CN217602661U - Gabion tunnel door wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a gabion tunnel door wall, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The gabion tunnel opening door wall comprises a door wall foundation; the open cut tunnel is arranged on the door wall foundation; multilayer check guest net cage set up in on the door wall basis, multilayer check guest net cage forms check guest wall along the range upon range of piling up of vertical direction, check guest wall set up in the width direction's of open cut tunnel both sides. The application provides a gabion tunnel portal wall adopts the gabion net case to build into the wall body, and stability is good, has good permeability, and the drainage is unobstructed, and structural suitability is strong, can be according to height, slope rate and the form of the actual topography dynamic adjustment gabion wall of tunnel entrance to a cave.

Description

Gabion tunnel door wall

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a gabion tunnel door wall.

Background

The tunnel portal wall is a supporting structure for connecting a tunnel body with a cut outside a tunnel portal, is positioned at exposed parts at two ends of the tunnel, ensures the safety and stability of the tunnel portal and simultaneously decorates the tunnel portal.

The wall body of present tunnel portal wall is repaiied and is built structure as an organic whole and do not have drainage system, and the drainage is poor, and the portal wall structure as an organic whole slope can't be adjusted, can't adapt to changeable topography.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The application aims to provide a gabion tunnel portal wall. This check guest tunnel hole door wall has good drainage performance, and structural stability is strong.

A gabion tunnel portal door wall comprising: a door wall foundation; the open cut tunnel is arranged on the door wall foundation; multilayer check guest box set up in on the door wall basis, multilayer check guest box is piled up along vertical direction range upon range of formation check guest wall, check guest wall set up in the width direction's of open cut tunnel both sides.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, because the inside stone material that fills of check guest net case, having the gap between the stone material and being favorable to the drainage for check guest wall that check guest net case was built has good permeability, and the drainage is unobstructed, does not have ponding problem. Meanwhile, the gabion wall is formed by stacking and building gabion net boxes, the structural adaptability is strong, and the height, the slope rate and the form of the gabion wall can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual shape of the tunnel portal.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further comprises a bundling grid, the back side of the gabion wall is filled with backfill soil, the bundling grid is laid in the backfill soil, and the bundling grid is connected to the back side of the gabion wall.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, grid self water permeability tied in a bundle is good, still has the drainage function when improving check guest tunnel portal wall stability, avoids the top ponding of check guest tunnel portal wall.

In some embodiments, the number of the bundling grids is multiple, and the bundling grids are arranged in the backfill soil at intervals along the vertical direction.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the grid tied in a bundle in the multilayer provides the side direction pulling force for the guest of check wall, further improves the stability of guest tunnel portal wall.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel portal wall further comprises: the gravel layer is arranged between the two layers of the grid-guest net boxes adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the rubble layer has the clearance, has the permeability, has further promoted the drainage of gabion tunnel hole door wall.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel portal door wall further comprises a water drain pipe, the water drain pipe comprises a pipe body and a plurality of through holes arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body, the through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial extension direction of the pipe body, one end of the water drain pipe is arranged on the gravel layer, and the other end of the pipe body extends out of the gabion mesh box so as to discharge water in the backfill soil.

In the technical scheme, the through hole is formed in the peripheral surface of the water drain pipe, the water drain pipe is installed in the gravel layer, water permeating into the gravel layer permeates into the water drain pipe through the through hole in the peripheral surface of the water drain pipe, and the water drain pipe conducts flow, so that accumulated water can be discharged.

In some embodiments, each layer of the check-up net boxes comprise two rows of the check-up net boxes, and the two rows of the check-up net boxes are sequentially arranged along the depth direction of the open cut tunnel.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, tie up fixedly between the two-layer check guest wall, further promoted the stability of check guest tunnel portal wall.

In some embodiments, along the depth direction of the open cut tunnel, multiple layers of check-up net boxes are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the check-up walls form multiple layers of steps.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, multilayer check guest net cage step is arranged, strong adaptability, and multilayer check guest net cage can be according to the required slope of specific stratigraphic layer stack building construction.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further comprises a net hanging spray seeding greening layer, and the net hanging spray seeding greening layer is laid on the outer side of the gabion wall.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the afforestation layer is spouted to the hanging net, makes the outside of check guest tunnel hole door wall realize the afforestation, has the view effect, has realized tunnel engineering and ecological environment's organic combination.

In some embodiments, the wire-mesh spray-seeding greening layer is provided in two layers.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the net hanging spray-seeding greening layer sets up two-layerly, has further promoted the view effect of check guest tunnel entrance door wall.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel portal wall further comprises wall drains extending from the top of the gabion tunnel portal wall to the bottom of the gabion tunnel portal wall.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the wall body escape canal is used for carrying out the water conservancy diversion to the ponding at check guest tunnel entrance door wall top.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first angle of a gabion tunnel door wall according to some embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a partial view of a gabion tunnel door wall provided in some embodiments;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second angle of the door wall of the gabion tunnel according to some embodiments.

Icon: 10-door wall foundation; 20-open cut tunnel; 30-gabion walls; 301-check box; 3011-the outside of the gabion wall; 3012-back side of gabion wall; 40-a bundling grid; 41-backfilling; 42-a crushed stone layer; 43-a water drain pipe; 44-hanging a net and spraying a greening layer; 45-wall drainage ditch; 46-a hole body; 100-mountain body; 47-roadbed drainage system; 48-cap stone; x-width direction; y-depth direction; z-vertical direction.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the application usually place when in use, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The tunnel referred to in tunnel engineering comprises a tunnel body and a tunnel portal. The light and shade juncture at hole body both ends is the entrance to a cave, and the gabion tunnel portal wall that this application provided sets up in the supporting construction at the entrance to a cave.

The check-guest net cage is also called a gabion net cage, a check-guest net made of metal wires in a woven mode is adopted, then stones are filled in the check-guest net to form the check-guest net cage, and the check-guest net cage can form a check-guest wall through binding, combining, stacking and building. The check net can be made of twisted hexagonal wire netting, the wire netting is woven by high-strength metal plating steel wires, stone materials meeting the particle size requirement and the strength requirement are filled in the check net box, and the wall can be formed by binding and combining. The stone filled in the check net box can bear large-range deformation without collapse, and the stability is good.

The bundling grid mentioned in the embodiment is a grid grey cloth formed by thermoplastic molding or die pressing of high polymer such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the like, has the drainage effect, high tensile strength, small extension force, high tearing strength and strong interlocking force with soil or broken stones, has obvious effects of strengthening the shearing resistance of a soil body and reinforcing the integrity and the load capacity of the soil body, and is commonly used in slope engineering.

For convenience of description, the following description will be given by taking the example of excavating a tunnel in a mountain and constructing a grid tunnel portal wall at a tunnel portal:

referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a gabion tunnel door wall, which includes a door wall foundation 10, an open cut tunnel 20 and a multi-layer gabion mesh box 301. The open cut tunnel 20 is arranged on the door wall foundation 10; the plurality of layers of check net boxes 301 are arranged on the door wall foundation 10, the plurality of layers of check net boxes 301 are stacked along the vertical direction Z to form the check wall 30, and the check wall 30 is arranged on two sides of the open cut tunnel 20 in the width direction X.

The door wall foundation 10 is buried on a stable foundation, the burying depth of the door wall foundation 10 is determined according to the terrain and geological conditions of the door wall of the gabion tunnel, and the stability degree is higher when the door wall foundation is buried deeper, so that the stability of the door wall of the gabion tunnel can be kept.

The open cut tunnel 20 is a structure constructed in the open air at the light and dark junctions at both ends of the tunnel body 46, the roof and the arch back of the tunnel can be covered with backfill 41, and the open cut tunnel 20 is connected to the tunnel body 46 and belongs to a part of the lengthened tunnel body 46.

The gabion walls 30 are disposed on both sides of the open cut tunnel 20 in the width direction X, and the width direction X of the open cut tunnel 20 is the same as the width direction of the tunnel body 46.

Since the check boxes 301 are stacked and laid, the slope of the laying can be adjusted according to different terrains, and thus, the multi-layered check boxes 301 are stacked and laid in the vertical direction Z to form the check wall 30. Wherein, multilayer check guest cage 301 builds along the range upon range of stack of vertical direction Z, and check guest wall 30 can be parallel with vertical direction, and perhaps, check guest wall 30 also can be certain contained angle with vertical direction, and perhaps, the wall of check guest wall 30 can also be the echelonment again.

Because the check guest net cage 301 is filled with stones, gaps are formed among the stones, drainage is facilitated, and the check guest wall 30 formed by stacking and building the check guest net cages 301 has good permeability, smooth drainage and no water accumulation problem. Meanwhile, the gabion wall 30 is formed by stacking and building the gabion net boxes 301, has strong structural adaptability, and can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual shape of the tunnel portal to form the gabion walls 30 with different heights, slope rates and shapes.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel opening door wall further comprises a bundling grid 40, the back side 3012 of the gabion wall is filled with backfill 41, the bundling grid 40 is laid in the backfill 41, and the bundling grid 40 is connected to the back side 3012 of the gabion wall.

The back side 3012 of the gabion wall is the side of the gabion wall 30 facing the mountain 100. The back side 3012 of the gabion wall is filled with backfill 41, understandably, the backfill 41 is filled between the gabion wall 30 and the mountain 100, and the backfill 41 balances the transverse acting force of the door wall of the gabion tunnel.

And a cluster grid 40 is laid in the backfill soil 41, one end of the cluster grid 40 is connected to the gabion wall 30, and lateral tension is provided for the gabion wall 30, so that the stability of the door wall of the gabion tunnel is improved.

Because the bundling grid 40 has high tensile strength, large tearing strength and strong interlocking force with soil, compared with the existing tunnel portal wall, the bundling grid 40 is laid to provide lateral tension for the gabion tunnel portal wall and improve the stability of the gabion tunnel portal wall. The existence of the lateral tension enables the bearing capacity requirement of the gabion tunnel door wall on the foundation to be lower, and the required bearing capacity of the foundation is small.

The cluster grid 40 has good water permeability, has a drainage function when improving the stability of the gabion tunnel portal wall, and avoids water accumulated at the top of the gabion tunnel portal wall.

In some embodiments, the number of the bundling grids 40 is plural, and a plurality of the bundling grids 40 are arranged in the backfill soil 41 at intervals in the vertical direction Z.

Understandably, compacting and filling a layer of backfill soil 41, laying a layer of bundling grid 40 again, and repeating the steps, so that the bundling grids 40 are laid in the backfill soil 41 at intervals.

The multilayer cluster grid provides lateral tension for the gabion wall 30, and the stability of the gabion tunnel door wall is further improved.

With continued reference to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further comprises a crushed stone layer 42, and the crushed stone layer 42 is disposed between two adjacent gabion mesh boxes 301 in the vertical direction Z.

The gravel layer 42 has gaps and permeability, and further improves the drainage of the door wall of the gabion tunnel.

The gravel layer 42 may be provided between the bottommost layer and the gabion mesh box 301 adjacent to the bottommost layer to drain accumulated water penetrating into the backfill soil 41 as much as possible.

Furthermore, non-woven fabrics are laid above the gravel layer 42, and the non-woven fabrics can prevent the backfill soil 41 from mixing into gaps of the gravel layer 42 to influence the permeability of the gravel layer 42.

The nonwoven fabric may be a polyester filament nonwoven fabric or the like.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further includes a water drainage pipe 43, the water drainage pipe 43 includes a pipe body and a plurality of through holes disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the pipe body, the through holes are disposed at intervals along an axial extension direction of the pipe body, one end of the water drainage pipe 43 is disposed on the gravel layer 42, and the other end of the pipe body extends out of the gabion mesh box 301 to drain water in the backfill soil 41.

The other end of the drain pipe 43 extends out of the check box 301 and may extend into the roadbed drainage system 47.

The non-woven fabrics is wrapped up on the outer peripheral surface of the water drain pipe, and the non-woven fabrics plays a role in filtering and protecting and prevents the through holes on the outer peripheral surface of the water drain pipe from being blocked.

Since the outer peripheral surface of the drain pipe 43 is provided with the through hole, the drain pipe 43 is installed in the crushed stone layer 42, the water permeating into the crushed stone layer 42 permeates into the drain pipe 43 through the through hole on the outer peripheral surface of the drain pipe 43, and the drain pipe 43 guides the flow, so that the accumulated water can be discharged.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, each layer of gabion mesh cage 301 includes two rows of gabion mesh cages 301, and the two rows of gabion mesh cages 301 are arranged in sequence along the depth direction Y of the open cut tunnel 20.

The two rows of check net boxes 301 are arranged in order along the depth direction Y of the open cut tunnel 20, and understandably, the depth direction Y of the open cut tunnel 20 is the depth direction of the tunnel body 46.

The two layers of gabion walls 30 are fixedly tied up, and the stability of the gabion tunnel door wall is further improved.

In some embodiments, the multi-layer gabion mesh boxes 301 are arranged in a staggered manner along the depth direction Y of the open cut tunnel 20, so that the gabion walls 30 form multi-layer steps.

Multilayer check guest net cage 301 step is arranged, and strong adaptability, multilayer check guest net cage 301 can be according to the required slope of specific stratigraphic layer stack building construction.

Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further includes a mesh-suspended spray-seeding greening layer 44, and the mesh-suspended spray-seeding greening layer 44 is laid on the outer side 3011 of the gabion wall.

The outer side 3011 of the gabion wall is the side of the gabion wall 30 facing away from the tunnel body 46.

The net hanging spray-seeding greening layer 44 is a greening layer formed by hanging a vegetation net and then spray-seeding, and as the stones in the check-guest net box 301 have gaps, the sprayed vegetation can grow into the gaps of the stones to be integrated with the check-guest walls 30 to form a landscape.

The net hanging spray seeding greening layer 44 is arranged, so that greening is realized on the outer side of the door wall of the gabion tunnel, a landscape effect is achieved, and organic combination of tunnel engineering and ecological environment is realized.

In some embodiments, the screen-spray greening layer 44 is provided in two layers.

The two mesh-hung spray-seeding greening layers 44 may be arranged along the depth direction Y of the open cut hole 20.

And the landscape effect of the door wall of the gabion tunnel is further improved.

Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further comprises wall drains 45, wherein the wall drains 45 extend from the top of the gabion tunnel door wall to the bottom of the gabion tunnel door wall.

Understandably, the wall drainage ditches 45 are arranged in a downward inclined manner, one ends of the wall drainage ditches 45 are positioned at the top of the gabion tunnel portal wall, and the other ends of the wall drainage ditches can extend to the roadbed drainage system 47 near the bottom of the gabion tunnel portal wall.

The wall drainage ditches 45 may be arranged in a downward inclined manner, such that the wall drainage ditches 45 extend from the top of the gabion tunnel portal wall to the edge of the gabion wall 30 along the width direction X of the open cut tunnel, further extend from the outer side 3011 of the gabion wall, incline downward, and extend to the roadbed drainage system 47.

The wall drainage ditch 45 is used for guiding the accumulated water at the top of the door wall of the gabion tunnel.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door wall further includes a cap stone 48, the cap stone 48 is disposed at the upper portion of the open cut tunnel 20, and the cap stone 48 is integrally formed with the gabion wall 30 to protect the stability of the gabion wall 30.

In some embodiments, the gabion tunnel door walls on both sides of the open cut tunnel 20 may be biased on one side and unbiased on the other, with the biasing structure providing lateral support against lateral pressure.

The bias voltage is formed by asymmetric loads on two sides of the tunnel structure due to asymmetry of the mountain 100 or terrain factors, a hole is positioned on an unstable hillside with poor terrain conditions, and when the thicknesses of soil layers on two sides of the top of the tunnel are seriously inconsistent, the bias voltage is a bias voltage phenomenon.

Illustratively, in FIG. 3, the gabion tunnel portal wall is biased on the left and unbiased on the right, the biasing structure being L-shaped, the biasing structure providing lateral support against lateral pressure.

The construction method of the gabion tunnel door wall is as follows:

the method comprises the steps of pouring C20 concrete to form the door wall foundation 10 with the width of 3m and the height of 1m, and rechecking the bearing capacity of the foundation to meet the condition that the bearing capacity is more than or equal to 200Kp.

After the concrete foundation is poured and finished and the design strength is achieved, the check guest net is placed on the foundation, and stone can be filled in the check guest net which can be made of local materials in the check guest net to form the check guest net box 301. Pebbles, flakes or rock blocks and the like can be adopted for filling, the stone material is hard in texture, the strength grade is MU30, and the stone material filling void ratio is not more than 30%.

The gap between the gabion mesh box 301 and the open cut tunnel 20 is filled with concrete.

In the process of filling stone, a crushed stone layer 42 with the thickness of 0.2m is laid, and a PVC drain pipe 43 which is wrapped with holes is embedded in the crushed stone layer 42, and the opening is sealed after the filling.

And when the backfill soil 41 with the height of 1m is filled, a layer of high-toughness polyester yarn bundling grid 40 is paved.

The check guest net boxes 301 are built along the two sides of the tunnel portal to form the check guest wall 30, one layer of the check guest net boxes 301 is built every time, one layer of backfill soil 41 is compacted, and the compaction degree is larger than or equal to 90%.

After the gabion walls 30 are built, C20 concrete is adopted for building the wall drainage ditches 45 at the tops of the gabion tunnel portal walls, the net width of the wall drainage ditches 45 is 0.55m, the net height of the wall drainage ditches is 0.35m, the wall thickness of the wall drainage ditches is 0.25m, and the wall drainage ditches 45 are connected to a roadbed drainage system 47.

The hanging net spray seeding greening and the gabion wall 30 are bound and fixed by steel wires. And (3) carrying out net hanging spray seeding greening, wherein the spray seeding adopts powerful cluster spray seeding, the first layer of galvanized iron wire mesh is firstly sprayed and seeded with the gabion wall 30 after being bound, the second layer of galvanized iron wire mesh is bound with the gabion wall 30 after the first spray seeding is finished, and then the second spray seeding is carried out, wherein the greening needs watering maintenance in construction, and the maintenance is not needed during highway operation.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A gabion tunnel portal wall, comprising:

a door wall foundation;

the open cut tunnel is arranged on the door wall foundation;

multilayer check guest net cage set up in on the door wall basis, multilayer check guest net cage forms check guest wall along the range upon range of piling up of vertical direction, check guest wall set up in the width direction's of open cut tunnel both sides.

2. The gabion tunnel portal wall according to claim 1, further comprising:

the back filling soil is filled to the dorsal part of check guest wall, the grid of gathering a bundle is laid in the back filling soil, the grid of gathering a bundle connect in the dorsal part of check guest wall.

3. The gabion tunnel portal wall according to claim 2, wherein the number of the bundling grids is plural, and the plural bundling grids are arranged in the backfill soil at intervals in a vertical direction.

4. The gabion tunnel portal wall according to claim 2, further comprising:

the gravel layer is arranged between the two layers of the grid-guest net boxes adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

5. The gabion tunnel portal door wall according to claim 4, further comprising a water drain pipe, wherein the water drain pipe comprises a pipe body and a plurality of through holes arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe body, the through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial extension direction of the pipe body, one end of the water drain pipe is arranged on the gravel layer, and the other end of the pipe body extends out of the gabion mesh box so as to drain water in the backfill soil.

6. The gabion tunnel door wall according to claim 1, wherein each layer of the gabion mesh boxes comprises two rows of the gabion mesh boxes, and the two rows of the gabion mesh boxes are sequentially arranged in the depth direction of the open cut tunnel.

7. The gabion tunnel door wall according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of layers of the gabion net boxes are arranged in a staggered manner along the depth direction of the open cut tunnel, so that the gabion wall forms a plurality of layers of steps.

8. The gabion tunnel portal door wall according to claim 1, further comprising a net hanging spray seeding greening layer laid on the outer side of the gabion wall.

9. The gabion tunnel door wall according to claim 8, wherein the net hanging spray seeding greening layer is provided with two layers.

10. The gabion tunnel door wall according to claim 1, wherein the gabion tunnel door wall further comprises wall drainage gutters extending from the top of the gabion tunnel door wall to the bottom of the gabion tunnel door wall.

Images