CN217666451U

CN217666451U - Single-shaft numerical control swing head

Info

Publication number: CN217666451U
Application number: CN202222098893.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谷尚武; 夏昊; 孙宏图; 王岱; 苏策; 刘继盛
Original assignee: Beijing Jingdiao Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Jingdiao Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-10
Filing date: 2022-08-10
Publication date: 2022-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a single-shaft numerical control head pendulum, which comprises a sliding part, a head pendulum part and a main shaft part, wherein the head pendulum part is arranged on the sliding part and can linearly reciprocate along with the sliding part; the main shaft part is arranged at the output end of the head swing part and can rotate around the rotation axis of the head swing part under the action of the head swing part; the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the sliding surface of the sliding part is smaller than 90 degrees, and the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the rotation axis of the main shaft part is smaller than 90 degrees. The utility model discloses the space occupies for a short time when the yaw rotates, and processing space loss is very little, can effectively improve space utilization and machining precision.

Description

Single-shaft numerical control swing head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a digit control machine tool field, in particular to unipolar numerical control yaw.

Background

The numerical control rotary table or the numerical control swing head is added on the basis of the structure of the three-axis numerical control machine tool to form four-axis or five-axis equipment, so that the production efficiency can be improved, and the machining precision of a polyhedral workpiece can be improved, wherein the scheme that the three-axis numerical control machine tool is matched with the numerical control swing head has great advantages in machining large workpieces with high verticality requirements.

The swing head structure of the existing swing head type four-axis or five-axis numerical control machine tool is mostly an orthogonal structure, and the swing head of the structure occupies a large space during rotation, so that the actual use stroke can be reduced, and the problems of low space utilization rate and the like exist; and the existing swing head is mostly driven by a servo motor, and is driven by a speed reducer, so that the problems of low transmission precision, poor rigidity, low processing precision and the like exist.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome prior art not enough, provide a direct drive formula non-quadrature unipolar numerical control yaw structure, adopt and directly drive motor direct drive, the yaw occupies for a short time when rotating, and processing space loss is very little, effectively improves space utilization and machining precision.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme: a single-shaft numerical control head pendulum comprises a sliding part, a head pendulum part and a main shaft part, wherein the head pendulum part is arranged on the sliding part and can linearly reciprocate along with the sliding part; the main shaft part is arranged at the output end of the head swing part and can rotate around the rotation axis of the head swing part under the action of the head swing part; the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the sliding surface of the sliding part is smaller than 90 degrees, and the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the rotation axis of the main shaft part is smaller than 90 degrees.

Above-mentioned unipolar numerical control pendulum head, the axis of rotation of pendulum head portion is 45 with the contained angle between the slip plane of sliding part, the axis of rotation of pendulum head portion with the contained angle between the axis of rotation of main shaft portion is 45.

The single-shaft numerical control head comprises a head swinging base, a motor stator, a motor rotor, a bearing seat, a bearing and a central rotating shaft, wherein the central rotating shaft is supported in the head swinging base through the bearing; the motor stator is arranged on the inner wall of the swing head base, the motor rotor is arranged on the central rotating shaft, and the motor stator and the motor rotor interact with each other to drive the central rotating shaft to rotate.

According to the single-shaft numerical control head, the head swing part further comprises an encoder, a positioning and clasping module and a safety brake module, wherein the encoder is mounted on the central rotating shaft and can feed back the real-time rotating position of the central rotating shaft; the positioning and clasping module is arranged on the swing head base and can be used for positioning the angle of the central rotating shaft; the safety brake module is arranged on the swing head base and can brake and protect the central rotating shaft in the power-off process.

In the single-shaft numerical control head, the main shaft part comprises the main shaft mounting seat and the electric main shaft, and the main shaft mounting seat is fixed on the front end surface of the central rotating shaft and can rotate along with the central rotating shaft; the electric spindle is arranged in the spindle mounting seat.

According to the single-shaft numerical control head, the cutter is mounted at the tail end of the electric spindle, and the machining point of the cutter is located at the position, close to the rotation axis, of the head.

In the single-shaft numerical control head, the sliding part comprises a sliding bottom plate, and a guide rail or a sliding block is arranged at the back of the sliding bottom plate; the sliding bottom plate and the swing head base are of an integrally formed structure; or the swing head base and the sliding bottom plate are of a split structure, and the swing head base is fixedly arranged on the sliding bottom plate.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the utility model discloses a non-quadrature yaw structure, the yaw occupies for a short time when rotating, and the processing space loss is very little, has effectively improved space utilization. The swing head is directly driven by a direct drive motor, has no transmission clearance and high precision, and can realize better surface finish of the machined part. The processing position of the main shaft cutter is arranged near the rotating center of the swinging head, so that the deviation of the positioning angle of the swinging head can be effectively reduced, the influence of cutting torque is reduced, and higher precision and stability are realized. The positioning and holding module can position the swing head at a fixed angle, so that the rigidity of a positioning and processing system can be enhanced, and the mounting angle of the main shaft can be adjusted randomly, thereby realizing the vertical and horizontal conversion of the main shaft and having strong flexibility. The safety brake module can hold the swing head tightly under the condition of sudden power failure, important parts such as a cutter, a workpiece and a main shaft are prevented from being impacted under the action of gravity, and safety accidents caused by accidental power failure are effectively prevented. The utility model discloses four-axis or five-axis linkage processing can also be realized to the cooperation revolving stage.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the spindle switching state of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a unipolar numerical control yaw, including sliding bottom plate 1, yaw portion 2, main shaft mount pad 3 and electricity main shaft 4.

The sliding bottom plate 1 is connected with a machine tool through a guide rail sliding block and can reciprocate along a linear shaft of the machine tool under the action of a linear shaft driving device of the machine tool. The head swing part 2 is mounted on the sliding base plate 1 and can perform reciprocating linear movement along with the sliding base plate 1. The spindle mounting base 3 is mounted at the output end of the head swing portion 2 and can rotate around the rotation axis of the head swing portion under the action of the head swing portion 2. An electric spindle 4 is arranged in the spindle mounting seat 3, a cutter is arranged at the tail end of the electric spindle 4, and a cutter processing point is positioned at a position close to a rotating axis of the head swing part 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the swing head 2 includes a swing head base 21, a safety brake module 22, a positioning and clasping module 23, a motor stator 24, a motor rotor 25, an encoder 26, a bearing seat 27, a bearing 28, and a central rotating shaft 29. The rear end of the swing head base 21 is fixedly connected with the sliding bottom plate 1, and the front end of the swing head base 21 is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 27, so that the sliding bottom plate 1 and the swing head base 21 can be made into an integrated structure in order to improve the rigidity and the precision of the whole system. The center shaft 29 is supported in the yaw base 21 by a bearing 28, and the bearing 28 is mounted in the bearing housing 27. The motor stator 24 is installed on the inner wall of the swing head base 21, the motor rotor 25 is installed on the central rotating shaft 29, the interaction of the motor stator 24 and the motor rotor 25 can drive the central rotating shaft 29 to rotate, and the rotating axis of the central rotating shaft 29 forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the sliding surface of the sliding bottom plate 1. The spindle mounting base 3 is fixed on the front end face of the central rotating shaft 29 and can drive the electric spindle 4 to rotate together with the central rotating shaft 29, and the rotating axis of the electric spindle 4 and the rotating axis of the central rotating shaft 29 always form an included angle of 45 degrees.

In order to realize accurate real-time position feedback, the central rotating shaft 29 is further provided with an encoder 26, and meanwhile, in order to realize the angle positioning of the central rotating shaft 29, a positioning and clamping module 23 is further arranged in the swing head base 21, so that the central rotating shaft 29 can be clamped and loosened, the positioning and processing of the numerical control swing head can be realized when the central rotating shaft 29 is clamped, and the rigidity of the whole system during processing is improved. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the impact of gravity on important parts such as a cutter, a workpiece, a main shaft and the like when the power is cut off suddenly, a safety brake module 22 is further arranged in the swing head base 21, and the central rotating shaft 29 can be tightly held when the power is cut off suddenly, so that the braking protection of the central rotating shaft 29 is realized.

In order to realize the internal sealing of the head swing portion 2, a labyrinth sealing device is further arranged at the front end of the head swing portion 2, the labyrinth sealing device comprises a sealing ring 210 and a sealing ring 211, and the sealing ring 210 is mounted on the head swing base 21 and is fixed. The sealing ring 211 is installed on the central rotating shaft 29 and rotates along with the central rotating shaft 29, positive pressure clean air is filled between the sealing ring 210 and the sealing ring 211, positive pressure sealing effect can be achieved, and meanwhile friction torque of the head swing portion 2 can be effectively reduced.

During operation, the motor stator 24 on the head swing portion 2 drives the central rotating shaft 29 to rotate through the motor rotor 25 mounted on the central rotating shaft 29, so as to drive the spindle mounting base 3 mounted on the front end face of the central rotating shaft 29 to rotate, and the electric spindle 4 can process a workpiece according to actual processing angle requirements. According to actual requirements, the swing head can realize four-axis linkage machining or positioning machining of one-time clamping and finishing multi-surface machining by combining the motion of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a machine tool. The five-axis linkage processing or positioning processing can be realized by matching with a turntable on a machine tool workbench.

With the rotation of the head swing part 2, the axis of the electric spindle 4 can be perpendicular to the working table of the machine tool for processing, namely vertical processing, as shown in fig. 1; the axis of the electric spindle 4 can also be parallel to the working table of the machine tool for processing, namely horizontal processing, as shown in fig. 3, so that vertical-horizontal conversion processing of the machine tool can be realized.

The pendulum head portion 2 of the present embodiment adopts a non-orthogonal angle of 45 degrees, and certainly, the non-orthogonal angle of the pendulum head portion can be changed according to the requirements of the use working conditions, so that the flexibility, the rigidity, the space utilization rate and the negative angle processing of the non-orthogonal numerical control pendulum head are improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications according to the principle of the present invention. Therefore, modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-shaft numerical control swing head is characterized by comprising a sliding part, a swing head part and a main shaft part, wherein the swing head part is arranged on the sliding part and can linearly reciprocate along with the sliding part; the main shaft part is arranged at the output end of the head swing part and can rotate around the rotation axis of the head swing part under the action of the head swing part; the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the sliding surface of the sliding part is smaller than 90 degrees, and the included angle between the rotation axis of the head swing part and the rotation axis of the main shaft part is smaller than 90 degrees.

2. The single-shaft numerical control pendulum head of claim 1, wherein an angle between a rotation axis of the pendulum head portion and a sliding surface of the sliding portion is 45 °, and an angle between the rotation axis of the pendulum head portion and a rotation axis of the main shaft portion is 45 °.

3. The single-shaft numerical control head according to claim 2, wherein the head swing part comprises a head swing base, a motor stator, a motor rotor, a bearing seat, a bearing and a central rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft is supported in the head swing base through the bearing, the bearing is installed in the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixedly connected with the head swing base; the motor stator is arranged on the inner wall of the swing head base, the motor rotor is arranged on the central rotating shaft, and the motor stator and the motor rotor interact with each other to drive the central rotating shaft to rotate.

4. The single-shaft numerical control head pendulum of claim 3, wherein the head pendulum part further comprises an encoder, a positioning and clasping module and a safety brake module, wherein the encoder is mounted on the central rotating shaft and can feed back the real-time rotating position of the central rotating shaft; the positioning and clasping module is arranged on the swing head base and can be used for positioning the angle of the central rotating shaft; the safety brake module is arranged on the swing head base, and can brake and protect the central rotating shaft when power is off.

5. The single-shaft numerical control head according to claim 4, wherein the main shaft part comprises a main shaft mounting seat and an electric main shaft, and the main shaft mounting seat is fixed on the front end surface of the central rotating shaft and can rotate along with the central rotating shaft; the electric spindle is arranged in the spindle mounting seat.

6. The single-axis numerical control head according to claim 5, wherein a tool is mounted at the end of the electric spindle, and the tool machining point is located at a position close to the rotation axis of the head.

7. The single-shaft numerical control head according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the sliding part comprises a sliding bottom plate, and a guide rail or a sliding block is arranged on the back of the sliding bottom plate; the sliding bottom plate and the swing head base are of an integrated structure; or the swing head base and the sliding bottom plate are of a split structure, and the swing head base is fixedly arranged on the sliding bottom plate.