CN217361656U - Device for carrying out rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change - Google Patents
Device for carrying out rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change Download PDFInfo
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- CN217361656U CN217361656U CN202221371334.6U CN202221371334U CN217361656U CN 217361656 U CN217361656 U CN 217361656U CN 202221371334 U CN202221371334 U CN 202221371334U CN 217361656 U CN217361656 U CN 217361656U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device based on heat-conduction carries out quick heat exchange with medium phase transition, the device includes: at least one group of heat exchange components comprises a hydrogen heat exchange part, an air heat exchange part and an integrated device shell; the hydrogen heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a first direction, the air heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a second direction, and the first direction is intersected with the second direction; the hydrogen heat transfer portion is located air heat transfer portion top, and the high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion rises and carries out the heat transfer with the low-temperature hydrogen of the hydrogen heat transfer portion of top, and the low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion is based on the gravity decline back and is carried out the heat transfer again with the air heat transfer portion of below, and reciprocating circulation is to high-temperature air cooling, heats low-temperature hydrogen in order to realize quick heat exchange. The utility model effectively improves the integration level of the whole machine; the cooling liquid capacity in the thermal management system is reduced, the response speed of system temperature control is improved, and the robustness of the thermal management system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cell, especially, relate to a device based on heat-conduction carries out quick heat exchange with medium phase transition.
Background
With the increasing emphasis on energy problems and environmental pollution problems, new energy automobiles are receiving more and more attention as a substitute of the conventional fuel automobiles, and electric automobiles using lithium ion batteries as power sources have become research hotspots of various automobile manufacturers and scientific research institutions. Similar to the traditional engine, the lithium ion power battery can emit heat in the working process, and if no proper heat management solution is available, thermal runaway is easy to occur, so that the power battery is ignited, burnt and even exploded, and the personal safety of drivers and passengers is seriously threatened. In the current sold electric automobile models, the heat dissipation of the power battery mainly depends on an air convection mode and a liquid convection mode, and the liquid medium has the advantages that the battery module can achieve better temperature uniformity due to higher heat conductivity coefficient, and the like, so that the heat dissipation of the power battery is considered as the development direction of a future power battery heat management system. However, in addition to the heat dissipation required during normal operation of the power battery, preheating of the battery pack is required under low temperature conditions, especially when the ambient temperature is below 0 ℃. Research has shown that when a power battery is discharged at a temperature lower than 0 ℃, the internal resistance of the power battery is increased sharply, thereby affecting the service life of the power battery.
The heat transfer path of the temperature control device provided by the related technology is that an intercooler and a hydrogen heat exchanger are connected in series and then connected with a main circuit of a thermal management system in parallel, and pipelines for connecting all parts are required to be arranged for branches of the intercooler and the hydrogen heat exchanger.
However, the temperature control method provided by the related art has high temperature control delay, the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid is large, and the branch of the main circuit of the thermal management system, in which the intercooler and the hydrogen heat exchanger are connected in series, is connected in parallel, so that the capacity of the cooling liquid of the system is increased, which is not beneficial to improving the delay of the system on temperature control and reducing the robustness of the temperature control of the thermal management system; and the water pump load is larger, and the development difficulty is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an adopt and flow the free method of extension method preparation metal support altogether, can solve the metal support monomer that adopts the impregnation method to prepare, after long-term operation, can appear the problem of the coarsening that grows up of crystalline grain, cause the decay of battery performance, influence the technical problem of stability.
The utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
an apparatus for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and phase change of a medium, the apparatus comprising:
at least one group of heat exchange components comprises a hydrogen heat exchange part, an air heat exchange part and an integrated device shell;
the hydrogen heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a first direction, the air heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a second direction, and the first direction is intersected with the second direction;
the hydrogen heat transfer portion is located air heat transfer portion top, high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion rises with the top the low-temperature hydrogen of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer, low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer again with the air heat transfer portion of below after descending based on gravity, and reciprocating circulation is to high-temperature air cooling, heats low-temperature hydrogen in order to realize quick heat exchange.
In an alternative embodiment, the angle α between the first direction and the second direction is in the range 0 ° < α < 90 °, 90 ° < α < 180 °.
In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises a phase change material filled in the integrated device shell, and the phase change material can change phase when absorbing or releasing heat.
In an alternative embodiment, the phase change material is filled in the integrated device shell at a height not higher than the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanging part and not lower than the top of the air heat exchanging part.
In an optional embodiment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises a heat exchange pipe arranged around the hydrogen heat exchange part and the air heat exchange part along a circumferential direction.
In an alternative embodiment, the diameter of the heat exchange tube is larger than the distance between two adjacent heat exchange tubes, and the diameters of all the heat exchange tubes are the same.
In an optional embodiment, the hydrogen heat exchange part comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogen cavity is arranged in the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the extending direction of the hydrogen cavity is perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange tube.
In an alternative embodiment, the air heat exchanging portion includes an intercooler having air chambers extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchanging pipes and intersecting with but not perpendicular to the direction of extension of the hydrogen chambers.
In an alternative embodiment, a preset distance is provided between the hydrogen heat exchanging part and the air heat exchanging part, and the preset distance is half of the length of the hydrogen heat exchanging part or the air heat exchanging part.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen flows in the direction opposite to the air flow direction in the hydrogen heat exchanging part and the air heat exchanging part.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a device has following beneficial effect at least:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a device carries out the heat transfer to the hydrogen that gets into the pile through hydrogen heat transfer portion, set up in the integrated device casing along the first direction based on hydrogen heat transfer portion, air heat transfer portion sets up in the integrated device casing along the second direction, and first direction and second direction are crossing, high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion can rise to the top and carry out the heat transfer with the low-temperature hydrogen of hydrogen heat transfer portion, low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer again with the air heat transfer portion of below after descending based on gravity, the reciprocating cycle, to high-temperature air cooling, heat in order to realize quick heat exchange to low-temperature hydrogen. The device provided by the embodiment of the utility model shortens the heat transfer path, integrates the hydrogen heat exchange part and the air heat exchange part in the integrated device shell, is independent of the heat management system, cancels the original pipeline for connecting each part, reduces the number of parts and effectively improves the integration level of the whole machine; based on the embodiment of the utility model provides a device cancels the original pipeline of connecting each part, reduces the coolant liquid capacity among the thermal management system, has promoted system temperature control's response speed, has improved thermal management system's robustness. And integrate hydrogen heat transfer portion and air heat transfer portion together to outside being independent of the thermal management system, carry out effective heat transfer with the help of the high temperature air in the engine system and low temperature or normal atmospheric temperature hydrogen, avoided the demand of hydrogen heat transfer portion and air heat transfer portion to the coolant flow, and then reduced water pump development demand and development degree of difficulty.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchange device adopted in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a heat exchange device adopted in the prior art;
fig. 3 shows a detailed structural schematic diagram of a heat exchange device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numbers are:
the device comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger 1, an intercooler 2, an integrated device shell 3, a phase change material 4, a heat exchange tube 5, a hydrogen cylinder 6, a pressure reducing valve 7, a fuel cell stack 8, a water diversion piece 9, an air filter 10, an air compressor 11 and a humidifier 12.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "or" means "and/or" unless specifically stated otherwise. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
In the working process of a hydrogen fuel cell engine, a hydrogen system is used as a fuel supply system, an air system is used as an oxidant supply system, in order to control the stack inlet temperature or the condensate water content of two paths of hydrogen and air, in the related technology, heat exchange is carried out on high-temperature air entering a fuel cell stack 8 through an air heat exchange part and a hydrogen heat exchange part, and heat exchange is carried out on low-temperature hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 8, but in the prior art, the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part are connected in series and then connected in parallel with a heat management system, so that the whole heat management system is formed. As shown in detail in fig. 1 and 2. The air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part are connected in series and then connected with the main circuit of the heat management system in parallel, and pipelines for connecting all parts need to be arranged for the branches of the intercooler 2 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 1. The specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid is large, and the main circuit of the heat management system is connected with the branch circuit formed by connecting the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part in series in parallel, so that the capacity of the cooling liquid of the system is increased, the delay of the system on temperature control is not favorably improved, and the robustness of the temperature control of the heat management system is reduced; the industrial focused high-power hydrogen fuel engine has the advantages that the heat dissipation capacity is increased rapidly, the limitation of the arrangement of a radiator of the whole vehicle is large, the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part are connected in parallel on a main path of a heat management system, the load of a water pump is increased, and the reliability maintenance in the life cycle of the water pump is not facilitated; the power demand of the water pump is increased, which is not beneficial to improving the rated power of the engine system. In view of this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a device based on heat-conduction carries out quick heat exchange with medium phase transition can solve above-mentioned technical problem.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, fig. 3 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of a device for performing rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for performing rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a side view of fig. 4.
An apparatus for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change, the apparatus comprising:
at least one group of heat exchange components comprises a hydrogen heat exchange part, an air heat exchange part and an integrated device shell 3;
the hydrogen heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell 3 along a first direction, the air heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell 3 along a second direction, and the first direction is intersected with the second direction;
the hydrogen heat transfer portion is located air heat transfer portion top, and the high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion rises and carries out the heat transfer with the low-temperature hydrogen of the hydrogen heat transfer portion of top, and the low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion is based on the gravity decline back and is carried out the heat transfer again with the air heat transfer portion of below, and reciprocating circulation is to high-temperature air cooling, heats low-temperature hydrogen in order to realize quick heat exchange.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a device has following beneficial effect at least:
the embodiment of the utility model provides a device carries out the heat transfer to the hydrogen that gets into fuel cell pile 8 through hydrogen heat transfer portion, set up in integrated device casing 3 along the first direction based on hydrogen heat transfer portion, air heat transfer portion sets up in integrated device casing 3 along the second direction, and first direction is crossing with the second direction, high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion can rise to the top and carry out the heat transfer with the low-temperature hydrogen of hydrogen heat transfer portion, low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer with the air heat transfer portion of below once more after descending based on gravity, the reciprocating cycle, to high-temperature air cooling, heat in order to realize quick heat exchange to low-temperature hydrogen. The device provided by the embodiment of the utility model shortens the heat transfer path, integrates the hydrogen heat exchange part and the air heat exchange part in the integrated device shell 3, is independent of the heat management system, cancels the original pipeline for connecting each part, reduces the number of parts and effectively improves the integration level of the whole device; based on the embodiment of the utility model provides a device cancels the original pipeline of connecting each part, reduces the coolant liquid capacity among the thermal management system, has promoted system temperature control's response speed, has improved thermal management system's robustness. And integrate hydrogen heat transfer portion and air heat transfer portion together to outside being independent of the thermal management system, carry out effective heat transfer with the help of the high temperature air in the engine system and low temperature or normal atmospheric temperature hydrogen, avoided the demand of hydrogen heat transfer portion and air heat transfer portion to the coolant flow, and then reduced water pump development demand and development degree of difficulty.
The apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention is further explained and described below by means of alternative embodiments.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchange assembly which can be a set of heat exchange assemblies, and also can be two sets, three sets or four sets according to the use condition of a fuel cell.
Further, a plurality of groups of heat exchange assemblies can be arranged side by side at intervals.
In an alternative embodiment, the angle α between the first direction and the second direction is in the range 0 ° < α < 90 °, 90 ° < α < 180 °.
When the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part are in a vertical position relation, the transmission of working media inside the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part can be influenced due to the action of gravity, so that the heat transfer is limited. When the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part are in a horizontal position relationship, the phase change media outside the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part cannot effectively utilize the air heat exchange part and the hydrogen heat exchange part to carry out liquid-gas-liquid circulation at low temperature or normal temperature.
Further, the first direction intersects the second direction but is not perpendicular nor parallel.
Further, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be 30 °, 60 °, 80 °, 100 °, 120 °, etc. The embodiment of the utility model provides an contained angle to first direction and second direction is not limited to this.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises a phase change material 4, the phase change material 4 is filled in the integrated device shell 3, and the phase change material 4 can change phase when absorbing or releasing heat.
The main working principle of phase change heat exchange is to utilize the latent heat change of liquid-gas phase change or solid-liquid phase change to carry out effective heat exchange. The embodiment of the utility model provides a phase change material 4 carries out the heat transfer and mainly utilizes the liquid gas phase transition to carry out the heat exchange. Further, the phase change material 4 may be a material for realizing liquid-gas phase change, and the evaporation temperature should not exceed 80 ℃, and the condensation temperature should be close to normal temperature. The specific phase-change material may be R134A material.
In an alternative embodiment, the phase change material 4 is filled in the integrated device housing 3 at a height not higher than the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanging part and not lower than the top of the air heat exchanging part. The filling position of the phase change material 4 should be determined according to the use environment, but should not exceed 3/4 of the height of the lower intercooler 2.
It should be noted that phase change material 4 can take place the phase transition after the heat absorption or release, as an example, work as the embodiment of the utility model provides a phase change material 4 becomes the gaseous phase by the liquid phase after the heat absorption of air heat transfer portion, the material after the phase transition rises to carry out the heat transfer to the low temperature hydrogen that is located the top, consequently through setting up the bottom that phase change material 4 fills highly for not being higher than hydrogen heat transfer portion in integrated device casing 3, be not less than the top of air heat transfer portion, rise and descend to reserve certain space after phase change material 4 phase transitions, improve heat transfer circulation's efficiency.
Further, it can be known through experiments that the heat exchange effect is the best when the phase change material 4 is filled in the integrated device housing 3 at a height not higher than the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchange part and not lower than the top of the air heat exchange part. As an example, the filling height of the phase change material 4 in the integrated device housing 3 may also be determined according to the usage, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat exchange assembly further comprises heat exchange tubes 5, and the heat exchange tubes 5 are circumferentially arranged around the hydrogen heat exchange portion and the air heat exchange portion.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the utility model provides a heat exchange tube 5 heat transfer also is a evolution of phase transition heat transfer in the strictest, also mainly utilizes liquid-gas phase transition to carry out the heat exchange, nevertheless requires service environment to possess effectual heat absorption and exothermic condition, and this high temperature air and low temperature or normal atmospheric temperature hydrogen in can utilizing hydrogen fuel engine system just can inhale heat. The heat exchange pipe 5 is adopted for heat exchange, so that the high temperature and the low temperature generated in the fuel cell system can be effectively utilized for heat exchange, and the working environment of the fuel cell system is improved.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchange tube 5 can be a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes 5 surround around the hydrogen heat exchanger 1.
In an alternative embodiment, the diameter of the heat exchange tube 5 is larger than the distance between two adjacent heat exchange tubes 5, and the diameters of all the heat exchange tubes 5 are the same.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a phase change material 4 has also been filled between heat exchange tube 5, is greater than the distance between two heat exchange tubes 5 through the diameter that sets up heat exchange tube 5, can improve the heat exchange efficiency as the heat exchange tube 5 of main heat transfer route.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen heat exchange part comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger 1, and a hydrogen chamber is arranged in the hydrogen heat exchanger 1, and the extending direction of the hydrogen chamber is perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange tubes 5.
In an alternative embodiment, the air heat exchange portion comprises an intercooler 2, and the intercooler 2 has air chambers extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange tubes 5 and intersecting with but not perpendicular to the direction of the hydrogen chambers.
For advance heap temperature or comdenstion water of two tunnel of control hydrogen, air, the embodiment of the utility model provides an arrange intercooler 2 in the air route, arrange hydrogen heat exchanger 1 in the hydrogen route. At normal temperature, the inlet air temperature of the intercooler 2 is higher and exceeds 150 ℃, and the intercooler 2 is arranged for exchanging heat with cooling liquid and reducing the temperature of air entering a reactor; the inlet hydrogen temperature of the hydrogen heat exchanger 1 is close to normal temperature, and the hydrogen heat exchanger 1 is arranged for improving the temperature through heat exchange with cooling and reducing condensed water generated by convergence of main-path hydrogen and return-path hydrogen.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen heat exchanging part and the air heat exchanging part are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and the predetermined distance is one half of the length of the hydrogen heat exchanging part or the air heat exchanging part.
The hydrogen heat exchange part and the air heat exchange part are spaced by a preset distance, so that a phase change space can be provided for the phase change material 4, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen flows in the hydrogen heat exchanging part and the air heat exchanging part in the direction opposite to the air flow direction.
Please refer to fig. 6, fig. 6 is the device that the embodiment of the present invention provides uses the schematic structure, can find out from fig. 6, hydrogen cylinder 6 through the relief pressure valve 7 with the embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature control device is connected, the temperature control device through the air-jet device is connected with the fuel cell stack 8, the gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 8 is provided with a water diversion piece 9 for separating the gas-liquid mixture coming out from the fuel cell stack 8, the air filter 10 through the air compressor 11 with the embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature control device is connected, the air outlet of the temperature control device loops through the intercooler 2, the humidifier 12 and is connected with the fuel cell stack 8.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and phase change of a medium, the apparatus comprising:
at least one group of heat exchange components comprises a hydrogen heat exchange part, an air heat exchange part and an integrated device shell;
the hydrogen heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a first direction, the air heat exchange part is arranged in the integrated device shell along a second direction, and the first direction is intersected with the second direction;
the hydrogen heat transfer portion is located air heat transfer portion top, high-temperature gas after the heat transfer of air heat transfer portion rises with the top the low-temperature hydrogen of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer, low-temperature gas after the heat transfer of hydrogen heat transfer portion carries out the heat transfer again with the air heat transfer portion of below after descending based on gravity, and reciprocating circulation is to high-temperature air cooling, heats low-temperature hydrogen in order to realize quick heat exchange.
2. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat transfer and phase transition of a medium according to claim 1, wherein the angle α between the first direction and the second direction is in the range of 0 ° < α < 90 °, 90 ° < α < 180 °.
3. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange component further comprises a phase change material filled in the integrated device housing, the phase change material can change phase when absorbing or releasing heat.
4. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase transition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the phase transition material is filled in the integrated device housing at a height not higher than the bottom of the hydrogen heat exchanging part and not lower than the top of the air heat exchanging part.
5. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange assembly further comprises heat exchange tubes disposed circumferentially around the hydrogen heat exchange portion and the air heat exchange portion.
6. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase transition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the diameter of the heat exchange tube is larger than the distance between two adjacent heat exchange tubes, and the diameters of all the heat exchange tubes are the same.
7. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase change according to claim 5, wherein the hydrogen heat exchange part comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogen chamber is arranged in the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the extending direction of the hydrogen chamber is perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange tube.
8. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat transfer and medium phase change of claim 7, wherein the air heat exchange portion comprises an intercooler having air chambers extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the heat exchange tubes and intersecting but not perpendicular to the direction of the hydrogen chambers.
9. The apparatus for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase transition according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen heat exchange part is spaced apart from the air heat exchange part by a predetermined distance, and the predetermined distance is one half of the length of the hydrogen heat exchange part or the air heat exchange part.
10. The device for rapid heat exchange based on heat conduction and medium phase transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas flow direction in the hydrogen heat exchanging part and the air heat exchanging part is opposite to the air flow direction.
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