CN217681870U

CN217681870U - Sealing structure suitable for impeller machinery, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor

Info

Publication number: CN217681870U
Application number: CN202221353886.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨锐; 景伟; 陈钢; 戴月进; 李猛; 林彤; 吴晓明; 王恭义; 舒伟林; 蔡晓蕊; 陈卫明; 肖高绘; 王让慈
Original assignee: Shanghai Turbine Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Turbine Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-31
Filing date: 2022-05-31
Publication date: 2022-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-31

Abstract

The utility model provides a structure, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor obturage suitable for impeller machinery, include: the volute comprises an outer shell part, a variable pressure shell part and an inner shell part which are sequentially connected along the radial direction of the volute, and a sealing groove is formed in the inner side wall of the variable pressure shell part; the working medium transformer comprises a pressure-changing disc, flow guide vanes and surrounding discs, the pressure-changing disc is arranged on the outer shell and matched with the pressure-changing shell, the flow guide vanes are arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure-changing disc, facing the pressure-changing shell, and the surrounding discs are connected with the tops of all the flow guide vanes and are positioned in the sealing grooves; the elastic sealing ring is arranged at the groove bottom of the sealing groove and is in butt fit with the surrounding belt disc. The utility model discloses can ensure that spiral case and working medium transformer all can realize zero clearance under unit cold state and hot working condition and seal, reduce the working medium and leak, avoid the working medium to be polluted, improve unit efficiency.

Description

Sealing structure suitable for impeller machinery, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an impeller machine technical field especially relates to a structure of obturaging, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor suitable for impeller machine.

Background

Rotating machines are widely used in society, and centrifugal compressors and radial turbines are the most common rotating machines. Are commonly used in various types of power generation and power plants, such as micro gas turbines, trains, air turbines, helium turbines, and the like.

The method for improving the circulating pressure increase ratio and the circulating temperature increase ratio of the compressor is the most effective means for improving the efficiency of the compressor. And the diffuser at the outlet of the compressor is not separated, and the appropriate diffuser can further improve the pressure of the airflow after the airflow is compressed by the impeller of the compressor. Turbine vanes are also often required to improve centripetal turbine efficiency. In the design and manufacture of the gas compressor and the turbine, a gas inlet and outlet volute and a turbine volute of the gas compressor are cast; the requirement of the diffuser of the compressor and the guide vane of the turbine on the surface smoothness of the grid is higher, the surface smoothness is usually milled and assembled with the volute after the milling is finished. After cold assembly is completed, the diffuser and the blade top of the turbine guide vane have zero clearance; when the unit is in hot operation, under the action of thermal stress, the diffuser and the blade top of the turbine guide vane have uneven gaps along the radial direction. Research shows that the blade top clearance of the diffuser can cause the compressor to not reach the ideal pressure ratio when the compressor runs at the full speed, and the clearance of 0.2mm can cause the efficiency of the compressor to be reduced by 2%; the turbine blade gap is larger at the turbine end due to the higher operating temperature, resulting in reduced turbine efficiency.

The patent "an adjustable centrifugal compressor circumferential weld bleed structure" (chinese patent cn201611211124. X) sets up the continuous circumferential annular seam bleed between centrifugal casket and diffuser through disconnecting centrifugal casket and diffuser to be used for bearing cavity obturating and centrifugal impeller import blade root runner obturating after further stepping down through the throttle nozzle with the bleed. The invention can be directly applied to a small-sized aircraft engine with radial air intake. Such sealing structures are very complex and are only suitable for small thin-walled structures, and the sealing effect for casting molds with high strength requirements is limited.

The patent "thermal spray seal coating processing method for controlling the operating clearance of a micro turbojet engine" (chinese patent cn201410768204. X) is a thermal spray seal coating processing method for controlling the operating clearance of the micro turbojet engine. It includes degreasing organic solvent of the stator component, low-pressure sand blowing, plasma spraying of bottom layer and nickel-graphite spraying. The sprayed layer is one kind of contact seal, and during dynamic and static friction, the material with low strength is first worn. The method can reduce the sealing clearance and protect important parts from abrasion, and the coating can resist high temperature. The contact seal has the problems that the material abraded by the abradable coating pollutes working media, and in addition, "dynamic and static contact" can bring unpredictable difficulty to the starting of the unit, and particularly can cause the unit to vibrate. Furthermore, units with abradable coatings can generally only be used in open cycles.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the foregoing prior art's shortcoming, the to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model reside in providing a structure of obturating, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor suitable for impeller machine can ensure that spiral case and working medium transformer all can realize zero clearance and obturate under unit cold state and hot state operating mode, reduce the working medium and leak, avoid the working medium to be contaminated, improve unit efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a structure of obturaging suitable for impeller machinery, include:

the volute comprises an outer shell part, a variable pressure shell part and an inner shell part which are sequentially connected along the radial direction of the volute, and a sealing groove is formed in the inner side wall of the variable pressure shell part;

the working medium transformer comprises a pressure-changing disc, flow guide vanes and surrounding discs, the pressure-changing disc is arranged on the outer shell and matched with the pressure-changing shell, the flow guide vanes are arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure-changing disc, facing the pressure-changing shell, and the surrounding discs are connected with the tops of all the flow guide vanes and are positioned in the sealing grooves;

the elastic sealing ring is arranged at the groove bottom of the sealing groove and is in butt fit with the surrounding belt disc.

Preferably, the belt-surrounding disc is provided with insertion holes for inserting the top parts of the guide vanes, and the insertion holes correspond to the guide vanes one by one.

Preferably, the pressure changing plate is detachably connected to the outer casing portion at a radially outer side thereof by a fastening assembly.

Preferably, the transformer disc radially includes flange portion, linking ring portion and the collar installation portion that connects perpendicularly in proper order along self, and flange portion can be dismantled and connect in outer casing portion, links up the collar installation portion butt in outer casing portion, and collar installation portion aligns in the groove of obturating.

Preferably, the groove bottom of the sealing groove is provided with an annular clamping groove for clamping the elastic sealing ring.

Preferably, the cross section of the elastic sealing ring is one of a C shape, an O shape and a Y shape.

Preferably, the sealing structure suitable for the impeller machine further comprises an impeller, and the impeller is matched with the inner shell portion in position.

Preferably, the impeller comprises a wheel disc and a movable blade arranged on the wheel disc.

The utility model also provides a centripetal turbine, include be applicable to impeller machinery's device of obturaging.

The utility model also provides a centrifugal compressor, include be applicable to impeller machinery's device of obturating.

As above, the utility model discloses a structure, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor of obturating suitable for impeller machinery has following beneficial effect: one of the structures of the outer housing part and the inner housing part is used for flowing in working medium, and the other structure is used for flowing out the working medium. The guide vane of the working medium transformer is used for guiding the working medium, and when the working medium flows through the guide vane, the air pressure of the working medium can be changed. The pressure swing disk is located on the inside wall of pressure swing casing part to the water conservancy diversion leaf, encloses the leaf top connection of tep reel and all water conservancy diversion leaves, so sets up, and pressure swing disk, water conservancy diversion leaf and shroud plate inject a plurality of vary voltage runners jointly, and the both ends of every vary voltage runner communicate with the inner chamber of shell part and the inner chamber of interior shell part respectively. More importantly: enclose the tep reel and be located the inslot of obturating, the tank bottom department in the groove of obturating is located to the elastic sealing ring, and the cooperation of elastic sealing ring and enclosing tape dish butt can realize that spiral case and working medium transformer are in zero clearance state all the time, is in the state of obturating all the time between the area dish of the vary voltage casing part of spiral case and working medium transformer promptly, realizes zero clearance airtight fit. Specifically, when the transformer disc is not tightly arranged on the outer shell part, the side surface of the belt winding disc contacts the elastic sealing ring firstly, and a gap is reserved between the belt winding disc and the transformer shell part; when the transformation dish was closely installed in outer casing part, elastic seal was extruded and takes place elastic deformation by the side surface of enclosing the tape dish, and the clearance of enclosing the tape dish and transformation casing part at this moment further dwindles. When the generating set carries out hot-state operation, the clearance value between above-mentioned surrounding band dish and the vary voltage casing portion of spiral case grow under thermal stress, because there is the resilience volume after the elastic seal circle is extruded, the biggest resilience volume of elastic seal circle is greater than the clearance increase value of surrounding band dish and vary voltage casing portion, and then makes elastic seal circle butt all the time in surrounding the dish to realize zero clearance airtight cooperation between the surrounding band dish of the vary voltage casing portion of messenger's spiral case and working medium transformer. Therefore, the utility model discloses a structure, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor of obturating suitable for impeller machine can ensure that spiral case and working medium transformer all can realize zero clearance and obturate under unit cold state and hot working condition, reduce the working medium and leak, avoid the working medium to be polluted, improve unit efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a first cross-sectional view of a sealing structure suitable for use in an impeller machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates a second cross-sectional view of a sealing structure suitable for use with an impeller machine in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the elastomeric seal ring;

FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the tape containment reel;

fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the variable pressure disk.

Description of the element reference numerals

1. Spiral casing

11. Outer casing part

12. Voltage transformation shell part

121. Sealing groove

121a ring-shaped clamping groove

13. Inner housing part

2. Working medium transformer

21. Pressure changing disc

211. Flange part

212. Linking ring part

213. Mounting ring part

22. Flow guide vane

23. Band enclosing disc

231. Plug-in mounting hole

3. Elastic sealing ring

4. Impeller wheel

41. Wheel disc

42. Moving vane

Detailed Description

The following description is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.

It should be understood that the structures, the proportions, the sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention does not have the substantial technical significance, and the modification of any structure, the change of the proportion relation or the adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or adjustments of the relative relationship thereof may be made without substantial technical changes, and the present invention is also regarded as the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the utility model provides a structure of obturating suitable for impeller machinery, include:

the spiral case 1, the spiral case 1 includes outer casing part 11, vary voltage casing part 12 and inner casing part 13 that connect sequentially along self radial, there are sealing grooves 121 on the inside wall of the varying voltage casing part 12;

the working medium transformer 2 comprises a variable pressure disc 21, guide vanes 22 and a surrounding disc 23, the variable pressure disc 21 is arranged on the outer shell part 11 and is matched with the position of the variable pressure shell part 12, the guide vanes 22 are arranged on the inner side wall, facing the variable pressure shell part 12, of the variable pressure disc 21, and the surrounding disc 23 is connected with the top of each guide vane 22 and is positioned in the sealing groove 121;

elastic sealing ring 3, elastic sealing ring 3 locate the tank bottom department in groove 121 of obturating, and elastic sealing ring 3 cooperates with enclosing tep reel 23 butt.

In the present invention, one of the structures of the outer casing portion 11 and the inner casing portion 13 is used for flowing in the working medium, and the other structure is used for flowing out the working medium. The guide vane 22 of the working medium transformer 2 is used for guiding the working medium, and when the working medium flows through the guide vane 22, the air pressure of the working medium changes. The guide vanes 22 are arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure changing plate 21 facing the pressure changing shell part 12, the surrounding belt plate 23 is connected with the vane tops of all the guide vanes 22, and thus the pressure changing plate 21, the guide vanes 22 and the surrounding belt plate 23 jointly limit a plurality of pressure changing flow passages, and two ends of each pressure changing flow passage are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the outer shell part 11 and the inner cavity of the inner shell part 13. More importantly: enclose the tep reel 23 and be located the groove 121 of obturating, elastic sealing ring 3 locates the tank bottom department in the groove 121 of obturating, elastic sealing ring 3 with enclose tep reel 23 butt cooperation, so set up, can realize that spiral case 1 and working medium transformer 2 are in zero clearance state all the time, be in the state of obturating between spiral case 1's the vary voltage casing portion 12 and working medium transformer 2's the tep reel 23 all the time promptly, realize zero clearance airtight cooperation. Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the variable pressure disc 21 is not tightly mounted on the outer housing portion 11, the side surface of the surrounding disc 23 first contacts the elastic sealing ring 3, and at this time, there is a gap, for example, 1mm, between the surrounding disc 23 and the variable pressure housing portion 12 (i.e., the bottom of the sealing groove 121); referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the variable pressure disk 21 is tightly mounted to the outer housing portion 11, the elastic sealing ring 3 is pressed by the side surface of the surrounding disk 23 and is elastically deformed, and at this time, the gap between the surrounding disk 23 and the variable pressure housing portion 12 (i.e., the bottom of the sealing groove 121) is further reduced, for example, an assembly gap of 0.1mm may be left. When the generator set operates in a hot state, the clearance value between the belt surrounding disc 23 and the pressure transformation shell part 12 of the volute 1 is increased under the thermal stress, and the elastic sealing ring 3 has resilience after being extruded, so that the maximum resilience of the elastic sealing ring 3 is greater than the clearance increase value of the belt surrounding disc 23 and the pressure transformation shell part 12, and the elastic sealing ring 3 is always abutted against the belt surrounding disc 23, and therefore zero-clearance airtight fit is achieved between the pressure transformation shell part 12 of the volute 1 and the belt surrounding disc 23 of the working medium transformer 2. In addition, the structure of obturating of this application does not have the abradable coating, does not have the contaminated problem of working medium, can be applied to respectively in open cycle unit and the closed cycle unit.

Therefore, the utility model discloses a structure of obturaging suitable for impeller machinery can ensure that spiral case 1 and working medium transformer 2 all can realize zero clearance under unit cold state and hot working condition and obturate, reduces the working medium and leaks, avoids the working medium to be polluted, improves unit efficiency.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in order to improve the connection between the guide vanes 22 and the shroud ring 23, the shroud ring 23 is provided with insertion holes 231 into which the vane tops of the guide vanes 22 are inserted, and the insertion holes 231 correspond to the guide vanes 22 one by one. The top of the guide vane 22 is first clamped in the corresponding insertion hole 231, and then the guide vane 22 and the shroud ring 23 are fixedly connected by welding (the welded guide vane can be turned flat to remove stress).

In order to facilitate the detachment of the pressure varying disk 21 from the outer housing 11, the pressure varying disk 21 is detachably connected to the outer housing 11 at a radially outer side thereof by a fastening member (not shown). For example, the fastening assembly may include a plurality of screws that are threaded through the variable pressure plate 21 and threadedly engaged with the outer housing portion 11.

In order to simplify the structure of the pressure varying disk 21 and improve the rigidity of the pressure varying disk 21, the pressure varying disk 21 includes a flange portion 211, an engaging ring portion 212 and a mounting ring portion 213, which are vertically connected in sequence, along the radial direction of the pressure varying disk 21, the flange portion 211 is detachably connected to the outer housing portion 11, the engaging ring portion 212 abuts against the outer housing portion 11, and the mounting ring portion 213 is aligned with the sealing groove 121.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, in order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the elastic sealing ring 3, a ring-shaped locking groove 121a for locking the elastic sealing ring 3 is formed at a groove bottom of the sealing groove 121.

In order to increase the maximum resilient amount of the elastic sealing ring 3, the cross section of the elastic sealing ring 3 has one of a C shape, an O shape, and a Y shape. For example, when the cross section of the elastic sealing ring 3 is C-shaped, the opening of the elastic sealing ring 3 abuts against the groove sidewall of the annular clamping groove 121a. Specifically, the outer diameter of the elastic sealing ring 3 is slightly larger than the groove depth of the ring-shaped clamping groove 121a.

The sealing structure suitable for the impeller machine further comprises an impeller 4, and the impeller 4 is matched with the inner shell part 13 in position. Further, the impeller 4 includes a disk 41 and a rotor blade 42 provided on the disk 41.

The utility model also provides a centripetal turbine, including the above-mentioned device of obturating that is applicable to impeller machinery, at this moment, working medium transformer 2 constitutes centripetal turbine's quiet leaf structure, is used for reducing the pressure of working medium and improves the velocity of flow of working medium promptly.

The utility model also provides a centrifugal compressor, be applicable to impeller machinery's sealing device including the aforesaid. At this time, the working medium transformer 2 forms a diffuser of the centrifugal compressor, that is, the diffuser is used for increasing the pressure of the working medium and reducing the flow rate of the working medium. The utility model discloses a centrifugal compressor has following specific technological effect:

the first point is as follows: in the existing centrifugal compressor, the gap between a diffuser and a volute is 0.35mm, the efficiency of the existing centrifugal compressor is 76.8%, and the pressure ratio is 5.9. The utility model discloses an among the centrifugal compressor, diffuser and spiral case 1's clearance is zero, and centrifugal compressor's efficiency is 79%, and the pressure ratio is 6.3.

And a second point: the diffuser has no leakage loss, all working media can be further diffused, the reliability of the centrifugal compressor is improved, and the rated pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor is realized.

And a third point: because the elastic sealing ring 3 can be elastically deformed, the applicable temperature range of the centrifugal compressor is wider, and higher specific pressure can be realized.

Fourth step: since the shroud disc 23 is non-threaded with the variable pressure housing portion 12 of the volute casing 1, no thermal stress is generated between the shroud disc 23 and the volute casing 1.

To sum up, the utility model is suitable for a sealing structure, centripetal turbine and centrifugal compressor of impeller machinery can ensure that spiral case and working medium transformer all can realize zero clearance sealing under unit cold state and hot state operating mode, reduce the working medium and leak, improve unit efficiency. Therefore, the utility model effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a structure of obturating suitable for impeller machinery which characterized in that includes:

the spiral case (1) comprises an outer case part (11), a transformation case part (12) and an inner case part (13) which are sequentially connected along the radial direction of the spiral case (1), and a sealing groove (121) is arranged on the inner side wall of the transformation case part (12);

the working medium transformer (2), the working medium transformer (2) includes pressure-varying disc (21), guide vane (22) and encloses the tape reel (23), the pressure-varying disc (21) locates the outer casing (11) and cooperates with position of the pressure-varying casing (12), the guide vane (22) locates on the inner sidewall of pressure-varying disc (21) towards the pressure-varying casing (12), enclose the tape reel (23) and connect with the top of leaf of all guide vane (22) and locate in sealing the trough (121);

elastic sealing ring (3), elastic sealing ring (3) are located the tank bottom department that seals groove (121), and elastic sealing ring (3) and surrounding belt dish (23) butt cooperation.

2. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 1, wherein: the enclosing disc (23) is provided with insertion holes (231) for inserting the top parts of the guide vanes (22), and the insertion holes (231) are in one-to-one correspondence with the guide vanes (22).

3. The seal structure for the turbomachinery as recited in claim 1, wherein: the radial outer side of the variable pressure plate (21) is detachably connected with the outer shell part (11) through a fastening assembly.

4. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 3, wherein: pressure changing disc (21) radially includes flange portion (211), linking ring portion (212) and collar installation portion (213) that connect perpendicularly in proper order along self, and flange portion (211) can be dismantled and connect in outer casing portion (11), and linking ring portion (212) butt in outer casing portion (11), and collar installation portion (213) align in obturating groove (121).

5. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 1, wherein: and an annular clamping groove (121 a) for clamping the elastic sealing ring (3) is formed in the groove bottom of the sealing groove (121).

6. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 5, wherein: the cross section of the elastic sealing ring (3) is one of C-shaped, O-shaped and Y-shaped.

7. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing structure suitable for the impeller machinery further comprises an impeller (4), and the impeller (4) is matched with the inner shell part (13) in position.

8. The sealing structure applicable to the impeller machine according to claim 7, wherein: the impeller (4) comprises a wheel disc (41) and movable blades (42) arranged on the wheel disc (41).

9. A radial inflow turbine, comprising: comprising a sealing device suitable for turbomachines as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A centrifugal compressor, characterized by: comprising a sealing device suitable for turbomachinery as recited in any one of claims 1 to 8.