CN217453549U - Hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel of brazing - Google Patents
Hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel of brazing Download PDFInfo
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- CN217453549U CN217453549U CN202123282153.4U CN202123282153U CN217453549U CN 217453549 U CN217453549 U CN 217453549U CN 202123282153 U CN202123282153 U CN 202123282153U CN 217453549 U CN217453549 U CN 217453549U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond-impregnated wheel that brazes. The brazing diamond grinding wheel of the utility model comprises a grinding wheel base body, an alloy solder layer and a plurality of diamond particles, wherein the alloy solder layer is welded on the outer circular surface of the base body, and the bottoms of the diamond particles are fixed on the alloy solder layer and are brazed on the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel base body through the alloy solder layer; the coaxiality of the inner hole and the outer circle of the grinding wheel matrix is not more than 0.02mm, and the outline shape of the outer circle surface of the grinding wheel matrix is determined according to the processing requirement. The utility model discloses the diamond grinding wheel of brazing of preparation, when abrasive machining carbide and high-speed steel material, the grinding is stable, and is longe-lived, and the material surface is difficult for the burn, and the processing property is stable, is applied to the cutter trade that uses carbide and high-speed steel as the substrate, can effectively reduce the processing cutter cost, improves production efficiency, has higher economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a carbide and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond-impregnated wheel that brazes belongs to diamond instrument and makes the field.
Background
Hard alloy and high-speed steel materials are two common metal materials for preparing a cutter, in the process of processing the hard alloy and the high-speed steel into the cutter, the hard alloy and the high-speed steel are generally required to be subjected to excircle grinding processing or plane grinding rough processing, the grinding process is generally processed by a precise diamond grinding wheel, most of the common diamond grinding wheels are prepared by an electroplating diamond or brazing diamond process, and the brazing diamond grinding wheel has the advantages of high grinding efficiency and long service life, so in the fine processing and grinding of the cutter in recent years, the application of the diamond grinding wheel of the brazing process is remarkably increased, most of the common fields of the brazing diamond grinding wheel are stone processing or casting or composite material processing, the surface quality is not high, most of the diamond preparation with more than 40 meshes is required, and although the first processing of the hard alloy and the high-speed steel is rough processing, the surface quality is still far higher than that of the processing of other conventional materials, generally, the diamond particle size is required to be in the range of 60 mesh to 400 mesh. The brazing diamond tool prepared in the granularity interval has poor thickness of a brazing alloy layer and is not firmly held; diamond has improper density and is easy to burn or adhere; the diamond arrangement consistency is poor, and the influence on the product stability is large. The existence of the defects influences the exertion of the advantages of the brazing diamond tool, and a novel precise brazing diamond tool shape is needed to match and process hard alloy and high-speed steel materials.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To processing carbide and high-speed steel at present with the diamond grinding wheel that brazes short-lived, the performance is undulant big, easy burn scheduling problem, the utility model provides a novel carbide and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel that brazes.
The utility model provides a braze welding diamond grinding wheel for grinding hard alloy and high-speed steel, which comprises a grinding wheel matrix, a layer of alloy solder layer welded on the outer circular surface of the matrix and a plurality of diamond particles, wherein the bottoms of the diamond particles are fixed on the alloy solder layer and are brazed on the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel matrix through the alloy solder layer;
the grinding wheel base body structure is a rotary wheel disc-shaped structure with an inner hole in the center, the inner hole is arranged on a grinding shaft, the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel base body is a diamond distribution area, diamond particles are welded through an alloy solder layer, and the diamonds welded on the outer circular surface are used for grinding hard alloy and high-speed steel;
the coaxiality of an inner hole and an outer circle of the grinding wheel matrix is not more than 0.02mm, particularly not more than 0.015 mm;
the outline shape of the outer circle surface of the grinding wheel matrix is determined according to the processing requirement, the section of the outer circle outline consists of a plurality of straight line segments forming a certain included angle with the axis of the grinding wheel, and a transition fillet R between the line segments is not more than 0.5 mm; particularly, the straight line segment can be one or a plurality of straight line segments, and the included angle between each straight line segment and the axis of the grinding wheel can be any angle between 0 degree and 180 degrees.
The granularity range of the diamond is 50-400 meshes, and particularly, the diamond has better comprehensive grinding performance and applicability by adopting 50-80 meshes, 140-170 meshes and 200/230 meshes; the distance D1 between the diamond particles is 0.1-0.9 times of the average grain diameter D' of the diamond; the diamond used on the surface of the same grinding wheel product has the grain diameter difference of the diamond grain diameter D of not more than 15 percent, particularly not more than 10 percent;
the alloy solder adopted when the diamond particles are welded on the outer circular surface is BNi 2-grade nickel-based alloy solder, and the average embedding depth L of the melted diamond particles is 30-40% of the average particle size D' of the diamond;
the lower end of the diamond is embedded by the alloy solder, and the solder alloy can generate certain climbing along the side surface of the diamond, the climbing height is not more than 60% of the average grain diameter D ', in particular, the climbing height is not more than 50% of the average grain diameter D'.
The following embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail.
In general, diamond has a high affinity for carbon in steel materials, and thus, the diamond tool is likely to be stuck and burned when machining steel materials. Because the hard alloy and the high-speed steel have high hardness and high rigidity, the brittleness is higher than that of common steel materials, the cutting scraps are small and are not easy to form a belt shape due to breakage when the diamond tool is used for processing the materials, and the diamond tool has a higher chip removal effect. This machining capability is very much to be guaranteed by a better diamond tool topography.
First, the product precision of grinding wheels for grinding carbide and high speed steel tools must be very high, otherwise machining fluctuations are very easy to occur, and local over-grinding is prone to burn. Therefore, the coaxiality of the inner hole and the outer circle of the product is not more than 0.02mm under the general condition, and particularly, the coaxiality is not more than 0.015mm for further ensuring the grinding precision and prolonging the grinding service life.
The hard alloy and high-speed steel tool is various, the shape and the structure of the tool are also various, but the part processed by the diamond grinding wheel is generally an excircle profile or a certain plane, so the excircle of the corresponding diamond grinding wheel is modeled based on the grinding profile, and is mostly a direct part or a plurality of direct splices (called segment differences in the industry), and because the R angle of the part of the tool splicing line is generally small or has no R angle, the R angle of the grinding wheel at the position can not be larger than R0.5, so as to avoid the processing shape from being inconsistent with the requirements.
The diamond grinding wheel processed hard alloy and high-speed steel are mostly applied to the processing of the rough grinding procedure, but the quality requirement of the processed surface of the cutter is higher, so the granularity range of the adopted diamond is 50-400 meshes, and particularly, the adopted diamond is 50-80 meshes, 140-170 meshes and 200/230 meshes, so that the diamond grinding wheel has better comprehensive grinding performance and applicability.
In order to ensure that the diamond on the surface of the grinding wheel is well brazed and the performance is stable, BNi 2-brand nickel-based alloy brazing filler metal is adopted, and each diamond is firmly held after being melted.
As mentioned above, the most critical part of the brazed diamond grinding wheel is how to ensure long grinding life and stable grinding performance during grinding, which puts high demands on diamond parameters and welding process, and it is very important to maintain consistency and density of diamond welding morphology. Firstly, after welding the diamond, the surface of the diamond needs to be clean and free of residual solder to cover, the average embedding depth L of the diamond after the solder is melted is not less than 30% of the average grain diameter D 'of the diamond and not more than 40% of the average grain diameter D' of the diamond, the diamond is too low to be easily cut off due to the influence of shearing force, the diamond is too high, the heat dissipation and chip removal space is too small, and the surface of the diamond is easily adhered by abrasive dust and burns the surface of a workpiece.
The spacing D1 between the diamond particles is also a very critical parameter, and the spacing D1 between the diamond particles determines the diamond density of the wheel surface, which is a greater density than conventional diamond wheels for carbide and high speed steel machining, so that the grinding load of a single abrasive particle is relatively low and the temperature of the grinding zone is lower, in which case the possibility of grinding burns is reduced due to the finer grit of the carbide and high speed steel. The diamond distance D1 is 0.1-0.9 times of the average diameter D' of diamond.
The diamond used on the surface of the same abrasive wheel product has a diamond grain size D which differs by no more than 15%, in particular by no more than 10%. The method mainly increases the dynamic effective abrasive grain number on the surface of the brazed diamond grinding wheel as much as possible, and prevents the influence on grinding efficiency or grinding burn caused by too few diamonds actually participating in grinding.
The lower end of the diamond is embedded by the alloy solder, and the solder alloy generates certain climbing along the side surface of the diamond, the climbing height L1 is not more than 60% of the average grain diameter D 'of the diamond at most, and particularly, the climbing height L1 is not more than 50% of the average grain diameter D' of the diamond. The solder alloy can generate chemical metallurgical reaction with the surface of the diamond, which is the reason why the diamond is firmly held, but if the process is improper, the solder alloy excessively climbs, which can cover too high along the side surface of the diamond and even climbs to the top end of the diamond, and the solder alloy and metal materials such as hard alloy, high-speed steel and the like are easy to adhere under the high-speed friction state, which can cause premature failure of products, so that the side surface of a single diamond cannot climb too high.
The utility model discloses the diamond grinding wheel of brazing of preparation, when abrasive machining carbide and high-speed steel material, the grinding is stable, and is longe-lived, and the material surface is difficult for the burn, and the processing property is stable, is applied to the cutter trade that uses carbide and high-speed steel as the substrate, can effectively reduce the processing cutter cost, improves production efficiency, has higher economic benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural section view of the brazed diamond grinding wheel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the external surface topography of the brazed diamond grinding wheel of the utility model.
In fig. 1 and 2, each is labeled: 1 diamond cloth area, 2 inner holes, 3 grinding wheel matrix, 4 diamond particles and 5 alloy solder layers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The present invention includes various alternatives and modifications based on the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the art, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment example 1
The outer circle rough grinding wheel for grinding hard alloy cutter has outer diameter of 150, inner hole of 32 and thickness of 15 and is used in outer circle grinding.
The design is as follows according to the requirement: because the hard alloy cutter material is harder and the grinding characteristic is closer to the grinding of hard and brittle materials, the high-efficiency and long-life processing can be realized by the scheme of larger granularity and larger density.
The grinding wheel matrix is integrally and precisely turned by No. 45 steel, and the inner hole precision is 0-0.02 mm; the coaxiality of the outer circle and the inner hole is +/-0.02 mm;
yellow river cyclone HHD90 grade 50/60 mesh diamonds are selected, and the average distance of the diamonds is 0.3-0.4 time of the average particle size of the diamonds (under the state of large particle size, the diamonds are arranged tightly at intervals of 0.5-0.7 time). BNi2 alloy solder is selected as the solder, the average embedding thickness is 30-40%, and the climbing height of the solder on the side surface of the diamond is not more than 50%.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment example 2
A diamond grinding wheel with segment difference for grinding hard alloy tool is composed of external diameter 100, internal hole 25.4, external diameter 12, inclined plane 15 deg, and inclined plane width 10 mm.
The design is as follows according to the requirement: because the hard alloy cutter material is harder and the grinding characteristic is closer to the grinding of hard and brittle materials, the high-efficiency and long-life processing can be realized by the scheme of larger granularity and larger density. And because the grinding surface has high requirements and the grinding marks need to be reduced as much as possible under the copying grinding, and the copying grinding load is not easy to be stably and uniformly distributed, the diamond granularity is selected to be about 150 meshes.
The grinding wheel matrix is integrally and precisely turned by No. 45 steel, and the inner hole precision is 0-0.02 mm; the coaxiality of the outer circle and the inner hole is +/-0.015 mm.
The method is characterized in that yellow river cyclone HFD-D grade 140/170-mesh diamonds are selected, and the average spacing of the diamonds is selected to be 0.1-0.3 times of the average particle size of the diamonds. BNi2 alloy solder is selected as the solder, the average embedding thickness is 30-40%, and the climbing height of the solder on the side surface of the diamond is not more than 50%.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment example 3
The inclined plane diamond grinding wheel for precisely grinding the high-speed steel cutter is required to be 100 in outer diameter, 25.4 in an inner hole, 4mm in excircle width, 45 degrees in inclined plane inclination angle and 15mm in inclined plane width, and is used for precisely grinding the molded surface of the high-speed steel cutter.
The design is as follows according to the requirement: because the high-speed steel cutter material has certain toughness relative to the hard alloy cutter, has stronger grinding adhesion to diamond, but has higher grinding precision requirement, the scheme of ensuring the surface quality and the density to be medium by fine granularity can achieve the processing with high efficiency and long service life. And because of this, the diamond grain size is about 230 meshes.
The grinding wheel matrix is integrally and precisely turned by No. 45 steel, and the inner hole precision is 0-0.02 mm; the coaxiality of the outer circle and the inner hole is +/-0.015 mm.
The method is characterized in that yellow river cyclone HFD-D grade 200/230-mesh diamonds are selected, and the average spacing of the diamonds is selected to be 0.3-0.5 times of the average particle size of the diamonds. BNi2 alloy solder is selected as the solder, the average embedding thickness is 30-40%, and the climbing height of the solder on the side surface of the diamond is not more than 60%.
Claims (6)
1. The brazing diamond grinding wheel for grinding the hard alloy and the high-speed steel is characterized in that: the brazing diamond grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body (3), an alloy solder layer (5) welded on the outer circular surface of the base body and a plurality of diamond particles (4), wherein the bottoms of the diamond particles (4) are fixed on the alloy solder layer (5) and are brazed on the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel base body (3) through the alloy solder layer (5);
the grinding wheel matrix structure is a rotary wheel disc-shaped structure with an inner hole (2) in the center, the inner hole is arranged on a grinding shaft, and the outer circular surface of the grinding wheel matrix is a diamond distribution area (1);
the coaxiality of the inner hole and the outer circle of the grinding wheel matrix is not more than 0.02 mm;
the section of the excircle profile of the grinding wheel matrix consists of a plurality of straight line segments forming a certain included angle with the axis of the grinding wheel, and the transition fillet R between the line segments is not more than 0.5 mm;
the diamond particle size range is 50-400 meshes, and the distance D1 between diamond particles is 0.1-0.9 times of the average particle size D' of the diamond; the diamond used on the surface of the same grinding wheel product has the grain diameter difference of the diamond grain diameter D not more than 15 percent;
the alloy solder adopted when the diamond particles are welded on the outer circular surface is BNi 2-grade nickel-based alloy solder, and the average embedding depth L of the melted diamond particles is 30-40% of the average particle size D' of the diamond;
the lower end of the diamond is embedded by the solder alloy, and the climbing height of the solder alloy along the side surface of the diamond is not more than 60% of the average grain diameter D' of the diamond.
2. The brazed diamond abrasive wheel according to claim 1, wherein the inner bore of the grinding wheel body is not more than 0.015mm coaxial with the outer circumference.
3. The brazed diamond grinding wheel for grinding of hard metal and high speed steel according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the outer contour of the grinding wheel body is composed of one or more straight line segments forming an angle with the axis of the grinding wheel, and each line segment forms an angle with the axis of the grinding wheel of any angle between 0 and 180 degrees.
4. The brazed diamond wheel according to claim 1, wherein the diamond grit is 50-80 mesh, 140-170 mesh or 200/230 mesh.
5. The brazed diamond grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the diamond grains used in the surface of the same wheel product have a grain size D of no more than 10%.
6. The brazed diamond abrasive wheel according to claim 1, wherein the braze alloy has a height of rise along the diamond side surface of no more than 50% of the average diamond grain size D'.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123282153.4U CN217453549U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel of brazing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123282153.4U CN217453549U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel of brazing |
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| CN217453549U true CN217453549U (en) | 2022-09-20 |
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| CN202123282153.4U Active CN217453549U (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Hard alloy and high-speed steel grinding are with diamond grinding wheel of brazing |
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- 2021-12-24 CN CN202123282153.4U patent/CN217453549U/en active Active
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