CN217632420U - Core drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a core drill, which comprises a kinetic energy unit and a sampling unit; the kinetic energy unit comprises a drill rod, an impact mechanism and a sliding column which are coaxially arranged; one end of the drill rod is fixed at one end of the impact mechanism, and the other end of the drill rod extends out of the drill hole; one end of the sliding column is coaxially and slidably connected with one end of the impact mechanism, which is far away from the drill rod, and the other end of the sliding column is fixedly arranged on the sampling unit; the sliding column and the impact mechanism are in a relative static state along the circumferential direction; the sampling unit comprises an inner pipe assembly, an outer pipe assembly, a single-action mechanism and a drill bit which are coaxially arranged, the outer pipe assembly is sleeved outside the inner pipe assembly and is rotationally connected with the inner pipe assembly through the single-action mechanism, one end of the outer pipe assembly is connected with the sliding column, and the other end of the outer pipe assembly is connected with the drill bit; one end of the inner pipe assembly, which is close to the drill bit, is used for the soil sample to stretch into and be stored. The method can realize rotary drilling, hammering drilling and rotary hammering composite drilling, and the appropriate drilling method is selected according to different geological conditions, so that the drilling construction efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Core drilling tool

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of drilling, and more particularly, to a core drill.

Background

In the work of geological exploration, environmental sampling and solid mineral exploration and drilling, a core drill is needed to drill an underground sample from a stratum, the core drill is a special drill for obtaining the underground stratum sample, and the taken sample is the most visual and actual data for knowing underground geology and mineral products.

At present, in the environment sampling and drilling work, undisturbed sampling of a fourth series of soft settled layers is required, and particularly, stratum such as silt soil, silt, cohesive soil, soft soil, silt and the like are involved.

In engineering geological exploration and drilling work, a single-pipe or double-pipe drilling tool is generally adopted to match with flushing fluid for sampling and drilling loose and easily-washed gravel soil, sand and pebble and coarse sand strata.

In the solid mineral exploration and drilling work, the formation coring work is mainly used, and a double-pipe or rope coring drilling tool is generally adopted to be matched with flushing liquid to drill in a rotary mode.

With respect to the related art in the above-mentioned,

1. in the environment sampling drilling work, the loss in the energy transmission process is serious due to the elastic deformation of the drill rod and the side friction resistance of the drill rod and a drill hole, the impact force or pressure loss acting on a drill bit is serious, the drilling speed is greatly reduced along with the increase of the depth of the drill hole, and the coring quality is poor;

2. in the engineering geological exploration and drilling work, drilling is carried out in a rotary mode, the rock core of a complex stratum is small in size and loose, the rock core is difficult to clamp and take, so that the sampling rate is low, the quality is poor, the stratum is unstable, so that in-hole accidents such as clamping drilling of a drilling tool or burying drilling are frequently caused in the drilling process, the coring difficulty is high, and the wall protection of the drilling hole is difficult; the earth surface is difficult to process by adopting measures such as strong lifting, hammer hammering and the like, the effect is poor, and particularly, the single-pipe drilling tool is adopted to drill, so that the mud on the earth surface of a construction site is seriously polluted;

3. in the solid mineral exploration and drilling work, due to the fact that the integrity of mineral products is high, drilling tool jamming and drilling tool clamping accidents often occur, frequently adopted treatment measures comprise powerful pulling, hammer driving, pulling while rotating to cut off the drilling tool and the like, and the accident handling period is long, the cost is high, and the risk is high.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to facilitate the core of drilling a sample under different geological conditions, the application provides a coring drilling tool.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a core drill, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a core drill comprises a kinetic energy unit and a sampling unit which are arranged along the same axis;

the kinetic energy unit comprises a drill rod, an impact mechanism and a sliding column which are coaxially arranged; one end of the drill rod is fixed at one end of the impact mechanism, and the other end of the drill rod extends out of the drill hole; one end of the sliding column is coaxially and slidably connected with one end of the impact mechanism, which is far away from the drill rod, and the other end of the sliding column is fixedly arranged on the sampling unit; the sliding column and the impact mechanism rotate simultaneously along the circumferential direction and are in a relative static state;

the sampling unit comprises an inner tube assembly, an outer tube assembly and a drill bit which are coaxially arranged, the outer tube assembly is sleeved outside the inner tube assembly and is rotatably connected with the inner tube assembly, one end of the outer tube assembly is connected with the sliding column, and the other end of the outer tube assembly is connected with the drill bit; and one end of the inner pipe assembly, which is close to the drill bit, is used for entering and storing a soil sample.

By adopting the technical scheme, when soil sample coring is carried out, a sampling hole is excavated in advance, and then the drilling tool is put down to the bottom of the hole until the drill bit is contacted with the bottom of the hole; lifting the impact mechanism through the drill rod, enabling the impact mechanism to slide along the sliding column and move upwards until the sliding column reaches the maximum sliding stroke of the sliding mechanism, stopping lifting the drill rod and releasing the drill rod, enabling the drill rod and the impact mechanism to slide downwards along the sliding column under the action of gravity, enabling the impact mechanism to impact the top end of the outer pipe assembly and further transmitting impact force to the drill bit, enabling the drill bit to cut into the stratum at the bottom of a hole, enabling a soil sample to enter the inner pipe assembly, repeating the action process until the sampled soil sample column is filled in the inner pipe assembly, and completing a repeated drilling and sampling process; when sampling of other soil quality is met, the drill rod is lifted, and simultaneously, a rotary force is provided for the drill rod through the drilling machine, the drill rod drives the impact mechanism, the sliding column and the outer pipe assembly to synchronously rotate, so that the drill bit is driven to rotate while being subjected to downward impact force, and hammering rotary drilling is carried out on the soil sample; when the resistance is too large to cause the drill tool to block and clamp the drill, the drill rod is quickly lifted upwards and the rotary force is provided for the drill rod to be used independently or in a matched mode, rock powder, sediment or rock fragments in annular space gaps of the drill tool and the hole wall fall off through vibration, so that the drill tool is unlocked and lifted out, and the effects of unlocking and facilitating sampling are achieved. The drilling rod, the impact mechanism and the sliding column that set up, the promotion of drilling rod drives impact mechanism and gives the sample cell impact force for whole sample cell is whole to be strikeed downwards, and then can give the drill bit with continuous impact force, makes the drill bit continue to strike downwards and takes a sample, and the impact force loss of applying the drill bit reduces, has improved the efficiency and the coring quality of sample. By the aid of rotation and hammering actions of the drill rod, rotary drilling, hammering drilling and rotary hammering composite drilling methods can be achieved, and suitable drilling methods are selected for different stratums, so that drilling construction efficiency can be effectively improved; the relative position between impact mechanism and the slip post for outer tube assembly and brill sword are rotating the in-process, and the inner tube assembly can keep static, are convenient for protect the soil sample that the inner tube assembly was stored, reduce the disturbance to the soil sample post, and through strikeing simultaneously with the pivoted cooperation, can solve downthehole drilling tool card brill accident, wholly improved the suitability of drilling tool, the efficiency of coring and the quality of soil sample.

Optionally, the impact mechanism includes a reducing joint, a punch hammer, a water pipe and a hammer pad which are coaxially arranged;

the drill rod is connected with the impact hammer through the reducing joint, and the sliding column is connected with the inner cavity of the impact hammer in a sliding mode;

one end of the water pipe is communicated with the drill rod through the reducing joint, and the other end of the water pipe extends into the inner cavity of the sliding column and is in sliding connection with the inner cavity of the sliding column;

the hammer pad is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the impact hammer, of the outer pipe assembly, and one end, far away from the impact hammer, of the sliding column is fixedly arranged on the outer pipe assembly through the hammer pad.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the lower end face of the punch hammer is contacted with the hammer pad, namely the punch hammer is in a lower position, the drill rod is quickly lifted, and the drill rod drives the reducing joint, the water pipe and the punch hammer to quickly move upwards along the sliding column, so that the upward impact action is realized; at the moment, the impact hammer is positioned at an upper position, the drill rod is released, the drill rod, the reducing joint, the water pipe and the impact hammer fall downwards along the sliding column by means of gravity, and the lower end of the impact hammer impacts the hammer pad, so that downward impact action is realized, and impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the hammer pad and the sampling unit in sequence to be sampled; the reducing that sets up connects, the impact hammer, water service pipe and hammer bolster, the cooperation of impact hammer and hammer bolster, when guaranteeing the impact force, reduce the rigidity collision, the transmission of the impact force of being convenient for, impact hammer and the drilling rod that the joint is convenient for connect the size difference through the reducing, through water service pipe and slip post, the slip of slip post and impact hammer, guarantee the vertical whereabouts of impact hammer, provide the direction to the whereabouts of impact hammer, reduce the loss of impact force, reduce the card drilling situation that the drilling tool off normal caused, improve coring efficiency and soil sample quality.

Optionally, the sliding column includes a concave table and a guide column which are arranged in a T shape, one end of the concave table penetrates into the cavity of the punch hammer and is connected with the cavity of the punch hammer in a sliding manner, vent holes communicated with the cavity of the punch hammer are formed in positions of the side wall of the punch hammer close to the two ends, and the two vent holes are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the concave table; the guide pillar is set to be prismatic, the impact hammer is close to hammer bolster one end and opens to be set to prismatic hole with prismatic complex.

By adopting the technical scheme, the concave table and the guide pillar are arranged, the guide pillar is limited by the concave table, the guide pillar is prevented from being separated from the punch hammer, the up-and-down moving stroke of the punch hammer is controlled, and meanwhile impact force is generated when the concave table is abutted against two inner end walls of the punch hammer, so that the drilling tool is vibrated, and the unlocking is convenient under the drill clamping state; the arranged vent hole balances the internal and external air pressure of the punch hammer in the process of lifting or lowering the punch hammer so as to prevent the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the concave platform of the punch hammer from forming a sealed state and locking, and the impact action cannot be finished; the guide post is set to be prismatic, so that the guide post and the punch hammer are in relative rest along the circumferential direction, synchronous rotation and stop between the guide post and the punch hammer are achieved, and transmission is facilitated.

Optionally, the outer tube assembly comprises a drilling tool outer tube and a reamer;

one end of the outer pipe of the drilling tool is connected with the hammer pad, the other end of the outer pipe of the drilling tool is coaxially connected with the reamer, and the outer diameter of the reamer is larger than that of the outer pipe of the drilling tool; the drill bit is arranged on one side of the reamer, which is far away from the outer pipe of the drilling tool;

the inner pipe assembly comprises a drilling tool inner pipe, a liner pipe and a feeding seat;

the inner pipe of the drilling tool is coaxially and rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the outer pipe of the drilling tool, and the liner pipe is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner pipe of the drilling tool; the feeding seat is arranged at one end, far away from the impact mechanism, of the inner pipe of the drilling tool, and the inner diameter of the feeding seat is the same as that of the liner pipe.

By adopting the technical scheme, the outer pipe of the drilling tool and the hammer pad synchronously rotate, the impact force and the revolving force of the hammer pad are synchronously transmitted to the outer pipe of the drilling tool, and the outer pipe of the drilling tool directly drives the drill cutter to synchronously move for sampling, so that the energy loss is reduced; the reamer can perform reaming in the sampling process, the distance between the kinetic energy unit above the reamer and the hole wall is increased, the friction force between the impact hammer and the hole wall is reduced, the impact hammer is convenient to slide and rotate, and the occurrence of drill clamping is reduced; the inner pipe of the drilling tool is rotationally connected with the outer pipe of the drilling tool, so that an independent whole is formed in the inner pipe of the drilling tool, and the disturbance of the rotation of the outer pipe of the drilling tool on the inner pipe of the drilling tool is reduced; the feeding seat collects the soil sample drilled by the drill bit into the inner cavity and gradually feeds the soil sample into the liner tube to be stored along with the advancing process, and the feeding seat is a soil sample storage unit; the feeding seat is the same as the inner diameter of the liner tube, so that a soil sample can conveniently enter the liner tube, and the condition that the soil sample cannot enter the liner tube or rocks in the liner tube due to steps is avoided.

Optionally, one end of the hammer pad, which is far away from the sliding column, is provided with a one-way ball valve seat, an inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat is communicated with the liner tube and is provided with a steel ball, an inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat is communicated with an annular gap between the inner tube of the drilling tool and the outer tube of the drilling tool, and the one-way ball valve seat depends on the gravity of the steel ball to realize the one-way sealing function of the liner tube.

By adopting the technical scheme, when sampling is carried out, in the process that a compact soil sample enters the liner tube along the feeding seat, the air pressure in the cavity of the liner tube extrudes and jacks up the steel balls in the one-way ball valve seat, and the gas in the liner tube is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat, so that the soil sample column can smoothly enter the liner tube; when the drilling tool is lifted out of the drill hole after sampling is finished, the steel ball falls under the action of gravity to close a channel between the one-way ball valve seat and the liner tube, so that a closed state is formed in the whole liner tube, the soil sample column can be prevented from slipping out of the liner tube and falling, and the sampling quality and the sampling rate of the soil sample are improved.

Optionally, the sampling unit further comprises a single-action mechanism connecting the outer pipe of the drilling tool and the inner pipe of the drilling tool; the single-action mechanism comprises a mandrel, an upper thrust bearing, a bearing seat, a lower thrust bearing, a spring, an adjusting nut and a spring sleeve;

one end of the mandrel is fixed with the hammer pad, and the other end of the mandrel extends into the inner cavity of the outer pipe of the drilling tool and is in threaded connection with the adjusting nut;

the bearing block is coaxially sleeved on the mandrel, the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing are respectively arranged at two ends of the bearing block, and the bearing block is connected with the mandrel through the upper thrust bearing and the lower thrust bearing; the spring is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the spring is abutted against the lower thrust bearing, and the other end of the spring is abutted against the adjusting nut;

the spring sleeve is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the spring sleeve is connected with the bearing seat, and the other end of the spring sleeve is connected with the inner pipe of the drilling tool; the one-way ball valve seat is arranged at the lower end of the spring sleeve.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the drill rod is driven by the drilling machine outside the hole to rotate, the hammer pad rotates to drive the mandrel and the outer pipe assembly to synchronously rotate, the inner pipe assembly, the spring sleeve and the bearing seat are arranged into a whole, and the inner pipe assembly keeps static when the outer pipe assembly rotates under the matching action of the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing; meanwhile, when the soil sample column enters the inner tube of the drilling tool in the sampling process, the side walls of the soil sample column and the inner tube of the drilling tool have frictional resistance, so that the inner tube assembly can be prevented from rotating along with the mandrel and keeping a static state, the spring sleeve and the bearing seat are prevented from rotating along with the mandrel, and the effect of single-action of the inner tube assembly and the outer tube assembly is achieved. The friction force between the bearing seat and the mandrel is greatly reduced by the upper thrust bearing, the bearing seat and the lower thrust bearing, so that the bearing seat realizes a single-action function; the spring, adjusting nut and the spring housing that set up are through position about adjusting nut to control spring is to pushing down the power ball bearing pretightning force size, thereby adjust the single action flexibility of bearing frame, will protect the structure through the spring housing simultaneously, can effectively promote among the soil sample post gets into the bushing pipe smoothly, reduce the disturbance influence to the soil sample post.

Optionally, a flushing liquid circulation system is also included; the drill rod, the reducing joint, the water pipe, the sliding column, the hammer pad and the mandrel are all provided with flushing fluid channels which are communicated in sequence along the central shaft;

a first water through hole and a second water through hole are formed in the peripheral side of the mandrel, one end of the first water through hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the mandrel, and the other end of the first water through hole is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe of the drilling tool and the outer pipe of the drilling tool; one end of the second water through hole is communicated with the liner tube, and the other end of the second water through hole is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe of the drilling tool and the outer pipe of the drilling tool;

the drill bit is provided with a water outlet hole, one end of the water outlet hole is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe of the drilling tool and the outer pipe of the drilling tool, and the other end of the water outlet hole is communicated with an annular gap between the drilling hole and the drilling tool.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the sampling process, flushing fluid is introduced from one end of the drill rod and sequentially flows through the reducing joint, the water through pipe, the sliding column, the hammer pad and the mandrel, flows into an annular gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the drilling tool along the first water through hole, finally enters the water outlet hole along the annular gap and flows to the position of the drill bit and the gap between the drilling hole and the drilling tool, so that the drilling position is lubricated, meanwhile, the friction force between the drilling tool and the hole wall is reduced, the pressure of the hole wall is balanced, and hole bottom sediments are carried to return to the ground surface from the gap between the outer pipe of the drilling tool and the drilling hole, so that the sampling efficiency and the quality of a sample are improved; meanwhile, under the state that the drilling tool is bent to be sampled and taken out or the drilling tool is stuck, the flushing fluid is matched with hammering to drill and rotate, the resistance of releasing the stuck drilling tool and taking out the drilling tool is reduced, the applicability is higher, and the sampling rate and the drilling efficiency of the pattern are improved.

Optionally, the drill bit is a cutting ring drill bit, and the water outlet hole is formed in the side surface of the cutting ring drill bit; the feeding seat is provided with an inner pipe shoe, a piston is connected in the inner pipe shoe in a sliding mode along the axial direction, and the piston can abut against the inner pipe shoe and the inner wall of the liner pipe and can slide.

By adopting the technical scheme, the inner diameter of the inner pipe boot is equal to that of the liner pipe, so that a columnar soil sample can smoothly enter the liner pipe, the piston is arranged in the liner pipe and forms a sealing and sliding fit with the liner pipe, the liner pipe is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and when hammering drilling is carried out on soft plastic strata such as silt, cohesive soil, soft soil, silt and the like, the soil sample sequentially enters the liner pipe from the cutting ring bit and the inner pipe boot and pushes the piston to move upwards along the liner pipe; flushing liquid can be prestored in a cavity of the liner tube at the upper section of the piston, the flushing liquid is extruded to jack the steel ball, and the flushing liquid is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat and the second water through hole, enters an annular gap between the inner pipe of the drilling tool and the outer pipe of the drilling tool and is discharged along the water outlet hole; in the process, the liner tube at the lower section of the piston is filled with the soil sample column, and when the drilling tool is lifted out of the drill hole after the drilling is finished, the steel ball falls down to close the one-way ball valve seat, so that a closed state is formed in the whole liner tube; the soil sample column with soft plasticity can not slide out of the liner tube and fall off. The water outlet hole can guide flushing fluid in the cutting ring drill bit to an annular gap between the outer pipe of the drilling tool and a drilled hole, so that the flushing fluid is prevented from flushing a soil sample entering the cutting ring drill bit, the disturbance and pollution of the flushing fluid to the soil sample are reduced, and the soil sample sampling rate is improved; the cutting edge of the cutting ring drill bit can be lubricated by flushing liquid discharged from the water outlet hole, drilling and carrying of hole bottom sediment to return to the ground surface are facilitated, good original-state sampling quality can be obtained, and the sampling rate of an original-state soil sample is improved.

Optionally, the drill bit is a bottom-spraying drill bit, and the water outlet hole is parallel to the central axis of the drilling tool; the feeding seat is arranged to be a barrier spring seat, a plurality of core baffles distributed along the circumferential direction of the barrier spring seat are hinged to the inner wall of the barrier spring seat, a hinged shaft of each core baffle is axially vertical to the liner tube and is arranged to be a spliced fan-shaped arc plate, and the core baffles can rotate to one side close to the impact mechanism from a splicing state.

By adopting the technical scheme, when sampling and drilling are carried out in loose gravel soil, sand gravel and coarse sand stratum which are easy to wash, the core baffle is in a horizontal closed state under the action of gravity, and in the sampling process, the core baffle rotates along the hinge axis to one side close to the impact mechanism along with the gradual entry and upward ejection of the core or soil sample until the core or soil sample reaches a vertical state and is attached to the inner side wall of the stop spring seat, so that the loose core or soil sample column can conveniently enter the liner tube; after drilling, the drilling tool is lifted upwards, the loose rock core or soil sample column in the liner tube slides downwards and presses the rock core baffle to rotate reversely along the hinge shaft and reset until the rock core baffle rotates to a horizontal state, a closed blocking cross section can be formed, the bottom end of the liner tube is sealed, the loose rock core or soil sample is prevented from falling or scattering from the opening at the bottom end of the liner tube, and then the rock core or soil sample is protected. The water outlet hole guides the flushing liquid to the bottom of the bottom-spraying drill bit, lubricates the drill bit and carries the rock powder sediments at the bottom of the hole to return to the ground surface from an annular gap between the outer pipe of the drilling tool and the drilled hole, so that the flushing of the flushing liquid on loose rock cores and soil samples entering the drill bit is reduced, and the sampling rate and the drilling speed are improved.

Optionally, the drill bit is a side-jet drill bit, and the water outlet hole is formed in the inner side of the side-jet drill bit and parallel to the central axis of the drilling tool; the feeding seat is arranged to be a clamp spring seat, a clamp spring is coaxially arranged in an inner cavity of the clamp spring seat in a sliding mode, the inner cavity of the clamp spring seat is arranged to be a conical cavity, and the section of one end, far away from the impact mechanism, of the conical cavity is smaller than that of the other end of the conical cavity.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the core column is centered and drilled in the rock stratum, the core column enters the clamp spring seat from the side-jet drill bit and pushes the clamp spring upwards, the clamp spring is restrained and weakened by the conical inner wall of the clamp spring seat, the clamp spring can expand outwards along the radial direction until the clamp spring abuts against the inner wall of the liner tube, and the core column penetrates through the clamp spring and enters the liner tube for storage; after coring is completed, the outer pipe of the drilling tool is lifted upwards, the liner pipe moves upwards synchronously along with the outer pipe of the drilling tool, the clamp spring is tightly embraced with the core column, the clamp spring moves downwards relative to the clamp spring seat, and the clamp spring is radially restrained and tightened inwards by the conical surface of the clamp spring seat, so that the clasping force of the clamp spring on the core is increased; and when the lifting force of the diamond side-jet drill exceeds the tensile force limit of the rock core column, the rock core column is pulled off, and meanwhile, the clamp spring is clamped with the rock core column to limit the rock core column, so that the rock core column is prevented from falling from the liner pipe. The apopore drains flush fluid to the drill bit inboard, and lubricated drill bit carries the sediment that hole bottom drill bit detritus produced to return to the earth's surface from the annular gap between drilling tool outer tube and the drilling, and simultaneously when drilling harder stratum, the flush fluid erodees the lubrication to the rock core side that gets into in the side jet drill bit, and the rock core of being convenient for gets into in drilling tool inner tube and the bushing pipe, improves rate of taking and drilling rate.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the drilling tool can realize the methods of rotary drilling, hammering drilling and rotary hammering combined drilling, and the drilling construction efficiency can be effectively improved by selecting a proper drilling method according to different stratums; meanwhile, impact force can be directly applied to the outer pipe assembly and then applied to the drill bit, so that the loss of the impact force and the pressure is reduced; meanwhile, through the cooperation of impact and rotation, the drill tool jamming accident in the hole can be solved, and the applicability, the coring efficiency and the soil sample quality of the drill tool are integrally improved;

2. the reducing joint, the impact hammer, the water pipe and the hammer pad are arranged, and the impact hammer is matched with the hammer pad, so that the rigid collision is reduced while the impact force is ensured, the transmission of the impact force is facilitated, the impact hammers and drill rods with different sizes are conveniently connected through the reducing joint, the vertical falling of the impact hammer is ensured through the sliding of the water pipe, the sliding column and the impact hammer, the guiding is provided for the falling of the impact hammer, the loss of the impact force is reduced, the drilling clamping condition caused by the deviation of a drilling tool is reduced, and the coring efficiency and the soil sample quality are improved;

3. the concave table and the guide post are arranged, the guide post is limited through the concave table, the guide post is prevented from being separated from the punch hammer, the up-and-down moving stroke of the punch hammer is controlled, meanwhile, impact force is generated when the concave table is abutted against two inner end walls of the punch hammer, and therefore the drilling tool is vibrated, and the drilling tool can be conveniently unlocked in a drilling clamping state; the arranged vent hole balances the internal and external air pressure of the punch hammer in the process of lifting or lowering the punch hammer so as to prevent the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the concave platform of the punch hammer from forming a sealed state and locking and being incapable of finishing the impact action; the guide post is arranged into a prism, so that the guide post and the punch hammer are relatively static along the circumferential direction, and synchronous rotation and stop between the guide post and the punch hammer are realized, so that transmission is facilitated;

4. the friction force between the bearing seat and the mandrel is greatly reduced by the upper thrust bearing, the bearing seat and the lower thrust bearing, so that the bearing seat realizes a single-action function; the pre-tightening force of the spring downward thrust ball bearing is controlled by adjusting the vertical position of the nut, so that the single-action flexibility of the bearing seat is adjusted, meanwhile, the structure is protected by the spring sleeve, the soil sample column can be effectively promoted to smoothly enter the liner tube, and the disturbance influence on the soil sample column is reduced; meanwhile, flushing fluid can be shunted so as to protect the core or soil sample to be collected and improve the collection rate and the coring quality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the impact mechanism of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ring cutter drill bit.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the inner tube shoe.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the piston structure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a single-action mechanism according to embodiment 2 of the present application.

Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of example 3 of the present application,

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a bottom-blowing drill.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the catch spring seat.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of embodiment 4 of the present application.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a side-shooter bit.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the jump ring seat.

Description of reference numerals: A. a kinetic energy unit; B. a sampling unit; 1. a drill stem; 2. an impact mechanism; 21. a reducing joint; 22. punching a hammer; 221. a vent hole; 23. a water pipe; 24. a hammer pad; 25. a seal member; 251. a three-petal type sealing ring; 252. a six-petal type sealing ring; 253. a sealing gland; 254. a screw; 3. a sliding post; 31. a concave platform; 32. a guide post; 4. an inner tube assembly; 41. an inner tube of a drilling tool; 42. a liner tube; 43. a feeding seat; 431. an inner tube boot; 432. a piston; 4321. an upper pressure plate; 4322. an expanded rubber ring; 4323. pressing the plate downwards; 4324. a bolt; 4325. fixing a nut; 433. a spring guide seat; 434. a core baffle; 435. a clamp spring seat; 436. a clamp spring; 44. a one-way ball valve seat; 45. a steel ball; 5. an outer tube assembly; 51. an outer pipe of the drilling tool; 52. a reamer; 6. a single-acting mechanism; 61. a mandrel; 611. a first water passage hole; 612. a second water through hole; 62. locking the nut; 63. an upper thrust bearing; 64. a bearing seat; 65. a lower thrust bearing; 66. a spring; 67. adjusting the nut; 68. a spring housing; 69. a nozzle tip; 7. a drill bit; 71. a cutting ring drill bit; 711. a ring blade; 72. a water outlet hole; 73. a bottom jet drill bit; 731. a polycrystalline diamond compact cutting tooth; 74. a side-jet drill bit; 741. a diamond matrix; 8. a flushing fluid channel.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-13.

Example 1

The embodiment of the application discloses a core drilling tool.

This application embodiment 1 is applicable to and carries out the original state sample at soft sedimentary deposit of fourth system in the environment sample drilling work, especially relates to soft stratum such as silt soil, silt, cohesive soil, weak soil and silt and carries out former dress sample, adopts the impact drilling mode during the sample drilling.

Referring to fig. 1, a core drill includes a kinetic energy unit a, a sampling unit B, and a flushing fluid circulation system, which are disposed at the same axial center; the kinetic energy unit A comprises a drill rod 1, an impact mechanism 2 and a sliding column 3 which are coaxially arranged; the sampling unit B includes an inner tube assembly 4, an outer tube assembly 5, and a drill bit 7, which are coaxially disposed. One end of the drill rod 1 is fixed at the upper end of the impact mechanism 2, and the other end of the drill rod extends out of the drill hole for lifting; one end of the sliding column 3 is coaxially and slidably connected with the lower end of the impact mechanism 2, and the other end of the sliding column is fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer pipe assembly 5 through screw threads; the lower end of the outer pipe assembly 5 is connected with a drill bit 7 and used for extending into a drill hole to sample and store, and the outer pipe assembly 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner pipe assembly 4 and is rotatably connected with the inner pipe assembly 4.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the impact mechanism 2 includes a reducing joint 21, a hammer punch 22, a water pipe 23, a hammer pad 24, and a seal member 25, which are coaxially provided; the top end of the drill rod 1 extends out of the drill hole, and the lower end of the drill rod 1 and the upper end of the punch hammer 22 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the reducing joint 21 and are fixedly connected through screw threads. The drill rod 1, the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23, the sliding column 3 and the hammer pad 24 are all provided with flushing liquid channels 8 which are communicated in sequence and through which flushing liquid flows along the central shaft 61. The water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3 are both arranged in the inner cavity of the punch hammer 22, the upper end of the water pipe 23 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the reducing joint 21 through a screw thread, the lower end of the water pipe 23 extends into the flushing liquid channel 8 of the sliding column 3 and is in sliding connection with the sliding column 3, and the annular gap between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3 is in sealing connection through a sealing piece 25. One end of the sliding column 3 is connected with the inner cavity of the impact hammer 22 in a sliding way, the other end of the sliding column is fixedly connected with the hammer pad 24 through screw threads, and the hammer pad 24 is fixed at the upper end of the outer tube assembly 5 through screw threads.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the sliding column 3 includes a concave table 31 and a guide post 32 arranged in a "T" shape, one end of the concave table 31 penetrates into the cavity of the punch hammer 22 and is connected with the cavity in a sliding manner, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the concave table 31 are respectively used for contacting with the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the cavity of the punch hammer 22 to control the process of the sliding column 3; this application is that stroke is 500mm for reciprocating hammer 22 and water service pipe 23, and 2 groups of air vents 221 with hammer 22 inner chamber intercommunication are all seted up near both ends position to hammer 22 lateral wall, and two sets of air vents 221 set up both sides about concave station 31 respectively to prevent promoting or transferring hammer 22 in-process, form the encapsulated situation lock in the upper and lower cavity of hammer 22, and can't accomplish the impact action. The guide post 32 is arranged into a prism, extends out of the hammer 22 and is in threaded connection with the hammer pad 24, and one end of the hammer 22 close to the hammer pad 24 is provided with a prism-shaped hole matched with the prism; the guide pillar 32 is set to be a hexagonal prism, and the prismatic hole is set to be a hexagonal hole, so that the punching hammer 22 and the sliding column 3 synchronously rotate.

Referring to fig. 3, the sealing member 25 includes a sealing gland 253 coaxially fitted on the water pipe 23, a screw 254, a three-petal sealing ring 251 and a six-petal sealing ring 252; the three-petal sealing ring 251 and the six-petal sealing ring 252 are sequentially embedded in the concave part of the concave platform 31 and are abutted with the outer wall of the water pipe 23 and the inner wall of the concave platform 31; the sealing gland 253 is pressed on the upper ends of the concave platform 31 and the hexavalve type sealing ring 252 and is fixed on the top wall of the concave platform 31 through a screw 254, so that the gap between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3 is sealed. In the drilling process using the flushing liquid, the high-pressure flushing liquid can be prevented from flowing out of the fit clearance between the water pipe 23 and the sliding column 3, the high-speed reciprocating motion of the water pipe 23 in the hexagonal shaft can be ensured, and the high-pressure-resistant fluid sealing performance is more stable and reliable.

Referring to fig. 2, the lower end of the hammer pad 24 is connected with a one-way ball valve seat 44 through a screw thread, and the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with the flushing liquid channel 8 of the hammer pad 24; the one-way ball valve seat 44 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer tube assembly 5, and the inner tube assembly 4 is arranged at the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44; the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is provided with a steel ball 45, the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner pipe assembly 4, meanwhile, the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44 is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe assembly 4 and the outer pipe assembly 5, and the one-way ball valve seat 44 realizes the one-way sealing function of the inner pipe assembly 4 by means of the self gravity of the steel ball 45.

Referring to fig. 2, the outer tube assembly 5 includes a drill outer tube 51 and a reamer 52; the upper end of the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool is connected with the hammer pad 24 by screw threads, the lower end of the outer pipe is connected with the upper end of the underreamer 52 by coaxial screw threads, the lower end of the underreamer 52 is connected with the drill bit 7 by screw threads, and the outer diameter of the underreamer 52 is larger than that of the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool.

Referring to fig. 2, the inner tube assembly 4 includes a tool inner tube 41, a liner 42, and a feeder shoe 43; the upper end of the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool is connected with the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44 through a screw thread, and the lower end is connected with the feeding seat 43 through a screw thread; the liner tube 42 is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner tube 41 of the drilling tool, and the liner tube 42 in the embodiment of the present application is made of polycarbonate plastic, and the inner diameter is 64mm; the upper end of the liner tube 42 is contacted with the lower end of the one-way ball valve seat 44 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and the lower end is contacted with the upper end surface of the feeding seat 43; the feed block 43 has the same inner diameter as liner 42. The drill bit 7 is provided with a water outlet hole 72, one end of the water outlet hole 72 is communicated with the annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool, and the other end of the water outlet hole is communicated with the annular gap between the drilling hole and the drilling tool.

Referring to fig. 4, the drill 7 is a cutting ring drill 71, the cutting ring drill 71 comprises a cutting ring edge 711, and the cutting edge angle of the cutting ring edge 711 is 25 to 30 degrees; apopore 72 evenly sets up along cutting ring drill bit 71 circumference, and apopore 72 is located cutting ring drill bit 71's side, and diameter 5mm to become the contained angle 45 with cutting ring drill bit 71 center axis 61 line, the quantity of apopore 72 of this application embodiment is 8 groups, at cutting ring drill bit 71 outside evenly distributed. One end of the water outlet hole 72 is communicated with the annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool, and the other end is used for being communicated with the annular gap between the drilling hole and the drilling tool.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the feeding base 43 is provided with an inner pipe shoe 431, an inner side wall of the inner pipe shoe 431 has a concentric circular arc shape, and an inner diameter of the inner pipe shoe 431 is equal to that of the lining pipe 42, so that a columnar soil sample can smoothly enter the lining pipe 42. A piston 432 is axially slidably connected to the inner shoe 431, and the piston 432 can abut against and slide on the inner shoe 431 and the inner wall of the liner 42. The piston 432 sequentially comprises an upper pressure plate 4321, an expansion rubber ring 4322 and a lower pressure plate 4323 from the upper end to the lower end of the liner tube 42, the upper pressure plate 4321 and the lower pressure plate 4323 clamp the expansion rubber ring 4322 and are connected and fixed through a bolt 4324 and a fixing nut 4325 in a matching way, and the peripheral side of the expansion rubber ring 4322 is tightly abutted against the liner tube 42 and forms sealing fit with the liner tube 42; the piston 432 is arranged at the lower end of the liner tube 42, the liner tube 42 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, flushing liquid can be injected into the cavity above the piston 432 in advance, when a soil sample column enters the liner tube 42 from the cavity below the piston 432, the piston 432 can be pushed to slide upwards along the liner tube 42, the flushing liquid is pushed to jack the steel ball 45, the flushing liquid enters between the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 51 of the drilling tool from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and finally the flushing liquid is discharged along the water outlet hole 72 for lubrication; when the drilling tool is lifted out of the drilled hole after drilling, the steel ball 45 falls to close the passage between the one-way ball valve seat 44 and the liner tube 42, a closed state is formed in the whole liner tube 42, and the soft and plastic soil sample column is ensured not to slip out of the liner tube 42 and fall under the action of air pressure.

The implementation principle of the embodiment 1 of the application is as follows: when the fourth series of soft deposition layers are subjected to original state sampling, an impact drilling mode is adopted during drilling, a sampling hole is excavated in advance, then a core drill is lowered to the bottom of the hole, the drill bit 7 is contacted with the bottom of the hole, and the lower end face of the impact hammer 22 is contacted with the upper end of the hammer pad 24; the reducing joint 21 is lifted up through the drill rod 1, the impact hammer 22 and the water pipe 23 are driven to move upwards at the same part, the water pipe 23 slides along the sliding column 3 until the inner step surface at the lower end of the impact hammer 22 moves upwards to impact the bottom end of the concave table 31, the drill rod 1 stops being lifted and released, and the drill rod 1, the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23 and the impact hammer 22 slide along the sliding column 3 by means of gravity and fall until the lower end of the impact hammer 22 impacts the hammer pad 24, so that downward impact action is achieved. The impact force of the impact hammer 22 is transmitted to the cutting ring bit 71 through the hammer pad 24 and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool in sequence, so that the cutting ring bit 71 cuts into the bottom stratum of the hole, and the soil sample column enters the cutting ring bit 71. As the soil sample gradually enters the liner tube 42 from the cutting ring bit 71 and the inner tube shoe 431 in sequence, the piston 432 is pushed to move upwards along the liner tube 42, if drilling is performed by matching with the flushing liquid, the flushing liquid in the cavity of the liner tube 42 at the upper section of the piston 432 is squeezed to jack the steel ball 45, and the flushing liquid is discharged from the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and enters the annular gap between the outer tube 51 of the drilling tool and the outer tube 51 of the drilling tool to be discharged.

The above process is repeated until the soil sample column is filled with the entire liner tube 42, thereby completing one drilling and sampling process. When the core drill is lifted out of the drilled hole after drilling, the steel ball 45 falls to close the passage between the one-way ball valve seat 44 and the liner tube 42, and a closed state is formed in the whole liner tube 42, so that the soft and plastic soil sample column cannot slide out of the liner tube 42 and fall.

The cooperation of flushing liquid is chooseed for use according to geology, to boring into the great stratum of resistance or darker drilling, hammering drilling process cooperation uses the flushing liquid, can play lubricated effect that reduces the stratum resistance and balanced drilling Kong Biya power.

When the flushing liquid is adopted for hammering and drilling, when impact drilling is carried out, high-pressure flushing liquid is introduced into one end of the drill rod 1, the flushing liquid sequentially passes through the reducing joint 21, the water pipe 23, the sliding column 3, the hammer pad 24 and the one-way ball valve seat 44 and finally enters the annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool, the flushing liquid is injected into the annular gap between the drilling hole and the drilling tool along the water outlet holes 72 on the peripheral side of the cutting ring bit 71 while the cutting ring bit 71 is cut downwards, the flushing liquid is prevented from washing soil samples in the cutting ring bit 71, the disturbance and the pollution of the flushing liquid to the soil samples are reduced, the soil sample sampling rate is improved, the friction force between the drilling tool and the inner wall of the hole is reduced, the drilling bit 7 is lubricated, and sediments at the bottom of the hole are carried to return to the ground along the annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool and the drilling hole, meanwhile, the undisturbed soil samples with better quality are obtained, and the sampling rate and the drilling efficiency of the undisturbed soil samples are improved.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the embodiment of the present application differs from embodiment 1 in that: the sampling unit B further comprises a single-action mechanism 6, the single-action mechanism 6 is positioned in the outer pipe assembly 5, the inner pipe assembly 4 is positioned at the lower end of the single-action mechanism 6, and the outer pipe assembly 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner pipe assembly 4 and is rotatably connected with the inner pipe assembly 4 through the single-action mechanism 6. The single-action mechanism 6 includes a spindle 61, a lock nut 62, an upper thrust bearing 63, a bearing block 64, a lower thrust bearing 65, a spring 66, an adjustment nut 67, and a spring housing 68, which are coaxially disposed. The upper end of the mandrel 61 is connected with the hammer pad 24 through a screw thread, and the locking nut 62 is connected to the mandrel 61 through a thread and tightly abuts against the lower end of the hammer pad 24 to lock the mandrel 61 and prevent the screw thread from loosening and falling off; meanwhile, the length of the mandrel 61 extending out of the hammer pad 24 is adjusted through the thread at the upper end of the mandrel 61, so that the inner pipe assembly 4 is driven to move, and the size of a gap between the lower end of the inner pipe assembly 4 and the inner step of the drill bit 7 is controlled.

Referring to fig. 7, the lower end of the mandrel 61 extends into the inner cavity of the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool and is in threaded connection with an adjusting nut 67; the bearing seat 64 is sleeved on the mandrel 61 and is connected with the mandrel 61 in an axial sliding manner, the upper thrust bearing 63 and the lower thrust bearing 65 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the bearing seat 64, and the bearing seat 64 is rotationally connected with the mandrel 61 through the upper thrust bearing 63 and the lower thrust bearing 65; the spring housing 68 is provided on the spindle 61 and is positioned between the lower thrust ball bearing and the adjustment nut 67, and one end of the spring 66 abuts against the lower thrust bearing 65 and the other end abuts against the adjustment nut 67. The upper end of the spring sleeve 68 is connected with the bearing seat 64 by screw threads, and the lower end of the spring sleeve 68 is connected with the one-way ball valve seat 44 by screw threads; the oil nozzle 69 is arranged on the side face of the spring sleeve 68, lubricating grease can be injected through the oil nozzle 69 to lubricate the lower thrust ball bearing, and the single action performance of the bearing seat 64 is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the mandrel 61 is provided with a flushing fluid channel 8 communicated with the hammer pad 24 along the central shaft 61, a first water through hole 611 and a second water through hole 612 are formed in the peripheral side of the mandrel 61, one end of the first water through hole 611 is communicated with the flushing fluid channel 8 of the mandrel 61, and the other end of the first water through hole 611 is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool; one end of the second through hole 612 is communicated with the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat 44, and the other end is communicated with the annular gap between the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool and the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool.

The implementation principle of embodiment 2 of the present application is as follows: when rotary drilling or lifting is needed to be difficult, the hammer pad 24 rotates to drive the mandrel 61 and the outer tube assembly 5 to synchronously rotate, the inner tube assembly 4, the spring sleeve 68 and the bearing seat 64 are integrated, friction between the bearing seat 64 and the mandrel 61 is greatly reduced through the cooperation of the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing, the bearing seat 64 achieves a single-action function, the pretightening force of the lower thrust ball bearing is controlled through the upper position and the lower position of the adjusting nut 67, and therefore the single-action flexibility of the bearing seat 64 is adjusted. When the outer pipe assembly 5 rotates, the inner pipe assembly 4 is in a static state, so that the soil sample column can be effectively promoted to smoothly enter the liner pipe 42, the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool rotates to facilitate drilling or lifting, and meanwhile, the liner pipe 42 and the soil sample column are kept static, so that the disturbance influence on the soil sample column is reduced.

After completing a repeated drilling and sampling process, when the core drill is lifted out of the borehole after the drilling is finished, in order to ensure that the original state of the soil sample in the liner tube 42 is not disturbed, the core drill can be disassembled from the screw thread connecting the inner tube 41 of the drill and the spring sleeve 68, the liner tube 42 is drawn out from the inner tube 41 of the drill, and the two ends of the liner tube 42 are sealed, so that the original state of the soil sample can be transported and stored for a long time.

Example 3

This application embodiment 3 is applicable to engineering geological survey probing work, to loose gravel soil, sand cobble, the sample of coarse sand stratum that easily erodees creep into, cooperates the flush fluid to the gyration mode creeps into.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the embodiment of the present application differs from embodiment 2 in that: the drill bit 7 is a bottom-spraying drill bit 73, polycrystalline diamond compact cutting teeth 731 are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the bottom-spraying drill bit 73, water outlet holes 72 are uniformly distributed at intervals with the polycrystalline diamond compact cutting teeth 731, and the water outlet holes 72 are parallel to the central axis 61 of the drill bit 7; the number of the water holes of the barrel is 6, and the diameter of the water outlet hole is 72 mm; the outlet hole 72 may direct flushing fluid to the bottom of the drill bit 7, lubricating the drill bit 7 and carrying the bottom hole cuttings back to the surface from the annular gap between the outer tube 51 of the drill tool and the borehole.

Referring to fig. 10, the feeding seat 43 is arranged as a spring block seat 433, the inner side wall of the spring block seat 433 is in a concentric arc shape, 4 groups of core baffles 434 distributed along the circumferential direction of the spring block seat 433 are hinged to the inner wall of the spring block seat 433, a hinge shaft of each core baffle 434 is axially perpendicular to the liner tube 42, the core baffles are arranged as splittable fan-shaped arc plates, the core baffles can rotate along a hinge shaft at the fixed end of the core baffles, the rotation range is 0 to 90 degrees, and under the action of gravity, the 4 groups of core baffles 434 are in a horizontal closed state.

The implementation principle of embodiment 3 of the application is as follows: when sampling and drilling are carried out in loose and easily-washed gravel soil, sand gravel and coarse sand strata, the core baffle 434 is in a horizontal closed state under the action of gravity, and when sampling is carried out, along with the gradual entering and upward jacking of a core or soil sample, the core baffle 434 rotates along the hinged axial direction close to one side of the impact mechanism 2 until reaching a vertical state and is attached to the inner side wall of the blocking spring seat 433, so that the loose core or soil sample column can conveniently enter the liner tube 42. After drilling is finished, the drilling tool is lifted, loose rock cores or soil sample columns in the liner tube 42 slide downwards and press the rock core baffle 434 to rotate reversely along the hinge shaft and reset until the rock core baffle 434 rotates to be in a horizontal state, a closed blocking cross section can be formed, the bottom end of the liner tube 42 is closed, the loose rock cores or soil samples are prevented from falling or scattering from an opening at the bottom end of the liner tube 42, and then the rock cores or soil samples are protected.

Meanwhile, rotation and impact downward pressing fit can be adopted according to different geologies, pressurized rotary drilling or reduced-pressure rotary drilling can be achieved by downward pressing or upward lifting the impact hammer 22 in the vertical direction through the drill rod 1, and impact rotary drilling can be achieved by upward lifting and downward lowering the impact hammer 22 through the drill rod 1.

The water outlet hole 72 guides the flushing liquid to the bottom of the bottom jet drill bit 73, lubricates the drill bit 7 and carries the rock powder sediments at the bottom of the hole to return to the ground surface from the annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool and the drilled hole, so that the flushing of the flushing liquid on loose rock cores and soil samples entering the drill bit 7 is reduced, and the sampling rate and the drilling speed are improved.

Example 4

This application embodiment 4 is applicable to solid mineral exploration drilling work, mainly uses the rock stratum coring worker as the owner, generally adopts the core drill to cooperate the flush fluid to the gyration mode creeps into.

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the embodiment of the present application differs from embodiment 2 in that: the drill bit 7 is arranged as a side-spraying drill bit 74, the side-spraying drill bit 74 comprises a diamond matrix 741, the diamond matrix 741 and the water outlet 72 are evenly distributed at intervals, the water outlet 72 is parallel to the central axis 61 of the diamond side-spraying drill bit 74, and the water outlet 72 is located on the inner side of the diamond side-spraying drill bit 74. In the embodiment of the application, the number of the water outlet holes 72 is 6, the depth of the water outlet holes 72 is 3mm, the width of the water outlet holes is 16mm, the water outlet holes 72 can guide flushing liquid to the inner side of the drill bit 7, lubricate the drill bit 7 and carry sediments generated by rock crushing of the drill bit 7 at the bottom of the hole, and the sediments return to the ground surface from an annular gap between the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool and a drilled hole;

referring to fig. 13, the feeding seat 43 is a clamp spring seat 435, a clamp spring 436 is coaxially and slidably arranged in an inner cavity of the clamp spring seat 435, an inner wall of the clamp spring seat 435 is a conical surface, an inner cavity of the clamp spring seat 435 is a conical cavity, and a section of one end of the conical cavity, which is far away from the impact mechanism 2, is smaller than that of the other end of the conical cavity. The taper of the conical surface of the clamp spring seat 435 in the embodiment of the application is 2.5 to 3 degrees, and the clamp spring 436 can move up and down along the conical surface of the clamp spring seat 435 within a certain range; moving circlip 436 upward, circlip 436 is constrained by the conical surface of circlip seat 435 to be weakened, circlip 436 is expandable outward in the radial direction, and moving circlip 436 downward, circlip 436 is constrained by the conical surface of circlip seat 435 to be tightenable inward in the radial direction.

The implementation principle of embodiment 4 of the present application is as follows: when a harder stratum is drilled, as the core column is drilled, the side-jet drill bit 74 enters the clamp spring seat 435 and pushes the clamp spring 436 upwards, the clamp spring 436 is restrained and weakened by the conical surface of the clamp spring seat 435, the clamp spring 436 expands outwards in the radial direction until the clamp spring 436 abuts against the inner wall of the liner tube 42, the core column passes through the clamp spring 436 and enters the liner tube 42 for storage, and at the moment, the clamp spring 436 is tightly embraced with the core column.

After coring is completed, the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool is lifted upwards, the inner pipe assembly 4 moves upwards synchronously with the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool through the single-action mechanism 6, the clamp spring 436 is tightly embraced with the core column, the clamp spring 436 moves downwards relative to the clamp spring seat 435, the clamp spring 436 is radially restrained inwards by the conical surface of the clamp spring seat 435 and can be tightened, and the holding force of the clamp spring 436 to the core is increased; as the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool continues to lift up, the clamp spring seat 435 forces the inner pipe assembly 4 to downwards compress the spring 66 with the bearing seat 64, and the inner pipe assembly 4 moves downwards relative to the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool until the lower end of the clamp spring seat 435 contacts with the step in the diamond side-jet drill bit 74; at this time, the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool is lifted continuously, the tensile force of the core column acting on the clamp spring 436 and the clamp spring seat 435 is transferred to the diamond side-jet drill 74, when the lifting force of the diamond side-jet drill 74 exceeds the tensile force limit of the core column, the core column is pulled off, and the clamp spring 436 is clamped with the core column at the same time, so that the core column is prevented from falling out of the liner pipe 42. The water outlet hole 72 guides the flushing liquid to the inner side of the drill bit 7, the flushing liquid washes and lubricates the side face of the rock core entering the inner side of the drill bit 7, the rock core can conveniently enter the inner pipe 41 of the drilling tool, and when the core drilling of a harder rock stratum is carried out, the diamond side-jet drill bit 74 is matched with the clamp spring seat 435 and the clamp spring 436, so that higher sampling rate and higher drilling speed can be obtained

Meanwhile, rotation and impact pressing fit can be adopted according to different geologies, pressurized rotary drilling or reduced-pressure rotary drilling can be achieved by pressing down or lifting the impact hammer 22 in the vertical direction through the drill rod 1, and impact rotary drilling can be achieved by lifting and lowering the impact hammer 22 through the drill rod 1.

Example 5

The embodiment of the application is used for treating the stuck drilling accident in the drilling process,

referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the present application differs from embodiment 2 in that: drilling rod 1 stretches out drilling one end and provides the gyroscopic force through changeing the machine, lets in high-pressure flush fluid simultaneously, carries and draws drilling rod 1, and the mode or the hammering that adopt upper and lower hammering vibration add the pivoted mode and unfreeze simultaneous working.

The implementation principle of the embodiment 5 of the application is as follows: promote drilling rod 1 fast upwards, drilling rod 1 drives reducing joint 21 and impact hammer 22 along the 3 quick travel that make progress of slip post, the interior platform of impact hammer 22 lower extreme goes upward and strikes concave table 31 upper end, can realize ascending impact action, release drilling rod 1, drilling rod 1 and reducing joint 21 and impact hammer 22 rely on gravity to fall along slip post 3, impact hammer 22 lower extreme strikes hammer bolster 24, thereby realize downward impact action, action more than repetitive, can form upper and lower impact vibration drilling tool outer tube 51, be convenient for rock powder in drilling tool and the pore wall annular space clearance, sediment or rock fragment drop through the vibration, in order to realize the drilling tool unfreezing and propose the drilling tool.

Under the unfreezing mode, the drill rod 1 is adjusted to rotate, so that the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool synchronously rotates, fragments on the outer pipe 51 of the drilling tool are thrown off under the action of centrifugal force, and the drilling tool is convenient to unfreeze and is lifted out.

Under above-mentioned unfreezing mode, the flushing fluid is let in to hammering vibration and pivoted in-process, reduces the frictional force between drilling tool outer tube 51 and the pore wall, also can cool down the thematic drilling tool outer tube 51 of friction, and the drilling tool of being convenient for unfreezes and proposes the drilling tool.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A core drill, characterized by: comprises a kinetic energy unit (A) and a sampling unit (B) which are arranged along the same axis;

the kinetic energy unit (A) comprises a drill rod (1), an impact mechanism (2) and a sliding column (3) which are coaxially arranged; one end of the drill rod (1) is fixed at one end of the impact mechanism (2), and the other end of the drill rod extends out of the drill hole; one end of the sliding column (3) is coaxially and slidably connected with one end of the impact mechanism (2) departing from the drill rod (1), and the other end of the sliding column is fixedly arranged on the sampling unit (B); the sliding column (3) and the impact mechanism (2) rotate simultaneously along the circumferential direction and are in a relative static state;

the sampling unit (B) comprises an inner pipe assembly (4), an outer pipe assembly (5) and a drill bit (7) which are coaxially arranged, the outer pipe assembly (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner pipe assembly (4) and is rotatably connected with the inner pipe assembly (4), one end of the outer pipe assembly (5) is connected with the sliding column (3), and the other end of the outer pipe assembly (5) is connected with the drill bit (7); and one end of the inner pipe assembly (4) close to the drill bit (7) is used for entering and storing a rock soil sample.

2. A core drill according to claim 1, wherein: the impact mechanism (2) comprises a reducing joint (21), a punching hammer (22), a water pipe (23) and a hammer pad (24) which are coaxially arranged;

the drill rod (1) is connected with a punch hammer (22) through a reducing joint (21), and the sliding column (3) is connected to the inner cavity of the punch hammer (22) in a sliding mode;

one end of the water pipe (23) is communicated with the drill rod (1) through the reducing joint (21), and the other end of the water pipe extends into the inner cavity of the sliding column (3) and is in sliding connection;

the hammer pad (24) is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the impact hammer (22), of the outer pipe assembly (5), and one end, far away from the impact hammer (22), of the sliding column (3) is fixedly arranged on the outer pipe assembly (5) through the hammer pad (24).

3. A core drill according to claim 2, wherein: the sliding column (3) comprises a concave table (31) and a guide column (32) which are arranged in a T shape, one end of the concave table (31) penetrates into the inner cavity of the punch hammer (22) and is connected with the inner cavity in a sliding mode, vent holes (221) communicated with the inner cavity of the punch hammer (22) are formed in the positions, close to the two ends, of the side wall of the punch hammer (22), and the two vent holes (221) are respectively formed in the upper side and the lower side of the concave table (31); the guide post (32) is arranged to be a prism, and one end, close to the hammer pad (24), of the punch hammer (22) is provided with a prism-shaped hole matched with the prism.

4. A core drill according to claim 2, wherein: the outer pipe assembly (5) comprises a drilling tool outer pipe (51) and a reamer (52);

one end of the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool is connected with the hammer pad (24), the other end of the outer pipe of the drilling tool is coaxially connected with the reamer (52), and the outer diameter of the reamer (52) is larger than that of the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool; the drill bit (7) is arranged on one side of the reamer (52) far away from the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool;

the inner pipe assembly (4) comprises a drilling tool inner pipe (41), a lining pipe (42) and a feeding seat (43);

the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool is coaxially and rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool, and the liner pipe (42) is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool; the feeding seat (43) is arranged at one end of the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool far away from the impact mechanism (2), and the inner diameter of the feeding seat (43) is the same as that of the liner pipe (42).

5. A core drill according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the hammer pad (24) far away from the sliding column (3) is provided with a one-way ball valve seat (44), the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat (44) is communicated with the liner tube (42) and is provided with a steel ball (45), the inner cavity of the one-way ball valve seat (44) is communicated with an annular gap between the inner tube (41) of the drilling tool and the outer tube (51) of the drilling tool, and the one-way ball valve seat (44) depends on the gravity of the steel ball (45) to realize the one-way sealing function of the liner tube (42).

6. A core drill according to claim 5, wherein: the sampling unit (B) further comprises a single-action mechanism (6) for connecting the outer pipe (51) and the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool; the single-action mechanism (6) comprises a mandrel (61), an upper thrust bearing (63), a bearing seat (64), a lower thrust bearing (65), a spring (66), an adjusting nut (67) and a spring sleeve (68);

one end of the mandrel (61) is fixed with the hammer pad (24), and the other end of the mandrel extends into the inner cavity of the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool and is in threaded connection with the adjusting nut (67);

the bearing seat (64) is coaxially sleeved on the mandrel (61), the upper thrust bearing (63) and the lower thrust bearing (65) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bearing seat (64), and the bearing seat (64) is connected with the mandrel (61) through the upper thrust bearing (63) and the lower thrust bearing (65); the spring sleeve (68) is arranged on the mandrel (61), one end of the spring (66) is abutted with the lower thrust bearing (65), and the other end of the spring is abutted with the adjusting nut (67);

the spring sleeve (68) is sleeved on the mandrel (61), one end of the spring sleeve is connected with the bearing seat (64), and the other end of the spring sleeve is connected with the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool; the one-way ball valve seat (44) is arranged at the lower end of the spring sleeve (68).

7. A core drill according to claim 6, wherein: the washing liquid circulating system is also included;

the drill rod (1), the reducing joint (21), the water pipe (23), the sliding column (3), the hammer pad (24) and the mandrel (61) are all provided with flushing liquid channels (8) which are communicated in sequence along the mandrel (61);

a first water through hole (611) and a second water through hole (612) are formed in the peripheral side of the mandrel (61), one end of the first water through hole (611) is communicated with the inner cavity of the mandrel (61), and the other end of the first water through hole is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe (41) and the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool;

one end of the second through hole (612) is communicated with the liner pipe (42), and the other end of the second through hole is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe (41) and the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool;

the drilling tool is characterized in that the drill bit (7) is provided with a water outlet hole (72), one end of the water outlet hole (72) is communicated with an annular gap between the inner pipe (41) of the drilling tool and the outer pipe (51) of the drilling tool, and the other end of the water outlet hole is communicated with an annular gap between the drill hole and the drilling tool.

8. A core drill according to claim 7, wherein: the drill bit (7) is arranged as a cutting ring drill bit (71), and the water outlet hole (72) is arranged on the side surface of the cutting ring drill bit (71); the feeding seat (43) is provided with an inner pipe shoe (431), a piston (432) is connected in the inner pipe shoe (431) in a sliding mode along the axial direction, and the piston (432) can abut against the inner pipe shoe (431) and the inner wall of the liner (42) and can slide.

9. A core drill according to claim 7, wherein: the drill bit (7) is a bottom-spraying drill bit (73), and the water outlet hole (72) is parallel to the central shaft (61) of the drilling tool; the feeding seat (43) is arranged to be a block spring seat (433), a plurality of core baffles (434) distributed along the circumferential direction of the block spring seat (433) are hinged to the inner wall of the block spring seat (433), hinge shafts of the core baffles (434) are axially vertical to the liner tube (42), the hinge shafts are arranged to be fan-shaped arc plates capable of being spliced, and the core baffles (434) can rotate to one side close to the impact mechanism (2) from a splicing state.

10. A core drill according to claim 7, wherein: the drill bit (7) is arranged to be a side-spraying drill bit (74), and the water outlet hole (72) is arranged on the inner side of the side-spraying drill bit (74) and is parallel to the central shaft (61) of the drilling tool; the feeding seat (43) is arranged as a clamp spring seat (435), a clamp spring (436) is coaxially arranged in the inner cavity of the clamp spring seat (435) in a sliding mode, a conical cavity is arranged in the inner cavity of the clamp spring seat (435), and the section of one end, far away from the impact mechanism (2), of the conical cavity is smaller than that of the other end of the conical cavity.

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