CN217469456U - High-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment - Google Patents
High-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN217469456U CN217469456U CN202221391459.5U CN202221391459U CN217469456U CN 217469456 U CN217469456 U CN 217469456U CN 202221391459 U CN202221391459 U CN 202221391459U CN 217469456 U CN217469456 U CN 217469456U
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Abstract
The application provides a high-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage protection. The high-voltage protection circuit comprises a detection module, an isolation module and an external module, wherein the isolation module is respectively and electrically connected with the detection module and the external module; the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module; the MCU is used for determining the state of the external port according to the signal input by the detection module, wherein the state of the external port comprises an open state and a closed state. The application provides a high voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment have and can prevent that device from damaging in the circuit, reach the effect of preventing high pressure purpose.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of high-voltage protection, in particular to a high-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment.
Background
At present ammeter application market, the smart meter demand is more and more various, and external port is also diversified, and external port leads to damaging also frequent emergence because of the mistake connects the high pressure, consequently, need set up corresponding high-voltage protection circuit and avoid this type of trouble.
At present, a thermosensitive and bidirectional TVS tube is generally adopted to realize external high voltage protection. However, the conduction voltage drop of the bidirectional TVS tube is large, which may also cause damage to other devices in the circuit.
In summary, the high voltage protection circuit provided in the prior art may have a problem of internal device damage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The application aims to provide a high-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment to solve the problem that internal devices of the high-voltage protection circuit are damaged possibly in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
on one hand, the embodiment of the application provides a high-voltage protection circuit, which comprises a detection module, an isolation module and an external module, wherein the isolation module is respectively and electrically connected with the detection module and the external module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module;
the MCU is used for determining the state of the external port according to the signal input by the detection module, wherein the state of the external port comprises an open state and a closed state.
Optionally, the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device comprises a unidirectional TVS tube.
Optionally, the unidirectional voltage regulation device comprises a voltage regulation diode.
Optionally, the external module further includes a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply, the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the isolation module, the second end of the isolation module is electrically connected to the unidirectional voltage regulator and one end of the external port, and the other end of the external port is grounded.
Optionally, the external module further includes a fuse, one end of the fuse is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module and the one-way voltage regulator, and the other end of the fuse is electrically connected to one end of the external module.
Optionally, the external module further includes a diode, a cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the first resistor and the first end of the isolation module, and an anode of the diode is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module, the unidirectional voltage regulator, and one end of the external port.
Optionally, the isolation module comprises an optocoupler.
Optionally, the optocoupler comprises a light emitting diode and a light receiving triode, the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the external module, and the light receiving triode is electrically connected with the detection module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
when the external port is closed, the light emitting diode of the optocoupler is conducted with the light receiving triode.
Optionally, the detection module includes a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the second resistor is electrically connected to the third end of the isolation module; one end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the MCU, the other end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the third end of the isolation module, and the fourth end of the isolation module is grounded.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, and the electronic equipment comprises the high-voltage protection circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects:
the application provides a high-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment, wherein the high-voltage protection circuit comprises a detection module, an isolation module and an external module, the isolation module is respectively and electrically connected with the detection module and the external module, the detection module is used for being electrically connected with an MCU (microprogrammed control unit), the external module comprises a one-way voltage stabilizing device and an external port, one end of the one-way voltage stabilizing device is grounded, and the other end of the one-way voltage stabilizing device is respectively and electrically connected with the external port and the isolation module; the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module; the MCU is used for determining the state of the external port according to the signal input by the detection module, wherein the state of the external port comprises an open state and a closed state. Because in the high-voltage protection circuit that this application provided, adopt one-way voltage regulator device to carry out the steady voltage, and the forward conduction voltage drop of one-way voltage regulator device is less, consequently is difficult to lead to in the circuit device to damage, reaches the purpose of preventing high pressure.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high voltage protection circuit in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a high-voltage protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-voltage protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
100-high voltage protection circuit; 110-a detection module; 120-an isolation module; 130-external module; r1 — first resistance; r2 — second resistance; r3 — third resistance; d1-diode; RT 1-fuse; TVS 1-unidirectional voltage regulator device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is also to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, a thermistor and a bidirectional TVS tube are used for protecting a high-voltage protection circuit, but due to a large conduction voltage drop of the bidirectional TVS tube, other devices in the circuit may be damaged, and a risk of circuit function failure exists.
For example, referring to fig. 1, a circuit diagram of a high voltage protection circuit in the prior art is shown. JP1 is an external port, FVCC _5V is an isolation power supply, F _ GND is a reference ground, M _ GND is a reference ground of the MCU, BOX _ CHK is a common IO port of the MCU, and M _ VDD is a 3.3V power supply of the MCU.
During normal use, when JP1 is turned off, the 1/2 pin of the E14 optocoupler is in an off state, the voltage of BOX _ CHK is equal to M _ VDD and is 3.3V, for example, the chip detects and judges that the port is in an off state, when JP1 is turned on, the E14 is in a saturated on state, the BOX _ CHK is 0V, and the chip detects and judges that the port is in a closed state.
If JP1 mistakenly accesses a high voltage, for example, if the high voltage is 230V, then the voltage of 2 pins of the E14 optical coupler is at most TVS10 regulated voltage (hereinafter, Vt) due to the existence of bidirectional TVS10, and then RT1 is turned off, so that the internal device can be protected. If the access is-230V, at this time, because of the existence of TVS10, the lowest voltage of the 2-terminal of the E14 optocoupler is-Vt, the voltage drop on R125 is equal to 5+ Vt-1.1V, wherein 1.1 is the voltage drop of the optocoupler, and for a bidirectional TVS tube, the value of Vt can generally reach 7 and 8V, so that the voltage drop on R125 is large, R125 is easily damaged, and the purpose of high-voltage protection cannot be achieved.
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problem, embodiments of the present application provide a high voltage protection circuit, which achieves the purpose of high voltage protection by arranging a unidirectional voltage regulator in an external module.
The following is an exemplary description of the high voltage protection circuit provided in the present application:
as an optional implementation manner, please refer to fig. 2, the high voltage protection circuit 100 includes a detection module 110, an isolation module 120, and an external module 130, where the isolation module 120 is electrically connected to the detection module 110 and the external module 130, respectively, the detection module 110 is configured to be electrically connected to the MCU, the external module 130 includes a unidirectional voltage regulator TVS1 and an external port, one end of the unidirectional voltage regulator TVS1 is grounded, and the other end of the unidirectional voltage regulator TVS1 is electrically connected to the external port and the isolation module 120, respectively; the unidirectional voltage stabilizer TVS1 is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module 120; the MCU is configured to determine a state of the external port according to a signal input by the detection module 110, where the state of the external port includes an open state and a closed state.
Because the application provides adopts one-way voltage regulator device TVS1 to carry out the steady voltage in the high voltage protection circuit 100, and the forward conducting voltage of one-way voltage regulator device TVS1 is lower, consequently can not damaged by the device in the protection circuit.
As an implementation manner, the unidirectional voltage regulator device TVS1 provided by the present application may be a unidirectional TVS transistor, which is a high-performance protection device in the form of a diode D1. When two poles of the unidirectional TVS tube are impacted by reverse transient high energy, the high impedance between the two poles of the unidirectional TVS tube can be changed into low impedance at the speed of 10 minus 12 times of a second, surge power up to thousands of watts can be absorbed, the voltage between the two poles can be clamped at a preset value, and precise components in an electronic circuit can be effectively protected from being damaged by various surge pulses.
As another implementation, the unidirectional voltage regulator device TVS1 may also be a zener diode D1, which is not limited herein, the zener diode D1 is also called a zener diode D1, which utilizes the phenomenon that the reverse breakdown state of the PN junction, the current of which can vary in a large range, and the voltage of which is substantially constant, to form a diode D1 functioning as a voltage regulator. The diode D1 is a semiconductor device having a high resistance up to a critical reverse breakdown voltage, at which the reverse resistance decreases to a small value, the current increases in the low resistance region while the voltage remains constant, and the zener diode D1 is stepped according to the breakdown voltage because of its characteristic that the zener is mainly used as a regulator or a voltage reference element.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, the external module 130 further includes a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply, the other end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first end of the isolation module 120, the second end of the isolation module 120 is electrically connected to the unidirectional voltage regulator TVS1 and one end of the external port, and the other end of the external port is grounded. On this basis, when the external port is closed, the power supply, the first resistor R1, the isolation module 120 and the external port form a loop connected in series, the isolation module 120 is turned on, the MCU can detect a corresponding signal through the detection module 110, and when the external port is turned off, the isolation module 120 cannot be turned on.
Moreover, when the external port is erroneously connected to a high voltage, the voltage of the second terminal of the isolation module 120 can be stabilized within a certain range by the action of the unidirectional voltage stabilizer TVS1, thereby achieving a high voltage protection effect.
As an implementation manner, the external module 130 further includes a fuse RT1, one end of the fuse RT1 is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module 120 and the one-way voltage regulator TVS1, and the other end of the fuse RT1 is electrically connected to one end of the external module 130. When the external port is connected with high voltage by mistake, the fuse RT1 is fused, and the fuse RT1 and the one-way voltage stabilizing device TVS1 are arranged, so that the device in the protection circuit can be ensured to be normally used when the external port is connected with high voltage by mistake.
Optionally, the external module 130 further includes a diode D1, a cathode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the first resistor R1 and the first end of the isolation module 120, respectively, and an anode of the diode D1 is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module 120, the unidirectional voltage regulator TVS1 and one end of the external port, respectively. By arranging the diode D1, the function of protecting the isolation module 120 can be ensured when the external port is accessed with high voltage by mistake.
In one implementation, the isolation module 120 includes an optocoupler. The optocoupler comprises a light emitting diode and a light receiving triode, the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the external module 130, and the light receiving triode is electrically connected with the detection module 110; when the external port is closed, the light emitting diode of the optical coupler is conducted with the light receiving triode.
The anode of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the first resistor R1, the cathode of the light emitting diode is electrically connected with the one-way voltage stabilizing device TVS1 and the fuse RT1 respectively, and the diode D1 is connected with the light emitting diode in reverse parallel to protect the optocoupler.
Optionally, the detection module 110 includes a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the power supply, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the third end of the isolation module 120; one end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the MCU, the other end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the third end of the isolation module 120, and the fourth end of the isolation module 120 is grounded.
When the isolation module 120 is an optocoupler, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are both electrically connected to the collector of the light receiving transistor, and the emitter of the light receiving transistor is grounded.
It can be understood that the working principle of the high voltage protection circuit 100 provided by the present application is as follows:
when the external port is disconnected, the 1/2 pin of the optocoupler is in a cut-off state, the light emitting diode does not emit light, so the light receiving triode is not conducted, the voltage of the chip pin CHK is equal to the voltage of the power supply VDD, for example, the voltage is 3.3V, and at this time, the MCU detects a high level and determines that the port is in a disconnected state. When the external port is closed, the light emitting diode is conducted to emit light, so that the light receiving triode is conducted, the voltage of the chip pin CHK is directly pulled down to the grounding voltage, and the MCU detects a low level and judges that the port is in a closed state.
And when the external port is connected with high voltage by mistake, for example, 230V, the voltage of the second end of the optical coupler is the highest Vt due to the existence of the one-way voltage stabilizing device TVS1, the Vt represents the voltage stabilizing value of the one-way voltage stabilizing device TVS1, and then the fuse RT1 acts and is disconnected, so that the internal device can be protected. When the voltage is-230V, the voltage at the second end of the optical coupler is-0.7V (the voltage at the point is clamped to-0.7V by the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device TVS1) due to the existence of the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device TVS1, and the voltage drop on the first resistor R1 is-0.7V
(5+0.7-1.1) V, wherein 5V represents a power supply voltage, 0.7 represents a voltage stabilizing value, and 1.1 represents a voltage drop of an optical coupler, so that the risk of damage does not exist, and internal devices can be protected at the moment.
Based on the foregoing implementation manner, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes the foregoing high-voltage protection circuit 100. For example, the electronic device may be an electric energy meter.
In summary, the present application provides a high voltage protection circuit and an electronic device, the high voltage protection circuit includes a detection module, an isolation module and an external module, the isolation module is electrically connected to the detection module and the external module, respectively, the detection module is used for being electrically connected to an MCU, the external module includes a one-way voltage regulator and an external port, one end of the one-way voltage regulator is grounded, and the other end of the one-way voltage regulator is electrically connected to the external port and the isolation module, respectively; the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module; the MCU is used for determining the state of the external port according to the signal input by the detection module, wherein the state of the external port comprises an open state and a closed state. Because in the high-voltage protection circuit that this application provided, adopt one-way voltage regulator device to carry out the steady voltage, and the forward conduction voltage drop of one-way voltage regulator device is less, consequently is difficult to lead to in the circuit device to damage, reaches the purpose of preventing high pressure.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present application may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A high-voltage protection circuit (100) is characterized in that the high-voltage protection circuit (100) comprises a detection module (110), an isolation module (120) and an external module (130), the isolation module (120) is respectively electrically connected with the detection module (110) and the external module (130), the detection module (110) is used for being electrically connected with an MCU, the external module (130) comprises a one-way voltage stabilizing device (TVS1) and an external port, one end of the one-way voltage stabilizing device (TVS1) is grounded, and the other end of the one-way voltage stabilizing device (TVS1) is respectively electrically connected with the external port and the isolation module (120); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the unidirectional voltage stabilizing device (TVS1) is used for stabilizing the port voltage of the isolation module (120);
the MCU is used for determining the state of the external port according to the signal input by the detection module (110), wherein the state of the external port comprises an open state and a closed state.
2. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 1, wherein said unidirectional voltage regulator device (TVS1) comprises a unidirectional TVS transistor.
3. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 1, wherein the unidirectional voltage regulator device (TVS1) comprises a zener diode (D1).
4. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 1, wherein the external module (130) further comprises a first resistor (R1), one end of the first resistor (R1) is connected to a power source, the other end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the isolation module (120), the second end of the isolation module (120) is electrically connected to the unidirectional voltage regulator device (TVS1) and one end of the external port, and the other end of the external port is grounded.
5. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 4, wherein the external module (130) further comprises a fuse (RT1), one end of the fuse (RT1) is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module (120) and the one-way voltage regulator device (TVS1), and the other end of the fuse (RT1) is electrically connected to one end of the external module (130).
6. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 4, wherein the external module (130) further comprises a diode (D1), wherein a cathode of the diode (D1) is electrically connected to the first resistor (R1) and the first end of the isolation module (120), respectively, and an anode of the diode (D1) is electrically connected to the second end of the isolation module (120), the one-way voltage regulator device (TVS1) and one end of the external port, respectively.
7. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 1, wherein the isolation module (120) comprises an optocoupler.
8. The high voltage protection circuit (100) of claim 7, wherein the optocoupler includes a light emitting diode (D1) and a light receiving transistor, the light emitting diode (D1) is electrically connected to the external module (130), and the light receiving transistor is electrically connected to the detection module (110); wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
when the external port is closed, the light emitting diode (D1) of the optical coupler is conducted with the light receiving triode.
9. The high voltage protection circuit (100) according to claim 1, wherein the detection module (110) comprises a second resistor (R2) and a third resistor (R3), one end of the second resistor (R2) is connected to a power supply, and the other end of the second resistor (R2) is electrically connected to the third end of the isolation module (120); one end of the third resistor (R3) is electrically connected with the MCU, the other end of the third resistor (R3) is electrically connected with the third end of the isolation module (120), and the fourth end of the isolation module (120) is grounded.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a high voltage protection circuit (100) according to any of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221391459.5U CN217469456U (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221391459.5U CN217469456U (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217469456U true CN217469456U (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221391459.5U Active CN217469456U (en) | 2022-05-31 | 2022-05-31 | High-voltage protection circuit and electronic equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN217469456U (en) |
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- 2022-05-31 CN CN202221391459.5U patent/CN217469456U/en active Active
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