CN217374635U

CN217374635U - Steering column assembly, steer-by-wire system and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN217374635U
Application number: CN202221548943.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵新富
Original assignee: Xiaomi Automobile Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xiaomi Automobile Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-20
Filing date: 2022-06-20
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-20

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a steering column assembly, a steer-by-wire system and a vehicle. The transmission system of the steering column assembly comprises a first balance wheel, a plurality of pin teeth and an eccentric sleeve, wherein a plurality of gear teeth are arranged on the outer contour of the first balance wheel at intervals along the circumferential direction, the pin teeth are arranged around the outer contour of the first balance wheel and can be meshed with the gear teeth, the eccentric sleeve is used for outputting power of an output shaft of the actuating mechanism, the eccentric sleeve is rotatably connected with the first balance wheel, the axis of the output shaft of the actuating mechanism is offset from the axis of the eccentric sleeve, so that the first balance wheel can revolve and is meshed with the pin teeth in the revolution process to rotate, and the first end of the steering column is connected with the first balance wheel and coaxially transmits the power of the output shaft. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, can provide the steering column assembly that the reduction ratio is big and the structure is compacter, be favorable to arranging in the less space in space.

Description

Steering column assembly, steer-by-wire system and vehicle

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle steering, in particular to a steering column assembly, a steer-by-wire system and a vehicle.

Background

The steering column is typically provided with a transmission mechanism to effect the transfer of power between the drive motor and the steering wheel. The transmission mechanism adopted in the related art, for example, the worm gear reduction mechanism, is not coaxially arranged with the output shaft of the driving motor due to the turbine, so that the size of the transmission mechanism is large, and the transmission mechanism is not favorable for being used in a vehicle with a compact arrangement space.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To overcome the problems in the related art, the present disclosure provides a steering column assembly, a steer-by-wire system, and a vehicle.

According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a steering column assembly comprising: the steering device comprises a steering column, a transmission mechanism and an actuating mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged between the actuating mechanism and the steering column and is used for outputting the power of the actuating mechanism to the steering column;

wherein, drive mechanism includes:

the outer contour of the first balance wheel is provided with a plurality of gear teeth at intervals along the circumferential direction;

a plurality of pin teeth arranged around an outer contour of the first balance and capable of meshing with the gear teeth; and

the eccentric sleeve is used for outputting power of an output shaft of the actuating mechanism, the eccentric sleeve is rotatably connected with the first balance wheel, and the axis of the output shaft is offset from the axis of the eccentric sleeve so that the first balance wheel can revolve and is meshed with the needle teeth to rotate in the process of revolution;

the first end of the steering column is connected with the first balance wheel and coaxially outputs the power of the output shaft, and the second end of the steering column is connected with a steering wheel.

Optionally, the first balance wheel is provided with a central hole and a plurality of pin holes arranged at intervals around the central hole, the eccentric sleeve is rotatably sleeved in the central hole through a bearing, the steering column is connected with the first balance wheel through a plurality of pin shafts, the pin shafts are rotatably sleeved in the pin holes, and the radial dimension of the pin holes is greater than the shaft diameter of the pin shafts.

Optionally, the transmission system further includes a mounting disc, the first side surface of the mounting disc is provided with an input shaft for coaxial connection with the steering column, and the pin shaft is disposed on the second side surface of the mounting disc.

Optionally, the input shaft and the pin shaft are integrally formed on two side surfaces of the mounting plate.

Optionally, the outer periphery of the pin shaft is sleeved with a pin shaft sleeve.

Optionally, the outer circumference of the needle teeth is sleeved with a needle teeth sleeve.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism further includes a second balance wheel having the same configuration as the first balance wheel, a wheel face of the second balance wheel is parallel to a wheel face of the first balance wheel, the eccentric sleeve is configured to include a first sleeve body for cooperating with the first balance wheel and a second sleeve body for cooperating with the second balance wheel, and axes of the first sleeve body and the second sleeve body are offset.

Optionally, the actuating mechanism includes a motor stator and a motor rotor rotatably sleeved inside the motor stator, and the motor rotor is in transmission connection with the eccentric sleeve through the output shaft.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism further includes a housing sleeved on the outer periphery of the first balance, the pin teeth are disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and the pin teeth are fixedly connected with the motor stator.

Optionally, the steering column assembly further includes an angle signal sensor or a torque signal sensor, a collapsing mechanism, and a column adjusting mechanism.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a steer-by-wire system including:

a steering wheel;

a steering column assembly according to any preceding claim, a steering column of the steering column assembly being connected to a steering wheel;

the steering gear is used for driving wheels to steer, and is in communication connection with the steering column assembly; and

and the controller is respectively connected with the steering gear and the actuating mechanism of the steering column assembly and is used for feeding back and outputting the steering torque of the wheels to the steering wheel.

According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including the steer-by-wire system described above.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects: the transmission mechanism of the steering column assembly comprises the first balance wheel, the pin gear and the eccentric sleeve which are matched with each other, a cycloidal pin gear speed reducing mechanism is formed, so that a larger speed reducing ratio can be provided, and the output shafts of the steering column and the actuating mechanism can be coaxially output through the cycloidal pin gear speed reducing mechanism, so that compared with the scheme that the turbine and the output shaft of the driving motor are not coaxially arranged in the related art, the steering column assembly disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the structure is more compact and the size is smaller under the same speed reducing ratio, the larger speed reducing ratio can be provided under the same size, and the space layout of a compact vehicle is more favorable.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a steering column assembly according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of another steering column assembly shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the drive train of the steering column assembly of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a steer-by-wire system shown in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

Description of the reference numerals

1-steering wheel, 2-steering column, 21-steering column rotating shaft, 22-steering column shell and support, 3-transmission mechanism, 31-first balance wheel, 311-gear teeth, 312-central hole, 313-pin hole, 314-bearing, 32-pin teeth, 33-eccentric sleeve, 331-second sleeve body, 332-first sleeve body, 34-pin shaft, 35-second balance wheel, 36-shell body, 37-pin sleeve, 38-pin shaft sleeve, 39-mounting plate, 391-input shaft, 4-actuating mechanism, 41-motor rotor, 42-motor stator, 43-output shaft, 5-steering gear, 6-wheel and 7-controller.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

Unless otherwise specified, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, left, right" are defined according to the directions indicated in the respective drawings, and "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contours of the respective parts themselves. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are intended to distinguish one element from another, and not necessarily to distinguish between order and importance.

It should be noted that all actions of acquiring signals, information or data in the present application are performed under the condition of obtaining authorization given by the owner of the corresponding device under the premise of complying with the corresponding data protection regulation policy of the country of the location.

The steer-by-wire system comprises a steering column assembly located in the cab and a steering gear located on the chassis, wherein the steering column assembly and the steering gear are not connected by mechanical structure, but are connected by communication (shown by dotted lines in fig. 4). With this design, it is difficult for the driver to reliably obtain the driving condition, such as the steering force of the wheels, and to perform an appropriate operation according to the driving condition, because the mechanical feedback cannot be directly received. Thus, in a steer-by-wire system, an actuating mechanism is usually provided, which is capable of transmitting the driving situation to the steering wheel 1 through a transmission mechanism, i.e. in a "simulated" manner so that the driver gets a real driving experience like a traditional mechanical connection. However, the related art transmission system generally has a problem that it is large in size and disadvantageous in spatial layout.

In order to solve the above technical problem, according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a steering column assembly, as shown in fig. 1, including a steering column 2, a transmission mechanism 3, and an actuating mechanism 4, wherein the transmission mechanism 3 is disposed between the actuating mechanism 4 and the steering column 2, and is used for outputting power of the actuating mechanism 4 to the steering column 2. Wherein, drive mechanism 3 includes: a first balance 31, a plurality of teeth 32 and an eccentric sleeve 33. The outer contour of first balance wheel 31 is provided with a plurality of gear teeth 311 at intervals in the axial direction. A plurality of teeth 32 are arranged around the outer contour of first balance 31 and can mesh with teeth 311. The actuating mechanism 4 transmits power to the eccentric sleeve 33 through the output shaft 43, the eccentric sleeve 33 is rotatably connected with the first balance 31, and the axis o of the output shaft 43 of the actuating mechanism 4 is offset from the axis o' of the eccentric sleeve 33, so that the first balance 31 can revolve and rotate by meshing with the pin teeth 32 in the process of revolution. A first end of the steering column 2 is connected to the first wobbler 31 and coaxially transmits the power of the output shaft 43, and a second end of the steering column 2 is connected to the steering wheel 1. alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the steering column 2 may more conventionally include a steering column rotating shaft 21 and a steering column housing and holder 22.

The first balance 31 can revolve around the axis of the output shaft 43 by the eccentric sleeve 33, and the first balance 31 rotates while revolving due to the restriction of the pin teeth 32 during the revolution, so that the first balance 31, the plurality of pin teeth 32, and the eccentric sleeve 33 substantially constitute a cycloidal pin gear speed reduction mechanism. For example, the gear teeth 311 and the pin teeth 32 of the first balance 31 are arranged appropriately to realize a reduction mechanism having a tooth difference of one tooth. The output shaft 43 rotates and drives the eccentric sleeve 33 to rotate for one circle, and the first balance wheel 31 rotates by one tooth in the opposite direction, so that the purpose of speed reduction is achieved. In addition, under the cycloid pin gear mechanism, the steering column 2 can transmit the power of the output shaft 43 coaxially, and compared with the scheme that the turbine and the output shaft of the driving motor are arranged non-coaxially in the related art, the transmission mechanism 3 adopted by the disclosure is more compact in arrangement structure while providing a larger reduction ratio.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects: the transmission mechanism of the steering column assembly comprises the first balance wheel 31, the pin gear 32 and the eccentric sleeve 33 which are matched with each other, so that a cycloidal pin gear speed reducing mechanism is formed, a larger speed reducing ratio can be provided, and the steering column 2 and the output shaft 43 of the actuating mechanism 4 are coaxially output through the cycloidal pin gear speed reducing mechanism, so that compared with the scheme that the turbine and the output shaft of the driving motor are not coaxially arranged in the related art, the steering column assembly disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the structure is more compact and the size is smaller under the same speed reducing ratio, the larger speed reducing ratio can be provided under the same size, and the space layout of a compact vehicle is more favorable.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1 and 3, the first balance 31 is provided with a central hole 312, and the eccentric sleeve 33 is rotatably sleeved in the central hole 312 through a bearing 314. The coaxial sleeving mode can shorten the axial distance of the mechanism and further compact the structure. A plurality of pin holes 313 are provided at intervals around the center hole 312, and the steering column 2 is connected to the first balance 31 by a plurality of pins 34 to output the rotation of the first balance 31 to the steering wheel 1. The pin 34 is rotatably fitted inside the pin hole 313, and the radial dimension of the pin hole 313 is larger than the diameter of the pin 34, so that the pin 34 outputs only the rotation of the first balance 31 without outputting the revolution, and the steering column 2 is coaxially driven with the output shaft 43. To reduce wear during movement, the outer periphery of the pin shaft 34 may be sleeved with a pin bushing 38. Similarly, the outer circumference of the teeth 32 may be fitted with a needle sleeve 37.

The transmission system may further comprise a mounting plate 39, a first side of the mounting plate 39 being provided with an input shaft 391 for coaxial connection with the steering column 2, and the pin shaft 34 being provided on a second side of the mounting plate 39. In this way, the rotation of the first balance 31 output from the plurality of pins 34 is converted into rotation of the mounting plate 39, and the power is transmitted to the steering column 2 coaxially connected to the input shaft 391 by the input shaft 391. Alternatively, the input shaft 391 and the pin shaft 34 are integrally formed on both sides of the mounting plate 39. The integrated design is beneficial to reducing the number of parts to be installed in the mechanism, and the strength of the structure can be improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, transmission 3 may also comprise a second balance 35 of the same configuration as first balance 31, the tread of second balance 35 being parallel to the tread of first balance 31, eccentric sleeve 33 being configured to comprise a first sleeve 332 for cooperating with first balance 31 and a second sleeve 331 for cooperating with second balance 35, and axis o' of first sleeve 332 and axis o "of second sleeve 331 being offset. In other words, by adding the second balance 35, a double balance system is formed, corresponding to a system comprising only the first balance 31 being a single balance system. The working principle of the double-pendulum wheel system is similar to that of the single-pendulum wheel system, and the double-pendulum wheel system can be regarded as a cycloidal pin wheel speed reducing mechanism. Compared with a single-pendulum wheel system, the double-pendulum wheel system is more stable in operation and lower in noise.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the actuating mechanism 4 may include a motor stator 42 and a motor rotor 41 rotatably sleeved inside the motor stator 42. After the motor stator 42 is powered on, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the coil of the motor stator 42, an induction current is generated in the motor rotor 41, and the motor rotor 41 is driven to rotate by the electromagnetic torque of the alternating magnetic field generated by the motor stator 42. The motor rotor 41 is in transmission connection with the eccentric sleeve 33 through an output shaft 43. It should be understood that any other form of motor, such as stepper motors and servo motors, etc., can be used in the present disclosure for actuation purposes. Optionally, the transmission mechanism 3 may further include a casing 36 sleeved on the outer periphery of the first balance 31, the pin teeth 32 are disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the casing 36, and the pin teeth 32 are fixedly connected with the motor stator 42. The housing 36 can serve both for protecting the gear mechanism 3 and as a support for the mounting of the pin teeth 32.

In addition, the steering column assembly may further include an angle signal sensor or a torque signal sensor, a collapsing mechanism, and a column adjustment mechanism (not shown), the angle signal sensor or the torque signal sensor may be in communication connection with the steering gear 5 described below, the collapsing mechanism is used for collapsing energy absorption, and the column adjustment mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the steering column 2, so that the height and the position of the steering wheel 1 can be adapted to drivers with different heights.

As shown in fig. 4, according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a steer-by-wire system including a steering wheel 1, a steering column assembly, a steering gear 5, and a controller 7. The steering column assembly is the steering column assembly of any one of the above embodiments, and has all the advantages thereof. The steering column 2 of the steering column assembly is connected with a steering wheel 1. A steering gear 5 is arranged on the chassis to steer the wheels 6 via the axle. The steering system of the present disclosure is a steer-by-wire system, i.e., a communicative connection between the steering gear 5 and the steering column assembly. The controller 7 is connected with the steering gear 5 and the actuating mechanism 4 of the steering column assembly respectively, and is used for outputting the torque of steering of the wheels 6 to the steering wheel 1 in a feedback mode.

The operation of the steer-by-wire system of the present disclosure is described below by way of example.

Forward driving: in fig. 1 and 2, power is transmitted from right to left, and in fig. 4, power is transmitted from top to bottom. When steering is needed, a driver rotates the steering wheel 1, the steering wheel 1 drives the steering column 2 and the input shaft 391 to rotate, the transmission mechanism 3 is driven to work through the pin shaft 34, and the transmission mechanism 3 transmits the driving force of the steering wheel 1 to the motor rotor 41 through the output shaft 43 of the actuating mechanism 4. Then, a steering signal of the motor rotor 41 is sent to the steering gear 5 through the communication connection between the steering column assembly and the steering gear 5, and the steering gear 5 drives the wheels 6 to steer.

Feedback torque: fig. 1 and 2 are views from left to right and fig. 4 is a view from bottom to top. According to the moment generated when the wheels 6 turn, the controller drives the motor rotor 41 to rotate, the motor rotor 41 outputs power to the transmission mechanism 3 through the output shaft 43, the transmission mechanism 3 drives the pin shaft 34 to transmit the power to the steering wheel 1 through the input shaft 391 and the steering column 2, and therefore feedback moment is provided for a driver, and the driver can obtain real driving experience like traditional mechanical connection.

According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including the steer-by-wire system described above, and having all the advantages thereof, which will not be described herein again.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A steering column assembly, comprising: the steering device comprises a steering column, a transmission mechanism and an actuating mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged between the actuating mechanism and the steering column and is used for outputting the power of the actuating mechanism to the steering column;

wherein, drive mechanism includes:

2. The steering column assembly of claim 1, wherein the first wobbler is provided with a central hole and a plurality of pin holes spaced around the central hole, the eccentric sleeve is rotatably sleeved in the central hole through a bearing, the steering column is connected to the first wobbler through a plurality of pin shafts, the pin shafts are rotatably sleeved in the pin holes, and the radial dimension of the pin holes is greater than the axial diameter of the pin shafts.

3. The steering column assembly of claim 2, wherein the transmission mechanism further comprises a mounting plate, wherein an input shaft for coaxial connection with the steering column is disposed on a first side of the mounting plate, and the pin shaft is disposed on a second side of the mounting plate.

4. A steering column assembly according to claim 3 in which the input shaft and the pin are integrally formed on both sides of the mounting plate.

5. The steering column assembly of claim 2, wherein the pin shaft is sleeved around the pin shaft with a pin bushing.

6. The steering column assembly of claim 1, wherein the outer periphery of the pin gear is sleeved with a pin gear sleeve.

7. The steering column assembly of claim 1, wherein the transmission further comprises a second wobbler of the same configuration as the first wobbler, a tread of the second wobbler is parallel to a tread of the first wobbler, the eccentric bushing is configured to include a first bushing body for mating with the first wobbler and a second bushing body for mating with the second wobbler, and axes of the first bushing body and the second bushing body are offset.

8. The steering column assembly of claim 1, wherein the actuating mechanism includes a motor stator and a motor rotor rotatably disposed within the motor stator, the motor rotor being drivingly coupled to the eccentric sleeve via the output shaft.

9. The steering column assembly of claim 8, wherein the transmission mechanism further comprises a housing sleeved on the outer periphery of the first balance wheel, the pin teeth are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the housing and fixedly connected with the motor stator.

10. The steering column assembly of claim 1, further comprising an angle or torque signal sensor, a collapse mechanism, a column adjustment mechanism.

11. A steer-by-wire system, comprising:

a steering wheel;

a steering column assembly according to any of claims 1 to 10 in which the steering column is connected to a steering wheel;

12. A vehicle characterized by comprising a steer-by-wire system according to claim 11.