CN217391279U

CN217391279U - Membrane oxygenator

Info

Publication number: CN217391279U
Application number: CN201990001417.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 寿宸; 阿里·卡谢菲; 福沃斯·穆扎基斯; 考斯洛·莫塔吉
Original assignee: Xi'an Xijing Medical Appliance Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Xijing Medical Appliance Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-06
Filing date: 2019-09-06
Publication date: 2022-09-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-06
Also published as: WO2021042358A1

Abstract

The utility model provides a membrane oxygenator, its includes shell (1) that has blood entry (11) and blood export (12), be equipped with well section of thick bamboo (2) in shell (1) and be located the inboard inner tube (3) of well section of thick bamboo (2), form annular first cavity (21) between shell (1) and well section of thick bamboo (2), form annular second cavity (31) between well section of thick bamboo (2) and inner tube (3), blood entry (11), first cavity (21), second cavity (31) and blood export (12) communicate in proper order, be equipped with heat exchange membrane (4) in first cavity (21), be equipped with oxygenation membrane (5) in second cavity (31). The heat exchange membrane (4) is arranged in the first chamber (21), the oxygenation membrane (5) is arranged in the second chamber (31), and the second chamber (31) is positioned on the inner side of the first chamber (21), so that the first chamber (21) and the heat exchange membrane (4) inside the first chamber (21) can play a role in preserving heat of blood flowing through the second chamber (31), heat loss of the blood in the second chamber (31) is reduced as much as possible, and the temperature of the blood at the blood outlet (21) of the membrane oxygenator is maintained.

Description

Membrane oxygenator

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a liquid processing device, such as a blood processing device, and more particularly to a membrane oxygenator.

Background

The membrane oxygenator has the function of regulating the oxygen and carbon dioxide content in blood, is a necessary medical appliance in the process of implementing extracorporeal circulation in cardiovascular surgery, and is also a necessary medical appliance for treating acute respiratory diseases and waiting for a lung transplantation stage. The principle of the membrane oxygenator is that venous blood in a body is led out of the body, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the membrane oxygenator to be changed into arterial blood, and the arterial blood is then conveyed back to an arterial system of a patient to maintain the supply of oxygenated blood of visceral organs of the human body.

Generally, a membrane oxygenator is provided with two annular chambers, which are referred to as a first chamber and a second chamber for convenience of description, the first chamber is located outside the second chamber, and the first chamber is used for arranging an oxygenation membrane as an oxygenator for oxygenating blood. The second chamber is used for arranging a heat exchange membrane as a heat exchanger to exchange heat with blood and maintain the temperature of the blood. The blood firstly enters the second chamber, exchanges heat with the heat exchanger and then enters the first chamber for oxygenation. However, due to heat loss from the blood in the first chamber, the temperature of the blood at the blood outlet of the membrane oxygenator may be reduced due to the heat loss, resulting in a lower temperature of the blood being returned to the patient's arterial system.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a membrane oxygenator that minimizes heat loss and maintains the temperature of the blood at the oxygenator outlet.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a membrane oxygenator, which includes a housing having a blood inlet and a blood outlet, wherein a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder located inside the middle cylinder are disposed in the housing, an annular first chamber is formed between the housing and the middle cylinder, an annular second chamber located inside the first chamber is formed between the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, the blood inlet, the first chamber, the second chamber and the blood outlet are sequentially communicated, a heat exchange membrane is disposed in the first chamber, and an oxygenation membrane is disposed in the second chamber.

The membrane oxygenator of the present invention has the characteristics and advantages that:

1. according to the membrane oxygenator, the heat exchange membrane is arranged in the first cavity, the oxygenation membrane is arranged in the second cavity, and the second cavity is positioned on the inner side of the first cavity, so that the first cavity and the heat exchange membrane in the first cavity can play a heat preservation role on blood flowing through the second cavity, the heat loss of the blood in the second cavity is reduced as much as possible, and the blood temperature at the blood outlet of the membrane oxygenator is maintained;

2. according to the invention, by arranging the annular drainage cavity and the funnel-shaped drainage wall, blood can uniformly enter the first cavity from all directions, and more uniform radial and axial blood flow distribution is realized;

3. according to the invention, the quiet zone chamber is arranged, so that the blood flow speed can be reduced, bubbles in blood are prevented from being carried to the blood outlet by the blood, and the gradually narrowed chamber cover is arranged, so that the bubbles accumulated in the quiet zone chamber can be favorably lifted to the exhaust port along the chamber cover to be exhausted;

4. by arranging the furling structure, the blood can enter the flow guide cavity from all directions, meanwhile, the blood is prevented from generating turbulent flow, and a lower pressure gradient is kept;

5. according to the invention, the first hole array is arranged on the middle cylinder, so that blood can more uniformly flow into the second chamber from the first chamber, and the second hole array is arranged in the middle of the middle cylinder, so that a part of blood can flow into the second chamber from the middle of the middle cylinder, therefore, the blood flows more smoothly, the flow resistance of the blood is reduced, and the third hole array is arranged on the inner cylinder, so that the blood can more uniformly flow into the flow guide cavity from the second chamber;

6. according to the invention, the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged to be tangential holes, so that the extending directions of the first through hole and the second through hole are consistent with the blood flow direction, blood can conveniently flow into the second chamber from the first chamber, and the blood flow is more gentle;

7. according to the invention, the two end edges of the first through hole, the second through hole and the third through hole are rounded, so that blood damage or platelet activation caused by sharp corners can be avoided to further cause thrombus.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of a membrane oxygenator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the membrane oxygenator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the direction of blood flow within the membrane oxygenator of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of FIG. 3;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the inner barrel;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line H-H of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the inner barrel;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of a mid-tube;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a mid-barrel;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of a mid-barrel;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a mid-barrel;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a mid-barrel;

fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line L-L of fig. 19.

Main element number description:

1. a housing;

11. a blood inlet; 12. a blood outlet; 13. an outer cylinder; 131. a drainage wall; 14. an upper end cover;

141. a liquid inlet chamber; 142. a liquid outlet chamber; 15. a lower end cover; 151. an air intake chamber; 152. an air outlet chamber;

16. a liquid inlet; 17. a liquid outlet; 18. an air inlet; 19. an air outlet;

2. a middle cylinder; 21. a first chamber; 22. a drainage chamber; 23. a first through hole; 24. a first opening;

25. a second through hole;

3. an inner barrel; 31. a second chamber; 32. a third through hole; 33. a quiet zone chamber; 34. a second opening;

4. a heat exchange membrane; 5. an oxygen-containing membrane; 6. a draft tube; 61. a flow guide cavity;

7. a chamber lid; 71. an exhaust port; 72. an exhaust pipe; 73. a one-way valve;

8. a furling structure; 81. a curved surface; 9. a first potting member; 10. a second potting member;

20. a blood delivery tube; 30. a blood introduction tube; 40. an arterial blood sampling port; 50. a temperature probe;

60. venous blood exhaust; 70. a recirculation/cardioplegic fluid irrigator interface.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the purpose of convenience and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, the present invention provides a membrane oxygenator, which includes a housing 1 having a blood inlet 11 and a blood outlet 12, the housing 1 is substantially cylindrical with two closed ends, a middle cylinder 2 and an inner cylinder 3 located inside the middle cylinder 2 are disposed in the housing 1, the middle cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are both cylindrical, an annular first chamber 21 (also referred to as a temperature changing chamber) is formed between the housing 1 and the middle cylinder 2, an annular second chamber 31 (also referred to as an oxygenation chamber) is formed between the middle cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 and located inside the first chamber 21, the blood inlet 11, the first chamber 21, the second chamber 31, and the blood outlet 12 are sequentially communicated, blood enters from the blood inlet 11, sequentially flows through the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 31, and then flows out from the blood outlet 12, a heat exchange membrane 4 is disposed in the first chamber 21, and when blood flows through the first chamber 21, heat exchange is performed with the heat exchange membrane 4 in the first chamber 21, the temperature of the blood is adjusted by the heat exchange, so that the blood is maintained at a proper temperature, the oxygenation membrane 5 is disposed in the second chamber 31, and the blood is subjected to gas exchange with the oxygenation membrane 5 in the second chamber 31 when flowing through the second chamber 31, so that the blood is oxygenated by the gas exchange.

According to the membrane oxygenator, the heat exchange membrane 4 is arranged in the first chamber 21, the oxygenation membrane 5 is arranged in the second chamber 31, and the second chamber 31 is positioned at the inner side of the first chamber 21, so that the first chamber 21 and the heat exchange membrane 4 in the first chamber 21 can play a heat preservation role on blood flowing through the second chamber 31, heat loss of the blood in the second chamber 31 is reduced as much as possible, and the temperature of the blood at the blood outlet 12 of the membrane oxygenator is maintained;

in addition, the heat exchange membrane 4 is arranged in the first chamber 21 to serve as a heat exchange unit, so that rapid heat exchange and uniform heat exchange can be realized, and rapid and uniform temperature regulation can be provided in a larger temperature range, so that the body temperature of a patient can be rapidly and uniformly regulated during extracorporeal circulation;

in addition, since the blood inlet 11, the first chamber 21, the second chamber 31 and the blood outlet 12 are sequentially communicated, the blood firstly flows through the first chamber 21 to exchange heat with the heat exchange membrane 4, reaches a proper temperature, and then enters the second chamber 31 to be oxygenated, so that the risk of over-oxygen saturation can be avoided, and if the blood is oxygenated and reheated firstly, the risk of over-oxygen saturation exists, so that free bubbles are generated, and if the bubbles enter the human body along with the blood, embolism can be caused in the human body.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 6 and 7, specifically, the outer casing 1 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 13, an upper end cap 14 disposed at the top end of the outer cylinder 13, and a lower end cap 15 disposed at the bottom end of the outer cylinder 13, the upper end cap 14 is hermetically connected to the outer cylinder 13, the lower end cap 15 is hermetically connected to the outer cylinder 13, the middle cylinder 2 is located inside the outer cylinder 13, two ends of the middle cylinder 2 are hermetically connected to the upper end cap 14 and the lower end cap 15, two ends of the inner cylinder 3 are hermetically connected to the upper end cap 14 and the lower end cap 15, respectively, and the blood inlet 11 is disposed on the outer cylinder 13.

As shown in fig. 3 and 8, in a preferred embodiment, an annular drainage chamber 22 is further disposed between the outer casing 1 and the middle cylinder 2, the drainage chamber 22 is located between the blood inlet 11 and the first chamber 21, the blood inlet 11, the drainage chamber 22 and the first chamber 21 are sequentially communicated, the drainage chamber 22 has a funnel-shaped drainage wall 131, and the drainage wall 131 drains the blood entering the drainage chamber 22 into the first chamber 21, that is, the blood enters the drainage chamber 22 from the blood inlet 11 and then uniformly enters the first chamber 21 from all directions under the drainage of the drainage wall 131. This embodiment enables a more uniform radial and axial blood flow distribution by providing an annular drainage chamber 22 and a funnel-shaped drainage wall 131.

Specifically, the drainage wall 131 is formed by reducing the diameter of the outer cylinder 13 of the housing 1, the inner diameter of the drainage wall 131 gradually increases from the first chamber 21 to the blood inlet 11, and the reducing parts at the two ends of the drainage wall 131 are smoothly transited so as to avoid damaging blood.

In another preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the inlet of the first chamber 21 and the outlet of the first chamber 21 are respectively disposed at two axial ends of the first chamber 21, and the inlet of the second chamber 31 and the outlet of the second chamber 31 are respectively disposed at two axial ends of the second chamber 31, so that the blood flows through the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 31 in sequence along the axial direction (longitudinal direction), and compared with the case that the blood flows through the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 31 along the radial direction (transverse direction), the distribution of the blood during the flowing process is more uniform, and the sufficient heat exchange and oxygenation of the blood can be realized. For example, the inlet of the first chamber 21 is the blood inlet 11 and the outlet of the first chamber 21 is the inlet of the second chamber 31.

The communication structure of the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 31 has at least the following four schemes.

The first scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the middle cylinder 2 is provided with a first opening array for communicating the first chamber 21 with the second chamber 31, the first opening array and the blood inlet 11 are respectively located at two axial ends of the first chamber 21, the first opening array includes a plurality of first openings 24 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle cylinder 2, and the first openings 24 serve as both the outlet of the first chamber 21 and the inlet of the second chamber 31. For example, the first opening 24 is a rectangular opening. The present embodiment enables the blood in the first chamber 21 to flow into the second chamber 31 from all directions by providing the first array of openings.

Specifically, the first opening array is arranged at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2, the blood inlet 11 is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder 13 of the shell 1, and after flowing into the first chamber 21 from the blood inlet 11, the blood flows downwards along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2 through the first chamber 21 and then flows into the second chamber 31 through the first opening 24 at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2.

The second scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the middle tube 2 is provided with a first hole array for communicating the first chamber 21 with the second chamber 31, the first hole array and the blood inlet 11 are respectively located at two axial ends of the first chamber 21, the first hole array includes a plurality of first through holes 23 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the middle tube 2, and the first through holes 23 serve as both the outlet of the first chamber 21 and the inlet of the second chamber 31. In this embodiment, the first hole array is arranged to allow the blood in the first chamber 21 to flow into the second chamber 31 from all directions. Preferably, the first through holes 23 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle cylinder 2, so that the blood flow distribution is more uniform.

Specifically, the first hole array is arranged at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2, the blood inlet 11 is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder 13 of the outer shell 1, and after flowing into the first chamber 21 from the blood inlet 11, the blood flows downwards along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2 through the first chamber 21 and then flows into the second chamber 31 through the first through hole 23 at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2.

For example, as shown in fig. 13, the first through holes 23 of the first hole array are arranged in the following manner: the first through holes 23 are arranged in at least two rows along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2, the first through holes 23 in each row are multiple, the multiple first through holes 23 in each row are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle cylinder 2, and the first through holes 23 in two adjacent rows are axially aligned or arranged in a staggered manner.

In this embodiment, preferably, the first through holes 23 are tangential holes, that is, the first through holes 23 are arranged along the tangential direction of the middle cylinder 2, and the extending direction of the first through holes 23 is consistent with the blood flowing direction.

In the present embodiment, the edges of the two ends of the first through hole 23 are preferably rounded to avoid the existence of sharp corners to destroy blood cells or activate platelets to cause thrombus, and of course, all the edges of the first through hole 23 may be rounded.

In this embodiment, the shape of the first through hole 23 is preferably a rectangle (as shown in fig. 13 and 14) or an ellipse (as shown in fig. 15 and 16), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first through hole 23 may have other shapes.

In the third scheme: as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the middle cylinder 2 is provided with not only the first opening array in the first embodiment, but also the first hole array in the second embodiment, the first opening array and the first hole array are both arranged at one end of the middle cylinder 2 far from the blood inlet 11, the first opening array and the first hole array are spaced in the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2, and the area of the first opening 24 of the first opening array is larger than the area of the first through hole 23 of the first hole array. In this embodiment, the structure and position of the first array of openings may be arranged with reference to the first embodiment, and the structure and position of the first array of apertures may be arranged with reference to the second embodiment.

Specifically, the first opening array and the first hole array are both arranged at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2, the first hole array is positioned above the first opening array, the blood inlet 11 is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder 13 of the shell 1, and after flowing into the first chamber 21 from the blood inlet 11, the blood flows downwards through the first chamber 21 along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2 and then flows into the second chamber 31 through the first opening 24 and the first through hole 23 at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2.

In this embodiment, the arrangement of the plurality of first openings 24 of the first opening array may be set with reference to the first openings 24 of the first embodiment, and the structure, shape, and arrangement of the plurality of first through holes 23 of the first hole array may be set with reference to the first through holes 23 of the second embodiment.

A fourth scheme: as shown in fig. 17 and 19, the middle tube 2 is provided with not only the first hole array in the second embodiment, but also a second hole array, the first hole array and the blood inlet 11 are respectively located at two axial ends of the first chamber 21, the second hole array is located in the middle of the middle tube 2, that is, the second hole array corresponds to the middle position of the first chamber 21, the first hole array and the second hole array communicate the first chamber 21 with the second chamber 31, and the second hole array includes a plurality of second through holes 25 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the middle tube 2. In this embodiment, the structure and position of the first array of apertures may be arranged with reference to the second embodiment. This scheme is through setting up the second hole array in the middle part of well section of thick bamboo 2, enables partly blood and flows into second chamber 31 from the middle part of well section of thick bamboo 2, makes blood flow more gently, reduces its flow resistance.

Specifically, the first hole array is arranged at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2, the second hole array is arranged above the first hole array, the blood inlet 11 is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder 13 of the shell 1, and after flowing into the first chamber 21 from the blood inlet 11, the blood flows downwards through the first chamber 21 along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2 and then flows into the second chamber 31 through the second through hole 25 at the middle part of the middle cylinder 2 and the first through hole 23 at the lower part of the middle cylinder 2.

In this embodiment, the structure, shape and arrangement of the first through holes 23 may be set with reference to the first through holes 23 in the second embodiment, and the structure, shape and arrangement of the second through holes 25 may be set with reference to the first through holes 23 in the second embodiment.

Of course, the arrangement of the second through holes 25 may be different from the first through holes 23 in the second embodiment, for example, as shown in fig. 17 and 19, the second through holes 25 are arranged in at least two rows along the circumferential direction of the middle cylinder 2, the second through holes 25 in each row are one or more, when there is one second through hole 25 in each row (as shown in fig. 17 and 18), each second through hole 25 extends along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2, for example, the second through holes 25 are rectangular in shape, when there are a plurality of second through holes 25 in each row (as shown in fig. 19 and 20), each second through hole 25 extends along the circumferential direction of the middle cylinder 2, for example, the second through holes 25 are oval in shape, the plurality of second through holes 25 in each row are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2, and the second through holes 25 in adjacent two rows are circumferentially aligned or offset.

In this scheme, preferably, first through-hole 23 and second through-hole 25 are tangential holes, that is, first through-hole 23 sets up along the tangential direction of well section of thick bamboo 2, and the extending direction of first through-hole 23 is unanimous with the blood flow direction, and second through-hole 25 sets up along the tangential direction of well section of thick bamboo 2, and the extending direction of second through-hole 25 is unanimous with the blood flow direction.

In this embodiment, the two end edges of the first through hole 23 are preferably rounded, and the two end edges of the second through hole 25 are preferably rounded, so as to avoid thrombus caused by blood cell destruction or platelet activation due to sharp corners, and of course, all the edges of the first through hole 23 and the second through hole 25 may be rounded.

In this embodiment, the shape of the first through hole 23 is preferably rectangular or elliptical, and the shape of the second through hole 25 is preferably rectangular (as shown in fig. 17 and 18) or elliptical (as shown in fig. 19 and 20), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first through hole 23 and the second through hole 25 may have other shapes.

In addition to the above four schemes, the second hole array in the fourth scheme may be provided on the basis of the first scheme, or the second hole array in the fourth scheme may be provided on the basis of the third scheme.

As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, a cylindrical guide cylinder 6 is further connected to the inner side of the inner cylinder 3, a guide cavity 61 is formed in the guide cylinder 6, and the second chamber 31, the guide cavity 61 and the blood outlet 12 are sequentially communicated, wherein the blood outlet 12 is located below the guide cavity 61.

The communication structure of the second chamber 31 and the diversion chamber 61 has at least the following three schemes.

The first scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the inner cylinder 3 is provided with a second opening array for communicating the second chamber 31 with the diversion chamber 61, the second opening array is located above the diversion chamber 61, inlets (i.e., the first opening array and/or the first hole array) of the second opening array and the second chamber 31 are respectively located at two axial ends of the second chamber 31, the second opening array includes a plurality of second openings 34 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3, and the second openings 34 serve as outlets of the second chamber 31 for communicating the second chamber 31 with the diversion chamber 61. For example, the second opening 34 is a rectangular opening.

Specifically, the second opening array is disposed at the upper portion of the inner barrel 3, and after the blood flows into the second chamber 31, the blood flows upward along the axial direction through the second chamber 31 and then flows into the flow guiding chamber 61 through the second opening 34.

The second scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 9 and 11, a third hole array is disposed on the inner cylinder 3 to communicate the second chamber 31 with the diversion chamber 61, the third hole array is located above the diversion chamber 61, inlets (i.e., the first opening array and/or the first hole array) of the third hole array and the second chamber 31 are respectively located at two axial ends of the second chamber 31, the third hole array includes a plurality of third through holes 32 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3, and the third through holes 32 serve as outlets of the second chamber 31 to communicate the second chamber 31 with the diversion chamber 61. This scheme is through setting up the third hole array, enables the blood in the second chamber 31 and flows into in water conservancy diversion chamber 61 from all directions. Preferably, the plurality of third through holes 32 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner barrel 3 to make the blood flow distribution more uniform.

Specifically, the third hole array is disposed at the upper portion of the inner barrel 3, and after the blood flows into the second chamber 31, the blood flows upward along the axial direction through the second chamber 31 and then flows into the flow guide chamber 61 through the third through hole 32.

For example, the third through holes 32 of the third hole array are arranged in the following manner: the third through holes 32 are arranged in at least two rows along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3, the third through holes 32 in each row are plural, the third through holes 32 in each row are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3, and the third through holes 32 in two adjacent rows are axially aligned or arranged in a staggered manner.

In this embodiment, preferably, the third through hole 32 is a tangential hole, that is, the third through hole 32 is disposed along a tangential direction of the inner barrel 3, and an extending direction of the third through hole 32 is consistent with a blood flow direction.

In this embodiment, the edges of the two ends of the third through hole 32 are preferably rounded to avoid the sharp corners causing the blood cell destruction or the platelet activation and the thrombus, and of course, all the edges of the third through hole 32 may be rounded.

In this embodiment, the shape of the third through hole 32 is preferably rectangular (as shown in fig. 9 and 10) or elliptical (as shown in fig. 11 and 12), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the third through hole 32 may have other shapes.

In the third scheme: the inner barrel 3 is provided with a second opening array in the first scheme and a third hole array in the second scheme, the second opening array and the third hole array are located above the flow guide cavity 61, the second opening array and the third hole array are both arranged at one end, far away from the blood outlet 12, of the inner barrel 3, the second opening array and the third hole array are spaced in the axial direction of the inner barrel 3, and the area of the second opening 34 of the second opening array is larger than that of the third through hole 32 of the third hole array. In this embodiment, the structure and position of the second aperture array may be arranged with reference to the first embodiment, and the structure and position of the third aperture array may be arranged with reference to the second embodiment.

Specifically, the second opening array and the third opening array are both disposed at the upper portion of the inner barrel 3, the third opening array is located below or above the second opening array, and after entering the second chamber 31, the blood flows upward through the second chamber 31 along the axial direction and then flows into the flow guide chamber 61 through the second opening 34 and the third through hole 32.

In this embodiment, the second openings 34 of the second opening array may be arranged in a manner to refer to the second openings 34 in the first embodiment, and the third through holes 32 of the third hole array may be arranged in a configuration, shape and arrangement to refer to the third through holes 32 in the second embodiment.

In the above three schemes of communicating the second chamber 31 with the diversion cavity 61, the blood outlet 12 is disposed in the middle of the bottom end of the housing 1 and located below the diversion cavity 61, specifically, the blood outlet 12 is disposed in the center of the lower end cap 15 of the housing 1, so that after flowing into the diversion cavity 61, the blood flows downward along the axial direction through the diversion cavity 61 and then flows out through the blood outlet 12.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in a preferred embodiment, the inner cylinder 3 is provided with a dead space chamber 33 inside, the dead space chamber 33 is located above the diversion chamber 61, or the dead space chamber 33 is located above the diversion cylinder 6, the second chamber 31, the dead space chamber 33 and the diversion chamber 61 are sequentially communicated, the second opening array and/or the third hole array communicate the second chamber 31 with the dead space chamber 33, that is, the second chamber 31, the second opening 34 and/or the third through hole 32, the dead space chamber 33 and the diversion chamber 61 are sequentially communicated, blood flows into the dead space chamber 33 through the second opening 34 and/or the third through hole 32, the diameter of the dead space chamber 33 is larger than that of the diversion chamber 61, and by providing the dead space chamber 33, the blood flow velocity can be reduced, and bubbles in the blood can be prevented from being entrained to the blood outlet 12.

As shown in fig. 3, 4, and 5, an annular chamber cover 7 is disposed at the top of the dead space chamber 33, the chamber cover 7 is gradually narrowed from bottom to top, and an exhaust port 71 for exhausting bubbles accumulated in the dead space chamber 33 is disposed at the vertex (i.e., the center) of the chamber cover 7. By providing the chamber lid 7 in a structure that gradually narrows from bottom to top, bubbles accumulated in the dead space chamber 33 are facilitated to rise along the chamber lid 7 to the exhaust port 71 and be exhausted from the exhaust port 71. For example, the chamber cover 7 and the upper end cover 14 of the shell 1 are of an integral structure and have high structural strength.

As shown in fig. 3, specifically, an exhaust pipe 72 is connected above the exhaust port 71, the exhaust pipe 72 passes through the upper end cover 14 of the housing 1 and extends out of the housing 1, and a check valve 73 is provided on the exhaust pipe 72, and the check valve 73 only allows bubbles in the dead space chamber 33 to be exhausted and does not allow external air to enter the dead space chamber 33.

Further, the chamber lid 7 is conical or hemispherical in shape. When the chamber cover 7 is conical, the slope thereof can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present invention; when the chamber lid 7 is formed in a hemispherical shape, the radius thereof may be set according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Of course, the chamber lid 7 may also be other structures that gradually narrow from bottom to top, and the invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 5, when the chamber lid 7 has a conical shape, the slope of the chamber lid 7 is k, and a single bus line of the chamber lid 7 is taken as an example, and the lowest point O of the bus line is taken as an example ₁ Establishing a rectangular plane coordinate system for the origin of coordinates, wherein the abscissa and the ordinate of any point on the bus are x respectively ₁ And y ₁ Then y is ₁ ＝kx ₁ . For example, k is 0.1377.

As shown in fig. 3, 4, and 5, further, an annular furling structure 8 is disposed at the bottom of the quiet zone chamber 33, the furling structure 8 is a horn-shaped structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, or the furling structure 8 is a streamline structure, an inner wall surface of the furling structure 8 facing the quiet zone chamber 33 is a curved surface 81, an upper end of the furling structure 8 is connected with the inner cylinder 3, a lower end of the furling structure 8 is connected with the draft tube 6, a connection part of the furling structure 8 and the draft tube 6 is in smooth transition, the furling structure 8 is located below the third hole array, and the curved surface 81 guides blood entering the quiet zone chamber 33 from the third through hole 32 into the draft cavity 61. Through the annular furling structure 8, blood can flow into the flow guide cavity 61 from all directions, meanwhile, turbulent flow of the blood is avoided, and a lower pressure gradient is kept. For example, the inner cylinder 3, the furling structure 8 and the guide cylinder 6 are of an integrated structure, the structural strength is high, and the membrane oxygenator is convenient to assemble.

Furthermore, the curved surface 81 of the furling structure 8 is an arc surface, and the center of the arc line on the curved surface 81 is located outside the furling structure 8, and the radius of the arc line on the curved surface 81 can be set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present invention. Of course, the curved surface 81 may also be a curved surface with other shapes, which is not limited in the present invention.

As shown in fig. 5, let r be the radius of the arc line on the curved surface 81 of the furled structure 8, and take one arc line of the curved surface 81 of the furled structure 8 as an example to explain, the center O of the arc line ₂ Establishing a plane rectangular coordinate system for the origin of coordinates, wherein the abscissa and the ordinate of any point (such as a point P) on the circular arc line are x respectively ₂ And y ₂ Then, then

For example, r is 16.8975.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in one embodiment, the heat exchange membrane 4 is a hollow fiber membrane bundle for guiding a heat exchange fluid, the blood exchanges heat with the heat exchange fluid in the hollow fiber membrane in the first chamber 21 when flowing through the first chamber 21, the oxygenation membrane 5 is a hollow fiber membrane bundle for guiding a gas, and the blood exchanges gas with the gas in the hollow fiber membrane in the second chamber 31 when flowing through the second chamber 31; the shell 1 is also provided with a liquid inlet 16 for heat exchange fluid to enter, a liquid outlet 17 for heat exchange fluid to flow out, a gas inlet 18 for gas to enter and a gas outlet 19 for gas to flow out, the shell 1 is also internally provided with an annular liquid inlet cavity 141, a liquid outlet cavity 142, a gas inlet cavity 151 and a gas outlet cavity 152, the liquid inlet cavity 141 is communicated with the liquid inlet 16, the liquid outlet cavity 142 is communicated with the liquid outlet 17, the gas inlet cavity 151 is communicated with the gas inlet 18, the gas outlet cavity 152 is communicated with the gas outlet 19, the liquid inlet cavity 141 and the liquid outlet cavity 142 are positioned at the outer sides of the gas inlet cavity 151 and the gas outlet cavity 152, specifically, the liquid inlet cavity 141 and the gas outlet cavity 152 are positioned in the lower end cover 15, and the liquid outlet cavity 142 and the gas inlet cavity 151 are positioned in the upper end cover 14;

the liquid inlet chamber 141 and the liquid outlet chamber 142 are respectively located at two axial ends of the first chamber 21, the liquid inlet chamber 141 and the liquid outlet chamber 142 are respectively separated from the first chamber 21 through a first potting member 9, two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle in the first chamber 21 respectively penetrate through the first potting member 9 and are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet chamber 141 and the liquid outlet chamber 142, heat exchange fluid enters the liquid inlet chamber 141 through a liquid inlet 16, enters the hollow fiber membrane from one end of the hollow fiber membrane, flows out of the other end of the hollow fiber membrane, enters the liquid outlet chamber 142 and finally flows out of a liquid outlet 17; the air inlet cavity 151 and the air outlet cavity 152 are respectively located at two axial ends of the second cavity 31, the air inlet cavity 151 and the air outlet cavity 152 are respectively separated from the second cavity 31 through a second potting piece 10, two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle in the second cavity 31 respectively penetrate through the second potting piece 10 and are respectively communicated with the air inlet cavity 151 and the air outlet cavity 152, air enters the air inlet cavity 151 from the air inlet 18 and then enters the hollow fiber membrane from one end of the hollow fiber membrane, flows through the hollow fiber membrane, flows out from the other end of the hollow fiber membrane and enters the air outlet cavity 152, and finally flows out from the air outlet 19.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the membrane oxygenator further includes a blood delivery tube 20 and a blood introduction tube 30 which are provided outside the housing 1, the blood delivery tube 20 is communicated with the blood outlet 12, the blood introduction tube 30 is communicated with the blood inlet 11, the blood delivery tube 20 is provided with an arterial blood sampling port 40 and a temperature probe 50 for measuring the temperature of blood, and blood is sampled through the arterial blood sampling port 40. Specifically, the blood introducing tube 30 is provided on the outer tube 13 of the housing 1, and the blood discharging tube 20 is provided on the lower end cap 15 of the housing 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the membrane oxygenator further includes a venous blood exhaust port 60 and a recirculation/cardioplegia perfusion apparatus interface 70, which are disposed outside the housing 1, specifically, the venous blood exhaust port 60 is disposed on the outer cylinder 13 of the housing 1, and the recirculation/cardioplegia perfusion apparatus interface 70 is disposed on the blood delivery tube 20.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the components of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned whole application, and the technical features described in the present specification can be selected individually or in combination according to actual needs, so that the present invention naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the invention.

Claims

1. The membrane oxygenator is characterized by comprising a shell with a blood inlet and a blood outlet, wherein a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder positioned on the inner side of the middle cylinder are arranged in the shell, an annular first chamber is formed between the shell and the middle cylinder, an annular second chamber positioned on the inner side of the first chamber is formed between the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, the blood inlet, the first chamber, the second chamber and the blood outlet are sequentially communicated, a heat exchange membrane is arranged in the first chamber, and an oxygenation membrane is arranged in the second chamber.

2. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein an annular drainage chamber is further disposed between the housing and the mid-tube, the blood inlet, the drainage chamber and the first chamber communicating in series, the drainage chamber having a funnel-shaped drainage wall that drains blood entering the drainage chamber into the first chamber.

3. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein the inlet of the first chamber and the outlet of the first chamber are located at respective axial ends of the first chamber and the inlet of the second chamber and the outlet of the second chamber are located at respective axial ends of the second chamber such that blood flows sequentially in an axial direction through the first chamber and the second chamber.

4. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein the middle cylinder is provided with a first array of openings communicating the first chamber with the second chamber, the first array of openings and the blood inlet are located at respective axial ends of the first chamber, and the first array of openings includes a plurality of first openings spaced circumferentially along the middle cylinder.

5. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein the middle cylinder is provided with a first hole array that communicates the first chamber with the second chamber, the first hole array and the blood inlet are respectively located at both axial ends of the first chamber, and the first hole array includes a plurality of first through holes that are arranged at intervals in the circumferential and axial directions of the middle cylinder.

6. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein the middle cylinder is provided with a first opening array and a first hole array communicating the first chamber and the second chamber, the first opening array and the blood inlet are respectively located at both axial ends of the first chamber, the first hole array and the blood inlet are respectively located at both axial ends of the first chamber, the first opening array and the first hole array are spaced in an axial direction of the middle cylinder, the first opening array includes a plurality of first openings spaced in a circumferential direction of the middle cylinder, the first hole array includes a plurality of first through holes spaced in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the middle cylinder, and an area of the first openings is larger than an area of the first through holes.

7. The membrane oxygenator of claim 5 or 6 wherein the first through hole is a tangential hole, the first through hole having rounded edges at both ends.

8. The membrane oxygenator of any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein a central portion of the middle cylinder is provided with a second array of apertures communicating the first chamber and the second chamber, the second array of apertures including a plurality of second through-holes spaced circumferentially of the middle cylinder.

9. The membrane oxygenator of claim 8 wherein the second throughbore is a tangential bore, the second throughbore having rounded edges at both ends.

10. The membrane oxygenator of any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein a flow guiding cylinder is further connected to the inside of the inner cylinder, a flow guiding cavity is formed in the flow guiding cylinder, and the outlet of the second chamber, the flow guiding cavity and the blood outlet are sequentially communicated.

11. The membrane oxygenator of claim 10 wherein the outlet of the second chamber is a second array of openings disposed on the inner barrel, the second array of openings including a plurality of second openings spaced circumferentially about the inner barrel.

12. The membrane oxygenator of claim 10 wherein the outlet of the second chamber is a third array of apertures provided on the inner barrel, the third array of apertures including a plurality of third through-holes spaced in both the circumferential and axial directions of the inner barrel.

13. The membrane oxygenator of claim 10 wherein the outlet of the second chamber is a second array of openings and a third array of apertures provided on the inner barrel, the second array of openings including a plurality of second openings spaced circumferentially about the inner barrel, the third array of apertures including a plurality of third through holes spaced circumferentially and axially about the inner barrel, the second openings having an area greater than the area of the third through holes.

14. The membrane oxygenator of claim 12 wherein the third throughbore is a tangential bore, the third throughbore having rounded edges at both ends.

15. The membrane oxygenator of claim 13 wherein the third through hole is a tangential hole, the third through hole having rounded edges at both ends.

16. The membrane oxygenator of claim 10 wherein the outlet of the second chamber is located above the flow-directing chamber, the blood outlet is located in the middle of the bottom end of the housing, and the blood outlet is located below the flow-directing chamber.

17. The membrane oxygenator of claim 10 wherein the interior of the inner barrel is provided with a dead space chamber, the dead space chamber is located above the flow directing chamber, the second chamber, the dead space chamber and the flow directing chamber are in sequential communication, and the diameter of the dead space chamber is greater than the diameter of the flow directing chamber.

18. The membrane oxygenator of claim 17 wherein the dead space chamber is topped by a chamber cover, the chamber cover being of a narrowing configuration from bottom to top, the chamber cover being provided at its apex with an exhaust vent for venting air bubbles accumulated in the dead space chamber.

19. The membrane oxygenator of claim 17 wherein the bottom of the dead space chamber is provided with an annular furling structure, the furling structure is a trumpet-shaped structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the inner wall surface of the furling structure facing the dead space chamber is a curved surface, the upper end of the furling structure is connected with the inner cylinder, the lower end of the furling structure is connected with the draft tube, and the curved surface guides blood entering the dead space chamber into the draft tube.

20. The membrane oxygenator of claim 1 wherein the heat exchange membrane is a bundle of hollow fiber membranes for channeling a heat exchange fluid, the oxygenation membrane is a bundle of hollow fiber membranes for channeling a gas;

the shell is further provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air inlet and an air outlet, an annular liquid inlet cavity, a liquid outlet cavity, an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity are further arranged in the shell, the liquid inlet cavity is communicated with the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet cavity is communicated with the liquid outlet, the air inlet cavity is communicated with the air inlet, the air outlet cavity is communicated with the air outlet, and the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity are located on the outer sides of the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity;

the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity are respectively positioned at two axial ends of the first cavity, the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity are respectively separated from the first cavity through a first potting piece, and a hollow fiber membrane bundle in the first cavity penetrates through the first potting piece and is communicated with the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity;

the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are respectively located at two axial ends of the second cavity, the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity are respectively separated from the second cavity through a second potting piece, and the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the second cavity penetrates through the second potting piece and is communicated with the air inlet cavity and the air outlet cavity.