CN217730373U - High-voltage distribution box - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a high voltage distribution box, high voltage distribution box includes: the system comprises a bottom plate with a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, a plurality of electrical elements, a low-voltage communication port and a high-voltage sampling port, wherein the electrical elements comprise a current sensor, a positive electrode relay, a charging relay, a negative electrode relay, a heating relay, a pre-charging resistor and a heating fuse; and all the electric elements are electrically connected by adopting power harnesses, all the electric elements are electrically connected with the low-voltage communication port by adopting a communication harness, and all the electric elements are electrically connected with the high-voltage sampling port by adopting a sampling harness. Through the utility model provides a pair of high voltage distribution box has solved among the current high voltage distribution box because of electric elements arranges and sets up unreasonable, the easy short circuit of circuit, and the pencil easily takes place the winding, the extravagant problem in space.

Description

High-voltage distribution box

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a new forms of energy make the field, especially relate to a high voltage distribution box.

Background

As the national strength for carbon neutralization continues to increase, new energy vehicles represented by electric vehicles have become an important direction for the development of the automobile industry, and electric vehicles have been gradually accepted by more people and used as vehicles. At present, a power battery system of a new energy automobile is one of the most critical parts in the whole automobile and the parts with the highest requirement on safety.

In order to reach a certain driving range, reduce energy loss and improve the operating efficiency of a motor, a pure electric vehicle generally adopts a power battery with large capacity and high voltage platform, which provides a new challenge for whether the power battery can safely and reliably operate. In addition, in order to save the space of the battery pack, the requirement of the whole vehicle design on the arrangement space of the battery system is higher and higher.

The high-voltage distribution box is used as a device for switching off and switching on the power battery of the new energy automobile, and plays a vital role in the safety of the battery pack. However, the existing high-voltage distribution box is not designed and assembled as an independent unit, but the battery pack is assembled into the battery box, each electric element in the high-voltage distribution circuit is sequentially assembled and connected in the battery box, more reserved space is required for assembling each element in the box body so as not to be electrically contacted, the operation is complicated, the connecting lines are messy, the space waste and the efficiency waste are difficultly caused, and the internal lines are messy so as to generate the reliability risk.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above prior art's shortcoming, the utility model aims to provide a high voltage distribution box for arrange because of electric elements among the solution prior art among the high voltage distribution box and set up unreasonable, the circuit is arranged the confusion, the easy short circuit of circuit, the pencil easily takes place the winding, the extravagant problem in space.

To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a high voltage distribution box, which comprises:

the system comprises a bottom plate with a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, a plurality of electrical elements, a low-voltage communication port and a high-voltage sampling port, wherein the electrical elements comprise a current sensor, a positive electrode relay, a charging relay, a negative electrode relay, a heating relay, a pre-charging resistor and a heating fuse;

wherein, current sensor the positive relay charge relay pre-charge resistance heating fuse low pressure communication mouth reaches high pressure sample connection is located the anodal region of bottom plate, negative pole relay reaches heating relay locates the negative pole region of bottom plate adopts the power pencil to carry out the electricity to be connected between each electrical element, each electrical element with adopt the communication pencil to carry out the electricity and connect between the low pressure communication mouth, each electrical element with adopt the sampling pencil to carry out the electricity to be connected between the high pressure sample connection.

Optionally, the power harness comprises: the copper bars are adopted for electrically connecting the electric elements.

Optionally, the power harness comprises: copper bar and cable, wherein, current sensor, positive relay, charging relay, negative pole relay pre-charge relay reaches adopt the copper bar to carry out the electricity and connect between the pre-charge resistance, the heating relay adopts the cable carries out the electricity with corresponding electrical component and connects, the heating fuse adopts the cable carries out the electricity with corresponding electrical component and connects.

Optionally, the power harness is fastened to the electrical connection of each electrical component by using bolts.

Optionally, the bottom plate further has a routing area located between the positive electrode area and the negative electrode area; wherein at least the sampling wiring harness is led to the high-voltage sampling port through the wiring area.

Optionally, the power wiring harness in the positive electrode region and the negative electrode region is routed at the top of the corresponding electrical element, and the communication wiring harness and the sampling wiring harness in the positive electrode region and the negative electrode region are routed at the bottom of the corresponding electrical element.

Optionally, the communication harness and the sampling harness are fixed to the base plate using a fixing device.

Optionally, the securing means comprises a harness securing plate and/or a cable tie.

Optionally, the sampling harness is electrically connected to the electrical components using L-shaped terminals.

Optionally, the pre-charging resistor is fixed on the bottom plate, a pre-charging relay support is arranged at the top of the pre-charging resistor, and a pre-charging relay is arranged on the pre-charging relay support; the current sensor is fixed on the bottom plate through a current sensor support.

As described above, the utility model discloses a high voltage distribution box has following beneficial effect:

1. the whole layout is divided into a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, so that the possibility of short circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is fundamentally avoided;

2. the power wiring harness is arranged at the top of the electrical element, the communication wiring harness and the sampling wiring harness are arranged at the bottom of the electrical element, and the wiring area is arranged, so that the high-voltage circuit is prevented from interfering the communication of the communication wiring harness or influencing the sampling accuracy of the sampling wiring harness;

3. the fixing device is arranged in the high-voltage distribution box, so that the communication wiring harness and the sampling wiring harness can be prevented from being wound, and the power wiring harness is fastened through the bolt, so that the reliability of circuit connection of the high-voltage distribution box is improved; electric element, power pencil, sampling pencil, communication pencil can accomplish the equipment before the battery pack is joined in marriage, can the integration assemble into in the battery box after the unified equipment, promote assembly efficiency to the space occupies for a short time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the structure schematic diagram of the high voltage distribution box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the components of the high voltage distribution box of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a high voltage distribution circuit in a high voltage distribution box according to the present invention.

Description of the reference symbols

10. High-voltage distribution box

100. Base plate

110. Positive electrode region

120. Negative electrode region

130. Routing area

200. Electrical component

210. Current sensor

220. Positive relay

230. Charging relay

240. Negative relay

250. Heating relay

260. Pre-charging relay

270. Pre-charging resistor

280. Heating fuse

300. Low-voltage communication port

400. High-pressure sampling port

500. Power wire harness

510. Copper bar

520. Cable with a protective layer

600. Communication wire harness

700. Sampling wire harness

800. Fixing device

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be understood that the structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical essential meaning, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the function that the present invention can produce and the purpose that the present invention can achieve. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over … …", "over … …", "over … …", "over", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The present embodiment provides a high voltage distribution box 10, the high voltage distribution box 10 including: a bottom plate 100 having a positive electrode region 110 and a negative electrode region 120, a plurality of electrical components 200, a low voltage communication port 300, and a high voltage sampling port 400; the number of electrical components 200 includes a current sensor 210, a positive relay 220, a charging relay 230, a negative relay 240, a heating relay 250, a pre-charge relay 260, a pre-charge resistor 270, and a heating fuse 280.

The current sensor 210, the positive relay 220, the charging relay 230, the pre-charging relay 260, the pre-charging resistor 270, the heating fuse 280, the low-voltage communication port 300, and the high-voltage sampling port 400 are disposed in the positive region 110 of the base plate 100, and the negative relay 240 and the heating relay 250 are disposed in the negative region 120 of the base plate 100.

Specifically, the pre-charging resistor 270 is fixed on the bottom plate 100, a pre-charging relay support is arranged at the top of the pre-charging resistor 270, and a pre-charging relay 260 is arranged on the pre-charging relay support; the current sensor 210 is fixed to the base plate by a current sensor bracket.

In this embodiment, the positive relay 220, the charging relay 230, the pre-charging resistor 270, the heating fuse 280, the low-voltage communication port 300, the high-voltage sampling port 400, the negative relay 240 and the heating relay 250 are directly disposed on the bottom plate 100; the pre-charging relay 260 and the current sensor 210 are short in height and are erected on the base plate 100 through a bracket, wherein the pre-charging relay 260 and the pre-charging resistor 270 are stacked in layers, so that the space can be saved, and the area of the base plate 100 can be reduced.

As an example, in the positive region, the current sensor 210 is vertically disposed at the leftmost side of the positive region by means of a current sensor holder; the positive pole relay 220, the pre-charging relay 260 and the pre-charging resistor 270 are arranged on the right side of the current sensor 210, the positive pole relay 220 is arranged on the upper sides of the pre-charging relay 260 and the pre-charging resistor 270, and the pre-charging relay 260 is arranged at the top of the pre-charging resistor 270 through a pre-charging relay bracket; the charging relay 230 is arranged on the right side of the positive relay 220; the heating fuse 280 is disposed below the charging relay 230, the low-voltage communication port 300 and the high-voltage sampling port 400 are disposed below the heating fuse 280, the heating fuse 280 and the low-voltage communication port 300 are disposed on the right side of the pre-charging relay 260, and the high-voltage sampling port 400 is disposed on the right side of the low-voltage communication port 300. In the negative electrode region, a negative electrode relay 240 is disposed on the upper side of the heating relay 250. The high-voltage distribution box 10 is internally provided with positive and negative partitions, so that the possibility of short circuit and electric leakage of circuits in the high-voltage distribution box due to the collision of positive and negative circuits and the short circuit of foreign matters in the high-voltage distribution box 10 is thoroughly avoided, all the electric elements 200 are arranged in a horizontal or vertical mode, the improvement of the circuit connection efficiency during assembly operation is facilitated, the disorder of wiring harness routing is avoided, and the connection difficulty of wiring harnesses is reduced.

The electric components 200 are electrically connected to each other by a power harness 500.

In this embodiment, the electric components 200 are connected to each other by the power harness 500 to form a high-voltage distribution circuit. Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage distribution circuit in the high voltage distribution box 10 according to the present embodiment. In addition, the negative relay 240, the pre-charging relay 260 and the pre-charging resistor 270 form a pre-charging circuit; the negative relay 240 and the positive relay 220 form a discharge circuit; the negative relay 240 and the charging relay 230 form a charging circuit; the negative relay 240, the heating relay 250, the heating fuse 280 and the positive relay 220 form a heating circuit.

As an example, in the high-voltage distribution circuit, one end of the negative relay 240 is connected to the battery negative electrode through the power harness 500, and the other end is connected to the discharge negative electrode through the power harness 500; one end of the positive relay 220 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery through the power wiring harness 500, and the other end of the positive relay is connected with the positive electrode of the discharge through the power wiring harness 500; one end of the pre-charging relay 260 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery through the power wiring harness 500, the other end of the pre-charging relay is connected with the pre-charging resistor 270 through the power wiring harness 500, and the other end of the pre-charging resistor 270 is connected with the discharging positive electrode through the power wiring harness 500; one end of the charging relay 230 is connected with the discharging positive electrode through the power wiring harness 500, and the other end is connected with the charging positive electrode through the power wiring harness 500; one end of the heating relay 250 is connected with the heating positive electrode through the power line 500, the other end of the heating relay is connected with the heating fuse 280 through the power line 500, and the other end of the heating fuse 280 is connected with the discharging positive electrode through the power line 500.

Specifically, in one example, the power harness 500 includes: copper bars 510 are adopted for electrically connecting the electric elements 200.

In this example, since the total voltage of the battery pack in the battery box is generally a high voltage of 100-400V, and the current flowing through the high-voltage distribution circuit can reach 200A, all the electrical components are electrically connected by the copper bar 510 in order to meet the requirement of the overcurrent capacity of the high-voltage distribution circuit, and the overcurrent capacity of the copper bar 510 is at least greater than 200A. During the assembly operation, each electric element 200 uses copper bar 510 to connect the back, need adopt anticreep measure (for example adopt insulating sticker and/or insulating cement to cover the copper bar) to prevent to have pencil or foreign matter mistake to touch the copper bar to the surface of copper bar 510, causes high-voltage circuit to hit the wound, and the line position of walking of copper bar 510 is whole to be located the top of each electric element 200, is favorable to preventing the circuit mistake and touches, conveniently carries out the operation of anticreep measure.

In another example, the power harness 500 includes: a copper bar 510 and a cable 520, wherein the current sensor 210, the positive relay 220, the charging relay 230, the negative relay 240, the pre-charging relay 260 and the pre-charging resistor 270 are connected by a copper bar 410; the heating relay 250 is electrically connected with a corresponding electrical element (e.g., a heating fuse 280) by using the cable 520, and the heating fuse 280 is electrically connected with a corresponding electrical element (e.g., a charging relay 230, the charging relay 230 is electrically connected with a discharging positive electrode by using a copper bar, and is electrically connected with the heating fuse 280 by using the cable 520).

In this example, since the voltage of the heating circuit in which the heating relay 250 and the heating fuse 280 are located is less than the safety voltage, typically 12v or 24v, and the resistance value of the heating circuit is large, so that efficient heating is possible, the current flowing through the heating circuit is small (e.g., less than 10A), and the power harness 500 at the two ends of the heating relay 250 and the heating fuse 280 can be electrically connected by using the cable 520 with small overcurrent capacity (e.g., less than 10A).

Specifically, the power harness 500 is fastened to the electrical connection points of the electrical components 200 by bolts.

For the solution that the power wire harness 500 is the copper bar 510, for the joint of the copper bar 510 and the electrical element 200, a circular hole for electrically connecting with the electrical element 200 is reserved on the copper bar 510, and a bolt can be directly fixed in the circular hole, so that the copper bar 510 and the corresponding electrical element 200 are electrically connected and a fastening function is also realized (as shown in fig. 2).

Aiming at the scheme that the power wire harness 500 is the cable 520, two ends of the cable 520 are respectively provided with a circular cold-pressing terminal at the joint of the cable 520 and the electric element 200, a circular hole electrically connected with the electric element 200 is formed in each circular cold-pressing terminal, a bolt can be directly fixed in each circular hole, and the fastening function is realized while the electric connection between the cable 520 and the corresponding electric element 200 is realized.

The electric components 200 are electrically connected to the low-voltage communication port 300 by a communication harness 600.

In this embodiment, each relay and current sensor 210 provided in the high-voltage distribution circuit is connected to the low-voltage communication port 300 via a communication harness 600. After the high voltage distribution box 10 is assembled into the battery box, the low voltage communication port 300 is connected with a Battery Management System (BMS), the BMS monitors the current flowing between the positive pole of the battery and the positive pole relay 220 in the high voltage distribution circuit, and controls the connection and disconnection of each relay through an electric signal instruction, and finally controls the connection and disconnection of the circuit.

The electrical components 200 are electrically connected to the high-voltage sampling port 400 by a sampling harness 700.

In this embodiment, voltage sampling points are further disposed at two ends of the positive relay 220, the charging relay 230, the negative relay 240, the pre-charging relay 260, and the heating relay 250, and are used for monitoring real-time voltages of each node in the circuit. The sampling harness 700 transmits sampling information to the high-pressure sampling port 400. After the high voltage distribution box 10 assembles into the battery box, high pressure sample connection 400 is connected with the BMS, and the BMS monitors whether the sampled voltage exceeds the threshold value through the voltage size of each node in the high voltage sampling point acquisition circuit, when exceeding the threshold value condition, through the intercommunication and the shutoff of each relay of signal of telecommunication instruction control, final control circuit's intercommunication and shutoff.

Specifically, the sampling harness 700 is electrically connected to each of the electrical components 200 using an L-shaped terminal.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the L-shaped terminal is used at one end of the sampling wire harness 700 connected to each electrical element 20, so that the sampling wire harness 700 can be prevented from being directly led out without guidance, and the phenomenon that the sampling wire harness is pulled and bent due to mechanical vibration is avoided, thereby preventing the service life from being affected.

Specifically, the communication harness 600 and the sampling harness 700 are fixed to the base plate 100 using a fixing device 800.

In this embodiment, the fixing device 800 is used to prevent the winding of the line from contacting the high-voltage control circuit, which causes short circuit and leakage; wherein, the fixing device can adopt a wire harness fixing plate and/or a cable tie.

The bottom plate 100 further has a trace region 130 located between the positive electrode region 110 and the negative electrode region 120; wherein at least the sampling wire harness 700 is led to the high voltage sampling port 400 via the routing area 130.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sampling wire harness 700 passes through the wiring area 130 and is fixed by the wire harness fixing plate, so as to prevent the high-voltage current flowing through the power wire harness 500 from generating noise on the signal of the sampling wire harness 700 and affecting the accuracy of the sampling information received by the BMS. Moreover, the power wiring harness 500 in the positive electrode area 110 and the negative electrode area 120 is routed at the top of the corresponding electrical element 200, and the communication wiring harness 600 and the sampling wiring harness 700 in the positive electrode area 110 and the negative electrode area 120 are routed at the bottom of the corresponding electrical element 200, so that the communication wiring harness 600 and the sampling wiring harness 700 can be prevented from being wound with the power wiring harness 500, and the circuit can be prevented from being touched by mistake.

In summary, the utility model provides a high-voltage distribution box, which is integrally distributed into a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, thereby fundamentally avoiding the possibility of short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the power wiring harness is arranged at the top of the electrical element, the sampling wiring harness and the communication wiring harness are arranged at the bottom of the electrical element, and the wiring area is arranged, so that the high-voltage circuit is prevented from interfering the communication of the communication wiring harness and the sampling accuracy of the sampling wiring harness; the fixing device is arranged in the high-voltage distribution box, so that the communication wiring harness and the sampling wiring harness can be prevented from being wound, and the power wiring harness is fastened through the bolt, so that the reliability of the high-voltage distribution box is improved; electric element, power pencil, sampling pencil, communication pencil can accomplish the equipment before the group battery assembly, can the integration assemble into in the battery box after the unified equipment, promote assembly efficiency to the space occupies for a short time. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high voltage distribution box, comprising:

the system comprises a bottom plate with a positive electrode area and a negative electrode area, a plurality of electrical elements, a low-voltage communication port and a high-voltage sampling port, wherein the electrical elements comprise a current sensor, a positive electrode relay, a charging relay, a negative electrode relay, a heating relay, a pre-charging resistor and a heating fuse;

wherein, current sensor the positive relay charge relay the pre-charge resistance heating fuse the low pressure communication mouth reaches the high pressure sampling mouth is located the anodal region of bottom plate, negative pole relay reaches heating relay locates the negative pole region of bottom plate adopts the power pencil to carry out the electricity to be connected between each electrical component, each electrical component with adopt the communication pencil to carry out the electricity to be connected between the low pressure communication mouth, each electrical component with adopt the sampling pencil to carry out the electricity to be connected between the high pressure sampling mouth.

2. The high voltage distribution box of claim 1, wherein said power wiring harness comprises: the copper bars are adopted for electrically connecting the electric elements.

3. The high voltage distribution box of claim 1, wherein said power wiring harness comprises: copper bar and cable, wherein, current sensor, positive relay, charging relay, negative pole relay pre-charge relay reaches adopt the copper bar to carry out the electricity and connect between the pre-charge resistance, the heating relay adopts the cable carries out the electricity with corresponding electrical component and connects, the heating fuse adopts the cable carries out the electricity with corresponding electrical component and connects.

4. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, wherein the power wiring harness is fastened to the electrical connections of the electrical components using bolts.

5. The high voltage distribution box of claim 1, wherein said backplane further has a routing area located between said positive area and said negative area; wherein at least the sampling wire harness is led to the high-voltage sampling port through the wiring area.

6. The high voltage distribution box of claim 1, wherein the power wiring harness within the positive and negative regions is routed on top of the respective electrical components, and the communication wiring harness and the sampling wiring harness within the positive and negative regions are routed on bottom of the respective electrical components.

7. The high voltage distribution box of claim 1, wherein the communication harness and the sampling harness are secured to a backplane using a securing device.

8. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 7, wherein said securing means comprises a wire harness securing plate and/or a cable tie.

9. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, wherein the sampling wire harness is electrically connected to each electrical component using an L-shaped terminal.

10. The high-voltage distribution box according to claim 1, wherein the pre-charging resistor is fixed on the bottom plate, a pre-charging relay bracket is arranged at the top of the pre-charging resistor, and a pre-charging relay is arranged on the pre-charging relay bracket; the current sensor is fixed on the bottom plate through a current sensor support.

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