CN217584603U

CN217584603U - Heating system for plateau area

Info

Publication number: CN217584603U
Application number: CN202221220210.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕昊
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-05-20
Filing date: 2022-05-20
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heating system for plateau area, include: an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen gas; a fuel cell coupled to the electrolyzer via a conduit and receiving the hydrogen gas to provide electrical energy to a user; the waste heat utilization device is coupled with the fuel cell and configured to collect waste heat generated by power generation of the fuel cell and provide heat energy to the user side; a voltage detection unit coupled to an output terminal of the fuel cell and configured to generate a feedback signal according to the output terminal voltage; the electrolysis device also comprises a switch, wherein the switch is controlled by the feedback signal and controls the electrolysis device to stop working according to the feedback signal in an effective state, the heat supply system adopts an electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion mode, the heat supply system utilizes the power generation waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell to supply heat for the user side, oxygen generated during hydrogen production by water electrolysis can supply oxygen for the user side, and the electric power generated by the fuel cell can also be supplied to the user side.

Description

Heating system for plateau area

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an energy supply technical field, in particular to a heating system for plateau area.

Background

China is vast, 960 ten thousand square kilometers of land comprises various landforms such as plateaus, plains, hills, basins and the like, wherein the total area of four highlands including Qinghai-Tibet, loess, yunpui and inner Mongolia is about 398 ten thousand square kilometers, and almost accounts for 40% of the land area of China.

Meanwhile, most border lines in the western part of China are located above the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the border lines from the Karaoke mountain to the Ali plateau in the northwest part of the Kunlun mountain Qinghai-Tibet plateau have an average altitude of more than 7000 kilometers of more than 4000 meters, and are anoxic at low temperature and rare to people, but for defending the territory of China, the army still stays at the border. In severe cold climates in plateaus, the problem of heating living areas or rest areas such as barracks and high-performance tents needs to be solved firstly, the lower oxygen content in the plateau area causes the traditional mode of heating by burning fossil fuel, so that the combustion efficiency is low, toxic and harmful gases such as nitric oxide and carbon monoxide are easily generated due to insufficient combustion of the fossil fuel because of insufficient oxygen, the fossil fuel is wasted, the health of personnel is harmed, and the fragile ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is easily damaged.

Therefore, an improved heating system for plateau areas is desired, which can solve the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating system for plateau areas, which uses electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion to supply heat to the user end by using the power generation waste heat of a hydrogen fuel cell, and can supply oxygen to the user end by using the oxygen generated during the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water.

According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a heating system for an elevated area, comprising: an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen gas; a fuel cell coupled to the electrolyzer via a conduit and receiving the hydrogen gas to provide electrical energy to a user terminal; the waste heat utilization device is coupled with the fuel cell and configured to collect waste heat generated by power generation of the fuel cell and provide heat energy to the user side; a voltage detection unit coupled to an output terminal of the fuel cell and configured to generate a feedback signal according to the output terminal voltage; the electrolysis device also comprises a switch, wherein the switch is controlled by the feedback signal and controls the electrolysis device to stop working according to the feedback signal in the effective state.

Optionally, when the voltage at the output end of the fuel cell is less than a preset voltage, the voltage detection unit generates the feedback signal in an active state.

Optionally, the waste heat utilization device further comprises a heat storage unit configured to store the waste heat generated by the power generation of the fuel cell in a centralized manner.

Optionally, the electrolysis device is selected from any one of an alkaline water electrolysis device, a proton exchange membrane electrolysis device, or an anion exchange membrane electrolysis device.

Optionally, the fuel cell is selected from any one of an ion membrane hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a bacon-type fuel cell, or an asbestos membrane fuel cell.

Optionally, the heating system further comprises: the Stirling engine is coupled with the waste heat utilization device, receives the heat energy of the waste heat utilization device and converts the heat energy into electric energy.

Optionally, the electrolysis apparatus further comprises a hydrogen gas outlet, the fuel cell being directly coupled to the hydrogen gas outlet by a conduit.

Optionally, the electrolysis device also generates oxygen and supplies the oxygen to the user side.

Optionally, the electrolysis device is coupled to a power supply system, the power supply system providing electrical energy to the electrolysis device, the power supply system comprising a power control center; the fuel cell and the stirling machine are also coupled to the power control center and provide the electrical energy generated by them to the power supply system.

The application provides a heating system for plateau district, adopts the electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion process, and the power electrolysis water that provides with power supply system produces hydrogen, and fuel cell burns hydrogen electricity generation and supplies power for user side and system to utilize the waste heat that produces when generating power to supply heat for the user side, provide the oxygen that the electrolysis water produced to the user side simultaneously, when solving plateau district heat supply difficult problem, still solved the problem of plateau district oxygen suppliment.

Optionally, the energy provided by the fuel cell burning hydrogen is mainly converted into electric energy and heat energy, the electric energy is provided to the user side and the power supply system, the waste heat provides domestic hot water and heating hot water for the user side, the energy provided by the fuel cell is effectively utilized, and only a small part of energy lost by the system cannot be effectively utilized, so that the heat supply system provided by the application can greatly improve the utilization rate of the fuel and fully utilize the energy to the maximum extent.

Optionally, hydrogen generated by the electrolysis device is directly conveyed to the fuel cell through a pipeline, and the storage and transportation links of the hydrogen are not included, so that the safety of a heat supply system is ensured. When the hydrogen consumption speed of the fuel cell is lower than a preset threshold value, the voltage detection unit generates a feedback signal to control the electrolysis device to stop working, so that a large amount of hydrogen is prevented from being accumulated in a pipeline, and the safety of a heat supply system is further improved.

Optionally, the heating system has few mechanical moving parts, better system stability and lower running noise, does not produce toxic and harmful pollutants, and is more friendly to the ecological environment of the plateau area.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 shows a heating system for an elevated area according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the electrolysis apparatus of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the various figures, the same elements or modules are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. For purposes of clarity, the various features in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

It should be understood that in the following description, "circuitry" may comprise singly or in combination hardware circuitry, programmable circuitry, state machine circuitry, and/or elements capable of storing instructions executed by programmable circuitry. When an element or circuit is referred to as being "connected to" another element or circuit is referred to as being "connected between" two nodes, it may be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present, and the connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, it is intended that there are no intervening elements present.

Also, certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This patent specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function.

Moreover, it is further noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Fig. 1 shows a heating system 200 for a plateau area according to an embodiment of the present application. The heating system 200 includes an electrolysis device 201, a fuel cell 202, a switch, a waste heat utilization device 203, and a stirling machine 204.

The electrolysis device 201 is coupled to the power supply system 100, the power supply system 100 for example comprising a power control centre 101, the power control centre 101 distributing electrical energy generated by municipal, photovoltaic and wind power supply to the electrolysis device 201.

The electrolysis device 201 is, for example, selected from any one of an alkaline water electrolysis device, a proton exchange membrane electrolysis device, or an anion exchange membrane electrolysis device, and is configured to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen is transported to the fuel cell 202 through a pipeline, and the oxygen is directly transported to an oxygen-rich barrack or a high-performance tent for the user end 300 to use. In the embodiment of the present application, the power supply system 100 includes a photovoltaic power supply mode, a wind power supply mode, and other power supply modes having a certain volatility, and therefore a proton exchange membrane electrolysis apparatus with good dynamic response is adopted.

The fuel cell 202 is coupled to the electrolysis device 201 through a pipe, receives the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis device 201, and provides electric energy by using the electrochemical reaction generated by the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air, and a part of the energy is converted into heat energy in the reaction process. The part converted into the electric energy is provided to the user terminal 300 and the power control center 101, so that the power can be supplied to the user terminal 300, the stability of the power supplied by the power control center 101 is enhanced, and the power fluctuation caused by the self-characteristics of wind power supply and photovoltaic power supply is improved. The waste heat generated in the reaction process is provided to the waste heat utilization device 203.

Optionally, the power output end of the fuel cell 202 is further coupled to a voltage detection unit, and when the voltage at the output end is lower than a preset voltage, the voltage detection unit generates a feedback signal to control the electrolysis device 201 to stop working. When the rate of hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell 202 is slow, the electrolysis device 201 is turned off, so that excessive hydrogen is prevented from being accumulated in a pipeline coupling the electrolysis device 201 and the fuel cell 202, and the safety of a heat supply system is improved.

In the present embodiment, the fuel cell 202 is selected from any one of an ion membrane hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a bacon-type fuel cell, or an asbestos membrane fuel cell, for example.

The waste heat utilization device 203 further includes, for example, a heat storage unit that recovers and stores the waste heat generated by the power generation of the fuel cell 202 in a concentrated manner, and supplies hot water for heating and/or hot water for domestic use to the user terminal 300, thereby solving the problem of heating in the plateau area.

For example, 45% of energy is converted into electric energy when the fuel cell 202 operates, 45% of waste heat and 10% of system loss exist, the electric energy is provided to the user terminal 300 and the power control center 101, and the waste heat is collected and stored by the waste heat utilization device 203, so that heat is supplied to the user terminal 300, and the fuel utilization rate is greatly improved.

The stirling engine 204 is coupled to the waste heat utilization device 203 and the power control center 101, and if the waste heat utilization device 203 stores more heat energy on the premise of meeting the heat supply requirement of the user terminal 300, the more waste heat energy is provided to the stirling engine 204, so that the heat energy is converted into electric energy to be provided to the power control center 101.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the electrolysis apparatus 201 of FIG. 1. The electrolysis device 201 comprises an electrolytic cell 510, an exchange membrane 520 positioned in the electrolytic cell 510, a first electrode 530, a second electrode 540, a power source V1, and a switch S1.

The electrolytic cell 510 includes a water inlet 511 for supplying water into the electrolytic cell 510, a first gas outlet 512 for discharging the generated hydrogen gas, and a second gas outlet 513 for discharging the generated oxygen gas. An exchange membrane 520, for example, any one selected from a perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane, or an asbestos diaphragm, is disposed inside the electrolytic cell 510 and partitions the inside 510 of the electrolytic cell 510.

The first electrode 530 is coupled to the negative terminal of the power source V1, the second electrode 540 is coupled to the second terminal of the switch S1, and the positive terminal of the power source V1 is coupled to the first terminal of the switch S1. The first electrode 530 and the second electrode 540 are selected from nickel-molybdenum alloy or other carbon-based noble metal, for example, and can perform catalytic action while being conductive as electrodes to accelerate the reaction rate.

The switch S1 is controlled by a feedback signal generated by the voltage detection unit 205, and when the feedback signal is in an invalid state, the switch S1 is closed, and the electrolysis device 201 is in a working state. When the water in the electrolytic cell 510 is in an alkaline condition, the hydroxide ions near the first electrode 530 are de-ionized to produce water and oxygen, which is discharged through the first exhaust 512; the water near the second electrode 540 is supplied to electrons to generate hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions, and the hydrogen gas is discharged through the second gas outlet 513. When the water in the electrolytic cell 510 is in an acidic condition, electrons are lost from the water near the first electrode 530 to generate oxygen and protons, the oxygen is discharged through the first gas outlet 512, the protons are obtained from the water near the second electrode to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen is discharged through the second gas outlet 513.

If the feedback signal is in the active state, which indicates that the hydrogen consumption rate of the fuel cell 202 is slow at this time, the switch S1 is turned off, the electrolysis device 201 stops working, and hydrogen and oxygen are no longer generated through electrolysis, and hydrogen in the pipe for coupling the electrolysis device 201 and the fuel cell 202 is consumed by the fuel cell 202, so that a large amount of hydrogen is prevented from being accumulated at this place, thereby improving the safety of the heat supply system 200.

To sum up, the heating system for plateau areas adopts the electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion process, electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen by using the electricity provided by the power supply system, the fuel cell burns the hydrogen to generate electricity to supply power for the user side and the system, supplies heat for the user side by using the waste heat generated during power generation, and simultaneously supplies oxygen generated by electrolyzing the water to the user side, thereby solving the problem of supplying oxygen in the plateau areas while solving the problem of supplying heat in the plateau areas.

Optionally, the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis device is directly conveyed to the fuel cell through a pipeline, and the storage and transportation links of the hydrogen are not included, so that the safety of a heat supply system is ensured. When the hydrogen consumption speed of the fuel cell is lower than a preset threshold value, the voltage detection unit generates a feedback signal to control the electrolysis device to stop working, so that a large amount of hydrogen is prevented from being accumulated in a pipeline, and the safety of a heat supply system is further improved.

It should be noted that the words "during", "when" and "when 8230; \8230"; when used herein in relation to the operation of a circuit are not strict terms indicating an action that occurs immediately upon the start of a startup action, but rather there may be some small but reasonable delay or delays, such as various transmission delays, between it and the reaction action (action) initiated by the startup action. The words "about" or "substantially" are used herein to mean that the element value (element) has a parameter that is expected to be close to the stated value or position. However, as is well known in the art, there is always a slight deviation that makes it difficult for the value or position to be exactly the stated value. It has been well established in the art that a deviation of at least ten percent (10%) for a semiconductor doping concentration of at least twenty percent (20%) is a reasonable deviation from the exact ideal target described. When used in conjunction with a signal state, the actual voltage value or logic state (e.g., "1" or "0") of the signal depends on whether positive or negative logic is used.

In accordance with the present invention, as set forth above, these embodiments do not set forth all of the details nor limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and its various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heating system for a plateau area, comprising:

an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen gas;

a fuel cell coupled to the electrolyzer via a conduit and receiving the hydrogen gas to provide electrical energy to a user terminal;

the waste heat utilization device is coupled with the fuel cell and configured to collect waste heat generated by power generation of the fuel cell and provide heat energy to the user side;

a voltage detection unit coupled to an output terminal of the fuel cell and configured to generate a feedback signal according to the output terminal voltage; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

the electrolysis device also comprises a switch, wherein the switch is controlled by the feedback signal and controls the electrolysis device to stop working according to the feedback signal in the effective state.

2. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the voltage detection unit generates the feedback signal of the active state when the voltage at the output terminal of the fuel cell is less than a preset voltage.

3. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat utilization device further includes a heat storage unit configured to store the waste heat generated by the fuel cell for power generation in a concentrated manner.

4. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis device is selected from any one of an alkaline water electrolysis device, a proton exchange membrane electrolysis device or an anion exchange membrane electrolysis device.

5. The heating system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is selected from any one of an ion membrane hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a bacon-type fuel cell, or an asbestos membrane fuel cell.

6. A heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating system further comprises:

the Stirling engine is coupled with the waste heat utilization device, receives the heat energy of the waste heat utilization device and converts the heat energy into electric energy.

7. Heating system according to claim 1,

the electrolyzer also includes a hydrogen gas exhaust port, and the fuel cell is directly coupled to the hydrogen gas exhaust port by a conduit.

8. A heating system according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis device also generates oxygen and supplies said oxygen to the user side.

9. Heating system according to claim 6,

the electrolysis device is coupled to a power supply system, the power supply system provides electrical energy for the electrolysis device, and the power supply system comprises a power control center;

the fuel cell and the stirling machine are also coupled to the power control center and provide the electrical energy generated by the power control center to the power supply system.