CN217703092U - Eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part machining - Google Patents
Eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN217703092U CN217703092U CN202221422025.7U CN202221422025U CN217703092U CN 217703092 U CN217703092 U CN 217703092U CN 202221422025 U CN202221422025 U CN 202221422025U CN 217703092 U CN217703092 U CN 217703092U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part processing, which comprises a base, a cam, a pressing plate, a pull rod, an index plate and a positioning pin, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate and a vertical back plate, the vertical back plate is provided with a screw hole, a shaft hole and a positioning hole, the index plate is arranged at the shaft hole, and the positioning pin is arranged at the positioning hole; a pin shaft penetrates through the cam and is fixed on the base, an eccentric wheel handle is installed on the outer side of the cam, a compression screw penetrates through the bottom of the pressing plate and is fixed by a hexagon nut, and the left side and the right side of the compression screw are respectively connected with the side wall of the cam and the spring; the middle part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the first middle pin to be used for connecting a screw, the tail part of the connecting screw is in threaded connection with a screw hole of the vertical back plate, the top part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the second middle pin to be used for fixing the head of the pull rod, the pull rod penetrates through the middle of the index plate, and the other end of the pull rod is provided with an opening gasket. The structure has the advantages of simple structure, high-speed and high-efficiency clamping and dismounting, improvement on production efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an anchor clamps for the small parts machining, especially an eccentric wheel clamping mechanism that is used for the big batch processing of irregularly shaped aviation small parts's quick reliable clamp tightly.
Background
When small aviation parts with irregular shapes are machined, the machining is difficult to align through scribing under common conditions, and the clamping and dismounting efficiency of the clamp greatly influences the machining efficiency of the parts, so that the improvement of the clamping and dismounting efficiency of the clamp can improve the productivity and reduce the machining cost, and is very important for the development of the manufacturing industry.
Therefore, the fixture capable of clamping quickly and reliably is designed, the positioning requirement can be ensured, the machining precision is improved, quick clamping and dismounting can be met, and the working efficiency is improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for finding part processing through laborsaving lever principle for solve the work efficiency of finding part for aviation of processing shape irregularity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for processing the small parts comprises a base and the small parts, and is characterized by further comprising a cam, a pin shaft, a compression screw, a hexagon nut, a spring, a pressing plate, a first middle pin, a second middle pin, a connecting screw, a pull rod, an index plate, an opening gasket and a positioning pin, wherein the cam, the pin shaft, the compression screw, the hexagon nut, the spring, the pressing plate, the first middle pin, the second middle pin, the connecting screw, the pull rod, the index plate, the opening gasket and the positioning pin are arranged on the base; the pin shaft penetrates through the cam and fixes the cam on the base, an eccentric wheel handle is installed on the outer side of the cam, the compression screw penetrates through the bottom of the pressing plate and is fixed by a hexagon nut, and the left side and the right side of the compression screw are respectively connected with the side wall of the cam and the spring; the middle part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the first middle pin to be used for connecting a screw, the tail part of the connecting screw is screwed into a screw hole in the middle part of the vertical back plate, the top part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the second middle pin to be used for fixing the head part of the pull rod, the pull rod penetrates through the middle of the dividing plate on the vertical back plate, and the tail end of the pull rod is provided with an opening gasket.
Further, two positioning keys for fixing are arranged below the base.
Further, the positioning pin is a diamond positioning pin.
The working principle is as follows: according to a certain direction, the cam is driven to rotate by rotating the eccentric wheel handle, the cam extrudes the compression screw to move rightwards, the compression spring is further extruded, meanwhile, the pull rod is driven to move rightwards through the labor-saving lever, and the positioned small part is compressed tightly through the opening gasket. After the through groove of the small part is milled, the eccentric wheel handle is rotated to drive the cam to rotate, the compression spring pushes the compression screw to move leftwards, the compression screw pushes the pull rod to move rightwards through the labor-saving lever, so that the small part and the opening gasket are not extruded and have a small gap, the opening gasket is taken out upwards, and the small part is taken out rightwards; and after the machined small parts are taken out, the small parts are positioned through one of the two holes again, new small parts are loaded from the right end of the pull rod, the opening gasket is inserted to rotate the eccentric wheel handle to a certain proper position, and the pull rod compresses the small parts through the opening gasket. The steps are repeated, the clamping and dismounting work of the small parts can be quickly realized by rotating the eccentric wheel handle and loading and unloading the opening gasket, and the part processing efficiency is greatly improved.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses clamping mechanism needs mass production's characteristics according to the finding, on the basis of guaranteeing the processing requirement, through the principle of laborsaving lever, realizes two holes one side location through graduated disk and locating pin. The clamping device has the advantages of simple structure, high speed and high efficiency in clamping and dismounting, improvement on production efficiency and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of the eccentric wheel clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the eccentric wheel clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the eccentric wheel clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a small irregular part of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional view of small irregular parts according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a model diagram of the hierarchical structure of the clamping mechanism of the small parts according to the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a partial right side view of the exemplary small part and clamping mechanism when clamped;
in the figure: 1. the eccentric wheel handle 2, the base 3, the positioning key 4, the cam 5, the pin shaft 6, the compression screw 7, the hexagon nut 8, the first middle pin 9, the connecting screw 10, the second middle pin 11, the pressing plate 12, the spring 13, the pull rod 14, the small part 15, the indexing disc 16, the opening gasket 17 and the positioning pin.
Detailed Description
Elements and their corresponding figures are illustrated in fig. 2, with parts labeled in fig. 2 as possibly being unclear and parts labeled in fig. 1 and 3, respectively, with like numerals being used to indicate like parts.
The embodiment is as follows:
an eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part processing is shown in figures 1-3, and comprises a base 2, a small part 14, a cam 4, a pin shaft 5, a compression screw 6, a hexagon nut 7, a spring 12, a pressure plate 11, a first middle pin 8, a second middle pin 9, a connecting screw 9, a pull rod 13, an index plate 15, an opening gasket 16 and a positioning pin 17, wherein the cam 4, the pin shaft 5, the compression screw 6, the hexagon nut 7, the spring 12, the pressure plate 11, the first middle pin 8, the second middle pin 9, the connecting screw 13, the index plate 15, the opening gasket 16 and the positioning pin 17 are installed on the base, the base 2 comprises a bottom plate and a vertical back plate, screw holes are formed in the middle and the bottom of the vertical back plate, a shaft hole and a positioning hole are formed in the top of the vertical back plate, the index plate 15 is arranged in the shaft hole, and a pluggable rhombic positioning pin 17 is arranged in the positioning hole; the pin shaft 5 penetrates through the cam 4 and is fixed on the base 2, the eccentric wheel handle 1 is installed on the outer side of the cam 4, the compression screw 6 penetrates through the bottom of the pressing plate 11 and is fixed by the hexagon nut 7, and the left side and the right side of the compression screw 6 are respectively connected with the side wall of the cam 4 and the spring 12; the middle of the pressure plate 11 transversely penetrates through the first middle pin 8 and is used for connecting the screw 9, the tail of the connecting screw 9 is in threaded connection with a screw hole in the middle of the vertical back plate, the top of the pressure plate 11 transversely penetrates through the second middle pin 10 and is used for fixing the head of the pull rod 13, the pull rod 13 penetrates through the middle of an index plate 15 on the vertical back plate, and the other end of the pull rod 13 is provided with an opening gasket 16. Two positioning keys 3 which are placed front and back are arranged below the base 2.
The using method comprises the following steps: according to a certain direction, the cam 4 is driven to rotate by rotating the eccentric wheel handle 1, the cam 4 extrudes the compression screw 6 to move rightwards, the compression spring 12 is further extruded, meanwhile, the pull rod 13 is driven to move rightwards by the labor-saving lever, and the pull rod 13 compresses the positioned small part 14 through the opening gasket 16. After the through groove of the small part 14 is milled, the eccentric wheel handle 1 is rotated to drive the cam 4 to rotate, the compression spring 12 pushes the compression screw 6 to move leftwards, the compression screw 6 pushes the pull rod 13 to move rightwards through the labor-saving lever, so that the small part 14 and the opening gasket 16 are not extruded and have small gaps, the opening gasket 16 is upwards taken out, and the small part 14 is rightwards taken out; after the machined small part 14 is taken out, the small part 14 is positioned through one side of the two holes again, a new small part 14 is installed from the right end of the pull rod 13, the opening gasket 16 is inserted to rotate the eccentric wheel handle 1 to a certain proper position, and the pull rod 13 presses the small part 14 through the opening gasket 16. The steps are repeated, the small parts 14 can be clamped and disassembled quickly by rotating the eccentric wheel handle 1 and loading and unloading the opening gaskets 16, and the part machining efficiency is greatly improved.
In order to further explain the present invention, the following is to take the through groove of milling a certain aviation small part as an example to perform the selection design process of the fixture, the structure of the small part is as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a hierarchical structure model of the clamping mechanism is firstly established, according to the characteristics of different clamping mechanisms, the clamping mechanism suitable for the small part is firstly selected by the method of calculating the comprehensive weight of the hierarchical structure model of the clamping mechanism, and then the special fixture suitable for the small part is designed according to the selected clamping mechanism, so that the production efficiency can be greatly improved. The method comprises the steps of determining a clamping mechanism suitable for the small part, and designing a clamp suitable for the small part according to the selected clamping mechanism mainly from the four aspects of self-locking, reinforcement ratio, rapidness, high efficiency and simple structure.
And judging the matrix. Constructing a judgment matrix of the index layer to the target layerPConstructing a judgment matrix of the index layer to the target layer according to the 1-9 scaling method and the figure 6P. Wherein the index of bid is shown in Table 2-1
TABLE 2-1 Scale Table
When the through groove of the small part is milled, the clamping force direction can be consistent with the machining force direction, so that the clamping requirement can be met only by small clamping force, the force increasing ratio can be small, but the part is in large batch, so that the requirement on efficiency is high, and on the basis of the requirement, the following judgment matrix is obtained
And (5) checking the consistency. The judgment matrix is obtained by pairwise comparison according to a 1-9 scale method, and has high subjectivity and uncertainty, so that the judgment matrix needs to be comparedPPerforming consistency check, and introducing consistency ratioCRMatrix consistency indexCIAnd average random consistency indexRI. Wherein:
RIIs determined according to the value of the matrixPThe order of the judgment matrix is different, the values of the order are shown in the table 2-2, and the judgment matrix is subjected to judgmentPPerforming consistency check whenCRThe smaller the value of (A), the judgment matrixPThe better the consistency is performed, usually whenCRLess than or equal to 0.1, and the consistency of each element in the judgment matrix is considered to be better. If it isCRIf is more than 0.1, the judgment matrix is describedPHas poor consistency and needs to reconstruct a new judgment matrix
By a decision matrix
Calculating its new maximum eigenvalue
By calculation up to
If the signal satisfies less than 0.1, the judgment matrix is indicated
The consistency of each element in the judgment matrix is better, and the judgment matrix is used as a final judgment matrixP。
And index layer weight values. By a decision matrixPIt is possible to obtain,λ max =4.0206 CR=0.0076<0.1, so the relative judgment matrix passes consistency check, the elements in the relative judgment matrix are reasonable, the consistency of the elements is good, and the weight value of each index of the index layer to the target layer is calculated according to the judgment matrixP w =[0.1546 0.0695 0.5675 0.2084]。
And the judgment matrix of the scheme layer to the index layer. The most common clamping mechanisms, screw clamping mechanisms, cam clamping mechanisms, eccentric wheel clamping mechanisms and other clamping mechanisms are mainly considered on the scheme level. And through the index layer to the scheme layer, according to the characteristics of various clamping mechanisms, respectively constructing four judgment matrixes of four indexes in the scheme layer to the index layer, checking consistency and respectively calculating the weight value of each judgment matrix scheme layer to the index layer.
Constructing a relative judgment matrix of the scheme layer to the self-locking index in the index layer according to a 1-9 scale methodP 1
P w1=[0.2634 0.3847 0.2011 0.1508]
Similarly, firstly, a relative judgment matrix of the scheme layer to the reinforcement ratio index in the index layer is constructed according to a 1-9 scale methodP 2
P w2=[0.2758 0.4778 0.1478 0.0985]
Similarly, a relative judgment matrix of the scheme layer to the rapid and efficient indexes in the index layer is constructed according to a 1-9 scale methodP 3
P w3=[0.1126 0.2296 0.4554 0.2024]
Similarly, firstly, a relative judgment matrix of the scheme layer to the index with simple structure in the index layer is constructed according to the 1-9 scale methodP 4
P w4=[0.3364 0.4116 0.1008 0.1512]
And (4) integrating the weight of the clamping mechanism. Therefore, the comprehensive weight of the scheme to the target layer can be calculated, and the calculation expression is as follows
For the small part, the comprehensive weight of different clamping mechanismsW=[ 0.1939 0.3088 0.3208 0.1765]For the scheme in the scheme layer corresponding to the comprehensive weight, the comprehensive weight is a decision index of the scheme, and the clamping mechanism is selected according to the comprehensive weight of the clamping mechanism, so that the eccentric wheel clamping mechanism is preferably selected, then the spiral clamping mechanism is selected, and then the spiral clamping mechanism is selectedSelecting a wedge clamping mechanism, and finally selecting other clamping mechanisms. Therefore, the eccentric clamping mechanism is preferably selected when designing the clamp for the small part.
The eccentric clamping mechanism of the embodiment is shown in figures 1-3, and the working principle is as follows: the through groove for processing the small part adopts two holes on one surface for positioning and uses a positioning pin and an index plate for positioning. When the eccentric wheel handle rotates to drive the eccentric wheel to move the compression screw and the lower part of the pressing plate rightwards, the compression spring is simultaneously compressed, the pull rod is pulled leftwards, the clamping gasket presses the small part to be machined, after the small part is machined, the eccentric wheel handle rotates, the compression spring pushes the compression screw leftwards open, the upper part of the pressing plate moves rightwards, the pull rod is pushed rightwards, the opening gasket is taken out, and the right end of the pressing plate directly takes out the part. Fig. 7 is a partial view of the small parts and the clamping mechanism in this embodiment when clamped.
The utility model discloses a clamping mechanism easy operation is high-efficient. The whole clamping and dismounting process is simple and quick to operate, parts can be quickly clamped and machined only by rotating the eccentric wheel handle to a certain position, and the machined parts can be quickly dismounted by moving the eccentric wheel handle to another proper position.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the methods and their core concepts. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the above technical features can be combined in a proper manner; the application of these modifications, variations or combinations, or the application of the concepts and solutions of the present invention in other contexts without modification, is not intended to be considered as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for processing the small parts comprises a base and the small parts, and is characterized by further comprising a cam, a pin shaft, a compression screw, a hexagon nut, a spring, a pressing plate, a first middle pin, a second middle pin, a connecting screw, a pull rod, an index plate, an opening gasket and a positioning pin, wherein the cam, the pin shaft, the compression screw, the hexagon nut, the spring, the pressing plate, the first middle pin, the second middle pin, the connecting screw, the pull rod, the index plate, the opening gasket and the positioning pin are arranged on the base; the pin shaft penetrates through the cam and fixes the cam on the base, an eccentric wheel handle is installed on the outer side of the cam, the compression screw penetrates through the bottom of the pressing plate and is fixed by a hexagon nut, and the left side and the right side of the compression screw are respectively connected with the side wall of the cam and the spring; the middle part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the first middle pin to be used for connecting a screw, the tail part of the connecting screw is screwed into a screw hole in the middle part of the vertical back plate, the top part of the pressure plate transversely penetrates through the second middle pin to be used for fixing the head part of the pull rod, the pull rod penetrates through the middle of an index plate on the vertical back plate, and an opening gasket is arranged at the tail end of the pull rod.
2. The eccentric clamping mechanism for small parts machining according to claim 1, wherein two positioning keys for fixing are arranged below the base.
3. The eccentric clamping mechanism for small parts machining according to claim 1, wherein the positioning pin is a diamond positioning pin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221422025.7U CN217703092U (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part machining |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221422025.7U CN217703092U (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part machining |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217703092U true CN217703092U (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202221422025.7U Active CN217703092U (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Eccentric wheel clamping mechanism for small part machining |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN217703092U (en) |
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- 2022-06-09 CN CN202221422025.7U patent/CN217703092U/en active Active
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