CN217482505U

CN217482505U - Device and system for storing high-pressure hydrogen

Info

Publication number: CN217482505U
Application number: CN202220691711.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪正鹏; 赵东林; 商红岩; 孟闻捷
Original assignee: Beijing Dongfang Hongsheng New Energy Application Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Dongfang Hongsheng New Energy Application Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-22
Filing date: 2022-03-28
Publication date: 2022-09-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device and system for storing high-pressure hydrogen, the device includes the hydrogen storage unit that is arranged the combination by a plurality of capillary arrays of storing hydrogen and forms and sets up two adapters at hydrogen storage unit both ends respectively, the both ends opening of every capillary to switch on with two adapters respectively, one of them adapter is used for outside compressed hydrogen to deposit in, and another adapter is used for inside compressed hydrogen to flow out. The hydrogen storage system is composed of a plurality of hydrogen storage devices and couplers arranged at two ends of the hydrogen storage devices. The utility model discloses an integrated high tensile strength, low density capillary tube bundle carry out hydrogen and store, and the equipment is nimble, and hydrogen storage pressure is high, and hydrogen storage capacity is strong, realizes storing high-pressure hydrogen in the container that is lighter relatively.

Description

Device and system for storing high-pressure hydrogen

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a store up hydrogen technical field, concretely relates to a device and system for storing high-pressure hydrogen.

Background

The hydrogen energy is used as a novel green and clean energy source, has the characteristics of high combustion heat value and no pollution, and is an attractive substitute for the traditional fossil energy source. Fuel cell powered vehicles are powered by the combination of hydrogen with air to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and the only product of the reaction is water, without the emission of pollutants, and can be recycled to regenerate hydrogen. The popularization of hydrogen energy is very expected to provide an effective solution for relieving the air quality problem.

The storage and transport of hydrogen gas has been a key challenge in the development of hydrogen energy applications. Two major problems have prompted innovation in current hydrogen storage systems. First, hydrogen, the element with the smallest atomic radius, has very high permeability in many materials. Hydrogen permeation can cause changes in the internal structure of the hydrogen storage material, resulting in hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement results in a material with greatly reduced ductility and is highly susceptible to cracking and failure. Therefore, high tensile strength, no reaction with hydrogen, and low hydrogen diffusivity are desirable characteristics of hydrogen storage materials. Furthermore, the gas storage system should be able to withstand the high pressures associated with compressed hydrogen and, for ease of transportation, the system must be portable and mobile. The hydrogen storage systems that meet these requirements are currently made of metallic materials, alloys and/or composite materials, which are generally heavy, making the bulk and mass densities of the gas storage systems difficult to meet.

High pressure cylinders are currently the most widely used hydrogen storage technology and provide hydrogen storage densities of 1 wt% and 16g/L by weight and volume, respectively. The substitute of the steel cylinder comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a composite material hydrogen storage tank, adsorption hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage modes and the like.

Liquid hydrogen storage tanks are typically only used for large scale long distance hydrogen transportation because the capital cost and energy consumption requirements of hydrogen liquefaction plants are prohibitive. Although this is a relatively mature technology, it is difficult to scale down efficiently. For small tanks, evaporation due to the higher surface/volume ratio is a major problem.

In order to reduce the weight of the structure, fiber reinforced composites are known to be used for manufacturing hydrogen storage tanks. The inner liner of such hydrogen storage tanks is usually made of aluminum or polymer and then coated with glass or carbon fiber. Such gas storage tanks can provide hydrogen storage densities up to 5 wt% and 26g/L by weight and volume. However, carbon fiber is expensive, so that the carbon fiber composite gas cylinder is much more expensive than a steel cylinder.

Adsorption hydrogen storage is to bind hydrogen molecules to the surface of the adsorbent weakly by means of physical adsorption, however, considerable hydrogen storage capacity can be obtained only at low temperature close to 77K, and the method is difficult to be applied commercially.

Metal hydrides are formed by the dissociation of hydrogen molecules to form hydrogen atoms which occupy interstitial sites in the crystal structure of a metal, intermetallic compound or alloy. The formation of such metal hydrides is often accompanied by the release of heat of absorption (typically 30-70kJ/mol), expansion of the crystal structure (up to 30%) and a bursting/settling effect on cycling. Therefore, in this system, thermal control and control of mechanical deformation are important. In addition, the cost of being too expensive is a great obstacle to the commercial application of solid hydrogen storage.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a be not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a device and system for storing high-pressure hydrogen carries out high-pressure hydrogen storage through integrated capillary bundle, aerifys, the other end gassing in the one end of capillary bundle, and simple structure uses the high efficiency, but refillable dress hydrogen, and is with low costs, realizes storing high-pressure hydrogen in the container that is lighter relatively.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a store high-pressure hydrogen device, includes and arranges the hydrogen storage unit that the combination formed by a plurality of capillary arrays that store hydrogen and sets up respectively two adapters at hydrogen storage unit both ends, every the both ends opening of capillary to respectively with two the adapter switches on, one of them adapter is used for outside compressed hydrogen to deposit, another the adapter is used for inside compressed hydrogen to flow out.

The hydrogen storage unit is sequentially provided with a plurality of capillaries, an enhancement layer and a shell layer from inside to outside, and the enhancement layer coats the capillaries; the capillary is arranged along the length direction of the outer shell layer in a through-length mode, and the adapter is fixedly connected with the end portion of the outer shell layer in a sealing mode through threads or adhesives.

The adapter comprises a first adapter and a second adapter, wherein a one-way valve which can be conducted only from outside to inside is integrated in the first adapter and used for storing external compressed hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit, and a one-way valve which can be conducted only from inside to outside is integrated in the second adapter and used for discharging the compressed hydrogen in the hydrogen storage unit.

Preferably, the one-way valve is a check valve.

The ratio of the tensile strength alpha to the material density rho of the capillary material satisfies alpha/rho > 1750 MPa-cm ³ /g。

Preferably, the capillary material is one of magnesium silicate glass, borosilicate glass, fused silica, or a polymer.

The cross section of the capillary tube is in one of a circular shape, a hexagonal shape or a square shape, and the diameter or the cross section width of the capillary tube is 1 mu m-8 mm.

If the adjacent capillaries cannot be tightly attached and a gap exists, a filler is required to be arranged, and the filler is one of epoxy adhesive or glass.

The reinforcing layer and the outer shell layer are one of a metal layer, a plastic layer or a composite material layer.

A hydrogen inlet is formed in one end, far away from the hydrogen storage unit, of the first adapter, and the one-way valve which is conducted from outside to inside is arranged close to the hydrogen inlet; one end of the second adapter, which is far away from the hydrogen storage unit, is provided with a hydrogen outlet (221), and the one-way valve which is communicated from inside to outside is arranged close to the hydrogen outlet end.

A system for storing high-pressure hydrogen comprises n (n is more than or equal to 2) devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen and two couplers arranged at two ends of the devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen, wherein the n devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen are connected in parallel and then are communicated with the couplers through the adapters, one side of each coupler, which is far away from the adapters, is provided with a guide pipe, and hydrogen is added into the system or released from the system through the guide pipe.

The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage:

A. the utility model is used for store high-pressure hydrogen's device and system adopts integrated high tensile strength, low density capillary tube bank to carry out hydrogen storage, and the equipment is nimble, and hydrogen storage pressure is high (can reach 150MPa), and hydrogen storage capacity is strong (the weight stores up hydrogen density and is up to 16%, and the volume stores up hydrogen density and is up to 60g/L), realizes storing high-pressure hydrogen in the container that is lighter relatively.

B. The utility model is used for store high-pressure hydrogen's device and system, capillary tube bank adopts two-way opening to set up check valve respectively at both ends, one end is used for admitting air, and the other end is used for giving vent to anger, compares with present conventional one end open-ended container, and easy operation has avoided the frequent opening and shutting of port when single mouthful of container fills, bleeds, and it is more convenient to use.

C. The utility model is used for store high-pressure hydrogen's device and system, the security is high, and for high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, the capillary stores up hydrogen technology and is put together by countless tiny resistance to compression capillary, forms a superstrong stable structure. Each fine capillary tube is used as a single pressure container, and because the hydrogen storage capacity of a single capillary tube is extremely small, the hydrogen leakage cannot form an explosion environment.

D. The utility model is used for store high-pressure hydrogen's device and system, capillary hydrogen storage technology connect convenient, fill hydrogen rapidly, the modularization can be replaced. The capillary tube stores hydrogen for the modularization constitution, and a piece of tiny capillary tube is combined together and is formed big storage unit subassembly, and storage unit subassembly stack becomes big storage system, and the module replacement is very swift convenient.

E. The capillary tube hydrogen storage technology is a modular structure, and the shape, the size and the capacity of the hydrogen storage device can be designed and installed at will.

F. The present invention can construct hydrogen storage systems of particular size and shape by selecting the pattern and number of array units and the form of assembly of particular array units to couple to any desired consumption system. For example, a hydrogen storage system module can be constructed by making full use of a narrow space in an automobile and mounted on a hydrogen fuel cell automobile to supply power to a fuel cell.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a high pressure hydrogen storage device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (one) of the hydrogen storage unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage unit of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (III) of the hydrogen storage unit of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the system for storing high-pressure hydrogen provided by the present invention.

The labels in the figure are as follows:

1-hydrogen storage unit, 11-capillary tube, 12-reinforcing layer, 13-shell layer; 2-adapter, 21-first adapter, 211-hydrogen inlet, 22-second adapter, 221-hydrogen outlet; a 3-coupler; 4-a catheter.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a store high pressure hydrogen device, include by a plurality of capillary 11 arrays of storing hydrogen arrange the combination form store up hydrogen unit 1 with set up two adapters 2 at hydrogen unit 1 both ends respectively, capillary 11 is formed by high tensile strength alpha and the preparation of low mass density rho material, the both ends opening of every capillary 11 to switch on with two adapters 2 respectively, one of them adapter 2 is used for outside compressed hydrogen to deposit, another adapter 2 is used for inside compressed hydrogen to flow out. The utility model discloses an integrated high tensile strength, low density capillary tube bundle carry out hydrogen and store, and hydrogen storage pressure is high (can reach 150MPa), and hydrogen storage capacity is strong (the weight stores up hydrogen density and is up to 16%, and volume stores up hydrogen density and is up to 60g/L), realizes storing high-pressure hydrogen in the container that is lighter relatively. The utility model discloses the security is high, and for high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, capillary hydrogen storage technology is put together by countless tiny resistance to compression capillary, forms a superstrong stable structure. Each fine capillary tube is used as a single pressure container, and because the hydrogen storage capacity of a single capillary tube is extremely small, the hydrogen leakage cannot form an explosion environment.

Further, the hydrogen storage unit 1 is sequentially provided with a plurality of capillaries 11, a reinforcing layer 12 and a shell layer 13 from inside to outside, and the reinforcing layer 12 coats the plurality of capillaries 11; the capillary tube 11 is arranged along the length direction of the outer shell 13, and the adapter 2 is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end part of the outer shell 13 through threads or adhesive. The adaptor 2 includes a first adaptor 21 and a second adaptor 22, the first adaptor 21 having integrated therein a check valve that can be conducted only from the outside to the inside for storing the external compressed hydrogen gas into the hydrogen storage unit 1, and the second adaptor 22 having integrated therein a check valve that can be conducted only from the inside to the outside for discharging the compressed hydrogen gas from the hydrogen storage unit 1. The utility model discloses capillary bundle adopts two-way opening in the structure to set up check valve respectively at both ends, one end is used for admitting air, and the other end is used for giving vent to anger, compares with present conventional one end open-ended container, and easy operation has avoided the single mouthful container to fill, the frequent opening and shutting of port when gassing, and it is more convenient to use. The utility model discloses check valve is selected to well check valve.

The single hydrogen storage capillary tube 11 is made of a material having a high tensile strength alpha and a low mass density rho, and the ratio of the tensile strength alpha to the material density rho satisfies alpha/rho > 1750 MPa-cm ³ /g, the selected materials are magnesium silicate glass,Borosilicate glass, fused silica, or polymer, etc. The reinforcement layer 12 and the shell layer 13 may be freely selected from any suitable metal, plastic or composite material, depending on the desired thickness, shape and stiffness, to provide sufficient mechanical strength to protect the internal capillary hydrogen storage array.

The cross-sectional shape of the capillary 11 includes, but is not limited to, a circle, a hexagon, a square, etc., and the diameter or cross-sectional width thereof is 1 μm to 8 mm. The capillary tube 11 may be capped at both ends by fusion, brazing, welding or other methods known in the art 2, and compressed hydrogen gas may be introduced into the capillary tube from one end opening and stored therein, and discharged from the capillary tube from one end opening for use as fuel.

The capillaries with different cross-sectional shapes can obtain array packages with different structural shapes by close combination. As shown in fig. 2, the capillaries 11 having a quadrangular cross section can be assembled in close contact in an array having a square or rectangular cross section, and reinforced by a reinforcing layer 12, enclosed in an outer shell layer 13. Also, as shown in fig. 3, the capillaries 11 having a hexagonal cross section may be assembled in an array having a hexagonal cross section. It should be noted that in an array, if there are gaps between adjacent capillaries that do not fit closely together, the space between the walls of the tube is filled with a material, such as epoxy, glass, etc. In fig. 4, the cylindrical capillaries 11 can be assembled in an array with a cross-section of a nearly circular shape, but there are still gaps between closely packed cylinders, which can be filled with epoxy adhesive or glass. From the above, by changing the shape and combination of the capillaries, the hydrogen storage unit 1 of the capillary array of any desired size and shape can be obtained.

In addition, one end of the first adaptor 21 far away from the hydrogen storage unit 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 211, and an outside-in conducting one-way valve is arranged close to the end of the hydrogen inlet 211; one end of the second adapter 22 far away from the hydrogen storage unit 1 is provided with a hydrogen outlet 221, and the one-way valve which is conducted from inside to outside is arranged close to the hydrogen outlet 221. The check valve can control hydrogen gas to be sealed in the capillary tube and allow the hydrogen gas to pass through when needed, such as when the check valve on the first adaptor 21 is opened, external compressed hydrogen gas is added to the hydrogen storage unit 1 through the hydrogen gas inlet 211 for hydrogenation, or when the check valve on the second adaptor 22 is opened, the hydrogen gas outlet 221 is connected to an external hydrogen combustion device for hydrogen gas release.

As shown in fig. 5, the utility model also provides a be used for storing high pressure hydrogen system, including n (n is greater than or equal to 2) above-mentioned store high pressure hydrogen device and set up two couplers 3 storing high pressure hydrogen device both ends, n stores high pressure hydrogen device and switches on with hydrogen entry 211 on the first adapter 21 and hydrogen export 221 on the second adapter 22 respectively through two couplers 3 after parallelly connected. On the side of the coupler 3 remote from the adapter 2, a conduit 4 is provided through which hydrogen is added to or released from the system. The utility model is used for store high-pressure hydrogen's device and system, capillary hydrogen storage technology connect convenient, fill hydrogen rapidly, the modularization can be replaced. The capillary tube stores hydrogen and is formed by modularization, a small capillary tube is combined together to form a large storage unit assembly, and then the storage unit assemblies are superposed to form a large storage system, so that the module replacement is very quick and convenient.

Since the capillary hydrogen storage technology is a modular structure, the present invention can construct a high pressure hydrogen storage system of a specific size and shape by selecting the pattern and number of array hydrogen storage units and the assembly form of the specific array hydrogen storage units 1 to couple to any desired hydrogen consumption system required from the outside. For example, a hydrogen storage system module can be constructed by making full use of a narrow space in an automobile and mounted on a hydrogen fuel cell automobile to supply power to a fuel cell.

The utility model discloses the nothing is mentioned the part and is applicable to prior art.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The device for storing the high-pressure hydrogen is characterized by comprising a hydrogen storage unit (1) formed by arraying and combining a plurality of capillary tubes (11) for storing the hydrogen and two adapters (2) respectively arranged at two ends of the hydrogen storage unit (1), wherein two ends of each capillary tube (11) are opened and are respectively communicated with the two adapters (2), one adapter (2) is used for storing the externally compressed hydrogen, and the other adapter (2) is used for allowing the internally compressed hydrogen to flow out.

2. The device for storing high-pressure hydrogen gas according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage unit (1) is provided with a plurality of capillaries (11), a reinforcing layer (12) and a shell layer (13) in this order from inside to outside, the reinforcing layer (12) covering the plurality of capillaries (11); the capillary (11) is arranged along the length direction of the outer shell layer (13), and the adapter (2) is fixedly and hermetically connected with the end part of the outer shell layer (13) through threads or adhesive.

3. Device for storing high pressure hydrogen gas according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptor (2) comprises a first adaptor (21) and a second adaptor (22), the first adaptor (21) having integrated therein a one-way valve that is only open from outside to inside for storing externally compressed hydrogen gas into the hydrogen storage unit (1), the second adaptor (22) having integrated therein a one-way valve that is only open from inside to outside for discharging compressed hydrogen gas from the hydrogen storage unit (1).

4. An apparatus for storing high pressure hydrogen as in claim 3, wherein the one-way valve is a check valve.

5. Device for storing high pressure hydrogen as in claim 1, characterized in that the ratio between the tensile strength α of the capillary (11) material and the density ρ of the material satisfies α/ρ > 1750MPa x cm ³ /g。

6. Device for storing high pressure hydrogen as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the capillary (11) material is one of magnesium silicate glass, borosilicate glass, fused silica or polymer.

7. The apparatus for storing high pressure hydrogen gas according to claim 2, wherein the capillary tube (11) has one of a circular, hexagonal or square cross-sectional shape and a diameter or cross-sectional width of 1 μm to 8 mm.

8. The device for storing high-pressure hydrogen gas as claimed in claim 7, wherein if the adjacent capillaries (11) are not tightly attached and a gap exists, a filler is arranged, and the filler is one of epoxy adhesive or glass; the reinforcing layer (12) and the outer shell layer (13) are one of a metal layer, a plastic layer or a composite material layer.

9. The apparatus for storing high pressure hydrogen gas as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first adaptor (21) has a hydrogen inlet (211) at an end thereof remote from the hydrogen storage unit (1), and the one-way valve for conducting from outside to inside is disposed near the hydrogen inlet (211); one end of the second adapter (22) far away from the hydrogen storage unit (1) is provided with a hydrogen outlet (221), and the one-way valve communicated from inside to outside is arranged close to the hydrogen outlet (221).

10. A system for storing high-pressure hydrogen, comprising n devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and two couplers (3) arranged at two ends of the devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen, wherein the n devices for storing high-pressure hydrogen are connected in parallel and then communicated with the couplers (3) through the adapters (2), a conduit (4) is arranged on one side of the couplers (3) far away from the adapters (2), hydrogen is added into the system or released from the system through the conduit (4), and n is more than or equal to 2.