CN217467406U

CN217467406U - Display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles

Info

Publication number: CN217467406U
Application number: CN202221483571.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾小祥; 李振行; 许雅琴
Original assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Current assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-14
Filing date: 2022-06-14
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a display device with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, which comprises a light modulation box and a display panel which is overlapped with the light modulation box; the display panel is provided with a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array; the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the first substrate, the first substrate is provided with a first visual angle control electrode, the second substrate is provided with a second visual angle control electrode, the first visual angle control electrode is provided with a plurality of first blank areas corresponding to pixel units, the projection of the first visual angle control electrode on the display panel is overlapped with the edge positions of the pixel units, and the projection of the first blank areas on the display panel is overlapped with the middle positions of the pixel units. The wide and narrow visual angle switching is realized by controlling the dye liquid crystal molecules at the edge of the pixel unit to deflect.

Description

Display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a display technical field especially relates to a changeable display device of wide and narrow visual angle.

Background

With the development of the information age, the application of display screens is becoming wider and diversified, and display screens of various technologies are also developing vigorously, wherein an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) and a Micro LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode) are the next generation displays behind an LCD (liquid crystal display), and the OLED display has the advantages of good picture quality, small volume, Light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation and relatively low manufacturing cost, and the development and application are becoming wider. Micro LEDs have greater advantages in display, compared to LCDs and OLEDs, in brightness, resolution, contrast, power consumption, lifetime, response speed, and thermal stability.

Generally, due to the self-luminous characteristic, the OLED display and the Micro LED display have wide viewing angles and high color saturation, the visual angle of the display can reach over 160 degrees, and people hope to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying large viewing angle experience so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by screen information leakage. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

At present, no matter the OLED display and the Micro LED display or the LCD display, the wide and narrow visual angle switching is realized by mainly attaching the shutter shielding film on the display screen, when peep prevention is needed, the visual angle can be reduced by using the shutter shielding film to shield the screen, but the shutter shielding film needs to be additionally prepared in the mode, great inconvenience can be caused to a user, one shutter shielding film can only realize one visual angle, once the shutter shielding film is attached, the visual angle is fixed in the narrow visual angle mode, free switching between the wide visual angle mode and the narrow visual angle mode cannot be realized, and the peep prevention piece can cause gray level reduction and influence the grade.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the shortcoming and the deficiency that exist among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a changeable display device of wide and narrow visual angle to solve among the prior art problem that the display can not freely switch wide and narrow visual angle.

The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a display device with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, which comprises a light modulation box and a display panel which is overlapped with the light modulation box;

the display panel is provided with a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array;

the light modulation box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules is vertical to the first substrate, a first visual angle control electrode is arranged on the first substrate, a second visual angle control electrode matched with the first visual angle control electrode is arranged on the second substrate, the first visual angle control electrode is provided with a plurality of first blank areas corresponding to the pixel units, the projection of the first visual angle control electrode on the display panel is overlapped with the edge positions of the pixel units, the projection of the first blank area on the display panel is overlapped with the middle position of the pixel unit;

at a narrow viewing angle, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules projected on the first substrate corresponding to the first viewing angle control electrode are in a lying posture, and the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules projected on the first substrate corresponding to the first blank area are in a standing posture; and when the wide visual angle is achieved, all the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules in the dimming box are in a standing posture.

Further, the first blank area is strip-shaped and corresponds to one column or one row of the pixel units.

Furthermore, the first blank area is block-shaped and corresponds to the pixel units one by one.

Furthermore, the first viewing angle control electrode is provided with a plurality of second blank areas, and the second blank areas correspond to gaps between two adjacent pixel units.

The application also provides a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, which comprises a dimming box and a display panel which is arranged in a stacking mode with the dimming box;

the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, a first visual angle control electrode is arranged on the first substrate, a second visual angle control electrode matched with the first visual angle control electrode is arranged on the second substrate, the first visual angle control electrode comprises a plurality of electrode parts which are insulated from each other, and the projection of the electrode parts on the display panel shields the pixel unit;

at a narrow viewing angle, in the arrangement direction of the electrode parts, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules positioned in the middle of the dimming box are in a standing posture, the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are gradually reduced from the middle of the dimming box to the edge of the dimming box, and the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the dimming box are symmetrical about the middle of the dimming box; and when the wide visual angle is achieved, all the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules in the dimming box are in a standing posture.

Furthermore, the electrode part is strip-shaped and corresponds to one row or one column of the pixel units; or the electrode parts are in block shapes and correspond to the pixel units one by one.

Furthermore, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules positioned in the middle of the dimming box are perpendicular to the first substrate, an included angle between the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules positioned at the edge of the dimming box and the first substrate is 83-90 degrees, and the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the dimming box are symmetrical about the middle of the dimming box.

Further, the liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, an included angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules and the first substrate is 0-7 degrees, and the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the dimming box is symmetrical about the middle position of the dimming box.

Further, the projections of the first viewing angle control electrode and the second viewing angle control electrode on the first substrate coincide with each other.

Further, the display panel is an OLED display panel, a Micro LED display panel or a liquid crystal display panel.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect lies in: the dye liquid crystal molecules at the edges of the pixel units are controlled to deflect by the first visual angle control electrode and the second visual angle control electrode, so that wide and narrow visual angle switching is realized; when the dye liquid crystal molecules at the edge of the pixel unit are driven to deflect to the lying posture, the dye liquid crystal molecules can shield the light emitted from the edge of the pixel unit so as to reduce the light emitting range of the pixel unit and realize narrow-view-angle display; when the dye liquid crystal molecules at the edge of the pixel unit are driven to deflect to the initial standing posture, the dye liquid crystal molecules cannot shield the light emitted from the edge of the pixel unit, the light emitting range of the pixel unit is restored to the initial range, and wide-view-angle display is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a first embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a second schematic plan view illustrating a first viewing angle control electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph showing transmittance simulation of a display device at a wide and narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a second embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle;

fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle control electrode according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle;

fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle control electrode according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13a to 13d are schematic views illustrating a manufacturing structure of an alignment layer on a first substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;

fig. 15 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the objectives of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments for the specific implementation, structure, features and effects of the display device with switchable viewing angles according to the present invention as follows:

[ first embodiment ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a second schematic plan view illustrating a first viewing angle control electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a graph showing transmittance simulation of a display device at a wide and narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a light modulation box 10 and a display panel 20 stacked on the light modulation box 10. In the embodiment, the light modulation box 10 is disposed above the display panel 20, that is, the light modulation box 10 is disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 20. The light modulation box 10 is used for controlling the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the display device, and the display panel 20 is used for controlling the display device to display a normal picture.

The display panel 20 has a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit includes a red (R) pixel unit, a green (G) pixel unit, and a blue (B) pixel unit, and gray-scale brightness of each pixel unit can be controlled independently.

The light modulation box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, wherein the liquid crystal layer 13 includes liquid crystal molecules 131 and dye liquid crystal molecules 132 mixed with each other, and a light absorption capability of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is greater than a light absorption capability of a short axis, that is, light parallel to the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is absorbed by the dye liquid crystal molecules 132, and light parallel to the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is not absorbed by the dye liquid crystal molecules 132.

In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 131 are negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy), and as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state (wide viewing angle), the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are perpendicular to the first substrate 11, and preferably, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are at an angle of 83 ° to 90 ° with respect to the first substrate 11, that is, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first substrate 11. It is understood that, in the present embodiment, an alignment layer needs to be disposed on both sides of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13 to align the liquid crystal layer 13. In the initial state, the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 have a weak light absorption capability, i.e., the display panel has a wide viewing angle in the initial state, as shown in fig. 1. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be prepared by dyeing common liquid crystal molecules, but cannot be deflected in an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are required to carry the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 to rotate in the electric field.

The first substrate 11 is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second substrate 12 is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode 121 matched with the first viewing angle control electrode 111, and the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled by the pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the light absorption capacity of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is changed, and the switching of wide and narrow viewing angles is controlled. The first viewing angle control electrode 111 has a plurality of first blank regions 111a corresponding to the pixel units, i.e. the entire first viewing angle control electrode 111 has a plurality of through holes corresponding to the pixel units, and the through holes form the first blank regions 111 a. The material of the first viewing angle controlling electrode 111 and the second viewing angle controlling electrode 121 may be a transparent electrode such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).

Further, the projection of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 on the display panel 20 overlaps with the edge position of the pixel unit, the projection of the first blank area 111a on the display panel 20 overlaps with the middle position of the pixel unit, and the width of the first blank area 111a is smaller than the width of the pixel unit. As shown in fig. 3, the first blank area 111a is in a strip shape and corresponds to a row of pixel units, and the projection of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 on the display panel 20 overlaps with the left and right edge positions of the pixel units, so that left and right wide and narrow viewing angle switching can be realized; of course, the first blank area 111a may also correspond to a row of pixel units, and the projection of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 on the display panel 20 overlaps with the upper and lower edge positions of the pixel units, so that the switching of the viewing angles of the upper and lower wide and narrow can be realized. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the first blank regions 111a are block-shaped and correspond to the pixel units one by one, that is, the block-shaped first blank regions 111a are distributed in an array, and the projection of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 on the display panel 20 overlaps with the left, right, upper and lower edge positions of the pixel units, so that the left, right, upper and lower wide and narrow viewing angles can be switched.

In this embodiment, the first viewing angle control electrode 111 has a plurality of second blank regions 111b, and the second blank regions 111b correspond to the gaps between two adjacent pixel units. As shown in fig. 3, the second blank area 111b is a stripe and is parallel to the first blank area 111a, and the second blank area 111b corresponds to a gap between two adjacent pixel units. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the second blank area 111b is in a block shape, and the second blank area 111b corresponds to a gap between two adjacent pixel units in the left-right direction and in the up-down direction.

In this embodiment, the projections of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 on the first substrate 11 are overlapped, that is, the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the first viewing angle control electrode 111 have the same pattern. Of course, in other embodiments, the second viewing angle control electrode 121 may be a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface.

In this embodiment, the first substrate 11 is located at the lower side of the light modulation box 10, and the second substrate 12 is located at the upper side of the light modulation box 10. Of course, the first substrate 11 may be located on the upper side of the light modulation box 10, and the second substrate 12 may be located on the lower side of the light modulation box 10.

Further, the display panel 20 is an OLED display panel, a Micro LED display panel or a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the OLED display panel and the Micro LED display panel are self-luminous display panels. In this embodiment, the display panel 20 is a Micro LED display panel for example. The Micro LED display panel includes a substrate 21, and a Micro LED disposed on the substrate 21, the Micro LED includes a control electrode 22 and a light emitting material 23, and the light emitting material 23 includes three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) light emitting materials. As for the structures of the OLED display panel and the liquid crystal display panel, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein again.

In this embodiment, one side of the light modulation box 10 away from the display panel 20 is provided with the anti-dazzle protection film 30, that is, the light-emitting side of the light modulation box 10 is provided with the anti-dazzle protection film 30, and the anti-dazzle protection film 30 can play an anti-dazzle role, and can also protect the light modulation box 10, so as to avoid the damage of the light modulation box 10 due to collision.

As shown in fig. 1, at a wide viewing angle, no electric signal is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are substantially not deflected in the vertical direction and maintain the initial standing posture, and the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 substantially does not absorb light, thereby displaying a wide viewing angle display.

As shown in fig. 2, in a narrow viewing angle, corresponding electrical signals are applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the voltage difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is greater than a predetermined value (e.g., greater than 7.5V), a strong vertical electric field is formed between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, and no vertical electric field is formed in the first blank region 111 a. The liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 projected on the first substrate 11 corresponding to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 are deflected and assume a lying posture; the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 projected on the first substrate 11 and corresponding to the first blank area 111a maintain an initial standing posture, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 in a lying posture absorb light at the edge of the pixel unit to reduce the light emitting range of the pixel unit, thereby realizing narrow viewing angle display.

As shown in fig. 5 and the above table, when the display is performed at a wide viewing angle, the transmittance is strong in the range of-70 ° to 70 °, the relative central brightness is 12.30%, and the displayed picture can be seen at the viewing angle of-70 ° to 70 °. When the display is carried out at a narrow visual angle, the visual angle has stronger transmittance within the range of minus 45 degrees to 45 degrees, the relative central brightness is 9.78 percent and 9.88 percent, namely, the displayed picture can be seen only when the visual angle is between minus 45 degrees and 45 degrees, and the displayed picture can not be seen clearly when the visual angle is more than 45 degrees or less than minus 45 degrees.

[ example two ]

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a second embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle control electrode according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 5), except that in the present embodiment, in the projection direction of the display panel 20, the first viewing angle control electrode 111 covers the gap between two adjacent pixel units, that is, the first viewing angle control electrode 111 does not have the second blank region 111b at the position corresponding to the gap between two adjacent pixel units. By eliminating the second blank region 111b, the resistance of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 can be reduced, and the conductivity of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 can be increased.

Further, the projections of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 on the first substrate 11 coincide with each other, i.e., the second viewing angle control electrode 121 and the first viewing angle control electrode 111 have the same pattern.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ third example ]

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle. Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle. Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a first viewing angle control electrode according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a second schematic plan view of the first viewing angle control electrode according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9 to 12, a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes a light modulation box 10 and a display panel 20 stacked on the light modulation box 10. In the embodiment, the light modulation box 10 is disposed above the display panel 20, that is, the light modulation box 10 is disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 20. The light modulation box 10 is used for controlling the wide and narrow viewing angle switching of the display device, and the display panel 20 is used for controlling the display device to display a normal picture.

The first substrate 11 is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode 111, the second substrate 12 is provided with a second viewing angle control electrode 121 matched with the first viewing angle control electrode 111, and the deflection of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled by the pressure difference between the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, so that the light absorption capacity of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is changed, and the switching of wide and narrow viewing angles is controlled. The first viewing angle control electrode 111 includes a plurality of mutually insulated electrode portions 111c, and the projection of the electrode portions 111c onto the display panel 20 blocks the pixel unit. The material of the first viewing angle controlling electrode 111 and the second viewing angle controlling electrode 121 may be a transparent electrode such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).

As shown in fig. 11, the electrode portion 111c is in a stripe shape and corresponds to a column of pixel units, and the electrode portions 111c are arranged in the left-right direction, so that left-right wide and narrow viewing angle switching can be realized. Of course, the electrode portions 111c may correspond to one row of pixel units, and the electrode portions 111c are arranged in the up-down direction, so that the switching of the viewing angle between the up-down direction and the narrow viewing angle can be realized.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the electrode portions 111c may be block-shaped and correspond to the pixel units one by one, and the electrode portions 111c may be arranged in an array, i.e., in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. The first substrate 11 is further provided with a scan line, a data line and a thin film transistor, and each block electrode portion 111c is electrically connected with the scan line and the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor, so that an electric signal on each electrode portion 111c can be independently controlled, and left-right and up-down wide-narrow viewing angle switching can be realized.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the liquid crystal molecules 131 are negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy). In the arrangement direction (left-right direction in the present embodiment) of the electrode portion 111c, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 located at the center of the dimming cell 10 is perpendicular to the first substrate 11, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 located at the edge of the dimming cell 10 is 83 ° to 90 ° with respect to the first substrate 11, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 131 within the dimming cell 10 is symmetrical with respect to the center of the dimming cell 10, that is, in the initial state, the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are assigned a tilt direction so that the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are deflected in the vertical direction toward the assigned direction, thereby avoiding occurrence of deflection floc. For example, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the middle position of the light modulation cell 10 is perpendicular to the first substrate 11, the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the left edge position of the light modulation cell 10 and the first substrate 11 is 89 °, and the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the right edge position of the light modulation cell 10 and the first substrate 11 is 89 °, and the angle is inclined toward the left side. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be prepared by dyeing common liquid crystal molecules, but cannot be deflected in an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are required to carry the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 to rotate in the electric field.

It is understood that, in the present embodiment, the alignment layer 2 needs to be disposed on both sides of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13 to align the liquid crystal layer 13. As shown in fig. 13a to 13d, the method for manufacturing the alignment layer 2 on the liquid crystal layer 13 side of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 includes:

as shown in fig. 13a, a substrate 1 and an alignment layer 2 are provided, and the alignment layer 2 is coated on the surface of the substrate 1. Wherein, an ultraviolet photosensitive polymer material is arranged in the alignment layer 2.

As shown in fig. 13b, an ultraviolet mask plate 3 is provided, the alignment layer 2 is partially shielded by the ultraviolet mask plate 3 to perform ultraviolet exposure, the angle of the ultraviolet is specifically set according to the required alignment angle, the photochemical reaction of the ultraviolet photopolymer material in the alignment layer 2 generates anisotropy, and the arrangement direction of the photo-aligned molecules is parallel to the ultraviolet irradiation direction.

As shown in fig. 13c and 13d, during the irradiation of the alignment layer 2, the uv mask plate 3 is moved while changing the irradiation angle of the uv light, so that the alignment angle at the center of the alignment layer 2 is perpendicular to the substrate 1, the alignment directions at the left and right sides form an angle of 83 ° to 90 ° with respect to the substrate 1, and the alignment angle of the alignment layer 2 is left-right symmetrical with respect to the center of the alignment layer 2.

Of course, in other embodiments, the liquid crystal molecules 131 may also be positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy), the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 forms an angle of 0 ° to 7 ° with the first substrate 11, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 131 within the light modulation cell 10 is symmetrical with respect to the middle position of the light modulation cell 10, i.e., the initial pretilt angles of the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are parallel or approximately parallel to the first substrate 11. The alignment method can refer to fig. 13a-13 d.

Further, the display panel 20 is an OLED display panel, a Micro LED display panel or a liquid crystal display panel, wherein the OLED display panel and the Micro LED display panel are self-luminous display panels. In this embodiment, the display panel 20 is a Micro LED display panel for example. The Micro LED display panel includes a substrate 21, and a Micro LED disposed on the substrate 21, the Micro LED includes a control electrode 22 and a light emitting material 23, and the light emitting material 23 includes three color light emitting materials of red (R), green (G), and blue (B). As for the structures of the OLED display panel and the liquid crystal display panel, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein again.

As shown in fig. 9, at a wide viewing angle, no electric signal is applied to the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121, the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are substantially not deflected in the vertical direction and maintain the initial standing posture, and the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 substantially does not absorb light, thereby displaying a wide viewing angle display.

As shown in fig. 10, at the time of a narrow viewing angle, corresponding electric signals are applied to each of the first viewing angle control electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121. Specifically, in the arrangement direction of the electrode portions 111c, the electrode portion 111c located at the middle position of the dimming cell 10 applies a small voltage so that the voltage difference between the electrode portion 111c located at the middle position of the dimming cell 10 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is smaller than a preset value (for example, smaller than 0.1V), and the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 located at the middle position of the dimming cell 10 are maintained in the initial standing posture; the voltage applied to the electrode part 111c from the middle position of the dimming cell 10 toward the left and right edge positions of the dimming cell 10 gradually increases, so that the tilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are gradually decreased from the middle position of the dimming cell 10 toward the edge position of the dimming cell 10, and the tilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules 131 within the dimming cell 10 are symmetrical with respect to the middle position of the dimming cell 10, wherein, the voltage difference between the electrode part 111c at the left and right edge of the light modulation box 10 and the second viewing angle control electrode 121 is larger than a predetermined value (for example, larger than 5V), the included angle between the liquid crystal molecules 131 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the left and right edge of the light modulation box 10 and the first substrate 11 is 0-30 degrees, that is, the light absorption capability of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 from the middle position of the light modulation box 10 toward the edge position of the light modulation box 10 is gradually increased, so as to achieve the effect of receiving light toward the middle, thereby realizing narrow viewing angle display.

Fig. 14 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 15 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 14 and 15, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 40 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 40 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 14), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 15, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When the user needs to switch between wide visual angle and narrow visual angle, can send visual angle switching request to this display device through operation visual angle switching button 40, the signal of telecommunication on first visual angle control electrode 111 and second visual angle control electrode 121 is applyed in final control by driver chip 50, this display device can realize the switching between wide visual angle and the narrow visual angle, when switching into wide visual angle, its drive method adopts the drive method that wide angle mode corresponds, when switching into narrow visual angle, its drive method adopts the drive method that narrow visual angle mode corresponds, consequently the utility model discloses a display device has stronger operation flexibility and convenience, reaches the multi-functional display device of collection amusement video and secret keeping in an organic whole.

In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above description in any form, and although the present invention has been disclosed with the preferred embodiment, it is not limited to the present invention, and any skilled person in the art can make some changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention without departing from the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical contents of the above disclosure can be utilized to make equivalent embodiments, but the technical contents of the present invention are not broken away from, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention all still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display device switchable between wide and narrow viewing angles, comprising a light modulation box (10) and a display panel (20) stacked on the light modulation box (10);

the display panel (20) is provided with a plurality of pixel units which are arranged in an array;

the light modulation box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) and a liquid crystal layer (13), wherein the second substrate (12) is arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), the liquid crystal layer (13) is arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), the liquid crystal layer (13) comprises liquid crystal molecules (131) and dye liquid crystal molecules (132) which are mixed with each other, the liquid crystal molecules (131) are negative liquid crystal molecules, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) are vertical to the first substrate (11), a first visual angle control electrode (111) is arranged on the first substrate (11), a second visual angle control electrode (121) matched with the first visual angle control electrode (111) is arranged on the second substrate (12), a plurality of first blank regions (111a) corresponding to the pixel units are arranged on the first visual angle control electrode (111), the projection of the first viewing angle control electrode (111) on the display panel (20) overlaps with the edge position of the pixel unit, and the projection of the first blank area (111a) on the display panel (20) overlaps with the middle position of the pixel unit;

at a narrow viewing angle, the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) projected on the first substrate (11) corresponding to the first viewing angle control electrode (111) are in a lying posture, and the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) projected on the first substrate (11) corresponding to the first blank area (111a) are in a standing posture; at a wide viewing angle, all the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) in the light modulation box (10) are in a standing posture.

2. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device of claim 1, wherein the first blank area (111a) is a stripe and corresponds to one column or one row of the pixel units.

3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device according to claim 1, wherein the first blank area (111a) is block-shaped and corresponds to the pixel units one by one.

4. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device according to claim 1, wherein the first viewing angle control electrode (111) is provided with a plurality of second blank areas (111b), and the second blank areas (111b) correspond to gaps between two adjacent pixel units.

5. A display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles is characterized by comprising a dimming box (10) and a display panel (20) which is arranged in a stacking mode with the dimming box (10);

the dimming box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) and a liquid crystal layer (13), wherein the second substrate (12) is arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), the liquid crystal layer (13) is positioned between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), the liquid crystal layer (13) comprises liquid crystal molecules (131) and dye liquid crystal molecules (132) which are mixed with each other, a first visual angle control electrode (111) is arranged on the first substrate (11), a second visual angle control electrode (121) matched with the first visual angle control electrode (111) is arranged on the second substrate (12), the first visual angle control electrode (111) comprises a plurality of mutually insulated electrode parts (111c), and the projection of the electrode parts (111c) on the display panel (20) shields the pixel unit;

at a narrow viewing angle, in the arrangement direction of the electrode part (111c), the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) located at the middle position of the dimming cell (10) are in a standing posture, the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) are gradually reduced from the middle position of the dimming cell (10) to the edge position of the dimming cell (10), and the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules (131) in the dimming cell (10) are symmetrical about the middle position of the dimming cell (10); at a wide viewing angle, all the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) in the light modulation box (10) are in a standing posture.

6. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device according to claim 5, wherein the electrode portion (111c) is strip-shaped and corresponds to one column or one row of the pixel units; or the electrode parts (111c) are in a block shape and correspond to the pixel units one by one.

7. Switchable display device according to claim 5, characterized in that the liquid crystal molecules (131) are negative liquid crystal molecules, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) in the middle of the light modulation cell (10) is perpendicular to the first substrate (11), the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) in the edge position of the light modulation cell (10) and the first substrate (11) is 83 ° -90 °, and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules (131) in the light modulation cell (10) is symmetrical with respect to the middle of the light modulation cell (10).

8. Switchable display device according to claim 5, characterised in that the liquid crystal molecules (131) are positive liquid crystal molecules, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (131) and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) is at an angle of 0 ° to 7 ° to the first substrate (11), and the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules (131) within the dimming cell (10) is symmetrical with respect to the middle position of the dimming cell (10).

9. A switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the projections of the first viewing angle control electrode (111) and the second viewing angle control electrode (121) on the first substrate (11) coincide with each other.

10. A switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the display panel (20) is an OLED display panel, a Micro LED display panel or a liquid crystal display panel.