group of coils comprises a plurality of coils which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the coils are of an annular sheet structure formed by winding double glass fiber copper wires, the coils with the same height order in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series, the coils in the same group are connected in parallel, and the winding direction and the current direction of each coil are the same. Each coil cover of the same group is established in the outside of inner bag 2, and its number of turns increases or reduces along the inner bag axial in proper order, the specification of two glass silk copper lines is 3 x 10mm for the line footpath, the thickness of every coil all with the width of two glass silk copper lines equals.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, 60 layers of coils are adopted, the upper and lower trapezoidal structures are stacked, the number of turns of each layer of coils is between 30 turns and 44 turns, the upper and lower 60 layers of coils are divided into 4 groups, each group of coils includes 15 layers of coils, the outer surface of each group of coils is in a conical circular truncated cone structure, and the inner diameter of each group of coils is a constant value along the axial direction thereof. Referring to fig. 3, coils with the same height order in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series, and a power supply is connected in parallel between the coils in the same group to ensure that the winding directions of the coils and the current winding directions are the same, and since the connected wires are dense, fig. 3 only illustrates the connection mode of the uppermost coil and the lowermost coil in each group of coils.
The specific coil arrangement is as follows: 44-43-42- \ 8230, 30-31-32- \ 8230, 44-43-42- \8230, 8230, 30, 31-32- \8230, 8230and 44, each group of coils adopts a conical structure and the upper and lower adjacent groups of coils adopt symmetrical structures, so that the impedance in a power-on state is reduced.
For all coils, two coils which are adjacent in sequence are used as a pair of coils, a mesh-shaped spacing piece for heat dissipation is arranged between any two adjacent pairs of coils, the same mesh-shaped spacing piece is arranged between the coil at the top and the upper fixing disc 61 and between the coil at the bottom and the lower fixing disc 62, the thickness of the mesh-shaped spacing piece is 5mm, and the mesh-shaped spacing piece is used for improving the heat dissipation capacity of the double-glass-fiber copper wire.
The magnetic field generating mechanism further comprises a first wiring board 51 and a second wiring board 52, wherein the first wiring board 51 and the second wiring board 52 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the shell 1, coils with the same height order in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series, the coils in the same group are connected in parallel, the current input end of each coil in the group at the top is electrically connected with the first wiring board, and the current output end of each coil in the group at the bottom is connected with the second wiring board. The first wiring board 51 and the second wiring board 52 are electrically connected to a terminal A and a terminal B of a power supply respectively, the power supply adopts sine wave alternating current, constant current output and constant voltage output can be realized, the frequency is adjustable from 0Hz to 2000Hz, the maximum voltage is 600V, and the maximum current is 4000A. And selecting different current and voltage parameters according to the required magnetic field intensity requirement.
The utility model discloses a constant current mode because electric current is positive correlation with magnetic field intensity. In the energized state, a magnetic field strength of 0-0.8T can be generated inside the coil.
The coil support comprises an upper fixing disk 61, a lower fixing disk 62 and four screw rods 63, the upper fixing disk 61 and the lower fixing disk 62 are of hollow structures convenient for heat dissipation and horizontally arranged above and below the coil units respectively, and the upper fixing disk 61 and the lower fixing disk 62 are sleeved on the outer side of the inner container 2. The lower fixed disk 62 is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner container 2, the four screw rods 63 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the coil unit in an annular mode, and the upper fixed disk 61 is fixedly connected with the lower fixed disk 62 through the screw rods 63.
The cooling mechanism comprises a plurality of axial flow fans 7, and each axial flow fan 7 is uniformly arranged on the top plate 11 in an annular shape and is positioned outside the feeding hole 14. The bottom plate 13 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 16, and the air outlets 16 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the feed port 14 in an annular shape. Under the working state, each axial flow fan 7 is started, outside air enters the annular side plate 12 and the inner container 2 through the upper part and is discharged from the air outlet 16 on the bottom plate 13, heat generated by the double-glass-fiber copper wire is taken away, and the heat dissipation effect of the double-glass-fiber copper wire is improved.
Because the coil can produce the heat at the course of the work, the work piece is that the high temperature state gets into equipment again, so need a heat sink, cool down equipment and work piece, adopt water smoke jet cooling or high-pressure air cooling two kinds of modes, the heat sink is located coil upper portion, blows in water smoke or high-pressure air from top to bottom and cools down. In this embodiment, only the high-pressure air cooling mode is listed, and the water mist spraying cooling mode can adopt the prior art.
Example 3, with reference to fig. 1 to 11, the specific usage of the high magnetic field apparatus for thermal treatment disclosed in this example is as follows:
according to the material property and the required application of the reinforced workpiece, the current value and the current frequency required by the equipment are set in advance.
And putting the workpiece with the temperature near the Curie temperature into the inner container of the equipment, and placing the workpiece in the center.
The device is started, a set current is input to the coil through the power supply, the current generates a magnetic field after passing through the coil, and the magnetic field acts on the workpiece to achieve the effect of strengthening the workpiece.
If the workpiece needs to be cooled from high temperature to normal temperature in an air cooling mode, high-pressure air is started for cooling, and if the workpiece needs to be cooled rapidly, the workpiece is cooled in a water mist spraying mode.
Examples of workpieces made of high-chromium cast iron materials are:
s1, performing early-stage rough machining on test workpieces A1, A2 and SC;
s2, carrying out heat treatment quenching on the workpiece A1:
heating to 1050 ℃, preserving heat for 120min, then putting into equipment, and carrying out water mist jet cooling and 0.5T alternating magnetic field;
carrying out heat treatment quenching on the workpiece A2: heating to 1050 ℃, preserving heat for 120min, then putting into equipment, and carrying out water mist jet cooling and 0.5T alternating magnetic field.
The comparative sample SC was quenched by heat treatment: heating to 1050 deg.C, holding the temperature for 120min, and quenching in water.
S3, performing heat treatment tempering on the workpiece A1:
heating to 520 ℃, preserving the heat for 180min, and then air-cooling to room temperature;
and (3) performing heat treatment tempering on the workpiece A2: heating to 520 ℃, preserving heat for 180min, then introducing a 0.5T alternating magnetic field into the device, and cooling to room temperature;
carrying out heat treatment tempering on the workpiece SC: heating to 520 ℃, preserving the heat for 180min, and then cooling to room temperature by air. S3, carrying out subsequent finish machining on the A1, A2 and SC test pieces
The abrasion loss and abrasion under different process conditions are respectively measured on a friction abrasion tester, and hardness values under different process conditions are measured on a Rockwell meter.
(a) Is 2500 times of magnification of a common heat treatment quenching and tempering scanning electron microscope
(b) Is a scanning electron microscope with 2500 times magnification of alternating magnetic field heat treatment 0.2T quenching and common heat treatment tempering
(c) Is a scanning electron microscope with 2500 times magnification of alternating magnetic field heat treatment 0.2T quenching and alternating magnetic field 0.2T heat treatment tempering
Through comparison of (a), (b) and (c), the internal structure of the workpiece is more and more refined and uniform under the action of an alternating magnetic field through observation of a scanning electron microscope, and carbides are fine and smooth and have orientation.
FIG. 8 is a microscopic view (magnified 5000 times by scanning electron microscope) after ordinary heat treatment quenching; FIG. 9 is a microscopic view (magnified 5000 times by scanning electron microscope) after 0.1T quenching by alternating magnetic field heat treatment. As can be seen from fig. 8 and 9, the workpiece after being subjected to the magnetic field is more uniform. The oriented needle-shaped structure becomes shorter and thinner, which is beneficial to the uniformity of the structure.
(d) The figure is a friction and wear diagram, and the friction loss weight loss and the wear rate are measured after a test sample is placed on a friction and wear testing machine and rubbed for the same time and the same distance.
FIG. 11 is a Rockwell hardness chart showing the Rockwell hardness HRC obtained by placing a sample on a Rockwell hardness tester.
SC is a product after ordinary heat treatment in the market.
A1 is a product made of the same material, the process is the same, and the hardness of the sample is only introduced into a magnetic field in the quenching process.
A2 is a product made of the same material, the process is the same, and in the device, a magnetic field is introduced for quenching and tempering to obtain the hardness.
The parts not mentioned in the utility model can be realized by adopting or using the prior art for reference.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment is characterized by comprising a shell, a magnetic field generating mechanism, an inner container, a coil bracket and a cooling mechanism, wherein the shell is of a cylindrical structure with an open top;
the magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a coil unit and a power supply, the coil unit is arranged between the inner container and the outer shell through the coil support and comprises 2n groups of coils which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the inner container, and n is a natural number greater than zero;
each group of coils comprises a plurality of coils which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, each coil is an annular sheet structure formed by winding double glass fiber copper wires, the coils with the same height order in each group of coils are sequentially connected in series, and the coils in the same group are connected in parallel;
the winding direction and the current direction of each coil are the same.
2. The high-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a top plate, an annular side plate and a bottom plate, the annular side plate is vertically arranged, and the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the annular side plate into a whole;
the center of the top plate is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom plate seals the bottom of the annular side plate.
3. The high-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a top plate, an annular side plate and a bottom plate, the annular side plate is vertically arranged, and the top plate and the bottom plate are respectively fixedly connected with the upper end and the lower end of the annular side plate into a whole;
the center of the top plate is provided with a feed inlet, and the center of the bottom plate is provided with a discharge outlet opposite to the feed inlet.
4. The high-intensity magnetic field acting device for the heat treatment as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the inner container is a copper cylindrical structure and is arranged coaxially opposite to the annular side plate;
the upper end and the lower end of the inner container are respectively fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate, the inner side wall of the inner container is provided with an asbestos heat insulation layer, and the thickness of the asbestos heat insulation layer is more than or equal to 5mm.
5. The high-intensity magnetic field acting device for heat treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are 4 sets of coils, the two sets of coils located above are arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner, and the two sets of coils located below are also arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner;
the number of turns of each coil in the same group is sequentially increased or decreased along the axial direction of the inner container, and the thickness of each coil is equal to the width of the double glass fiber copper wire.
6. The high magnetic field apparatus for thermal processing according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic field generating means further comprises a first terminal plate and a second terminal plate, said first terminal plate and said second terminal plate being fixedly provided on the housing, respectively;
the current input ends of the coils of the uppermost group are electrically connected with the first wiring board, and the current output ends of the coils of the lowermost group are connected with the second wiring board;
the first wiring board and the second wiring board are electrically connected to two terminals of a power supply, respectively.
7. The strong magnetic field acting device for the heat treatment as recited in claim 1, wherein the coil support comprises an upper fixed disk, a lower fixed disk and a plurality of screws, the upper fixed disk and the lower fixed disk are respectively horizontally arranged above and below the coil unit and are sleeved outside the inner container;
the lower fixed disk is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner container, the plurality of screw rods are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the coil unit in an annular mode, and the upper fixed disk is fixedly connected with the lower fixed disk through the screw rods.
8. The high-intensity magnetic field applied apparatus for heat treatment as claimed in claim 1, wherein two coils adjacent to each other in sequence are used as a pair of coils for all the coils, and a mesh spacer for heat dissipation is provided between any two pairs of adjacent coils.
9. The strong magnetic field acting device for the heat treatment as recited in claim 2, wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a plurality of axial flow fans, each axial flow fan is uniformly arranged on the top plate in an annular shape and is positioned outside the feeding hole;
a plurality of air outlets are formed in the bottom plate, and the air outlets are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the inner container in an annular shape.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222044594.9U CN217733187U (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | High-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment |
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| CN202222044594.9U CN217733187U (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | High-intensity magnetic field action device for heat treatment |
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