CN217453275U

CN217453275U - Deburring equipment

Info

Publication number: CN217453275U
Application number: CN202220273781.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶猛; 刘庆朋
Original assignee: BMW Brilliance Automotive Ltd
Current assignee: BMW Brilliance Automotive Ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-10
Filing date: 2022-02-10
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-10

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a deburring apparatus for deburring a surface of a workpiece, the deburring apparatus including a first table and a second table defining therebetween a working area in which the workpiece conveyed in a workpiece conveying direction is subjected to deburring, each of the first table and the second table including a plurality of first brushes and a plurality of second brushes that are rotatable, a rotation axis of the first brush, a rotation axis of the second brush, and the workpiece conveying direction being perpendicular to each other.

Description

Deburring equipment

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a deburring apparatus for removing burrs on a workpiece.

Background

Deburring is a widely used process in the field of modern machining. In particular, in the production of automobiles, deburring of engine cylinder heads is of critical importance.

The engine cylinder head is one of the most important structural components of an automotive engine. In the machining process, if burrs on the cylinder cover cannot be removed completely, serious problems can be caused to the engine. For example, if a burr falls into the main gallery hole, it may flow into the hydraulic tappet holes with the oil. After oil enters the hydraulic tappet bore, burrs may block the hydraulic tappet, resulting in camshaft lock failure and failure of the oil control valve. If the burrs fall off in the assembling process and fall on the cylinder gasket, air leakage, oil leakage, water leakage, oil-water mixing and other phenomena of the engine can be caused, and the serious problems of engine power reduction, excessive discharge and even failure and the like can be caused. Therefore, the precision required for deburring the cylinder head is high.

In the prior art, a multi-axis machining center is often used to deburr the cylinder head. The deburring process is performed according to the conventional apparatus as described below with reference to fig. 3A and 3B. As shown in fig. 3A, the deburring apparatus 10 includes a machine tool rotating table 11, a machine tool spindle 12, and a brush 13. The cylinder cover 1 is clamped on a machine tool rotating workbench 11, a brush 13 is loaded on a machine tool spindle 12 and rotates along with the spindle, the machine tool spindle 12 can move close to and away from the cylinder cover 1 in three dimensions under the driving of a controller and a servo motor, so that when the cylinder cover 1 is deburred, bristles on the brush 13 invade the surface of the cylinder cover 1, and the burrs on the surface of the cylinder cover 1 are removed under the rotating action of the brush 13. When the deburring work for one surface of the cylinder head 1 is finished as shown in fig. 3A, the machine tool rotary table 11 is controlled to be turned over by 180 ° so that the other surface of the cylinder head 1 is perpendicular to the machine tool spindle 12, and the same deburring process is repeated as shown in fig. 3B.

In the deburring device in the prior art, the machine tool rotary table 11 needs to be controlled to turn over after the burrs on one surface of the cylinder head 1 are removed to remove the burrs on the other surface of the cylinder head 1, so that the machining time is increased, and in the prior art, an expensive multi-axis numerical control machining center machine tool is often adopted to perform deburring operation, so that the numerical control machining center machine tool cannot perform other machining during deburring, the mass production machining time is wasted, the production machining rhythm is influenced, and the machining cost is increased.

In addition, after a certain number of cylinder heads are deburred, the bristles are often worn, resulting in a reduced deburring effect.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a depth measurement device that overcomes at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a deburring apparatus for deburring a surface of a workpiece, the deburring apparatus including a first table and a second table located on both sides of the workpiece, each of the first table and the second table including a plurality of first brushes and a plurality of second brushes that are rotatable, a rotation axis of the first brushes, a rotation axis of the second brushes, and a workpiece conveying direction being perpendicular to each other two by two.

Preferably, the plurality of first brushes includes first and second groups of first brushes alternately arranged in the workpiece conveying direction, and the first and second groups of first brushes rotate in opposite directions.

Preferably, the plurality of second brushes includes a first group of second brushes and a second group of second brushes alternately arranged in the workpiece conveying direction, and the rotation directions of the first group of second brushes and the second group of second brushes are opposite.

Preferably, the deburring apparatus further includes a controller configured to automatically activate the deburring apparatus when the workpiece reaches a predetermined position upstream of the first and second tables in the workpiece conveying direction.

Preferably, the controller is further configured to stop the deburring apparatus when the workpiece reaches a predetermined position downstream of the first table and the second table in the workpiece conveying direction.

Preferably, the deburring device further comprises a slide rail, the first workbench and the second workbench can move along the slide rail between a standby position and a deburring position in a back-to-back manner, and the distance between the first workbench and the second workbench in the standby position is greater than the distance between the first workbench and the second workbench in the deburring position.

Preferably, the deburring apparatus further comprises a controller and a counter, the counter being configured to count the workpieces subjected to the deburring operation, the controller being configured to reduce the distance between the first and second tables at the deburring position after deburring each pair of a predetermined number of workpieces to compensate for wear of the bristles of the first and second brushes.

Preferably, the controller is further configured to issue a warning instruction when the count value of the counter reaches a predetermined threshold value, informing the user that a new bristle should be replaced.

Preferably, the controller is further configured to reduce the distance between the first and second tables at the deburring position by:

y _n ＝y _n-1 -((a-b)/c(-y _n-1 )+b)；

wherein:

n refers to the number of compensations;

y _n refers to the moving distance of the first workbench and the second workbench at the nth compensation;

y _n-1 refers to the moving distance of the first workbench and the second workbench at the n-1 compensation time;

a refers to the expected amount of wear of the bristles at the last compensation compared to the last compensation;

b refers to the expected amount of wear of the bristles at the first compensation;

c refers to the expected maximum cumulative amount of wear of the bristles.

Drawings

Various aspects of the disclosure will be better understood upon reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a deburring apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a deburring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a prior art deburring apparatus;

FIG. 3B is a perspective view of a prior art deburring apparatus;

fig. 4A is a schematic view showing the inclination of the burr in one direction;

fig. 4B is a schematic view showing the inclination of the burr in another direction.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, the embodiments described below are intended to provide a more complete disclosure of the present disclosure, and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It is also to be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide further additional embodiments. Furthermore, the drawings are only schematic and illustrate embodiments and are not necessarily to scale.

It should be understood that like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the several views. The terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the specification have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. Well-known functions or constructions may not be described in detail for brevity and/or clarity.

A deburring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

Fig. 1 is a partial perspective view of a deburring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a top view of a deburring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the deburring apparatus 100 includes two tables 101, a servo motor 102, a controller 103, and a slide rail 104. The tables 101 are provided in pairs on the slide rails 104, and are movable along the slide rails 104 in the Y direction shown in fig. 1 toward and away from each other between a standby position and a deburring position. When the tables 101 are in the standby position, the two tables 101 are spaced far apart, and when the tables 101 are in the deburring position, the two tables 101 are spaced close apart. A servo motor 102 is connected to the table 101 for powering the table 101. A controller 103 is connected to the servo motor 102 and the table 101 for controlling the operation of the various components of the deburring apparatus.

The X, Y and Z directions are shown in fig. 1 and 2. The X direction is a conveying direction of a workpiece such as a cylinder head, and the Y direction is a moving direction of the table 101. The X-direction and the Y-direction are both located in a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The Z direction is perpendicular to the XY plane and is a vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 1, the tables 101 are provided in pairs, have flat surfaces 111 opposed to each other and define a working area between the surfaces 111. The surface 111 is parallel to the XZ plane. The left-side table 101 will be described below as an example, and the same description applies to the right-side table 101.

The table 101 is provided with a plurality of roller brushes 112 as a first brush and a plurality of straight brushes 113 as a second brush. The roller brush 112 is cylindrical, is provided on a roller brush support 114 extending perpendicularly from the surface 111 in the Y direction, and is rotatable about an axis provided on the roller brush support 114, and the rotation axis of the roller brush 112 is parallel to the Z direction. The roller brush 112 includes a cylindrical body and bristles covering the cylindrical periphery of the body. The bristles are typically made of a nylon mixed abrasive and have a length of 30mm or more. Preferably the diameter of the roller brush 112 is 150 mm. In the present embodiment, 4 roller brushes 112 are arranged in the X direction on each table 101. The 4 roller brushes 112 include 2 first group roller brushes 1121 and 2 second group roller brushes 1122, and the first group roller brushes 1121 and the second group roller brushes 1122 are alternately arranged in the X direction, as shown in fig. 2. During operation, the first and second sets of roller brushes 1121, 1122 rotate in opposite directions. In the present embodiment, when viewed from the top down along the Z-axis, as shown in fig. 2, the first group 1121 of the left table 101 rotates in the clockwise direction, and the second group 1122 of the left table rotates in the counterclockwise direction. It should be understood herein that the number and the rotation direction of the roller brushes 112 are not limited to the above description, and the number of the roller brushes 112 provided per the work table 101 may be more or less than 4. The number and the rotation direction of the first and second sets of

rollers

1121, 1122 are also not limited to the above description, and for example, only one first set of

rollers

1121, 1122 may be provided per one work table 101.

The straight brush 113 is cylindrical, is provided on a straight brush support 115 extending perpendicularly from the surface 111 in the Y direction, and is rotatable about an axis provided on the straight brush support 115, and the rotation axis of the straight brush 113 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The straight brush 113 includes a cylindrical body and bristles extending from the distal end of the body in the Y direction. Bristles are typically made of nylon mixed abrasive and have a length of 30mm or more. On the side facing the workpiece, the Y-direction ends of the bristles of the straight brush 113 are substantially flush with the Y-direction ends of the bristles of the roller brush 112 in the Y-direction. Preferably the diameter of the straight brush 113 is 120 mm. In the present embodiment, three rows of straight brushes 113, i.e., upper, middle, and lower rows, are arranged in the Z direction on each table 101. Wherein, the upper row and the lower row are respectively provided with 4 straight brushes 113 along the X direction, and the middle row is provided with 2 straight brushes 113 along the X direction. The straight brushes 113 in the upper and lower rows comprise 2 first set of straight brushes 1131 and 2 second set of straight brushes 1132, the straight brushes 113 in the middle row comprise 1 first set of

straight brushes

1131 and 1 second set of straight brushes 1132, and the first set of straight brushes 1131 and the second set of straight brushes 1132 are alternately arranged in the X direction, as shown in fig. 2. During operation, the first and second sets of

straight brushes

1131, 1132 rotate in opposite directions. In this embodiment, the first set of straight brushes 1131 rotate in a counterclockwise direction and the second set of straight brushes 1132 rotate in a clockwise direction when viewed from left to right along the Y-axis, as shown in figure 2. It should be understood that the number and the rotating direction of the straight brushes 113 are not limited to the above description, and the number of the straight brushes 113 provided per the table 101 may be more or less than 10. According to the present embodiment, each table 101 is provided with 4 roller brushes 112 and 10 straight brushes 113, which enables the deburring apparatus 100 to be applied to a wider range of cylinder heads.

The cylinder head 1 is disposed on a conveyor (not shown), such as a conveyor belt, between the work tables 101. Specifically, a jig is fixed to the lower portion of the cylinder head 1, and the jig is provided on the conveyor. The jig is provided with chips corresponding to the respective cylinder heads 1. When the cylinder head 1 and the jig are conveyed to a predetermined position upstream of the table 101 in the X direction, the chip can be sensed by a sensor (not shown) of the deburring apparatus, the sensor sends a sensing signal to the controller 103, and the controller can automatically start the deburring apparatus to perform the deburring work. When the cylinder head 1 passes through the working area of the deburring apparatus 100 to reach a predetermined position downstream of the table 101 in the X direction, another sensor senses the chip on the jig, the other sensor sends a sensing signal to the controller 103, and the controller 103 can stop the deburring work by the deburring apparatus. It should be understood that the method of triggering the start and stop of the deburring apparatus is not limited to sensors and chips, but may also employ, for example, optical sensors, mechanical buttons, and the like.

The procedure of the deburring work is described below.

When the cylinder head 1 is conveyed by the conveyor to a predetermined position upstream in the X direction of the table 101, the sensor of the deburring apparatus senses the chip on the jig, the sensor sends a sensing signal to the controller 103, and the controller 103 issues a command to the servomotor 102 to automatically start the deburring apparatus to perform the deburring work. At this time, the two tables 101 slide from both sides along the slide rails 104 in the Y direction so as to approach each other until reaching the deburring position. In the deburring position, the distance between the Y-direction ends of the brush bristles of the roller brushes 112 of the both-side tables 101 is smaller than the thickness of the cylinder head 1, so that the brush bristles of the both-side tables 101 can intrude into the surface of the cylinder head 1 to remove burrs on the cylinder head 1 when the cylinder head 1 passes through the work. The amount of intrusion of the brush staples into the surface of the cylinder head is preferably 0.5 mm. If the invasion amount of the brush bristles is too small, burrs on the surface of the cylinder cover are not easy to remove completely; conversely, if the amount of bristle penetration is too great, the bristles will wear too quickly.

In the deburring position, the roller brush 112 and the straight brush 113 on the table 101 are both rotated at a predetermined speed and direction by the servo motor 102. As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, when viewed from the top down along the Z-axis, the first group 1121 of the left table 101 rotates in the clockwise direction, and the second group 1122 of the roller brushes rotates in the counterclockwise direction. When viewed from left to right along the Y-axis, the first set of straight brushes 1131 rotate in a counterclockwise direction and the second set of straight brushes 1132 rotate in a clockwise direction. The advantages of this arrangement are described below with reference to fig. 4A and 4B.

As shown in fig. 4A, when the brush rotates in the R direction (counterclockwise direction), the burrs on the surface of the cylinder head 1 tend to be inclined rightward by the bristles. As shown in fig. 4B, when the brush rotates in the R' direction (clockwise direction), the burrs on the surface of the cylinder head 1 tend to be inclined to the left by the bristles. When all brushes are rotated in only one direction, the burr may simply tilt and not be removed. When the adjacent brushes (e.g., the first and second sets of roller brushes 1121, 1122) are rotated in opposite directions as described in the present embodiment, the burrs are subjected to forces in opposite directions immediately after being inclined in one direction, and thus are more easily removed from the surface of the cylinder head 1.

In the deburring process, both opposite surfaces of the cylinder head 1 are deburred by the bristles of the left and right side tables 101. Since the roller brush 112 and the straight brush 113 having the rotation directions perpendicular to each other are provided, the burrs on the surface of the cylinder head 1 can be subjected to the acting force in all directions, thereby facilitating the removal of the burrs. In addition, because the deburring operation is simultaneously carried out on the surfaces of the two sides of the cylinder cover in one-time processing, the production efficiency is improved.

When the cylinder head 1 passes through the working area of the deburring device 100 to reach a predetermined position downstream of the table 101 in the X direction, another sensor senses a chip on the jig, the other sensor sends a sensing signal to the controller 103, and the controller 103 issues a command to the servo motor 102 to stop the deburring work by the deburring device. At this time, the two tables 101 slide away from each other in the Y direction along the slide rails 104 from both sides until the standby position is reached, and the roller brush 112 and the straight brush 113 on the tables 101 stop rotating. Preferably, a counter (not shown) is integrated in the controller 103. When the deburring work for one cylinder head is completed, the count of the counter is increased by 1.

As described above, after the deburring work is performed on a certain number of cylinder heads, the bristles are worn, resulting in a deterioration in the deburring effect. In view of this, the present embodiment adopts a method of compensating for wear.

After the deburring work is performed for each predetermined number (10 in the present embodiment, and other numbers are also possible) of cylinder heads, compensation is performed in the next deburring work so that the deburring positions of the tables 101 are closer to each other in order to compensate for the wear of the bristles, that is, the tables 101 are additionally moved closer to each other by a compensation moving distance in order to compensate for the wear of the bristles than the deburring positions where compensation is not performed. In this embodiment, the compensation movement distance y of the stage is changed according to the following formula:

y _n ＝y _n-1 -((a-b)/c(-y _n-1 )+b)；

wherein the variables have the following meanings:

n refers to the number of compensations;

y _n refers to the moving distance at the nth compensation;

y _n-1 refers to the moving distance at the n-1 compensation;

b refers to the expected wear amount of the bristles at the first compensation;

c refers to the expected maximum cumulative amount of wear of the bristles.

It is conceivable that the stiffness of the end portions of the bristles is higher as the length of the bristles is smaller and smaller due to wear, so that over time the bristle will wear less and less at each compensation than expected from the last compensation, so a < b.

In the case of new bristles which have not been used, when the deburring operation is performed on the first cylinder head 1, since the bristles are not worn at this time, there is no need to perform a compensating movement, n is 0, y ₀ ＝0。

It is contemplated that a, b, c may be set as desired for a particular application. In this example, the calculation is performed by taking an example of a being 0.001mm, b being 0.025mm, and c being 15 mm. By substituting it into the formula _n ＝y _n-1 -(-0.001*y _n-1 +0.025)(mm)

After deburring 10 cylinder heads in total, the 1 st compensation is performed, and the moving distance y of the 1 st compensation ₁ ＝y ₀ -(-0.001*y ₀ +0.025 to-0.025 (mm). Where y is _n The third bits after the decimal point and all negative values in this embodiment indicate that the stages 101 perform motion compensation close to each other.

After the deburring operation is carried out on the total of 20 cylinder heads, the 2 nd compensation is carried out, and the moving distance y of the 2 nd compensation ₂ ＝y ₁ -(-0.001*y ₁ +0.025)＝-0.049(mm)。

After deburring of 30 cylinder heads in total, the 3 rd compensation is carried out, and the moving distance y of the 3 rd compensation ₃ ＝y ₂ -(-0.001*y ₂ +0.025) — 0.073(mm), and so on.

Compensating the movement distance y in the last compensation operation _n -15(mm), the bristles reach the expected maximum cumulative wear. The controller sends an alarm instruction to inform the user that the bristles should be replaced with new bristles.

In this example, y may be pre-computed according to the above iterative process _n The size of n at-15 mm is used as a threshold. When the count counted by the counter in the controller 103 reaches the threshold, the bristles reach the expected maximum cumulative wear amount. The controller sends an alarm instruction to inform the user that the bristles should be replaced with new bristles. Alternatively, a warning instruction may be issued when a predetermined count value less than the threshold is reached, informing the user that a new bristle is to be replaced or that preparation for replacement of the bristle is to be made.

Through the control process, the deburring equipment disclosed by the invention can timely compensate the abrasion of the bristles and remind a user of timely replacing the brush, so that the effect of removing the burrs on the surface of the workpiece is ensured.

One embodiment of the present disclosure is described above, but it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, although it is described above that the workpiece is conveyed in the X direction and the table is moved back and forth in the Y direction to approach and separate from the workpiece from the left and right sides, it is also conceivable that the workpiece is conveyed in the X direction and the table is moved back and forth in the Z direction to approach and separate from the workpiece from the upper and lower sides, achieving similar effects. Furthermore, although the above description has been made with a cylinder head as an example, the present application is not limited to use with cylinder heads, but may be applied to other products having surfaces to be deburred.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous variations and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims. The disclosure is defined by the following claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included therein.

Claims

1. A deburring apparatus for deburring surfaces of workpieces, characterized by comprising a first table and a second table defining therebetween a working area in which workpieces conveyed in a workpiece conveying direction are subjected to deburring, each of the first table and the second table comprising a plurality of first brushes and a plurality of second brushes which are rotatable, the rotational axis of the first brushes, the rotational axis of the second brushes and the workpiece conveying direction being perpendicular to each other.

2. The deburring apparatus of claim 1, wherein said plurality of first brushes comprises first and second sets of first brushes arranged alternately in the workpiece transport direction, the first and second sets of first brushes having opposite rotational directions.

3. The deburring apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein said plurality of second brushes comprises a first group of second brushes and a second group of second brushes arranged alternately in the workpiece conveying direction, the rotation directions of said first group of second brushes and said second group of second brushes being opposite.

4. The deburring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller configured to activate the deburring apparatus when the workpiece reaches a predetermined position upstream of the first and second tables in the workpiece transport direction.

5. The deburring apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to stop the deburring apparatus when the workpiece reaches a predetermined position downstream of the first and second tables in the workpiece conveying direction.

6. The deburring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a slide rail along which said first and second tables are movable toward and away from each other between a standby position and a deburring position, a distance between said first and second tables being greater in said standby position than in said deburring position.