CN217423472U

CN217423472U - Active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupling type building energy supply system

Info

Publication number: CN217423472U
Application number: CN202220097254.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚胜; 蒋泽智; 王晓云; 孙周寅; 袁景玉
Original assignee: Hebei University of Technology
Current assignee: Hebei University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-01-14
Filing date: 2022-01-14
Publication date: 2022-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses an active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupling type building energy supply system, which comprises an outdoor system and an indoor system, wherein the outdoor system comprises a compressor, an air side heat exchanger and a PV/T assembly, and the PV/T assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel and a heat collecting panel arranged on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel; the outdoor system and the indoor system are connected with a water side heat exchanger, and the water side heat exchanger comprises a water channel and a working medium channel; the compressor is connected with the air side heat exchanger and the water side heat exchanger through a four-way reversing valve, and the winter or summer running mode is realized through the switching of the four-way reversing valve; a first expansion valve and a first bypass which are mutually connected in parallel are arranged between the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger and the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate, and a second expansion valve and a second bypass which are mutually connected in parallel are arranged between the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate and the working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger; two ends of a water channel of the water side heat exchanger are respectively connected with indoor end equipment through a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe.

Description

Active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupling type building energy supply system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to building thermal environment adjusts, solar energy utilizes, warm logical air conditioning equipment field, concretely relates to active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump manifold type building energy supply system.

Background

With the transformation of global clean energy, renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like become the most economical novel power source, and in order to realize the aims of 'carbon peak reaching' and 'carbon neutralization', China builds a power system mainly based on new energy. Solar energy utilization can reduce fossil energy consumption and CO ₂ The discharge is beneficial to solving the air pollution problem in China, the energy structure is improved, and the sustainable development is realized. Photovoltaic power generation is a solar energy utilization technology widely used, but a common photovoltaic panel can only convert 4% -17% of incident solar radiation into electric energy, the rest more than 50% of the solar radiation is converted into heat energy to be absorbed by the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and too high temperature can not only reduce the power generation efficiency of the system, but also cause irreversible damage to the photovoltaic module.

In recent years, a photovoltaic photo-thermal system (PV/T system) is proposed, which performs photovoltaic power generation and utilizes heat energy on the surface of the system, effectively solves the problems of too high temperature on the back surface of a photovoltaic panel and low power generation efficiency, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy. The traditional PV/T system is of an air cooling type and a water cooling type, and the air cooling type is adopted, so that although the working temperature of a photovoltaic panel can be reduced and the photoelectric efficiency is improved, the air is directly discharged into the environment after cooling a photovoltaic module, and the heat energy is not effectively utilized; the water cooling type PV/T system can inhibit the temperature rise of the battery, improve the photoelectric efficiency, obtain hot water at the same time, but needs to add a heat exchanger, so that the cost is increased, and the back heat exchange efficiency is lower.

The air source heat pump system is an energy-saving device which utilizes high-level energy to enable heat to flow from low-level heat source air to a high-level heat source, has small floor area and can be flexibly arranged, but the performance of the air source heat pump system is greatly influenced by the temperature of outdoor air, and an auxiliary heater is required to be arranged in a time period when the air temperature is extremely low in winter in the north.

In conclusion, based on the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system and the air source heat pump system, the active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupling type building combined cooling heating and power system is constructed, and on the basis of improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, the operation efficiency of the air source heat pump can be improved in winter.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model discloses utilize the coupling characteristic of photovoltaic board and air source heat pump to solve following technical problem: (1) the problem of low power generation efficiency caused by overhigh back surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel is solved; (2) the air source heat pump has the problem of low operation efficiency due to low outdoor air temperature in cold regions. The utility model provides an active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system carries out the coupling with active cooling type solar photovoltaic and air source heat pump and realizes solar energy utilization and seasonal variation's best matching, satisfies building power consumption, heating, cooling with the ability demand to furthest has exert solar photovoltaic and air source heat pump's advantage, has great strategic importance to the energy consumption problem of alleviating current building.

The utility model provides an actively cooled solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system, including outdoor system and indoor system, outdoor system includes compressor, air side heat exchanger, expansion valve and PV/T subassembly, PV/T subassembly includes photovoltaic board and sets up the heat-collecting plate at its back; the indoor system comprises indoor tail end equipment, a water replenishing pump and a circulating water pump; the outdoor system and the indoor system are connected with a water side heat exchanger, and the water side heat exchanger comprises a water channel and a working medium channel; the compressor is connected with the air side heat exchanger and the water side heat exchanger through a four-way reversing valve, the four-way reversing valve comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a fourth channel, wherein: two ends of the first channel are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger and an air suction port of the compressor; two ends of the second channel are respectively connected with an exhaust port of the compressor and an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger; two ends of the third channel are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger and an air suction port of the compressor, and two ends of the fourth channel are respectively connected with an exhaust port of the compressor and an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger; a port B of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger is connected with a port A of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate through a first expansion valve, and a first bypass connected with the first expansion valve in parallel is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the port B of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger and the port A of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate; a port B of the working medium passage of the heat collection plate is connected with a port B of the working medium passage of the air side heat exchanger through a second expansion valve, and a second bypass connected with the second expansion valve in parallel is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the port B of the working medium passage of the heat collection plate and the port B of the working medium passage of the air side heat exchanger; and two ends of a water channel of the water side heat exchanger are respectively connected with the indoor end equipment through a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe.

Further, active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system, wherein:

the circulating water pump is positioned on the water supply main pipe and provides power for the circulation of the indoor pipeline, and the water outlet end of the water replenishing pump is connected with the water inlet end of the circulating water pump to play a role in replenishing water.

The indoor end equipment is one or more of a radiation kang, a radiator, a fan coil and a radiation ceiling.

The water side heat exchanger is a node for connecting an indoor system and an outdoor system, and heat exchange between the indoor system and the outdoor system is carried out at the water side heat exchanger.

The four-way reversing valve is switched to realize a winter or summer running mode; in a winter operation mode, a first channel and a second channel of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, and a third channel and a fourth channel are closed; and in a summer operation mode, the third channel and the fourth channel of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, and the first channel and the second channel are closed.

Direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel is converted into alternating current through the inverter and then is used by household appliances or is directly connected to the grid.

The utility model provides an active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system has realized the energy supply of solar energy, air energy heating, cooling, electricity generation as required all the year round, and its beneficial effect has:

(1) the system can meet the requirements of indoor heating in winter, cooling in summer and annual power utilization by using the solar energy and air energy comprehensive utilization system, reduces the initial investment of the system by using one set of energy supply system, and solves the problems of high cost, idle equipment, long recovery period and the like of using two sets of systems in the heating period and the cooling period; the problem that the conventional solar photovoltaic photo-thermal utilization system only considers the requirements of heating or hot water in winter and does not consider the energy supply of the system for cooling in summer is solved; the original terminal equipment can be used in the existing building, so that the investment is greatly reduced, and the purpose of controlling the indoor temperature is achieved by performing heat and moisture exchange between the terminal equipment and the indoor space.

(2) The heat on the back of the photovoltaic panel is taken away by using the working medium with low boiling point, so that the photovoltaic panel has higher heat exchange efficiency compared with air and water, and the photoelectric efficiency and the photo-thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic panel are greatly improved; compared with the traditional air cooling type photovoltaic system, the heat energy on the back of the photovoltaic panel can be more effectively utilized, and the energy waste is avoided; compared with a water-cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump system, the water-working medium heat exchanger can be omitted, the investment cost is reduced, the irreversible loss is reduced, the structure is simple, and the performance is good.

(3) In winter, the air source heat pump system absorbs and utilizes heat on the back of the photovoltaic panel, and the problem that the heat pump system is low in operation efficiency due to the fact that outdoor air temperature is too low in cold regions is solved; and when solar radiation is weak, heat is absorbed from the environment through the air side heat exchanger, and the problem of insufficient heat supply caused by unstable solar energy is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the energy supply system in winter;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structural connection of the energy supply system in summer;

fig. 3 is the connection diagram of the indoor system structure of the energy supply system of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-air side heat exchanger 2-water side heat exchanger 3-four-way reversing valve 4-compressor

5-indoor side control valve 6-photovoltaic panel 7-heat collecting panel 81-first expansion valve

82-second expansion valve 9-water replenishing pump 10-circulating water pump 11-indoor end equipment

12-inverter

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are by no means limiting to the present invention.

The utility model provides an active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump manifold type building energy supply system, its design concept is: the photovoltaic panel is coupled with an air source heat pump, so that a low-boiling-point working medium flows in a channel on the back of the photovoltaic panel to take away heat on the back of the photovoltaic panel to form an active cooling type photovoltaic panel, and the active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system is formed. The utility model adopts working medium with low boiling point as heat-taking medium of PV/T component, which has higher efficiency compared with air and water as heat-taking medium; the active cooling type solar photovoltaic and the air source heat pump are connected in series, the working medium with low boiling point fully absorbs solar radiation heat energy in the heat collecting plate inner pipeline on the back of the photovoltaic plate to evaporate, the photovoltaic plate efficiently and stably outputs electric energy under the phase change cooling of the working medium, and the power generation efficiency is improved. The energy source of the air source heat pump is heat energy in the air, the problem of reduction of heating efficiency can occur in a heating severe cold period, the photovoltaic panel and the air source heat pump are coupled, and the operating efficiency of the system is improved while the low-boiling-point working medium absorbs heat on the back of the photovoltaic panel. The system realizes the switching of working conditions in winter and summer through using the four-way reversing valve to generate energy which can meet the requirements of electricity utilization, heating and cooling of buildings, reduces energy consumption, and simultaneously adopts one set of energy supply system in winter and summer to reduce the initial investment of equipment, thereby having obvious economic benefit.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system comprises an outdoor system and an indoor system, wherein the indoor system mainly functions to realize heat exchange between water and terminal equipment, so that the terminal equipment is heated in winter and cooled in summer.

The outdoor system comprises a compressor 4, an air side heat exchanger 1, a first expansion valve 81, a second expansion valve 82 and a PV/T assembly, wherein the PV/T assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel 6 and a heat collection panel 7 arranged on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 and is used for absorbing heat from the photovoltaic panel in winter and summer, so that the power generation efficiency is improved, the operating efficiency of a heat pump can be improved in winter, heat conduction silicone grease can be arranged between the heat collection panel 7 and the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 to enhance heat conduction, a groove-shaped flow channel (namely a heat collection tube) and a working medium inlet and outlet are used for allowing a low-boiling working medium to flow in the groove-shaped flow channel, the low-boiling working medium takes away heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 6 on the back of the photovoltaic panel 6 and enters next cycle, the back temperature of the photovoltaic panel 6 is reduced, and necessary heat preservation measures are arranged on the contact surface between the heat collection panel 7 and air. The utility model discloses in, the direct current that photovoltaic board 6 produced supplies domestic appliance to use or directly be incorporated into the power networks after converting into the alternating current through an inverter 12.

The indoor system comprises indoor tail end equipment 11, a water replenishing pump 9 and a circulating water pump 10; the outdoor system and the indoor system are connected with the water side heat exchanger 2, the water side heat exchanger 2 is a node for connecting the indoor system and the outdoor system, heat exchange between the indoor system and the outdoor system is carried out at the water side heat exchanger 2, heat is transferred from the outdoor system to the indoor system in winter, and heat is transferred from the indoor system to the outdoor system in summer. Water side heat exchanger 2 includes water passageway and working medium passageway, its flow direction of the low boiling point working medium of well adoption and flow through the loop as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 arrow.

The compressor 4 is connected with the working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger 1 and the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 through a four-way reversing valve 3, the four-way reversing valve 3 comprises a first channel ba, a second channel cd, a third channel da and a fourth channel cb, and the four-way reversing valve comprises: two ends of the first channel ba are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger 1 and an air suction port of the compressor 4; two ends of the second channel cd are respectively connected with an exhaust port of the compressor 4 and an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2; two ends of the third channel da are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 and an air suction port of the compressor 4, and two ends of the fourth channel cb are respectively connected with an exhaust port of the compressor 4 and an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger 1.

The utility model discloses an include necessary connecting tube, valve and connecting piece in the system.

The utility model discloses the operation in-process, through the mode of operation in winter or summer is realized in the switching of four-way reversing valve 3.

As shown in fig. 1, in the winter operation mode, the first passage ba and the second passage cd of the four-way reversing valve 3 are both open, and the third passage da and the fourth passage cb are both closed; an air suction port of the compressor 4 is connected with an A port (low boiling point working medium outlet) of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger 1 through a first channel ba of the four-way reversing valve 3, an air exhaust port of the compressor 4 is connected with an A port (low boiling point working medium inlet) of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 through a second channel cd of the four-way reversing valve 3, a B port (low boiling point working medium outlet) of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 is connected with the A port (low boiling point working medium inlet) of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate 7 through a first expansion valve 81, a first bypass (four) connected with the first expansion valve 81 in parallel is arranged on a connecting pipeline (three) between the B port (low boiling point working medium outlet) of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 and the A port (low boiling point working medium inlet) of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate 7, namely, the B port (low boiling point working medium outlet) of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger 2 is connected with the A port (low boiling point working medium inlet) of the heat collecting plate 7 through the first bypass (four) in parallel The ports (low boiling point working medium inlets) are connected. A second bypass (i) connected in parallel with the second expansion valve 82 is arranged on a connecting pipeline (II) between the port B (low-boiling point working medium outlet) of the working medium passage of the heat collection plate 7 and the port B (low-boiling point working medium inlet) of the working medium passage of the air side heat exchanger 1, namely, the port B (low-boiling point working medium outlet) of the working medium passage of the heat collection plate 7 behind the photovoltaic plate 6 is connected with the port B (low-boiling point working medium inlet) of the working medium passage of the air side heat exchanger 1 through the second bypass (i) connected in parallel. Working medium gas with high temperature, high pressure and low boiling point at the outlet of a compressor 4 in an outdoor system flows in a pipeline, enters a water side heat exchanger 2 through a second passage cd in a four-way reversing valve 3 to undergo phase change, releases heat indoors through indoor end equipment, condenses into high temperature and high pressure liquid while releasing heat, becomes low temperature and low pressure liquid through a first expansion valve 81, enters a back heat collection plate 7 of a photovoltaic plate 6 to fully absorb heat on the back of the photovoltaic plate, then enters an air side heat exchanger 1 through a second bypass I to absorb heat from outdoor air while evaporating, and finally returns to the compressor for continuous circulation through a first passage ba in the four-way reversing valve. The heat collecting plate 7 is connected with the air side heat exchanger 1 in series, and the low-boiling point working medium fully absorbs heat on the back of the photovoltaic plate 6, so that the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic plate 6 is improved, and the operating efficiency of the system is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, the operation principle in summer is substantially the same as that in winter, and in the summer operation mode, both the third passage da and the fourth passage cb of the four-way reversing valve 3 are open, and both the first passage ba and the second passage cd are closed. High-temperature high-pressure low-boiling point working medium gas at the outlet of a compressor 4 in an outdoor system flows in a pipeline, enters the air side heat exchanger 1 through a fourth channel cb in the four-way reversing valve 3 to release heat, enters a second expansion valve 82, fully absorbs heat on the back of the photovoltaic plate at the heat collecting plate 7, continuously absorbs heat at the water side heat exchanger 2 through a first bypass, further reduces the temperature of the water side, supplies cold to the room through indoor end equipment, and finally returns to the compressor 4 through a third channel da of the four-way reversing valve 3 to continuously circulate. The photovoltaic panel 6 outputs electric energy efficiently and stably under the cooling of the working medium with the low boiling point, the power generation efficiency is improved, and the cooling demand of an indoor system is met.

The indoor system exchanges heat with the outdoor system through the water side heat exchanger 2, the indoor end equipment 11 can be a radiation kang, a radiator, a fan coil, a radiation ceiling and the like, and the indoor environment is adjusted through hot water or cold water generated by the active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupling system so as to meet the thermal comfort requirement of a human body. As shown in fig. 3, two ends of the water channel of the water-side heat exchanger 2 are respectively connected with the indoor end equipment 11 through a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe. The circulating water pump 10 is positioned on the water supply main pipe and provides power for the circulation of the indoor pipeline, and the water outlet end of the water replenishing pump 9 is connected with the water inlet end of the circulating water pump 10 to play a role in water replenishing.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system, includes outdoor system and indoor system, its characterized in that: the outdoor system comprises a compressor (4), an air side heat exchanger (1), a first expansion valve (81), a second expansion valve (82) and a PV/T assembly, wherein the PV/T assembly comprises a photovoltaic panel (6) and a heat collecting panel (7) arranged on the back surface of the photovoltaic panel; the indoor system comprises indoor tail end equipment (11), a water replenishing pump (9) and a water circulating pump (10); the outdoor system and the indoor system are connected with a water side heat exchanger (2), and the water side heat exchanger (2) comprises a water channel and a working medium channel;

the compressor (4) is connected with a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger (1) and a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger (2) through a four-way reversing valve (3), the four-way reversing valve (3) comprises a first channel (ba), a second channel (cd), a third channel (da) and a fourth channel (cb), wherein:

two ends of the first channel (ba) are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger (1) and an air suction port of the compressor (4);

two ends of the second channel (cd) are respectively connected with an exhaust port of the compressor (4) and an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger (2);

two ends of the third channel (da) are respectively connected with an A port of a working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger (2) and an air suction port of the compressor (4),

two ends of the fourth channel (cb) are respectively connected with an exhaust port of a compressor (4) and an A port of a working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger (1);

a port B of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger (2) is connected with a port A of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate (7) through the first expansion valve (81), and a first bypass connected with the first expansion valve (81) in parallel is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the port B of the working medium channel of the water side heat exchanger (2) and the port A of the working medium channel of the heat collecting plate (7);

a port B of the working medium channel of the heat collection plate (7) is connected with a port B of the working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger (1) through the second expansion valve (82), and a second bypass connected with the second expansion valve (82) in parallel is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the port B of the working medium channel of the heat collection plate (7) and the port B of the working medium channel of the air side heat exchanger (1);

and two ends of a water channel of the water side heat exchanger (2) are respectively connected with the indoor tail end equipment (11) through a water supply main pipe and a water return main pipe.

2. The active cooling type solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circulating water pump (10) is located on a water main pipe and provides power for indoor pipeline circulation, and the water outlet end of the water replenishing pump (9) is connected with the water inlet end of the circulating water pump (10) to perform a water replenishing function.

3. The actively-cooled solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system of claim 1, wherein the indoor end equipment (11) is one or more of radiant kang, radiator, fan coil, radiant ceiling.

4. The actively-cooled solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energy supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-side heat exchanger (2) is a node where an indoor system and an outdoor system are connected, and heat exchange between the indoor system and the outdoor system is performed at the water-side heat exchanger (2).

5. The actively-cooled solar photovoltaic-air source heat pump coupled building energizing system according to claim 1, characterized in that a winter or summer operation mode is achieved by switching of the four-way reversing valve (3);

in a winter running mode, a first channel and a second channel of the four-way reversing valve (3) are communicated, and a third channel and a fourth channel are closed;

and in a summer operation mode, the third channel and the fourth channel of the four-way reversing valve (3) are communicated, and the first channel and the second channel are closed.