CN217429974U - Novel endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel endoscope, which comprises a shell, a traction wire and a traction mechanism which are positioned in the shell and a guide pipe which is positioned at the far end of the shell, wherein one end of a plurality of traction wires is connected with the traction mechanism, the other end of the traction wire is connected with the far end of the guide pipe, the guide pipe is provided with an instrument channel which is axially communicated and used for penetrating functional instruments, and the surface of the shell is provided with an operation hole which is communicated with the interior of the shell; the traction mechanism comprises a driving handle and one or more warping plates arranged along the axial direction of the shell, the driving handle is positioned at the near end of the shell, each warping plate is in one-to-one correspondence and is rotatably connected with a fixed shaft, and two ends of each warping plate are respectively connected with a traction line; the driving handle can press one end of the wane to enable the corresponding traction wire to pull the guide tube. The utility model can be used for minimally invasive surgery only by matching with common surgical forceps, thereby greatly reducing the surgical cost.

Description

Novel endoscope

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, especially, relate to a novel endoscope.

Background

In the minimally invasive surgery in the prior art, surgical instruments penetrate through an endoscope or an enteroscope to perform surgical operation, but the endoscope or the enteroscope in the prior art is complex in structure and high in purchase cost, only has the function of providing a clamping channel, and can be operated only by being matched with multifunctional surgical instruments, so that the cost of the minimally invasive surgery is high, the difficulty of the surgical operation is increased, and therefore, an endoscope structure which is simple in structure and suitable for more simple surgical instruments needs to be designed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problems that the endoscope in the prior art has a complex structure and can only be operated by being matched with multifunctional surgical instruments, the minimally invasive surgery is high in cost and high in difficulty of the surgical operation, the utility model provides a novel endoscope for solving the problems.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a novel endoscope comprises a shell, traction wires and a traction mechanism which are positioned in the shell, and a guide tube which is positioned at the far end of the shell, wherein one end of each of the traction wires is connected with the traction mechanism, the other end of each of the traction wires is connected with the far end of the guide tube, the guide tube is provided with an instrument channel which penetrates through the guide tube along the axial direction and is used for penetrating functional instruments, and the surface of the shell is provided with an operation hole which is communicated with the interior of the shell; the traction mechanism can pull one or more traction lines to enable the distal end of the guide tube to bend towards a corresponding direction, the traction mechanism comprises a driving handle and one or more warping plates arranged along the axial direction of the shell, the driving handle is positioned at the proximal end of the shell, each warping plate is rotatably connected with a fixed shaft in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and two ends of each warping plate are respectively connected with one traction line; the driving handle can press one end of the wane to enable the corresponding traction wire to pull the guide tube.

Furthermore, the guide tube is a snake bone, and the traction wire is fixed on the inner wall of the snake bone.

Furthermore, the guide tube is a five-cavity tube, four traction wires are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction, and traction channels corresponding to the four traction wires one to one are further arranged in the five-cavity tube.

Furthermore, a guide assembly is arranged between the driving handle and the wane, the guide assembly comprises ejector rod groups distributed around the central axis of the shell and one or more guide plates for the ejector rod groups to pass through, and the guide plates are fixedly connected with the shell; each group of ejector rod groups consists of two ejector rods, and the two ejector rods in the same group of ejector rod groups are respectively abutted against two ends of the same wane; every the upper end and the driving handle butt of ejector pin, driving handle is through pressing the ejector pin so that corresponding wane is rotatory.

Further, the driving handle comprises a supporting cap, a rotating cap and a pressure shaft, and the supporting cap is fixedly connected with the shell; the rotary cap is covered on the upper surface of the support cap, the contact surface of the support cap and the rotary cap is a spherical surface, and the rotary cap is provided with an accommodating cavity suitable for accommodating a pressure shaft; the surface of the supporting cap contacting with the rotating cap is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves, the rotating cap is limited in the shell, so that the containing cavity is abutted against one end of the pressure shaft, and the other end of the pressure shaft is abutted against the limiting grooves.

Furthermore, the guide assembly further comprises guide sleeves in one-to-one correspondence with the ejector rods, the guide sleeves are connected with at least one of the guide plates, return springs are arranged in the guide sleeves, the upper ends of the return springs are abutted to the ejector rods, and the lower ends of the return springs are abutted to the guide sleeves.

Further, the centers of the guide plate and the fixed shaft are provided with through holes for functional instruments to pass through.

Furthermore, each rocker is rotatably connected with two locking shafts, and the two traction wires are respectively wound on the corresponding locking shafts; the locking shaft connected with the same rocker is arranged in parallel with the fixed shaft, the rocker is also movably connected with a positioning block, and when the positioning block is separated from the locking shaft, the locking shaft can rotate; when the locating piece and the clamping of locking axle, the locating piece can restrict locking axle circumferential direction and rotate.

Furthermore, one end of the locking shaft is provided with a gear, the side surface of the rocker is provided with a slot for inserting a positioning block, and when the positioning block is inserted into the slot, the positioning block can be meshed with the gear.

The utility model has the advantages that:

(1) novel endoscope simple structure, be used for wearing to establish the apparatus passageway of functional instrument through setting up on the stand pipe, make the art person can pass through handle hole operating function apparatus, simultaneously the endoscope still has the crooked function of control stand pipe, through the crooked control function apparatus orientation assigned direction of stand pipe, as long as cooperate the operation pincers commonly used can carry out the minimal access surgery to greatly reduced operation cost.

(2) The utility model discloses utilize the reverse motion of wane control both ends pull wire, when the pull wire of one end descends, the pull wire of the other end can rise, and the motion mutually noninterfere of different wanes need not all connect on same part with all pull wires, the dead phenomenon of pull wire card can not appear.

(3) The utility model discloses a rotatory locking of locking axle makes the pull wire tight, and when initial assembly, the pull wire can keep the lax state, and readjustment locking axle makes the pull wire tight after the transportation is accomplished, effectively avoids the pull wire fracture in the transportation to also can independently adjust the elasticity of pull wire after long-term the use.

Drawings

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the novel endoscope of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken at a in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 2 at b;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at c of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at e of FIG. 2;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the novel endoscope of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view taken at d in FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is an exploded view of the drive handle of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a guide plate, 2, a mandril, 3, a guide sleeve, 4, a return spring, 5, a guide tube, 501, an instrument channel, 6, a through hole, 7, a guide component, 8, a rotating cap, 9, a wane, 901, a threading hole, 902, a slot, 10, a fixed shaft, 11, a traction line, 12, a fixed seat, 13, a shell, 1301, an operation hole, 14, a abdicating groove, 15, a baffle, 16, a limiting hole, 17, a limiting pin, 18, a locking shaft, 1801, a gear, 19, a positioning block, 20, a supporting cap, 21, a limiting groove, 22, a pressure shaft, 2201, a limiting boss, 23, an extrusion spring, 24, a thumb handle, 25 and a driving handle.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the utility model, the distal end refers to the end away from the operator during the operation, and the proximal end refers to the end close to the operator during the operation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a novel endoscope comprises a shell 13, a plurality of traction wires 11 and a traction mechanism which are positioned inside the shell 13, and a guide tube 5 which is positioned at the far end of the shell 13, wherein one or more traction wires 11 are arranged, one end of each of the plurality of traction wires 11 is connected with the traction mechanism, the other end of each of the plurality of traction wires 11 is connected with the far end of the guide tube 5, the guide tube 5 is provided with an instrument channel 501 which is axially penetrated and is used for being penetrated by functional instruments, and the surface of the shell 13 is provided with an operation hole 1301 which is communicated with the inside of the shell 13; the pulling mechanism is capable of pulling one or more of the pull wires 11 to bend the distal end of the guide tube 5 in a corresponding direction. When the pulling mechanism pulls a certain pulling wire 11 upward, the side of the guide tube 5 connected to the pulling wire 11 is pulled upward, thereby achieving bending of the guide tube 5.

According to the above working principle, the guiding tube 5 can be bent, the instrument channel 501 in the guiding tube 5 is the forceps channel of the functional instrument, the functional instrument and the utility model discloses an independent instrument of each other, in optional implementation mode, the guiding tube 5 can be the snake bone, and the pull wire 11 is fixed in the inner wall of the snake bone this moment. In other alternative embodiments, the guiding tube 5 may also be a five-lumen tube, in which five lumens are provided, four traction wires 11 are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction, the middle lumen in the five lumens is an instrument channel 501 (as shown in fig. 6), and four traction channels connected with the traction wires 11 are provided around the five lumens, so that interference between the functional instrument and the traction wires 11 can be avoided. The five-cavity tube can be provided with an upper section and a lower section, the five-cavity tube of the lower section is connected with the traction line 11 to realize the bending action, and the five-cavity tube of the upper section keeps a straight line state.

The utility model discloses can supply functional apparatus to pass to control functional apparatus orientation assigned direction work, functional apparatus can be that the tractive is pressed from both sides, hemostatic forceps, sampling forceps etc.. The utility model discloses also can be at casing 13 internally mounted lighting element and camera element, can convey the structure in the casing 13 to the external screen on, be convenient for observe the tractive condition of the condition of penetrating and pull wire 11 of functional apparatus.

The traction mechanism can adopt the traction structure in the prior art, for example, through the motion of rotary wheel dish control pull wire 11 or with pull wire 11 integration on the guide ball, the utility model discloses preferred following structure of adopting: the traction mechanism comprises a driving handle 25 and one or more warping plates 9 arranged along the axial direction of the shell 13, the driving handle 25 is positioned at the near end of the shell 13, each warping plate 9 is rotatably connected with a fixed shaft 10 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and two ends of each warping plate 9 are respectively connected with a traction line 11; the actuating handle 25 can press one end of the rocker 9 to cause the corresponding traction wire 11 to pull the guide tube 5.

The utility model discloses with the upper end tie point setting of pull wire 11 in wane 9 department, wane 9 uses the fixed axle 10 at middle part as the fulcrum, and two pull wires 11 are connected to every wane 9, and different wanes 9 drive stand pipes 5 are crooked towards the equidirectional not, and the dead phenomenon of card can not appear in the pull wire 11 not embedding guide ball.

As shown in fig. 5, 7 and 8, two seesaws 9 are provided, the two seesaws 9 are dislocated and arranged independently, the projections of the two seesaws 9 in the vertical direction are preferably in a mutually perpendicular state, two ends of the two seesaws 9 are respectively connected with a traction wire 11, and the traction wires 11 can be welded and fixed on the seesaw 9. The fixed shaft 10 can be directly fixed on the inner wall of the shell 13, or a fixed seat 12 can be installed on the inner wall of the shell 13, the fixed shaft 10 is inserted into the fixed seat 12 and is limited with the fixed seat 12 at the inserted position through a non-circular surface in the circumferential direction, and the contact surface of the rocker 9 and the fixed shaft 10 is a circumferential surface, so that the rocker 9 can rotate relative to the fixed shaft 10. Since the two seesaws 9 are arranged up and down, the two fixed shafts 10 are also arranged up and down, and the lower fixed shaft 10 coincides with the projection of the upper seesaw 9 in the vertical direction, in order to give way to the traction line 11, the lower fixed shaft 10 is preferably provided with a yielding groove 14 (as shown in fig. 8) extending axially, and the traction line 11 can pass through the yielding groove 14 to be connected with the upper seesaw 9.

The driving handle 25 can drive the wane 9 to rotate through the guide assembly 7, the guide assembly 7 comprises mandril groups distributed around the central axis of the shell 13 and one or more guide plates 1 for the mandril groups to pass through, and the guide plates 1 are fixedly connected with the shell 13; each group of the ejector rod groups consists of two ejector rods, and two ejector rods 2 in the same group of the ejector rod groups are respectively abutted against two ends of the same warping plate 9; the upper end of each jack 2 abuts a drive handle 25, which drive handle 25 rotates the corresponding rocker 9 by pressing on the jack 2. The ejector rods 2 correspond to the traction wires 11 one to one and are used for controlling the movement of the corresponding traction wires 11, when the functional instrument needs to be bent towards a certain direction, the traction wires 11 located in the bending direction need to be pulled upwards, the traction wires 11 located on the back of the bending direction need to be released downwards, in the same group of ejector rod groups, when one ejector rod 2 moves downwards, the corresponding traction wire 11 is released downwards, meanwhile, the other ejector rod 2 moves upwards, the traction wire 11 corresponding to the ejector rod 2 is pulled upwards, so that the guide tube 5 is bent, and the driving handle 25 is used for pressing different ejector rods 2 to move upwards and downwards.

In further design, the guide assembly 7 further comprises a guide sleeve 3 in one-to-one correspondence with the ejector rods 2, the guide sleeve 3 is connected with at least one guide plate 1, a reset spring 4 is arranged in the guide sleeve 3, the upper end of the reset spring 4 is abutted to the ejector rods 2, and the lower end of the reset spring 4 is abutted to the guide sleeve 3. The reset spring 4 is always in a compressed state, the reset spring 4 has upward thrust to the ejector rod 2, so that the ejector rod 2 and the driving handle 25 can be always abutted, in a natural state, the height of each ejector rod 2 is the same, the wane 9 is in a horizontal state, when a certain ejector rod 2 is pressed downwards, the reset spring 4 connected with the ejector rod 2 continues to shrink, and when the pressing force disappears, the ejector rod 2 can be automatically reset to the natural state under the action of the reset spring 4.

In the preferred embodiment, two guide plates 1 are provided, and the two guide plates 1 are arranged in the up-down direction. Both ends of uide bushing 3 can be fixed on deflector 1, and in other optional embodiments, every uide bushing 3 all inserts two deflectors 1 and by two deflector 1 axial fixings, and the terminal surface through two deflectors 1 is spacing 3 axial of uide bushing promptly, ejector pin 2 and 3 sliding fit of uide bushing. The ejector rod 2 is of a cylindrical structure, two ends of the ejector rod 2 are conical, contact surfaces with the rotating cap 8 and the rocker 9 can be reduced, friction resistance between the ejector rod 2 and the driving handle 25 and the rocker 9 is reduced, and the abutting part is allowed to generate slight angle change. The ejector rod groups are provided with two groups, the ejector rods 2 in the two groups of ejector rod groups are arranged alternately, preferably four ejector rods 2 are arranged in an array mode around the circumference of a central shaft, namely the two groups of ejector rod groups respectively control the guide pipe 5 to bend in two mutually perpendicular planes. When only one of the ejector rod groups is subjected to external force, the other ejector rod group can be kept static.

In this embodiment, the guide plate 1 may be directly fixed to the inner wall of the housing 13, in other optional embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, for convenient detachment, two baffles 15 are fixed to the inner wall of the housing 13, two guide plates 1 are located between the two baffles 15, and the guide plate 1 above is clamped by the baffle 15 at the top and the shaft shoulder of the guide sleeve 3, the guide plate 1 below is clamped by the baffle 15 at the bottom and the shaft shoulder of the guide sleeve 3, a limiting hole 16 may be formed in the periphery of the guide plate 1, a limiting pin 17 may extend out of the inner wall of the housing 13, the limiting pin 17 is inserted into the limiting hole 16, rotation of the guide plate 1 is inhibited, the whole is fixed without using a tool, and detachment is more convenient.

Preferably, the guide plate 1 and the fixed shaft 10 each have a through hole 6 at the center thereof through which the functional device passes.

The pull wire 11 can be with wane 9 welded fastening, and this just needs to adopt welding tool to fix the pull wire 11 when the apparatus is assembled, but in the transportation, the pull wire 11 is because being in taut state, very easy fracture to long-term the back of using, the length of pull wire 11 can change, and this just leads to taut effect to reduce, for this reason, the utility model discloses well pull wire 11 is preferred fixed with wane 9 through following structure:

each rocker 9 is rotatably connected with two locking shafts 18, and two traction wires 11 are respectively wound on the corresponding locking shafts 18; the locking shaft 18 connected with the same rocker 9 is arranged in parallel with the fixed shaft 10, the rocker 9 is also movably connected with a positioning block 19, and when the positioning block 19 is separated from the locking shaft 18, the locking shaft 18 can rotate; when the positioning block 19 is clamped with the locking shaft 18, the positioning block 19 can limit the circumferential rotation of the locking shaft 18. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the rocker 9 has a threading hole 901 extending from the end to the locking shaft 18, the pull wire 11 is wound on the locking shaft 18, and the tail end of the pull wire 11 extends out from the pull wire 11 to be connected with the guide tube 5, the pull wire 11 can be released or tightened by rotating the locking shaft 18, a welding tool is not needed, the pull wire 11 can be in a loosening state during transportation, when the pull wire 11 needs to be tightened, only the locking shaft 18 needs to be rotated, the locking shaft 18 is fixed by using the positioning block 19 after adjustment is completed, rotation of the locking shaft 18 is inhibited, and the end of the pull wire 11 is fixed.

The connection mode of the positioning block 19 and the locking shaft 18 can adopt, but is not limited to, the following structure: one end of the locking shaft 18 is provided with a gear 1801, the side surface of the rocker 9 is provided with a slot 902 for inserting the positioning block 19, and when the positioning block 19 is inserted into the slot 902, the positioning block 19 can be engaged with the gear 1801. As shown in fig. 8, two locking shafts 18 are disposed on each rocker 9, the gear 1801 and the positioning block 19 are disposed on the same side of the rocker 9, the positioning block 19 is engaged with the gear 1801, since the pull wire 11 is in a tensioned state, the locking shafts 18 have a tendency to rotate circumferentially, the gear 1801 can press the positioning block 19 to be clamped with the positioning block 19, and when the length of the pull wire 11 needs to be adjusted, the positioning block 19 can be removed.

The driving handle 25 may adopt, but is not limited to, the following structure: the device comprises a support cap 20, a rotating cap 8 and a pressure shaft 22, wherein the support cap 20 is fixedly connected with a shell 13; the rotating cap 8 covers the upper surface of the supporting cap 20, the contact surface of the supporting cap 20 and the rotating cap 8 is a spherical surface, and the rotating cap 8 is provided with a containing cavity suitable for containing the pressure shaft 22; the surface that contacts with rotatory cap 8 on the support cap 20 is equipped with a plurality of spacing grooves 21, and rotatory cap 8 is spacing in casing 13 to the one end butt that makes holding chamber and pressure shaft 22, the other end and the spacing groove 21 butt of pressure shaft 22.

The pressure shaft 22 can be abutted against the support cap 20 through the extrusion spring 23, as shown in fig. 3, the middle of the pressure shaft 22 is provided with a limit boss 2201, the extrusion spring 23 is installed between the limit boss 2201 and the rotary cap 8, the extrusion spring 23 is in a compressed state, one end of the extrusion spring 23 is abutted against the top of the rotary cap 8, the other end of the extrusion spring 23 is abutted against the end part of the limit boss 2201, and the extrusion spring 23 can press the pressure shaft 22 to the surface of the support cap 20.

Rotatory cap 8 relies on and realizes arbitrary rotatory to the spherical surface contact of supporting cap 20, and the tip of pressure shaft 22 can be absorbed in spacing groove 21, avoids pressure shaft 22 to skid on supporting cap 20 surface, keeps the angle fixed, and the top of rotatory cap 8 receives the spacing of casing 13, and the below receives the extrusion of extrusion spring 23, and extrusion spring 23 transmits the extrusion force to pressure shaft 22 simultaneously.

In the embodiment in which the guide plate 1 is provided with two, the support caps 20 may be mounted on the upper guide plate 1, and preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the limiting grooves 21 are circular recesses having a diameter close to that of the end portions of the pressure shafts 22, the limiting grooves 21 are outwardly spread from the top portions of the support caps 20, and the limiting grooves 21 are circumferentially arrayed with the central axes of the support caps 20 as the center, so that the rotation of the spin caps 8 in any direction can be realized.

In a further design, a thumb handle 24 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotary cap 8, a containing cavity is arranged at the lower end of the thumb handle 24, and the extrusion spring 23 and the pressure shaft 22 are located in the containing cavity. The thumb can be sleeved on the thumb handle 24, the thumb handle 24 can rotate at will but cannot fall off the rotating cap 8, different people can adjust the comfortable holding method, and the structure damage caused by misoperation and rotation can be prevented. As shown in fig. 3, the pressure shaft 22 and the pressing spring 23 are installed in the accommodating cavity, the upper end of the pressure shaft 22 is abutted against the top of the accommodating cavity, the thumb handle 24 is pulled, and the pressure shaft 22 can move towards the corresponding direction.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more and "several" means one or more unless otherwise specified.

In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments.

In light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A novel endoscope is characterized in that: the multifunctional traction device comprises a shell (13), traction wires (11) and a traction mechanism which are positioned in the shell (13), and a guide tube (5) which is positioned at the far end of the shell (13), wherein one ends of the traction wires (11) are connected with the traction mechanism, the other ends of the traction wires (11) are connected with the far end of the guide tube (5), the guide tube (5) is provided with an instrument channel (501) which penetrates through the guide tube along the axial direction and is used for penetrating functional instruments, and the surface of the shell (13) is provided with an operation hole (1301) which is communicated with the interior of the shell (13);

the traction mechanism comprises a driving handle (25) and one or more warping plates (9) arranged along the axial direction of the shell (13), the driving handle (25) is positioned at the near end of the shell (13), each warping plate (9) is connected with a fixed shaft (10) in a one-to-one corresponding rotation mode, and two ends of each warping plate (9) are respectively connected with a traction line (11); the driving handle (25) can press one end of the rocker (9) so that the corresponding traction wire (11) pulls the guide tube (5).

2. The novel endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the guiding tube (5) is a snake bone, and the traction wire (11) penetrates through the inner side of the snake bone.

3. The novel endoscope of claim 1, wherein: the guide tube (5) is a five-cavity tube, four traction wires (11) are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction, and traction channels which correspond to the four traction wires (11) one to one are further arranged in the five-cavity tube.

4. The novel endoscope of claim 1, wherein: a guide assembly (7) is further arranged between the driving handle (25) and the rocker (9), the guide assembly (7) comprises ejector rod groups distributed around a central shaft of the shell (13) and one or more guide plates (1) for the ejector rod groups to penetrate through, and the guide plates (1) are fixedly connected with the shell (13); each group of ejector rod group consists of two ejector rods, and two ejector rods (2) in the same group of ejector rod group are respectively abutted against two ends of the same wane (9); the upper end of each ejector rod (2) is abutted to a driving handle (25), and the driving handle (25) enables the corresponding warping plate (9) to rotate by pressing the ejector rods (2).

5. The novel endoscope of claim 4, wherein: the driving handle (25) comprises a supporting cap (20), a rotating cap (8) and a pressure shaft (22), and the supporting cap (20) is fixedly connected with the shell (13); the rotating cap (8) covers the upper surface of the supporting cap (20), the contact surface of the supporting cap (20) and the rotating cap (8) is a spherical surface, and the rotating cap (8) is provided with a containing cavity suitable for containing a pressure shaft (22); the surface that contacts with rotatory cap (8) on support cap (20) is equipped with a plurality of spacing grooves (21), rotatory cap (8) spacing in casing (13) to the one end butt of holding chamber and pressure shaft (22), the other end and the spacing groove (21) butt of pressure shaft (22).

6. The novel endoscope of claim 4, wherein: the guide assembly (7) further comprises guide sleeves (3) in one-to-one correspondence with the ejector rods (2), the guide sleeves (3) are connected with at least one guide plate (1), return springs (4) are arranged in the guide sleeves (3), the upper ends of the return springs (4) are abutted to the ejector rods (2), and the lower ends of the return springs (4) are abutted to the guide sleeves (3).

7. The novel endoscope of claim 4, wherein: the centers of the guide plate (1) and the fixed shaft (10) are provided with through holes (6) for functional instruments to pass through.

8. The novel endoscope of any one of claims 5-7, wherein: each warping plate (9) is rotatably connected with two locking shafts (18), and the two traction wires (11) are respectively wound on the corresponding locking shafts (18); a locking shaft (18) connected with the same rocker (9) is arranged in parallel with the fixed shaft (10), a positioning block (19) is movably connected to the rocker (9), and when the positioning block (19) is separated from the locking shaft (18), the locking shaft (18) can rotate; when the positioning block (19) is clamped with the locking shaft (18), the positioning block (19) can limit the circumferential rotation of the locking shaft (18).

9. The novel endoscope of claim 8, wherein: one end of the locking shaft (18) is provided with a gear (1801), the side surface of the rocker (9) is provided with a slot (902) for inserting a positioning block (19), and when the positioning block (19) is inserted into the slot (902), the positioning block (19) can be meshed with the gear (1801).

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