CN217360452U - Near-to-eye display module and near-to-eye display equipment - Google Patents
Near-to-eye display module and near-to-eye display equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN217360452U CN217360452U CN202122332629.4U CN202122332629U CN217360452U CN 217360452 U CN217360452 U CN 217360452U CN 202122332629 U CN202122332629 U CN 202122332629U CN 217360452 U CN217360452 U CN 217360452U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an augmented reality's technical field discloses a nearly eye display module assembly and nearly eye display device, and wherein, nearly eye display module assembly includes: the image source, the ocular lens system and the waveguide sheet, wherein the ocular lens system comprises a light path turning element and a plurality of lenses, the light path turning element is used for turning the light path, and the image source is arranged on one side of the light path turning element; the waveguide sheet comprises a coupling-in structure and a coupling-out structure; the light output by the image source sequentially passes through the light path turning element and the lenses, enters the waveguide sheet from the coupling-in structure, is transmitted in the waveguide sheet by total reflection, and is coupled out from the coupling-out structure. The near-eye display module can realize the function of augmented reality; and through locating the image source in one side of the light path turning element of eyepiece system to make the length direction of image source unanimous with the length direction of eyepiece system, thereby make near-to-eye display module's ray apparatus part structure compacter, the space that occupies is little.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model discloses a relate to augmented reality's technical field particularly, relate to near-to-eye display module assembly and near-to-eye display device.
Background
Near-eye display systems, also known as head-mounted displays, originally originated in the field of air force, mainly to solve the problem of the great amount of information collected by the increasingly sophisticated instrumentation and weapons systems on board the aircraft, by means of which all the information of the instruments can be presented in the field of view in front of the pilot, concentrating his efforts on operating the aircraft and aiming. With the study and knowledge of people on near-eye display products, the application field of the near-eye display products is also continuously expanded. In the civil aspect, the method is mainly combined with related virtual technologies and applied to education and training; exhibition and promotion of commercial products; simulation training of medicine, etc.
An image source in a traditional near-eye display module is arranged on the surface of an eyepiece system, so that when the near-eye display module is used as AR (Augmented Reality) glasses, on one hand, the length direction of the image source is inconsistent with the length direction of glasses legs, the flat cable of a driving circuit of the image source can be influenced, and the subsequent design and production of the near-eye display module are influenced; on the other hand, the occupied space of the optical machine (including an image source and an ocular lens system) is large, and space waste is caused, so that the whole size of the near-eye display module is large, the shape is strange, and the near-eye display module does not accord with the conventional aesthetic standard.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a near-to-eye display module assembly and near-to-eye display device aim at solving prior art, the big problem of near-to-eye display module assembly occupation space.
The utility model discloses a realize like this, near-to-eye display module assembly, include: an image source for outputting light including image information; the eyepiece system comprises a light path turning element and a plurality of lenses, the light path turning element is used for turning a light path, and the image source is arranged on one side of the light path turning element; the waveguide sheet comprises a coupling-in structure and a coupling-out structure; the light output by the image source sequentially passes through the light path turning element and the lenses, enters the waveguide sheet from the coupling-in structure, is transmitted in the waveguide sheet in a total reflection manner, and is coupled out from the coupling-out structure.
Optionally, the optical axis of the eyepiece system is perpendicular to the waveguide sheet.
Optionally, the surface shape of the lens is one or a combination of more of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface and a free-form surface.
Optionally, the plurality of lenses include a first imaging lens, a second imaging lens, and a third imaging lens, and the light rays turned by the light path turning element sequentially pass through the first imaging lens, the second imaging lens, and the third imaging lens; the first imaging lens and the second imaging lens are spherical lenses, and the third imaging lens is an aspheric lens.
Optionally, the maximum distortion of the eyepiece system in the full field of view range is not greater than 0.8%, and the modulation transfer function MTF of the eyepiece system when the resolution is 20lp/mm is not less than 0.2.
Optionally, the light path turning element is a right-angle prism or a mirror.
Optionally, the waveguide sheet is a geometric array optical waveguide or a sawtooth optical waveguide.
Optionally, the coupling-out structure includes a plurality of light splitting slopes formed inside the waveguide sheet, and the light splitting slopes are sequentially arranged; the light totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide sheet is incident on the light splitting inclined plane, part of the light is coupled out after being reflected, and part of the light is incident on the next light splitting inclined plane after being transmitted.
Optionally, the image source is an LCoS, an LCD, an OLED, a DMD, or a Micro-LED.
Near-to-eye display equipment, including the structure shell with near-to-eye display module assembly, near-to-eye display module assembly locates in the structure shell, still be equipped with drive circuit in the structure shell, drive circuit with the image source electricity is connected.
Compared with the prior art, the near-eye display module provided by the utility model has the advantages that the image source is arranged at one side of the light path turning element of the ocular lens system, so that the length direction of the image source is consistent with that of the ocular lens system, the structure of the optical machine part (namely the combination of the image source and the ocular lens system) of the near-eye display module is more compact, and the occupied space is small; and the light with image information output by the image source enters the waveguide sheet after being transmitted by the ocular lens system, exits from the coupling-out structure of the waveguide sheet and enters human eyes, so that the function of augmented reality is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a near-to-eye display module according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of image light of the near-to-eye display module provided by the present invention in the optical machine;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide sheet of a near-eye display module provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an optical path of image light of the near-to-eye display module according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-image source, 11-drive circuit;
20-ocular lens system, 21-optical path turning element, 22-first imaging lens, 23-second imaging lens, 24-third imaging lens, 241-rear surface of third imaging lens;
30-waveguide plate, 31-outcoupling structure, 301-first reflective slope, 302-second reflective slope, 303-third reflective slope, 304-fourth reflective slope, 305-fifth reflective slope, 306-sixth reflective slope, 307-seventh reflective slope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Near-to-eye display module assembly includes: an image source 10 for outputting light containing image information; the eyepiece system 20, the eyepiece system 20 includes the light path turning component 21 and multiple lenses, the light path turning component 21 is used for the turning of the light path, the image source 10 locates one side of the light path turning component 21; and a waveguide sheet 30, the waveguide sheet 30 comprising a coupling-in structure and a coupling-out structure 31; wherein, the light output from the image source 10 sequentially passes through the optical path turning element 21 and the plurality of lenses, enters the waveguide sheet 30 from the coupling-in structure, is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide sheet 30, and is coupled out from the coupling-out structure 31.
In the near-eye display module provided by this embodiment, the image source 10 is disposed on one side of the light path turning element 21 of the eyepiece system 20, so that the length direction of the image source 10 is consistent with the length direction of the eyepiece system 20, and the optical-mechanical portion (i.e., the combination of the image source 10 and the eyepiece system 20) of the near-eye display module has a more compact structure and occupies a smaller space; and the light with image information output by the image source 10 enters the waveguide sheet 30 after being transmitted by the eyepiece system 20, exits from the coupling-out structure 31 of the waveguide sheet 30, and enters human eyes, thereby realizing the function of augmented reality.
Specifically, the image source 10 may be one of an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), an LCoS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon), a DMD (digital Micro mirror device), a Micro-LED (Micro-Light Emitting Diode), and an electronic related part included therein. The size and resolution of the image source 10 can be adaptively designed according to practical situations, for example, the image source 10 can use an OLED display screen with a size of 0.23inch (i.e. 5.842mm) and a resolution of 640 x 400.
The eyepiece system 20 includes a light path turning element 21 and a plurality of lenses, wherein the light path turning element 21 has at least one reflection surface, and turns the light path by the reflection of light, for example, a right-angle prism can be adopted, two surfaces where a right-angle side of the right-angle prism is located are respectively used as an incident surface and an exit surface of light, an inclined surface of the right-angle prism is used as a reflection surface of light, and if the incident light meets a total reflection condition at the reflection surface, the incident light is totally reflected at the reflection surface; if the incident light ray does not meet the total reflection condition at the reflecting surface, plating a reflecting film on the reflecting surface for enhancing the reflection efficiency; or the optical path turning element 21 may also adopt a reflecting mirror for turning the optical path.
The eyepiece lens system 20 usually comprises 2-5 lenses, and a lens group combination with excellent imaging effect is formed; the surface shape of the lens can be one or more of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface or a free-form surface. The material of the lens may be one or a combination of glass or resin or optical liquid.
For example, the eyepiece lens system 20 may include a right-angle prism, a first imaging lens 22, a second imaging lens 23, and a third imaging lens 24. The light reflected by the right-angle prism passes through the first imaging lens 22, the second imaging lens 23 and the third imaging lens 24 in sequence, and then enters the waveguide sheet 30 for total reflection and transmission; the first imaging lens 22 and the second imaging lens 23 are spherical lenses, and the third imaging lens 24 is an aspherical lens.
Spherical lenses are those that have a constant curvature from the center to the edge of the lens, whereas aspherical lenses have a continuously varying curvature from the center to the edge. In order to ensure the optical performance of the lens, numerous "aberrations" must be corrected. If only spherical lenses are used for correction, many lens combinations are required according to the technical requirements of the lens, which makes it difficult to reduce the size of the whole lens. For a special high-order lens, aberration sometimes cannot be corrected to a degree satisfactory to a user with only a spherical lens.
By adjusting the surface constant and the aspheric coefficient, the aspheric lens can eliminate spherical aberration to the maximum extent. And 1-2 aspheric lenses can realize optical quality similar to or better than 5 spherical lenses, so that the size of the system is reduced, the cost rate is improved, and the comprehensive cost of the system is reduced.
Specifically, the optical axis of the eyepiece lens system 20 is arranged perpendicular to the waveguide sheet 30 in such a manner that the eyepiece lens system 20 can be disposed on the temple when the near-eye display module is used as AR glasses, conforming to the wearing habit, without occupying additional space.
If the length direction of the image source 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the eyepiece lens system 20, the temple becomes thick and very inconvenient to wear, the size of the image source 10 is greatly limited, and if the size of the image source 10 is small, the energy of the output light is small, and the energy of the light after being transmitted through the eyepiece lens system 20 and the waveguide sheet 30 is small, the quality of the image entering the human eye is poor; in comparison, the eyepiece lens system 20 is disposed on the temple, and the length direction of the image source 10 is the same as that of the eyepiece lens system 20, so that the size of the image source 10 can be made larger, and finally the image quality output by the waveguide sheet 30 can be better. And the driving circuit 11 of the image source 10 may also be disposed in the direction of the temple, which is very convenient.
Optionally, the maximum distortion of the eyepiece system 20 in the full field of view is less than or equal to 0.8%, and the MTF of the eyepiece system 20 is greater than or equal to 0.2 when the resolution is 20lp/mm (per millimeter of line, which refers to the number of line pairs that can be resolved in one millimeter).
Distortion, which is a parameter often mentioned in an optical system, is the degree of distortion of an image formed by the optical system on an object relative to the object itself, and only causes the image to be deformed, and has no influence on the definition of the image.
MTF is an abbreviation of Modulation Transfer Function (Modulation Transfer Function). In short, it is the contrast and resolution of the brightness of the image in the screen.
Specifically, the waveguide sheet 30 may employ a geometric array optical waveguide or a sawtooth optical waveguide.
The geometric array optical waveguide realizes the output of images mainly through array reflector stacking.
The sawtooth optical waveguide means that the light coupling-out structure 31 of the optical waveguide has a sawtooth structure, and the fundamental principle is that light is coupled out to the human eye by reflection using a sawtooth reflecting surface having a certain reflectance at a position in front of the eye.
Specifically, the waveguide sheet 30 may be made of a transparent material such as glass or resin. A high refractive index optical glass or resin material is typically selected.
The projection light is transmitted in the waveguide sheet 30 by total reflection, that is, when the projection light is transmitted, the incident angle of the projection light to the first surface or the second surface is larger than the critical angle of the waveguide sheet 30 each time.
The critical angle of the projected light in the waveguide 30 can be calculated according to the principle of total reflection, for example: the refractive index of the projected light in the waveguide sheet 30 is n 1 Refractive index in air of n 2 The incident angle of the projection light incident on the first surface in the waveguide sheet 30 is θ 1 Angle of refraction in air is θ 2 According to the law of refraction, n 1 sinθ 1 ＝n 2 sinθ 2 When theta is 2 At 90 DEG, the critical angle theta Face ＝arcsin(n 2 /n 1 ). The larger the relative refractive index is, the smaller the critical angle is, and the incident angle at the time of total reflection is larger than the critical angle, so that the smaller the critical angle is, the more favorable the total reflection is. The waveguide sheet 30 is made of a material having a high refractive index, and hasThe projection light can be transmitted in the waveguide sheet 30 by total reflection.
The coupling-in structure of the waveguide sheet 30 may be an optical structure having a reflecting function, such as a mirror or a prism, and a reflecting surface thereof may be coated with a reflecting film to reflect the projection light into the waveguide sheet 30 as completely as possible.
The coupling-out structure 31 of the waveguide sheet 30 includes a plurality of light splitting slopes formed inside the waveguide sheet 30, the plurality of light splitting slopes being arranged in sequence; the light totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide sheet 30 is incident on the light splitting slope, part of the light is coupled out after being reflected, and part of the light is incident on the next light splitting slope after being transmitted. The projection light enters the waveguide sheet 30 from the coupling-in structure, is propagated by total reflection, and is sequentially coupled out by the plurality of light splitting inclined planes and enters human eyes after encountering the light splitting inclined planes.
Optionally, the light splitting slope is plated with an angle selective transmission reflection film.
The light splitting facets may be "half-mirror" (or "partially-transmissive and partially-reflective") mirrors, which are surfaces embedded in the glass substrate and forming a specific angle with the transmitted light, each mirror reflecting a portion of the light out of the waveguide into the eye, and the remaining light passing through and continuing to travel in the waveguide. This portion of the advancing light then encounters another "transflective" mirror, and the above "reflection-transmission" process is repeated until the last mirror in the mirror array reflects all of the remaining light out of the waveguide and into the human eye.
Near-to-eye display equipment, including the structure shell with above near-to-eye display module assembly, near-to-eye display module assembly still is equipped with drive circuit 11 in locating the structure shell in the structure shell, drive circuit 11 is connected with image source 10 electricity.
In one embodiment below:
the waveguide sheet 30 of the near-eye display module is perpendicular to the eyepiece system 20 (i.e., the included angle between the waveguide sheet and the eyepiece system is 90 °), which is beneficial to the shape design of the final product and enables the overall structure to approach the glasses with the traditional meaning.
The image source 10 of the present embodiment is an OLED with a size of 0.23inch (inch) (i.e. 5.842mm) and a resolution of 640 × 400, and the diagram of the driving part of the related circuits is omitted, and the main related information of the OLED is shown in table 1.
Table 1 main relevant information of the OLED:
| type of chip | aa size of area | Screen ratio | Resolution ratio | Size of pixel |
| OLED | 0.23inch | 16∶10 | 640＊400 | 7.8um |
As shown in fig. 2, the eyepiece lens system 20 of the present example includes one right-angle prism and 3 lenses, wherein the first imaging lens 22 may be a spherical lens; the second imaging lens 23 may be a spherical lens; the third imaging lens 24 may be an aspheric lens.
The maximum distortion in the whole Field of View of the eyepiece system 20 is less than or equal to 0.8%, the exit pupil diameter is 4mm, the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function ) is greater than or equal to 0.2@20lp/mm, the FOV (Field of View, Field angle) is 25 °, the maximum radius of the lens is 9mm, the equivalent focal length of the eyepiece system 20 is 13.4mm, each index of the eyepiece system 20 is shown in table 2, and the index can meet the requirement of a near-eye display system.
Table 2 ocular system 20 indices:
| distortion of | Exit pupil diameter | MTF | Angle of view | Maximum radius of lens | Equivalent focal length |
| 0.80％ | 4mm | ≥0.2@20lp/mm | 25° | 9mm | 13.4mm |
As shown in fig. 3, the waveguide sheet 30 of the present embodiment has a size of 63mm × 20mm × 1.5mm, wherein the coupling-in structure includes a first reflective slope 301, and the coupling-out structure 31 includes a second reflective slope 302, a third reflective slope 303, a fourth reflective slope 304, a fifth reflective slope 305, a sixth reflective slope 306, and a seventh reflective slope 307, wherein the first reflective slope 301 is plated with a total reflection film with a reflectivity of 95% or more, and the second reflective slope 302 to the seventh reflective slope 307 are plated with an angle selective transmission reflective film, which is well known to practitioners in the art; some important parameters of this waveguide sheet 30 are shown in table 3, which can support a maximum FOV of 40 °, compatible with the eyepiece system 20 of fig. 2.
Table 3 some important parameters of the waveguide sheet 30:
| waveguide sheet type | Size of | Quality of | Maximum supported FOV |
| Geometric array |
63＊20＊1.5/mm 3 | 5g | 40° |
As shown in fig. 4, after the image source 10 (taking OLED as an example) is driven and lighted by its circuit, due to its own technical principle, the image plane size is 0.23inch, and the display scale is 16: 10, an image source 10 with a resolution of 640 × 400, due to the self-luminous property of the OLED, light containing image information will propagate forward to pass through the right-angle prism to the third imaging lens 24 of the eyepiece system 20 in sequence; because the OLED is located on the focal plane of the eyepiece system 20, the light emitted by the OLED is shaped by the right-angle prism of the eyepiece system 20 to the third imaging lens 24 and then becomes parallel light to be emitted through the rear surface 241 of the third imaging lens, and at this time, the imaging effect of the system formed by the image source 10 and the eyepiece system 20 together is as follows: forming an image with a FOV of 25 ° at infinity; since the eyepiece system 20 is disposed perpendicular to the waveguide sheet 30, the light emitted from the rear surface 241 of the third imaging lens perpendicularly enters the waveguide sheet 30 and directly enters the first reflection surface 301, and since the first reflection inclined surface 301 is coated with the total reflection film, the light will be reflected and then propagate forward in the waveguide sheet 30 in a total reflection manner, when the light passes through the second reflection inclined surface 302, since the second reflection inclined surface 302 is coated with the angle selective transmission reflection film, a part of the light will continue to propagate forward through the second reflection inclined surface 302, and a part of the light will be reflected by the second reflection inclined surface 302 and exit perpendicular to the waveguide sheet 30, wherein the light that continues to propagate forward through the second reflection inclined surface 302 repeats the propagation process when passing through the third reflection inclined surface 303 to the seventh reflection inclined surface 307, and the above process completely follows the catadioptric theorem; the eyes of the end user can receive the light carrying image information at the light emitting position of the waveguide sheet 30, and can see a complete image after being processed by the brain.
Compared with the traditional near-eye display module, the image source is arranged on the surface of the eyepiece system; the image source 10 of the near-eye display module of the embodiment is arranged on one side of the eyepiece system 20, so that when the near-eye display module is used for preparing the AR glasses, the length direction of the image source 10 is consistent with that of the glasses legs, and the driving circuit 11 of the image source 10 is convenient to arrange wires, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent design and production of near-eye display equipment (such as the AR glasses); in addition, setting up image source 10 in one side of eyepiece system 20 is favorable to reducing the occupation space of ray apparatus (including image source 10 and eyepiece system 20) to can reduce near-to-eye display module's whole volume, be favorable to the overall structure design of its later stage, can make its final form more tend to traditional glasses form, have pleasing to the eye light's advantage concurrently, accord with conventional aesthetic standard.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Near-to-eye display module assembly, its characterized in that includes:
an image source for outputting light including image information;
the eyepiece system comprises a light path turning element and a plurality of lenses, the light path turning element is used for turning a light path, and the image source is arranged on one side of the light path turning element;
the waveguide sheet comprises a coupling-in structure and a coupling-out structure;
wherein, the light output by the image source sequentially passes through the light path turning element and the plurality of lenses, enters the waveguide sheet from the coupling-in structure, is transmitted in the waveguide sheet by total reflection, and is coupled out from the coupling-out structure; the maximum distortion of the eyepiece system in the full field of view is less than or equal to 0.8%, and the modulation transfer function MTF of the eyepiece system when the resolution is 20lp/mm is greater than or equal to 0.2.
2. The near-eye display module of claim 1 wherein an optical axis of the eyepiece system is perpendicular to the waveguide plate.
3. The near-eye display module of claim 2, wherein the lens has a surface shape that is one or more of a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, or a free-form surface.
4. The near-eye display module of claim 3, wherein the plurality of lenses comprises a first imaging lens, a second imaging lens, and a third imaging lens, and the light beam turned by the light path turning element passes through the first imaging lens, the second imaging lens, and the third imaging lens in sequence; the first imaging lens and the second imaging lens are spherical lenses, and the third imaging lens is an aspheric lens.
5. The near-to-eye display module of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the light path-turning element is a right angle prism or a mirror.
6. The near-eye display module of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the waveguide sheet is a geometric array optical waveguide or a sawtooth optical waveguide.
7. The near-eye display module of claim 6, wherein the outcoupling structure comprises a plurality of light-splitting facets formed inside the waveguide sheet, the plurality of light-splitting facets being arranged in sequence; the light totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide sheet is incident on the light splitting inclined plane, part of the light is coupled out after being reflected, and part of the light is incident on the next light splitting inclined plane after being transmitted.
8. The near-eye display module of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the image source is an LCoS, LCD, OLED, DMD, or Micro-LED.
9. A near-eye display device comprising a structural housing and the near-eye display module of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the near-eye display module is disposed in the structural housing, and a driving circuit is further disposed in the structural housing and electrically connected to the image source.
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