CN217366047U

CN217366047U - Bendable intramedullary nail

Info

Publication number: CN217366047U
Application number: CN202122799414.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李腾飞; 贺文涛; 孙云; 戴会新; 李菲
Original assignee: Wuhan Topology Transformation Medical Research Center Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Topology Transformation Medical Research Center Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-16
Filing date: 2021-11-16
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a bendable intramedullary nail, which comprises a main nail body, an expansion column, a rotating shaft, a positioning plate and a screw, wherein the main nail body comprises a near-end nail body, a middle nail body, a far-end nail body and a locking line; the near-end nail body, the middle nail body and the far-end nail body are hinged in pairs; at least 3 locking lines are arranged, and all the locking lines penetrate through the main nail body; the expansion column is arranged in the proximal nail body and can rotate in the proximal nail body for a certain angle; the rotating shaft is detachably arranged at the outer end of the near-end nail body; the positioning plate is detachably arranged on the rotating shaft; the screw is configured with the guide screw hole. The utility model discloses can just gentle conversion, implant the pulp cavity at flexible state, the physiology radian of adaptable human skeleton avoids puncturing the bone cortex simultaneously, implants and converts rigid state after accomplishing, can accomplish the fixed of intramedullary nail.

Description

Bendable intramedullary nail

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an intramedullary device, in particular to a bendable intramedullary nail for minimally invasive reduction internal fixation of fracture.

Background

The current operation modes used for fracture are incision reduction internal fixation and minimally invasive reduction internal fixation.

The cutting reduction internal fixation needs to cut tissues and place the tissues into a steel plate for fixation, and the method has large operation incision, more complications and slow postoperative recovery and is not used gradually at present.

Minimally invasive reduction internal fixation is the latest treatment method for treating fracture. The existing minimally invasive reduction internal fixation fixes the fracture by inserting the hollow screw, but the shape of partial skeleton of a human body is irregular, certain physiological radian exists, and the commonly used hollow screw is a straight screw, so that the method is difficult to accurately insert the hollow screw, and the hollow screw easily punctures cortical bone to accidentally injure complications of peripheral important blood vessels and nerves.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a bendable intramedullary nail.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:

a bendable intramedullary nail comprises a main nail body, an expansion column, a rotating shaft, a positioning plate and a screw;

the main nail body comprises a near-end nail body, a middle nail body, a far-end nail body and a locking line; the near-end nail body is radially provided with a near-end through hole for inserting the screw, and the inner wall of the near-end nail body is provided with half holes with the number consistent with that of the locking lines and at least one rotating groove; one end of the middle nail body is hinged with the near-end nail body, and the other end of the middle nail body is hinged with the far-end nail body; the far-end nail body is provided with an external thread; the number of the locking lines is at least 3, one end of each locking line is connected with the far-end nail body, and the other end of each locking line penetrates through the middle nail body and extends out of the half hole of the near-end nail body;

the expansion column is arranged in the near-end nail body, the periphery of the expansion column is provided with clamping grooves and clamping protrusions with the number consistent with that of the locking lines and rotating protrusions capable of rotating for a certain displacement in the rotating grooves, when the rotating protrusions are in an initial state, the clamping grooves fix the locking lines in the half holes, and after the rotating protrusions rotate for a certain displacement, the clamping protrusions rotate to the positions of the half holes and clamp the locking lines in the half holes;

the rotating shaft is detachably arranged at the outer end of the near-end nail body and is provided with an axial through hole for all the locking wires to pass through along the axial direction;

the positioning plate is detachably arranged on the rotating shaft and provided with a transverse plate axially parallel to the main nail body, a guide screw hole is formed in the transverse plate, and the guide screw hole and the near-end through hole of the near-end nail body are coaxially arranged;

the screw is configured with the guide screw hole from the guide screw hole into the proximal through hole for causing the expansion column disposed within the proximal nail body to undergo expansion deformation.

According to the technical scheme, the middle nail body comprises at least two movable joints, and every two adjacent movable joints are hinged in a staggered mode through a pin shaft.

According to the technical scheme, the number of the movable sections is 3-20.

According to the technical scheme, the length of the movable joint is 4-10 mm.

According to the technical scheme, the aperture of the axial through hole is 1 mm-2.5 mm.

According to the technical scheme, the rotating shaft is connected with the near-end nail body through the clamping groove structure.

According to the technical scheme, the expansion column is made of high polymer materials.

According to the technical scheme, the positioning plate further comprises a screw positioning tube arranged between the guide screw hole and the near-end through hole, the screw positioning tube is fixedly installed on the transverse plate, and the diameter of the screw positioning tube is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the screw.

The utility model discloses the beneficial effect who produces is:

the utility model provides a flexible intramedullary nail, its main nail body with the intramedullary nail divide into the three-section of articulated connection, just so can make main nail body crooked to adapt to the physiology radian of human skeleton, simultaneously, the utility model discloses a relaxation and the tensioning of locking line can realize the transition of main nail body flexibility state and rigidity state, specifically make the locking line relax or lock for the structural design through the inflation post, and make the inflation post take place the inflation deformation through the screw and further advance locking to the locking line, after the main nail body of flexibility state implanted fracture department, implanted self-tapping screw, make the inflation post take place the inflation deformation, thereby lock the locking line to the tensioning state, main nail body was in the rigidity state this moment, accomplishes the intramedullary nail implantation promptly.

The utility model provides an intramedullary nail can just gentle conversion, implants the pulp chamber at the flexible state, and the physiological radian of adaptable skeleton avoids puncturing the cortex lycii simultaneously, and the implantation converts the rigid state into after accomplishing, can accomplish the fixed of intramedullary nail.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the main nail body in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention having a screw retaining tube;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention after the screw is inserted and expanded;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotating shaft and the L-shaped guide plate in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the proximal shank with the rotary knob in an initial state;

fig. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the proximal shank after a certain displacement of the rotary knob.

In the figure: 100-main nail body, 101-near end nail body, 101.1-near end through hole, 101.2-half hole, 101.3-rotary groove, 102-middle nail body, 102.1-movable joint, 103-far end nail body, 103.1-external thread, 104-locking line, 200-rotary shaft, 200.1-axial through hole, 300-L type guide plate, 301-vertical plate, 302-horizontal plate, 303-guide screw hole, 305-screw positioning tube, 400-expansion column, 400.1-clamping groove, 400.2-clamping protrusion, 400.3-rotary protrusion and 500-screw.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

A bendable intramedullary nail, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, comprising a main nail body 100, an expansion column 400, a rotating shaft 200, a positioning plate 300 and a screw 500;

as shown in fig. 2, the main shank 100 includes a proximal shank 101, an intermediate shank 102, a distal shank 103, and a locking wire 104; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the proximal nail body 101 is provided with a proximal through hole 101.1 along the radial direction for inserting the screw 500, and the inner wall of the proximal nail body 101 is provided with half holes 101.2 with the same number as the locking lines and at least one rotating groove 101.3; one end of the middle nail body 102 is hinged with the near-end nail body 101, and the other end is hinged with the far-end nail body 103; the distal nail body 103 is provided with an external thread 103.1; at least 3 locking lines 104 are arranged, so that the main nail body in a locking state can be ensured to be firmer, one end of each locking line 104 is connected with the far-end nail body 103, and the other end of each locking line penetrates through the middle nail body 102 and extends out of the half hole 101.2 of the near-end nail body 101;

as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the expansion column 400 is arranged in the proximal nail body 101, the periphery of the expansion column is provided with clamping grooves 400.1 and clamping protrusions 400.2 with the same number as the locking wires and a rotating protrusion 400.3 capable of rotating for a certain displacement in the rotating groove 101.3, when the rotating protrusion 400.3 is in an initial state, the clamping grooves 400.1 fix the locking wires 104 in the half holes 101.2, and when the rotating protrusion 400.3 rotates for a positioning displacement, the clamping protrusions 400.2 rotate to the position of the half holes 101.2 and clamp the locking wires 104 in the half holes 101.2;

as shown in fig. 1, the rotating shaft 200 is detachably mounted at the outer end of the proximal nail body 101, the rotating shaft 200 is provided with an axial through hole 200.1 along the axial direction for all the locking wires 104 to pass through, the rotating shaft part provides positioning and driving for an operator to hold and is connected with the proximal nail body, the main nail body can be driven to rotate by rotating the rotating shaft to complete the implantation of the intramedullary nail, the proximal nail body is used as a connecting part between the main nail body and the rotating shaft, and contains an expansion column and has positioning and driving characteristics with the rotating shaft part;

as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the positioning plate 300 is detachably mounted on the rotating shaft 200, the positioning plate 300 is provided with a horizontal plate 302 which is axially parallel to the main nail body 100, the horizontal plate 302 is provided with a guide screw hole 303, and the guide screw hole 303 is coaxially arranged with the proximal through hole 101.1 of the proximal nail body 101, in this example, the positioning plate 300 is designed to be L-shaped and further comprises a vertical plate 301 mounted on the rotating shaft 200;

as shown in fig. 4, a screw 500 is disposed with the guide screw hole 303, which is inserted into the proximal through hole 101.1 from the guide screw hole 303, for expanding and deforming the expansion cylinder 400 disposed in the proximal nail body 101, thereby further locking the locking wire in a tensioned state.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the middle nail body 102 includes at least two movable joints 102.1, and two adjacent movable joints 102.1 are hinged to each other by a pin. Appropriate gaps are left between the proximal nail body and the middle nail body and between the middle nail body and the distal nail body, so that the proximal nail body and the middle nail body can have a certain distance of micrometer momentum, usually in the order of mm, along the radial direction and the axial direction, and the bending of the main nail body is realized. The number of the movable joints can be adjusted according to needs, and the adjacent movable joints can rotate freely in the implantation process to adapt to the physiological radian of bones, so that the more the number of the movable joints is, the better the bending radian of the middle nail body is, and in addition, the number of the movable joints can be adjusted according to the length requirements of the main nail body to adapt to the use needs of different lengths. Preferably, the number of the movable joints 102.1 is 3-20, and the length of the movable joints 102.1 is 4-10 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the aperture of the axial through hole 200.1 is 1mm to 2.5 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the rotation shaft 200 is connected to the proximal nail body 101 through a slot structure, and the connection mode is simple to assemble and disassemble.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expansion column is made of polymer material, and may also be made of fiber.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the positioning plate 300 further includes a screw positioning tube 305 disposed between the guide screw hole 303 and the proximal through hole 101.1, the screw positioning tube 305 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal plate 302, and the diameter of the screw positioning tube 305 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the screw 500. The screw can be quickly and accurately inserted into the proximal through hole 101.1 by the screw positioning tube 305.

Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 1-7, the present invention further provides a method for using the bendable intramedullary nail, wherein the intramedullary nail adopts the bendable intramedullary nail, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1, the rotating shaft 200 is installed on the main nail body 100, all the locking wires 104 extend out of the rotating shaft 200 through the axial through hole 200.1, so that the locking wires 104 are in a loose state, at the moment, the intramedullary nail is in a flexible state, and the intramedullary nail is placed in the fracture part in compliance with the physiological radian of the skeleton along with the guiding function of the guide pin or the guide wire

S2, mounting the positioning plate 300 on the rotating shaft 200, and enabling the guide screw hole 303 of the positioning plate 300 to be coaxially arranged with the proximal through hole 101.1 of the proximal nail body 101;

s3, sequentially tensioning all the locking wires and keeping the locking wires tensioned, and enabling screws to enter the proximal through holes 101.1 from the guide screw holes 303, so that the expansion columns 400 arranged in the proximal nail body 101 are expanded and deformed to lock the locking wires in a tensioned state, and at the moment, the intramedullary nail is changed into a rigid state to complete the fixation of the fracture;

s4, separating the rotating shaft from the main nail body and cutting off the redundant locking thread.

The method has the beneficial effects that: the main nail body is in a flexible state to adapt to the physiological radian of the skeleton, after the main nail body is implanted to a preset position, a screw is implanted, the expansion column is rotated to clamp the locking wire, then the expansion column is expanded and deformed through the screw, so that the locking wire in the tensioned state is further locked, the main nail body is converted into a rigid state, and the fixation of the intramedullary nail is completed.

The utility model is used for the internal fixation that resets of wicresoft of fracture.

When the main nail body of the utility model is in a flexible state, the main nail body is connected with the rotating shaft part into a whole, the intramedullary nail is implanted into the fracture part through the guide wire or the guide pin, and the intramedullary nail can rotate freely between the adjacent movable joints in the implantation process so as to adapt to the physiological radian of the skeleton. After the intramedullary nail is implanted to a preset position, a self-tapping screw is implanted into the near-end through hole of the near-end nail body through the guide plate, then the expansion column in the near-end nail body is expanded, so that the locking wire is locked, the intramedullary nail is converted into a rigid state at the moment, and then the rotating shaft is removed, thus completing the implantation of the intramedullary nail. The rotating shaft is detachably connected with the near-end nail body.

The utility model can be switched between rigid and flexible states, can be implanted into the medullary cavity in a flexible state, and can adapt to the physiological radian of bones, thereby avoiding puncturing the cortex of the bone; in addition, the utility model can adjust the length of the main nail body of the intramedullary nail by adjusting the number of the movable joints so as to adapt to different use requirements.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A bendable intramedullary nail is characterized by comprising a main nail body (100), an expansion column (400), a rotating shaft (200), a positioning plate (300) and a screw (500);

the main nail body (100) comprises a near-end nail body (101), an intermediate nail body (102), a far-end nail body (103) and a locking line (104); a near-end through hole (101.1) for inserting the screw (500) is radially arranged on the near-end nail body (101), and half holes (101.2) and at least one rotating groove (101.3) with the same number as the locking lines are arranged on the inner wall of the near-end nail body (101); one end of the middle nail body (102) is hinged with the near-end nail body (101), and the other end of the middle nail body is hinged with the far-end nail body (103); an external thread (103.1) is arranged on the distal nail body (103); at least 3 locking lines (104) are arranged, one end of each locking line (104) is connected with the far-end nail body (103), and the other end of each locking line penetrates through the middle nail body (102) and extends out of the half hole (101.2) of the near-end nail body (101);

the expansion column (400) is arranged in the proximal nail body (101), the periphery of the expansion column is provided with clamping grooves (400.1) and clamping protrusions (400.2) which are consistent with the number of the locking wires, and a rotating protrusion (400.3) which can rotate for a certain displacement in the rotating groove (101.3), when the rotating protrusion (400.3) is in an initial state, the clamping grooves (400.1) fix the locking wires (104) in the half holes (101.2), and when the rotating protrusion (400.3) rotates for a positioning displacement, the clamping protrusions (400.2) rotate to the position of the half holes (101.2) and clamp the locking wires (104) in the half holes (101.2);

the rotating shaft (200) is detachably arranged at the outer end of the proximal nail body (101), and an axial through hole (200.1) through which all the locking wires (104) can penetrate is formed in the rotating shaft (200) along the axial direction;

the positioning plate (300) is detachably mounted on the rotating shaft (200), the positioning plate (300) is provided with a transverse plate (302) which is axially parallel to the main nail body (100), the transverse plate (302) is provided with a guide screw hole (303), and the guide screw hole (303) is coaxially arranged with a near-end through hole (101.1) of the near-end nail body (101);

the screw (500) is configured with the guide screw hole (303), and enters the proximal through hole (101.1) from the guide screw hole (303) for expanding and deforming the expansion column (400) arranged in the proximal nail body (101).

2. The bendable intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the intermediate nail body (102) comprises at least two movable joints (102.1), and the adjacent two movable joints (102.1) are hinged with each other in a staggered manner by a pin shaft.

3. The bendable intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of active nodes (102.1) is 3-20.

4. The bendable intramedullary nail according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the movable joint (102.1) is 4-10 mm.

5. The bendable intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that the bore diameter of the axial through hole (200.1) is between 1mm and 2.5 mm.

6. The bendable intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the rotation shaft (200) is connected to the proximal shank (101) by a bayonet structure.

7. The bendable intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the expansion post is an expansion post made of a polymer material.

8. The bendable intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein the positioning plate (300) further comprises a screw positioning tube (305) disposed between the guide screw hole (303) and the proximal through hole (101.1), the screw positioning tube (305) is fixedly mounted on the transverse plate (302), and the diameter of the screw positioning tube (305) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the screw (500).