Highly integrated anti-electromagnetic shielding high-voltage distribution box
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile power batteries, in particular to a built-in high-integration electromagnetic shielding high-voltage resistant distribution box for a pure electric automobile.
Background
Along with the application of the lithium ion battery on the electric vehicle, the requirements on a power battery system are higher and higher, and the related performance of the high-voltage distribution box is required to be further improved due to further improvement of the requirements on the energy density, the volume density, the use safety, the reliability and the like of the battery system. At present, the internal integration level of the high-voltage distribution box is generally not high, the space utilization rate is low, and the volume density and the energy density of the whole battery system are influenced, so that the battery system is difficult to meet the requirements of electric automobiles.
Patent CN201520182855.0 discloses an electric automobile high voltage distribution box, and the inside main control box, power pack and the PCB board that has many high voltage distribution circuit that is used for walking of box are equipped with, and distribution circuit includes low voltage connector, high voltage direct current contactor, high voltage connector and fuse, and the distribution circuit divide into total positive distribution circuit, DC/DC distribution circuit, power assisted steering distribution circuit, water heating distribution circuit, pre-charge distribution circuit and charging distribution circuit simultaneously. The patent has the advantages of higher integration level, small volume, light weight and simple assembly process. However, since the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit are all arranged on the PCB, the high-voltage circuit can interfere with the low-voltage circuit, and the use safety and reliability are affected.
Electromagnetic radiation is harmful to human bodies and ecological environments, and has been listed by world health organizations as a fourth source of environmental pollution after water cut-off, atmosphere, and noise. At present, the problem of EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) is not considered in the traditional design of the high-voltage distribution box, and the high current of the high-voltage loop of the battery system often easily causes interference to low-voltage systems such as low-voltage control and communication, and the energy-saving board design is used for reducing the use power in the electric automobile relay at present, and the internal circuit of the energy-saving board has a certain influence on the EMC (electromagnetic compatibility).
The electromagnetic compatibility problem of the vehicle-mounted charger of the electric vehicle is also a key problem in the industrialization process of the electric vehicle, the electromagnetic compatibility problem of the electric vehicle must be fully considered in the development process, and particularly, aiming at a power supply control system, suppression measures such as filtering and shielding must be carried out, so that the disturbance emitted by the electric vehicle is small enough, the harm to human bodies and the pollution to the environment are reduced, and the anti-interference capability of the electric vehicle is improved.
Patent CN201710143754.6 discloses an electric automobile high-voltage distribution box, electronic switch control circuit module on the PCB board is adopted to replace the high-voltage direct current contactor, the defects of overlarge volume, high cost and short service life of the high-voltage distribution box caused by the existence of the high-voltage direct current contactor are improved, the wire harness layout between devices in the high-voltage distribution box is optimized by an insulating controller and the PCB board, the electromagnetic interference resistance of the box is enhanced, the volume of the box is reduced, the space of the whole automobile is saved, the weight of the whole automobile is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the assembly process is simple and accurate, the maintenance is convenient, the electrical property is safer and more reliable, and the service life is longer. However, since the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit are all arranged on the PCB, the high-voltage circuit can interfere with the low-voltage circuit, and the use safety and reliability are affected. And an insulation controller is added, so that the space in the distribution box is occupied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of low space utilization rate, insufficient integration level and no effective electromagnetic interference resistance design on a high-voltage distribution box in the prior art, and provides a multifunctional, lightweight and high-space utilization rate high-voltage distribution box for enhancing the electromagnetic interference resistance of a battery system.
The invention provides a highly integrated anti-electromagnetic shielding high-voltage distribution box which comprises an outer cover, a base, a plurality of loops and a collection and detection system, wherein the loops and the collection and detection system are arranged in an inner space between the outer cover and the base; the inner surface layer of the outer cover is coated with an insulating layer, the inner surface lining layer of the outer cover is coated with a shielding layer, and the shielding layer is grounded through a grounding wire arranged on the outer cover.
Further, the circuits comprise a fast charging circuit, a slow charging circuit, a heating circuit, a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit; the quick charge loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode, a quick charge relay, a quick charge output end positive electrode, a quick charge output end negative electrode, a total negative relay and an input end negative electrode in series through copper bars; the slow charging loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode, a slow charging fuse, a slow charging relay, a slow charging output end positive electrode, a slow charging output end negative electrode, a total negative relay and an input end negative electrode in series through a copper bar; the heating loop is formed by connecting a slow charge output end positive electrode, a heating relay, a heating fuse, a heating output end positive electrode, a heating output end negative electrode and a slow charge output end negative electrode in series through copper bars; the main loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode, a total positive relay, a main loop output end positive electrode, a main loop output end negative electrode, a total negative relay and an input end negative electrode in series through copper bars; the pre-charging loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode, a pre-charging relay, a pre-charging resistor, a main loop output end positive electrode, a main loop output end negative electrode, a total negative relay and an input end negative electrode in series through a copper bar and an electric lead.
Further, an embedded groove is formed in the edge of the base; the fast charge output end cathode, the slow charge output end cathode, the heating output end cathode and the main loop output end cathode are communicated through copper bars arranged in the embedded groove.
Further, one end of the fast charging relay is connected with one end of the total positive relay through a copper bar, and one end of the slow charging relay is connected with one end of the heating relay through a copper bar.
Further, the collection detection system is composed of a Hall sensor for collecting current and a collection control integrator, the collection control integrator collects current and voltage through a control line and is connected with relays in a plurality of loops, the collection control integrator is provided with a current collection port, a voltage collection port and a relay control port, and the Hall sensor is arranged on the total negative relay.
Further, a wire clamping groove is formed in the bottom of the base; the control line and the electric wire are routed in the card slot.
Further, the heating fuse and the slow charging fuse are arranged side by side and are arranged in a double-layer mode with the pre-charging resistor.
Further, the top of the outer cover is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped heat dissipation holes.
Further, the main body of the outer cover is made of plastic, and the thickness of the outer cover is 1-3 mm.
Further, the shielding layer is shielding paint, and the insulating layer is insulating paint.
The positive electrode of the input end and the negative electrode of the input end are connected with a battery system; the positive electrode of the quick charge output end and the negative electrode of the quick charge output end are connected with a charge pile, and the quick charge function is controlled through the quick charge relay and the total negative relay during quick charge; the positive electrode of the slow charging output end and the negative electrode of the slow charging output end are connected with a charging pile, and the slow charging function is controlled through a slow charging fuse, a slow charging relay and a total negative relay during slow charging; the positive electrode of the output end of the main loop and the negative electrode of the output end of the main loop are connected with a working loop, and the pre-charging function is controlled through a pre-charging relay, a pre-charging resistor and a total negative relay during pre-charging; under the condition that the pre-charging loop is connected, the main positive relay is connected, and then the pre-charging relay is disconnected, so that the main loop function of the battery system is realized, and the power output to the working loop is realized.
When heating, the main negative relay is disconnected, the positive electrode of the slow charging output end and the negative electrode of the slow charging output end are connected with the charging pile, the positive electrode of the heating output end and the negative electrode of the heating output end are connected with the heating device in the battery system, and the heating function is controlled through the heating relay and the heating fuse.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the insulating layer is coated on the surface layer of the inner surface of the outer cover, the shielding layer is coated on the inner surface layer of the inner surface of the outer cover, and the inner surface of the outer cover is grounded through the grounding wire, so that the outer cover and the grounded battery system shell keep the same potential, and the electromagnetic interference resistance effect of the distribution box is improved.
The five loops of the distribution box have 6 relays in total and have the functions of fast charging, slow charging, heating, pre-charging, main loop total positive control and main loop total negative control, namely 6 top functions.
According to the invention, the embedded groove type is adopted to connect the fast charge output end cathode, the slow charge output end cathode, the heating output end cathode and the main loop output end cathode with the copper bars, so that obvious space crossing of the copper bars can be avoided, an electric safety gap is ensured, and the safety performance of the distribution box is improved.
According to the invention, one end of the fast charging relay is connected with one end of the total positive relay through the copper bar, and one end of the slow charging relay is connected with one end of the heating relay through the copper bar, so that the number of copper bars can be reduced, and the space utilization rate and the integration degree of the distribution box are improved.
The Hall sensor of the invention performs current collection, voltage collection through a control line, and relay adhesion detection through voltage collection and comparison at two ends of the total negative relay, thereby realizing 3 functions of voltage collection, current collection and relay adhesion detection. The collection control integrator is provided with a current collection port, a voltage collection port and a relay control port, and is connected with a battery system, so that the installation is convenient and quick.
The low-voltage control wire and the electric wire are arranged in the wire clamping groove and separated from the high-voltage copper bar, so that the high-voltage and low-voltage wire harness can be separated, the safety performance of the distribution box is improved, and the stability of control wire transmission is facilitated.
The heating fuse and the slow charging fuse are arranged side by side and are arranged in a double-layer mode with the pre-charging resistor, and space utilization rate is improved.
The main body of the outer cover is plastic, has the thickness of 1-3 mm, and is beneficial to reducing the overall weight of the distribution box.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a view showing the overall construction of a high-voltage distribution box according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall top view of the high voltage distribution box of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an interior top view of the high voltage distribution box of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a view showing the internal space configuration of the high-voltage distribution box of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the above figures:
1. the electric heating device comprises an outer cover, 2, a waist-shaped heat dissipation hole, 3, a shielding layer, 4, a grounding wire, 5, a heating fuse, 6, a heating relay, 7, a slow charging fuse, 8, a slow charging relay, 9, a total negative relay, 10, a Hall sensor, 11, an acquisition control integrator, 12, a pre-charging relay, 13, a total positive relay, 14, a fast charging relay, 15, a pre-charging resistor, 16, a copper bar, 17, a main loop output end positive electrode, 18, a fast charging output end positive electrode, 19, an input end positive electrode, 20, an input end negative electrode, 21, a slow charging output end positive electrode, 22, a heating output end positive electrode, 23, a base, 24, an embedded groove, 25, a main loop output end negative electrode, 26, a wire clamping groove, 27, a fast charging output end negative electrode, 28, a slow charging output end negative electrode, 29 and a heating output end negative electrode.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings, but is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a highly integrated anti-electromagnetic shielding high voltage distribution box comprises an outer cover 1, a base 23, a plurality of loops and a collection detection system, wherein the loops and the collection detection system are arranged in an inner space between the outer cover 1 and the base 23; the inner surface layer of the outer cover 1 is coated with an insulating layer, the inner surface lining layer of the outer cover is coated with a shielding layer 3, and the shielding layer 3 is grounded through a grounding wire 4 arranged on the outer cover 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the several circuits include a fast charge circuit, a slow charge circuit, a heating circuit, a main circuit, a pre-charge circuit; the quick charge loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode 19, a quick charge relay 14, a quick charge output end positive electrode 18, a quick charge output end negative electrode 27, a total negative relay 9 and an input end negative electrode 20 in series through a copper bar 16; the slow charging loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode 19, a slow charging fuse 7, a slow charging relay 8, a slow charging output end positive electrode 21, a slow charging output end negative electrode 28, a total negative relay 9 and an input end negative electrode 20 in series through a copper bar 16; the heating circuit is formed by connecting a slow charge output end positive electrode 21, a heating relay 6, a heating fuse 5, a heating output end positive electrode 22, a heating output end negative electrode 29 and a slow charge output end negative electrode 28 in series through a copper bar 16; the main loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode 19, a total positive relay 13, a main loop output end positive electrode 17, a main loop output end negative electrode 25, a total negative relay 9 and an input end negative electrode 20 in series through a copper bar 16; the pre-charging loop is formed by connecting an input end positive electrode 19, a pre-charging relay 12, a pre-charging resistor 15, a main loop output end positive electrode 17, a main loop output end negative electrode 25, a total negative relay 9 and an input end negative electrode 20 in series through a copper bar 16 and an electric wire (not shown in the figure).
As a preferred embodiment, the edge of the base 23 is provided with an embedded groove 24; the fast charge output terminal cathode 27, the slow charge output terminal cathode 28, the heating output terminal cathode 29 and the main circuit output terminal cathode 25 are communicated through the copper bar 16 arranged in the embedded groove 24.
As a preferred embodiment, one end of the fast charging relay 14 is connected to one end of the total positive relay 13 through a copper bar 16, and one end of the slow charging relay 8 is connected to one end of the heating relay 6 through a copper bar 16.
As a preferred embodiment, the collection and detection system is composed of a hall sensor 10 for collecting current and a collection and control integrator 11, the collection and control integrator 11 collects current and voltage through a control line (not shown in the figure) and is connected with relays in the loops, the collection and control integrator 11 is provided with a current collection port, a voltage collection port and a relay control port, and the hall sensor 10 is arranged on the total negative relay 9.
As a preferred embodiment, a wire clamping groove 26 is arranged at the bottom of the base 23; the control and electrical conductors run within the card slot 26.
As a preferred embodiment, the heating fuse 5 and the slow charging fuse 7 are arranged side by side and are arranged in a double layer with the pre-charging resistor 15.
As a preferred embodiment, the top of the outer cover 1 is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped heat dissipation holes 2.
As a preferred embodiment, the main body of the outer cover 1 is plastic, and the thickness is 1-3 mm.
As a preferred embodiment, the shielding layer 3 is shielding paint, and the insulating layer is insulating paint.
The insulating layer is coated on the surface layer of the inner surface of the outer cover 1, the shielding layer 3 is coated on the inner surface layer of the inner surface and is grounded through the grounding wire 4, so that the outer cover 1 and the grounded battery system shell keep the equipotential, and the anti-electromagnetic interference effect of the distribution box is improved.
The five loops of the distribution box have 6 relays in total and have the functions of fast charging, slow charging, heating, pre-charging, main loop total positive control and main loop total negative control 6 tops. The Hall sensor 10 performs current collection, voltage collection through a control line, and relay adhesion detection through voltage collection comparison at two ends of the total negative relay 9, so that 3 functions of voltage collection, current collection and relay adhesion detection are realized. The collection control integrator 11 is provided with a current collection port, a voltage collection port and a relay control port, is connected with a battery system, and is convenient and quick to install and comprehensive in function.
The fast charge output end cathode 27, the slow charge output end cathode 28, the heating output end cathode 29 and the main loop output end cathode 25 are connected by adopting the copper bar 16, and the copper bar is arranged in the embedded groove 24, so that obvious space crossing of the copper bar 16 can be avoided, an electric safety gap is ensured, and the safety performance of the distribution box is improved. The electric gap is required to be larger than 10mm, and the wire harness is neat and fixed and has enough heat dissipation space. One end of the fast charging relay 14 is connected with one end of the total positive relay 13 through a copper bar 16, one end of the slow charging relay 8 is connected with one end of the heating relay 6 through the copper bar 16, so that the number of copper bars can be reduced, and the space utilization rate and the integration degree of the distribution box can be improved. The low-voltage control wires and the electric wires are orderly arranged in the wire clamping groove 26 and separated from the high-voltage copper bars 16, so that high-voltage and low-voltage wire bundles can be separated, the safety performance of the distribution box is improved, and the stability of control wire transmission is also facilitated.
The main body of the outer cover 1 is made of plastic, and the thickness is 1-3 mm, so that the whole weight of the distribution box is reduced.
The whole high-voltage distribution box is low in internal height, the maximum internal height is only the highest installation height of the total positive relay 13, internal components are reasonably distributed, the components are precisely distributed under the condition of ensuring the electric gap of the components, the orientation of each component is adjusted, the mode of extremely saving the plane space of the base is placed, the heating fuse 5 and the slow charging fuse 7 are arranged side by side, and the heating fuse and the pre-charging resistor 15 are in double-layer arrangement, so that the space utilization rate is improved.
The foregoing has outlined the basic principles, features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.