CN217428089U - Front discharge circuit of photoelectric detector - Google Patents
Front discharge circuit of photoelectric detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN217428089U CN217428089U CN202123393328.9U CN202123393328U CN217428089U CN 217428089 U CN217428089 U CN 217428089U CN 202123393328 U CN202123393328 U CN 202123393328U CN 217428089 U CN217428089 U CN 217428089U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a front amplifying circuit of a photoelectric detector, which comprises an input module, a signal amplitude limiting unit and a photoelectric signal unit, wherein the photoelectric signal unit is used for generating corresponding input signals according to the illumination intensity, and the signal amplitude limiting unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting on the input signals; the amplifying module is used for amplifying the input signal and then outputting the amplified input signal; the output module is connected with the output end of the amplification module and is used for isolating and reversely outputting signals; by arranging the signal amplitude limiting unit in the input module, when the photoelectric signal unit receives external strong light, if a signal with larger amplitude is generated, the signal amplitude can be limited by the signal limiting unit, so that the large signal is prevented from directly entering the amplification module to cause the damage of the amplification module; meanwhile, an output module is arranged at the output end of the amplifying module to isolate and reverse the output signal, so that a positive pulse output signal is obtained, and an isolating and amplifying effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a preamplification circuit field specifically is a photoelectric detector preamplifier circuit.
Background
The PD front discharge circuit is mainly applied to a target detection and ranging system, the output of the traditional PD front discharge circuit is negative pulse, a rear-stage circuit needs to perform signal reverse processing, and an additional processing circuit needs to be added for signal conversion. Therefore, the negative pulse type output circuit has inconvenience in a circuit system which is required to be small and has a special requirement for system design.
The power of output noise of a PD front discharge circuit is required to be low enough for remote detection so as to improve small signal detection capability, besides the noise output by the circuit, the noise of an external power supply can seriously influence the noise amplitude of the output signal of the front discharge circuit, and in addition, when the traditional general application type PD front discharge circuit is subjected to accidental strong light irradiation, the risk of damage at a certain probability can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a front-end amplifier circuit for a photo-detector, which can directly output a forward pulse signal and solve the problem that the existing front-end amplifier circuit for a PD is easy to be damaged when exposed to strong light.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a photodetector preamplifier circuit, comprising:
the input module comprises a signal amplitude limiting unit and a photoelectric signal unit, wherein the photoelectric signal unit is used for generating a corresponding input signal according to the illumination intensity, and the signal amplitude limiting unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting on the input signal;
the amplifying module is used for amplifying the input signal and then outputting the amplified input signal;
and the output module is connected with the output end of the amplification module and is used for isolating and reversely outputting signals.
The temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature signals in the photoelectric signal unit;
and the output signal of the voltage stabilizing module is used for driving the amplifying module.
Furthermore, the amplifying module comprises a transimpedance amplifier, and a first input end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with a fixed level signal;
the signal amplitude limiting unit and the photoelectric signal unit are connected with the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier;
a first power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with an external first power supply;
and a second power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with the current limiting unit in series and then is connected with an external second power supply.
Further, the input module further comprises a trigger power supply for triggering the photoelectric signal;
the signal amplitude limiting unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and an amplitude limiting diode, and the first resistor and the second resistor are arranged between the trigger power supply and the photoelectric signal unit in series;
the photoelectric signal unit is connected with the first input end of the trans-impedance amplifier, the photoelectric signal unit is simultaneously connected with the anode of the limiting diode, and the cathode of the limiting diode is grounded.
Further, the temperature acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, and the voltage stabilization module is an LDO linear voltage regulator.
Further, the first input end is a positive phase input end, the second input end is a negative phase input end, a feeder line is arranged between the output end and the negative phase input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and a third resistor is arranged on the feeder line.
Further, the current limiting unit includes a fourth resistor connected in series between the second power supply and the second power supply terminal.
Furthermore, the output module comprises an RC filter and a triode, an emitter of the triode is connected with the RC filter in series and then is connected with an external first power supply, a base of the triode is connected with the output end of the transimpedance amplifier, and a collector of the triode is connected with a resistor in series and then is connected with a second power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier; and the collector of the triode is simultaneously used as the output end of the output module.
Further, the photoelectric signal unit is a photodiode, and an anode of the photodiode is connected with an anode of the limiting diode and the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier.
Further, a filtering unit is arranged among the first power end of the transimpedance amplifier, the second power end of the transimpedance amplifier, the first resistor and the second resistor.
The utility model has the advantages that: by arranging the signal amplitude limiting unit in the input module, when the photoelectric signal unit receives external strong light, if a signal with larger amplitude is generated, the signal amplitude can be limited by the signal limiting unit, so that the large signal is prevented from directly entering the amplification module to cause the damage of the amplification module; meanwhile, an output module is arranged at the output end of the amplifying module to isolate and reverse the output signal, so that a positive pulse output signal is obtained, and an isolating and amplifying effect is realized.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Description of the labeling: 1-an input module, 2-an amplification module and 3-an output module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The existing trans-impedance amplifier has the following defects:
polarity of output signal: the output stage Buffer of the conventional product adopts a triode emission following design mode, and the output is negative polarity;
the strong light protection function: the existing positive pulse output type circuit has no strong light burning resistance function temporarily;
output signal saturation amplitude: the strong light output signal has larger saturation amplitude which is determined by the Buffer characteristic of the last stage and the saturation amplitude is not adjustable;
output noise amplitude: the output noise amplitude of the existing product is not low enough;
external power supply noise: the internal devices of the product are directly connected with an external power supply, and the noise isolation capability is avoided.
In view of the above disadvantages, the present embodiment provides a front-end circuit of a photodetector, as shown in fig. 1: comprises an input module 1, an amplifying module 2 and an output module 3.
The input module 1 comprises a signal amplitude limiting unit and a photoelectric signal unit, wherein the photoelectric signal unit is used for generating corresponding input signals according to the illumination intensity, and the signal amplitude limiting unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting on the input signals.
Specifically, the photo signal unit is a photodiode D1. The photodiode D1 is a semiconductor device for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal, and its core part is also a PN junction, compared with a common diode, the photodiode D1 is easy to receive incident light, the area of the PN junction is made as large as possible, the area of the electrode is made as small as possible, and the junction depth of the PN junction is shallow, generally less than 1 micron.
The photodiode D1 is operated under a reverse voltage. In the absence of illumination, the reverse current is small (typically less than 0.1 microampere), referred to as dark current. When light irradiates, photons carrying energy enter the PN junction, and then the energy is transferred to bound electrons on the covalent bonds, so that part of the electrons break away from the covalent bonds, and electron-hole pairs are generated, namely photon-generated carriers. They participate in the drift motion under the action of reverse voltage, so that the reverse current is obviously increased, and the higher the intensity of light, the larger the reverse current is. The photodiode D1 generates a current called photocurrent when it is illuminated by light of normal illumination. If a load is connected to the external circuit, an electrical signal is obtained from the load, and the electrical signal changes in response to the change in light.
The signal amplitude limiting unit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and an amplitude limiting diode D2, wherein the first resistor R1 is used for direct current voltage limiting, the second resistor R2 is used for alternating current amplitude limiting, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are arranged between a trigger power supply VR and the photodiode D1 in series, and the trigger power supply VR generates reverse voltage to the photodiode D1; specifically, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series and then connected to the cathode of the photodiode D1.
The anode of the photodiode D1 is connected with the inverting input terminal of the transimpedance amplifier, the photodiode D1 is simultaneously connected with the anode of the limiter diode D2, and the cathode of the limiter diode D2 is grounded.
The photodiode D1 provides photoelectric conversion, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 can reduce rated power consumption of the photodiode D1 under strong light irradiation, damage is prevented, and the limiting diode D2 can effectively prevent the input voltage of the transimpedance amplifier from being too high and damaging the input end of the transimpedance amplifier.
The amplifying module 2 is used for amplifying the input signal and then outputting the amplified signal.
Specifically, the amplifying module 2 is a transimpedance amplifier, and a positive phase input terminal of the transimpedance amplifier is connected to a-0.8V fixed level signal.
The signal amplitude limiting unit and the photodiode D1 are connected with the inverting input end of the trans-impedance amplifier.
The first power supply terminal of the transimpedance amplifier is connected to an external first power supply Vcc.
The second power end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected in series with the current-limiting unit and then is connected with an external second power supply, specifically, the current-limiting unit is a fourth resistor R4 used for limiting current, and the second power supply is a-5V direct current signal.
And a feeder line is arranged between the output end and the inverting input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and a third resistor R3 is arranged on the feeder line.
An equivalent high-bandwidth and high-gain open-loop amplifier is constructed by utilizing cascade transistors, and a trans-impedance amplification function is realized through voltage negative feedback; the conversion and amplification of the photocurrent signal to the voltage signal are realized.
The output module 3 is connected with the output end of the amplifying module 2 and used for isolating and reversely outputting signals.
Specifically, the output module 3 includes an RC filter and a transistor T1, an emitter of the transistor T1 is connected in series with the RC filter and then connected to an external first power supply, a base of the transistor T1 is connected to an output terminal of the transimpedance amplifier, and a collector of the transistor T1 is connected in series with a resistor and then connected to a second power supply terminal of the transimpedance amplifier; the collector of the transistor T1 also serves as the output terminal of the output module 3. Reverse conversion of the trans-impedance negative pulse is realized by using a common emitter mode of the triode T1, a positive pulse output signal is finally obtained, and an isolation amplification effect is realized.
In this embodiment, the temperature monitoring device further includes a temperature acquisition module and a voltage stabilization module, wherein the temperature acquisition module is a temperature sensor and is used for acquiring a temperature signal in the photodiode D1 in real time.
The voltage stabilizing module is an LDO linear voltage stabilizer, an external power signal is input to the voltage stabilizing module, an output signal of the voltage stabilizing module is a first power signal Vcc, and secondary voltage stabilization and noise isolation of a positive power supply are realized by using the voltage stabilizing module.
In this embodiment, the first power supply terminal of the transimpedance amplifier and the second power supply terminal of the transimpedance amplifier are both provided with a filtering unit, the filtering unit is also arranged between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the filtering unit adopts a filtering capacitor, one end of the filtering capacitor is connected to the connection point, and the other end of the filtering capacitor is grounded.
The transimpedance amplifier adopts a low-noise transimpedance amplifier (lownoise transimpedance), an equivalent high-bandwidth and high-gain open-loop amplifier is constructed by utilizing a cascade transistor, a TIA function is realized through voltage negative feedback, and the conversion and amplification effects from a photocurrent signal to a voltage signal are realized.
The specific working principle is as follows:
the utility model discloses based on traditional transimpedance amplification principle, behind the pulsed light irradiation photodiode D1, obtain pulsed photoelectric current, the conversion through the transimpedance amplifier obtains the pulse voltage signal of linear proportion at the output of transimpedance amplifier, realizes output BUFFER isolation and enlargeing through the BUFFER of back level.
On the basis, the polarity of the signal is reversed by adjusting the configuration of the final stage BUFFER transistor T1 to obtain a signal of positive pulse. The voltage amplitude limiting is carried out on the pulse photocurrent signal by serially connecting an amplitude limiting resistor in the photodiode D1N, so that the transient peak power consumption of the photodiode D1 is reduced, and the burning risk can be effectively reduced.
The current-limiting resistor is connected in series with the negative power supply, so that the static bias voltage UCE of the transistor can be flexibly adjusted to achieve the purpose of flexibly adjusting the saturation amplitude of the output signal. Finally, in order to reduce the output noise amplitude, a transistor in the trans-impedance amplifier is selected by a narrow cut-off frequency tube, so that the equivalent output noise amplitude can be effectively reduced on the premise of meeting the requirement of signal bandwidth, and meanwhile, the LDO devices added to the positive power supply can effectively isolate the noise of an external power supply, so that the stable output noise amplitude and the small amplitude of the circuit can be ensured.
To sum up, the front amplifier circuit of the present invention, by setting the signal amplitude limiting unit inside the input module 1, when the photodiode D1 receives external strong light, if a signal with a large amplitude is generated, the signal amplitude can be limited by the signal limiting unit, so as to prevent the large signal from directly entering the amplification module 2 and causing damage to the amplification module 2; meanwhile, the output end of the amplifying module 2 is provided with the output module 3, and the output signal is isolated and reversed, so that a positive pulse output signal is obtained, and an isolating and amplifying effect is realized. And the linear voltage regulator LDO is added at the input power end, so that the interference of external power supply noise can be effectively isolated, the trans-impedance bandwidth is reduced, the output noise amplitude is optimized, and the capability of a system for detecting small signals can be effectively improved.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified or replaced by other means without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be construed as limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A photodetector preamplifier circuit, comprising:
the input module comprises a signal amplitude limiting unit and a photoelectric signal unit, wherein the photoelectric signal unit is used for generating a corresponding input signal according to the illumination intensity, and the signal amplitude limiting unit is used for carrying out amplitude limiting on the input signal;
the amplifying module is used for amplifying the input signal and then outputting the amplified input signal;
and the output module is connected with the output end of the amplification module and is used for isolating and reversely outputting signals.
2. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature signals in the photoelectric signal unit;
and the output signal of the voltage stabilizing module is used for driving the amplifying module.
3. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, and the voltage stabilizing module is an LDO linear voltage stabilizer.
4. A photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein:
the amplifying module comprises a trans-impedance amplifier, and a first input end of the trans-impedance amplifier is connected with a fixed level signal;
the signal amplitude limiting unit and the photoelectric signal unit are connected with the second input end of the transimpedance amplifier;
a first power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with an external first power supply;
and a second power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier is connected with the current limiting unit in series and then is connected with an external second power supply.
5. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 4, wherein: the input module further comprises a trigger power supply for triggering the photoelectric signal;
the signal amplitude limiting unit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and an amplitude limiting diode, and the first resistor and the second resistor are arranged between the trigger power supply and the photoelectric signal unit in series;
the photoelectric signal unit is connected with the first input end of the trans-impedance amplifier, the photoelectric signal unit is simultaneously connected with the anode of the limiting diode, and the cathode of the limiting diode is grounded.
6. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 5, wherein: the first input end is a normal phase input end, the second input end is an inverting input end, a feeder line is arranged between the output end and the inverting input end of the transimpedance amplifier, and a third resistor is arranged on the feeder line.
7. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 4, wherein: the current limiting unit includes a fourth resistor connected in series between the second power supply and the second power supply terminal.
8. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 4, wherein: the output module comprises an RC filter and a triode, an emitter of the triode is connected with the RC filter in series and then is connected with an external first power supply, a base of the triode is connected with the output end of the transimpedance amplifier, and a collector of the triode is connected with a resistor in series and then is connected with a second power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier; and the collector of the triode is simultaneously used as the output end of the output module.
9. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 5, wherein: the photoelectric signal unit is a photodiode, and the anode of the photodiode is connected with the anode of the amplitude limiting diode and the first input end of the transimpedance amplifier.
10. The photodetector preamplifier circuit according to claim 5, wherein: and filtering units are arranged among the first power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier, the second power supply end of the transimpedance amplifier, the first resistor and the second resistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123393328.9U CN217428089U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Front discharge circuit of photoelectric detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123393328.9U CN217428089U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Front discharge circuit of photoelectric detector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217428089U true CN217428089U (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123393328.9U Active CN217428089U (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Front discharge circuit of photoelectric detector |
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| CN (1) | CN217428089U (en) |
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- 2021-12-30 CN CN202123393328.9U patent/CN217428089U/en active Active
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