CN217313668U

CN217313668U - Rotor for a comminution device, distributor plate and comminution device

Info

Publication number: CN217313668U
Application number: CN202220505692.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: E·布林德尔
Original assignee: Metsototel Sweden Ltd
Current assignee: Metsototel Sweden Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-09
Filing date: 2022-03-09
Publication date: 2022-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-09
Also published as: CN115041266A; US20220288600A1; AU2021221622A1; SE544765C2; US12023680B2; SE2150269A1

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a rotor, a distributor plate and a crushing apparatus for a crushing apparatus, the rotor (108) comprising: a frame (202) comprising an upper plate (204), a lower plate (206), and a wall element (208); an inlet opening (210) in the upper plate and one or more outlets (212) between the upper and lower plates; and a distribution plate (214) arranged at an upper surface (216) of the lower plate and below the inlet opening, wherein the distribution plate is arranged to project material towards said surface, wherein the distribution plate (214) comprises a cavity (218) open at a lower surface of the distribution plate, wherein the rotor (108) further comprises attachment means (306) for holding the distribution plate at said upper surface of the lower plate, wherein the attachment means are arranged to frictionally engage with respective surfaces of the cavity, and wherein the attachment means enable repositioning of the distribution plate to different wear positions.

Description

Rotor for a comminution device, distributor plate and comminution device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a crushing plant for crushing rock, ore or the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a so-called vertical shaft impact crusher comprising a rotatable distributor plate.

Background

When crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard or soft materials, vertical shaft impact crushers are used which have a rotor rotating around a vertical axis. The material to be crushed is fed through a centrally arranged opening in the rotor. A distribution plate is disposed at an upper surface of the lower plate of the rotor. When the material to be crushed hits the rotating distributor plate, the material will change from a vertical direction to a horizontal direction and will be drawn substantially radially outwards and hit the outer crushing surface. The outer crushing surface typically comprises an accumulation of material to be crushed formed on the inner surface of the crushing chamber, resulting in autogenous crushing. Such autogenous crushing has been shown to ensure excellent shaped particles, for example in aggregates. However, with current rotors, there may be a problem that the distribution plate is unevenly worn. Thus, although only a portion of the distributor plate is worn, the distributor plate may have to be replaced.

In an attempt to solve this problem, prior art solutions disclose a distributor plate having a continuous flat upper surface, wherein the plate is fastened to the shaft by means of a mating shape of recesses and bolts. One element can be lifted by means of a lever and rotated by hand into a new wear position. However, a problem with the solutions in the prior art documents is that the fastening means or parts of the distributor plate may have to be unscrewed (lose) in order to be able to rotate the distributor plate to a new wear position. In addition, if the distribution plate needs to be lifted to rotate, dust may enter between the lower plate and the distribution plate, thereby causing instability of the distribution plate. There is therefore a need in the art for a more user-friendly process for rotating the distributor plate to a new wear position, and to provide a more efficient and simplified process.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

It is an object to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above-identified deficiencies in the art and disadvantages singly or in any combination and solves at least the above mentioned problems. According to a first aspect, there is provided a rotor for a comminution apparatus, the rotor being arranged for projecting (launch) material to be comminuted towards a surface, the rotor comprising:

a frame comprising an upper plate, a lower plate and a wall element extending between the upper plate and the lower plate;

an inlet opening in the upper plate and one or more outlets between the upper plate and the lower plate, wherein the inlet opening is arranged to receive material, and wherein the material is projected through the one or more outlets towards the surface; and

a distribution plate arranged at an upper surface of the lower plate below the inlet opening, wherein the distribution plate is arranged to project material towards the surface, wherein the distribution plate comprises a cavity open at a lower surface thereof,

wherein the rotor further comprises attachment means for retaining the distribution plate at the upper surface of the lower plate, wherein said attachment means are arranged to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity, and wherein said attachment means enable the distribution plate to be repositioned into a different wear position.

The surface towards which material may be comminuted may be located within the comminution apparatus but outside the rotor. The surface may be an inside surface of the comminution apparatus.

The rotor is advantageous in that the attachment means provide for holding the distribution plate in place when repositioning the distribution plate to a different wear position. This may be achieved by arranging the attachment means to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity. The rotor is advantageous in that it is not necessary to provide bolts or the like that may pass through the entire distributor plate in order to hold the distributor plate in place. Instead, the attachment means are arranged to hold the dispenser in place, e.g. to prevent the dispensing plate from rising. Friction between the lower surface of the distribution plate and the upper surface of the lower plate provides friction that prevents relative rotation of the distribution plate and the lower plate, and the attachment means of the present invention provides additional friction that prevents such relative rotation. Thus, the attachment means may be advantageous as it provides that the distribution plate is held in place at the lower plate. The mounting plate may be disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate in the rotor. The mounting plate can be attached together with the rotor on top of the rotor boss such that the upper surface of the mounting plate will be arranged at or near the upper surface of the lower plate of the rotor, which is also attached to the rotor boss.

The attachment means are also advantageous in that they do not require loosening of bolts or other locking means in order to be able to reposition the distributor plate into a different wear position. Furthermore, the attachment means also provide that the distribution plate can be held in place at the mounting plate when the distribution plate is repositioned. Thus, when moving the distribution plate to different wear positions, there is no need to lift the distribution plate, but rather to rotate the distribution plate to different positions, without creating any gaps that could potentially cause dust to enter from below. Furthermore, there is no need to unscrew any bolts or other locking means in order to be able to reposition the distributor plate to a different wear position. The distributor plate may be repositioned by hand force using levers, crowbars, iron bars, and the like. Thus, the distribution plate can be rotated from the outside of the rotor without the need to unscrew any bolts or the like. The distribution board can be further repositioned without being limited to any fixed index point or current anchor point. Thus, the distributor plate can be rotated as much as desired based on wear on the distributor plate. Hereby, a more user-friendly and efficient way of rotating the distributor plate is achieved. Thus, the attachment means are arranged such that the distributor plate can be repositioned to a different wear position, as well as holding the distributor plate in place.

By being able to reposition the distributor plate to different wear positions, an increased service life of the distributor plate may be achieved. Thus, the distribution plate is arranged to receive material before it is projected towards the surface, but material may strike the distribution plate unevenly before it is projected towards the surface. With distributor plates known in the art, the wear on the distributor plate may be uneven, and thus the distributor plate may be worn differently at different locations of the distributor plate. Thus, by being able to reposition the distributor plate to a different wear position, more even wear may be achieved over the life of the distributor plate.

The distributor plate may be arranged on a mounting plate, wherein the mounting plate may be attached at an upper surface of the lower plate, preferably directly to a rotor boss of the crusher.

The wear performance can be optimized by the disclosed distributor plate, which is attached at the upper surface of the lower plate with attachment means and can be rotated into different, non-predetermined wear positions. This can be performed from the outside and does not require unscrewing of the bolts.

Thus, a rotor comprising attachment means is advantageous over the prior art as it allows to relocate the distributor plate from the outside to different wear positions without the need to unscrew bolts or the like. Thus, the rotation of the distributor plate can be performed in an efficient and user-friendly manner and the service life of the distributor plate can be increased.

According to some embodiments, the cavity is closed towards the upper surface of the distribution plate.

The rotor is advantageous in that the cavity closed towards the upper surface of the distribution plate does not require bolts or attachment means to pass through the entire distribution plate to hold it in place. Instead, as mentioned above, the attachment means are arranged to hold the dispenser in place, for example to prevent the dispenser plate from rising. By the cavity being closed towards the upper surface of the distribution plate, it is provided that the upper surface may have a substantially continuous surface without any recesses. This may be advantageous because the wear performance of the distributor plate is improved compared to plates having bolt holes arranged in their upper surfaces. In some embodiments, the upper surface of the distribution plate can be flat. However, it should be noted that the upper surface of the distribution plate may also be arranged as a non-flat upper surface. The possibility of having both a substantially flat upper surface and a non-flat upper surface provides that the distribution plate can be designed in different ways, but still be attached to the mounting plate in the same way.

According to some embodiments, the attachment device comprises: a shaft having a first end and a second end, a hub provided at the second end and a friction enhancing means arranged at the hub.

This attachment means may be advantageous in that the friction enhancing means provides that the distribution plate may be held in place at the upper surface of the mounting plate. A first end of the shaft may be mounted in an upper surface of the mounting plate and a distributor plate may be mounted on the second end. Thereby, the friction enhancing means may frictionally engage with a corresponding surface in the cavity in the distributor plate. The friction enhancing means may be advantageous as it may provide a frictional and/or mechanical holding force with respect to the distributor plate and thereby hold the distributor plate in place in the rotational and vertical direction. The dispensing plate may be attached to the attachment means by pushing the dispensing plate towards the attachment means to cause the attachment means to interact with a corresponding surface in the dispensing plate.

The friction enhancing means may be arranged to hold the distributor plate in place and, if desired, the distributor plate should be substantially easy to remove.

The friction enhancing means may be a metal coil spring, e.g. a steel coil spring, compressible in a radially inward direction. Alternatively, the friction enhancing means may be made of rubber or any other elastically deformable material. The inner surface of the cavity of the distributor plate may be arranged to provide such radial compression of the spring or the like, thereby achieving the frictional engagement. The spring force may be between 50-10000N depending on e.g. the size of the device. The aim is to avoid the distribution plate moving relative to the lower plate of the rotor. In one embodiment, the spring force may be 500-. Thus, the spring force may have to be large enough to hold the distributor plate in place.

The friction enhancing means (e.g. a spring) may be arranged in a radially outwardly open groove arranged in the hub.

According to some embodiments, the cavity in the distributor plate may have a cylindrical inner shape on which friction enhancing means (i.e. springs or the like) act. This provides a simple solution which can be implemented directly in the opening in the distributor plate. It may also be achieved by means of tubular members welded or otherwise attached to the distributor plate.

According to some embodiments, the cavity in the distribution plate may have a recess in the inner side wall, the shape of the recess at least partially matching the shape of the friction enhancing means. This may for example be a part annular recess along the circumference in the inner side wall of the cavity. These corresponding shapes create a mechanical retention force in addition to the friction forces created between the outer surface of the friction enhancing means and the inner side walls of the cavity. Instead of a part-annular recess, the cross-section of which comprises a circular arc segment with an arc defining a side wall in the cavity, the cross-section of the recess may have many other shapes. Such as triangular, partially elliptical, etc. Any shape is conceivable as long as it forms a recess in which the friction enhancing means can partially expand to form a mechanical retention against lifting of the distributor plate.

According to some embodiments, the inner wall of the cavity in the distribution plate may have a surface structure on at least a portion thereof. This configuration may further improve the friction properties between the cavity and the friction enhancing means. Examples of such surface structures are grooves and/or recesses and/or pits (dimple).

According to some embodiments, the distribution plate comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, wherein the cavity comprises a recess in the bottom plate arranged to receive the attachment means.

The distributor plate may be advantageous because it allows for easier installation and replacement of multiple parts of the distributor plate as compared to installing or replacing the entire distributor plate at one time (in once).

The bottom plate may be mounted at the upper surface of the mounting plate using an attachment means, and the top plate may then be attached to the attachment means. Thus, the entire distribution plate may be attached to the upper surface of the mounting plate by the attachment means.

According to some embodiments, the recess comprises a through hole in the base plate. The cavity is closed upwards by the top plate.

According to some embodiments, the recess comprises a blind hole in the base plate.

According to some embodiments, the distribution plate further comprises an intermediate plate, and wherein the cavity comprises a recess in the intermediate plate arranged to receive the attachment means. In this case, the cavity comprises a recess in the bottom plate and a recess in the intermediate plate.

According to some embodiments, the recess comprises a through hole in the bottom plate and a blind hole in the intermediate plate.

According to some embodiments, the recess comprises a through hole in the bottom plate and a through hole in the intermediate plate. The cavity is closed upwards by the top plate.

The top and middle panels may be attached together by means of an adhesive or the like. The collar may be mounted in a central recess of the intermediate plate, for example welded to the intermediate plate. These parts may be attached to the base plate via attachment means.

Thus, the bottom plate may be mounted at the upper surface of the mounting plate by the attachment means, and then the middle plate and the top plate may be attached to the attachment means. Thus, the entire distribution plate may be attached at the upper surface of the lower plate of the rotor by the attachment means. The bottom and/or middle plates may be coated with a non-slip coating to reduce slippage therebetween.

The top plate may be made of a wear resistant material. This may be advantageous as it may be substantially the top plate exposed to wear. The wear resistant material may comprise a wear resistant material such as tungsten. Other embodiments include different combinations of cast iron and materials such as steel, tungsten, carbide, ceramic, polymer, and the like.

The wear resistant material may be, for example, tungsten. The intermediate plate may be a Hardox (Hardox) plate or other similar wear plate. The base plate may be a bradak plate or other similar wear plate. The collar may be a steel collar. The intermediate plate and the top plate may together have a weight of between 5-75 kg. The sole plate may have a weight of between 5-15 kg.

According to some embodiments, the intermediate plate is provided with circumferentially arranged protrusions and recesses.

An intermediate plate provided with circumferential protrusions and recesses may be advantageous as it facilitates repositioning of the distributor plate in a more user-friendly manner. Thus, a rod or the like which can be used to reposition the distributor plate can be inserted into the recess between the two projections. Thus, a more stable and controllable rotation of the distributor plate may be achieved.

According to some embodiments, the distributor plate is made as a one-piece component. Similar to the previous embodiments, the one-piece distributor plate may be provided with circumferentially arranged protrusions and recesses. The cavity may be arranged as a blind hole in the one-piece distributor plate.

According to some embodiments, the friction enhancing means is made of a rubber material, a metal (such as steel), a polymer material or a composite material.

The material of the friction enhancing means may be configured to provide a friction and/or mechanical retention force to resist the distributor plate rising and rotating relative to the rotor. Thus, as mentioned before, the distributor plate should be arranged to be held in place by the attachment means.

According to a second aspect, there is provided a distributor plate for use in a rotor of a comminution apparatus, the distributor plate comprising an upper wear surface and a lower surface and a cavity open at said lower surface of the distributor plate.

According to some embodiments, the distributor plate comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, wherein the upper wear surface is arranged on the top plate and the cavity comprises a recess in the bottom plate.

According to some embodiments, the distribution plate further comprises an intermediate plate, and wherein the cavity comprises a recess in the intermediate plate.

According to some embodiments, the distributor plate further comprises a one-piece component having an upper wear surface, and the cavity is open towards a lower surface thereof.

According to some embodiments, the distributor plate further comprises attachment means, wherein said attachment means are arranged to frictionally engage with a respective surface of the cavity, and wherein the attachment means enable the distributor plate to be repositioned to a different wear position.

According to some embodiments, wherein the attachment means comprises: the friction enhancing device comprises a shaft having a first end and a second end, a hub provided at the second end of the shaft, and a friction enhancing means arranged at the hub.

According to some embodiments, the top plate comprises a wear resistant material (such as tungsten). Other embodiments include different combinations of cast iron and materials such as steel, tungsten, carbide, ceramic, polymer, and the like.

According to a third aspect, there is provided a method for repositioning a distributor plate in a rotor for a comminution apparatus, the rotor being arranged to project material to be comminuted towards a surface, the rotor comprising:

the method comprises the following steps:

attachment means are provided at the lower plate to the upper surface of the mounting plate,

attaching the distribution plate to the upper surface of the mounting plate with attachment means, wherein the attachment means are arranged to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity, and wherein the attachment means are arranged for retaining the distribution plate at the upper surface of the mounting plate, and

the distributor plate is repositioned by rotating the distributor plate into a different wear position.

According to some embodiments, the step of attaching the distribution plate to the upper surface of the mounting plate with the attachment means comprises: the dispensing plate is pushed downwards towards the attachment means such that the attachment means interact with corresponding surfaces in the dispensing plate.

The effects and features of the second and third aspects are largely analogous to those described above in connection with the first aspect. The embodiments mentioned in relation to the first aspect are largely compatible with the second and third aspects. It should also be noted that the inventive concept relates to all possible combinations of features, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Further areas of applicability of the present disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the scope of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

Thus, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the particular components of the described apparatus or steps of the described methods, as the apparatus and methods may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a unit" or "the unit" may include a number of devices, etc. Furthermore, the words "comprising", "including", "containing" and the like do not exclude other elements or steps.

Drawings

The present disclosure will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, which show a currently preferred embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a crushing plant.

Fig. 2 shows the interior of a rotor included in the crushing apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 3A illustrates a mounting plate of the rotor of fig. 2 and an attachment device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3B shows a more detailed view of the attachment device of fig. 3A.

Fig. 4A illustrates a distributor plate included in the pulverizing apparatus of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view of components of the distributor plate of FIG. 4A.

Fig. 4C illustrates a distributor plate included in the pulverizing apparatus of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 shows a more detailed view of the interior of the rotor included in the comminution apparatus of figure 1.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which presently preferred embodiments of the disclosure are shown. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 shows by way of example a comminution plant 100 for crushing or grinding rock, ore, cement clinker and other hard or softer materials. The comminution apparatus 100 is configured to comminute material by: to push the material hard against the metal and to crush the material itself by projecting it onto the autogenous layer of crushed material using the material fed into the crushing plant 100. The crushing apparatus 100 may be a vertical shaft impact crusher.

The comminution apparatus 100 includes a ceiling 102 and a chamber 104. The chamber 104 is arranged on a support of a base 106 of the comminution apparatus 100. The ceiling 102 is disposed on top of the chamber 104.

The comminution apparatus 100 also includes a hopper (not shown). The hopper is arranged inside the ceiling 102. The hopper may comprise a centrally arranged opening in an upper portion of the hopper. The hopper may be configured to receive material to be crushed through a centrally disposed opening. The hopper is further configured to feed material to the chamber 104.

The comminution apparatus 100 also includes a rotor 108. A rotor 108 is disposed inside the chamber 104. Rotor 108 is configured to rotate about an axis during operation when rotor 108 receives material. The rotor 108 is arranged to project material to be comminuted towards a surface. The surface may be disposed within chamber 104 but outside rotor 108. Thus, the rotor 108 is the main working component of the comminution apparatus 100. Rotor 108 will be further discussed in conjunction with fig. 2 and 5.

Fig. 2 shows rotor 108 described in connection with fig. 1 in more detail. Rotor 108 includes a frame 202, sometimes referred to as a weld (piece). Frame 202 includes an upper plate 204, a lower plate 206, and a wall member 208. Wall element 208 may extend between upper plate 204 and lower plate 206.

Rotor 108 includes an inlet opening 210 disposed in upper plate 204 and one or more outlets 212 located between upper plate 204 and lower plate 206. The material is arranged to be projected through the one or more outlets 212 towards an outward crushing surface, such as a autogenous surface of the crushed material.

Rotor 108 includes a distribution plate 214. A distribution plate 214 is disposed at an upper surface 216 of the lower plate 206. An upper surface 216 of lower plate 206 is disposed below inlet opening 210. In use, the distributor plate 214 of the rotating rotor is arranged to receive material received through the inlet opening 210 in a generally vertical direction and to divert the material in a generally horizontal direction and project it through the one or more outlets 212 towards the outer crushing surface. The distribution plate 214 includes a cavity 218. The cavity 218 is open at the lower surface of the distribution plate 214 and closed toward the upper surface of the distribution plate 214.

The distribution plate 214 will be discussed in more detail in conjunction with FIGS. 4A-4C.

Fig. 3A shows a mounting plate 302. Mounting plate 302 may be attached to an upper surface of a rotor boss disposed below rotor 108 to which lower plate 206 of rotor 108 is also attached. The mounting plate 302 may be attached to the rotor boss by a plurality of bolts 304. Mounting plate 302 includes a central recess in which attachment device 306 is configured to be mounted. The attachment device 306 may be arranged to attach the distribution plate 214 to the rotor 108. The attachment device 306 may be arranged to retain the distribution plate 214 at the mounting plate 302, thereby retaining the distribution plate 214 in the rotor 108. The attachment devices 306 may be arranged to enable the distribution plate 214 to be repositioned to different wear positions by rotating relative to the mounting and lower plates 206 of the rotor 108. The attachment means 306 is arranged to frictionally and possibly also mechanically engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity 218 of the distribution plate 214.

Fig. 3B shows the attachment device 306 in more detail. The attachment device 306 includes a shaft 308 having a first end 308a and a second end 308 b. Attachment device 306 may be attached to mounting plate 302 by mounting first end 308a of attachment device 306 into a central recess of mounting plate 302 by means of, for example, a threaded connection, welding, or other suitable fastening means. The attachment device 306 further includes a hub 310 disposed at the second end 308 b. The attachment means 306 further comprises friction enhancing means 312 arranged at the hub 310. The friction enhancing means 312 may be arranged along the entire circumference of the hub 310 or at a portion thereof.

The attachment device 306 is configured to receive the distribution plate 214 such that the attachment device 306 interacts with a corresponding interior surface in the distribution plate 214. The attachment means 306 is arranged to frictionally and possibly also mechanically engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity 218. Thereby, the distribution plate 214 is held in place by the attachment means 306.

FIG. 4A illustrates a distribution plate 214 according to one embodiment. The distribution plate 214 includes a top plate 402, a middle plate 404, and a bottom plate 406.

The base plate 406 includes a bottom recess 408. The middle plate 404 includes a middle recess 410. A bottom recess 408 and an intermediate recess 410 are included in the cavity 218. The bottom recess 408 and the middle recess 410 are centered in the middle plate and the bottom plate. In this embodiment, the cavity 218 is closed toward the upper surface of the distribution plate 214 by means of the top plate 402. However, blind holes may be created in the bottom plate 406 or in the intermediate plate 404, which combine with through holes in the bottom plate 406. Thus, the top plate 402 may have a substantially continuous surface without bolt holes or the like that increase wear.

The middle plate 404 and the top plate 402 are attached to each other by adhesive means or the like. Collar 412 is configured to fit within medial recess 410 of medial plate 404. Collar 412 may be welded to intermediate plate 404. Collar 412 may be made of steel. Collar 412 may have an outer diameter similar to the inner diameter of undercut 408 of base plate 406 such that it may pass therethrough. Collar 412 extends downwardly outside of intermediate plate 404. Middle plate 404 and top plate 402 may be mounted on top of bottom plate 406, wherein a portion of collar 412 extending outside of middle plate 404 may be received by bottom recess 408 of bottom plate 406.

The bottom plate, middle plate 404, and top plate 402 may all be provided as disks and may all have the same or at least substantially the same diameter. The intermediate plate 404 includes circumferential projections 414 and recesses 415 arranged to mitigate rotation of the distribution plate 214.

As described above, the distribution plate 214 may be mounted on an upper surface of a rotor boss that extends through the mounting plate 302 with the attachment device 306. In a first step, base plate 406 may be attached to an upper surface of mounting plate 302 using attachment device 306 inside rotor 108. The attachment device 306 may be mounted through a central recess 408 of the base plate 406. In a second step, the middle plate 404 and the top plate 402 may be attached to the attachment means 306 on top of the bottom plate 406. Attachment device 306 may be inserted into collar 412 attached to intermediate plate 404. Thus, the second end 308b of the attachment device 306 may face the lower surface 416 of the top plate 402. To fully attach the distribution plate 214 to the attachment device 306, the distribution plate 214 may be pushed into place.

The attachment means 306 is arranged to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity 218. The friction enhancing means 312 of the attachment means 306 may be arranged to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity 218. The friction enhancing means 312 may be arranged to frictionally engage with the inner surface of the collar 412. By pushing the dispensing plate 214 into place, the friction enhancing device 312 may be arranged such that a friction or holding force may be applied to the collar 412, and thus to the dispensing plate 214. The force may be applied in a radial direction. The friction enhancing means 312 may be a spring, wherein the force may be a spring force in a radial direction. This arrangement provides that the distributor plate 214 can be held in place. This arrangement provides for the attachment means 306 and the distribution plate 214 to be attached to each other in a reliable and stable manner. Further, this arrangement provides for no bolts or the like being required to pass through the entire distribution plate 214 to hold the distribution plate 214 in place.

As shown in fig. 4B, cavity 218 disposed within collar 412 may have a slightly funnel-shaped region 430 at a lower portion thereof. This simplifies the process of mounting the distribution plate 214 to the attachment arrangement 306. Preferably, the inner diameter of the lowermost portion of the collar 412 is larger than the outer diameter of the friction enhancing means 312. Subsequently, the inner diameter of the collar 412 is gradually reduced so that the friction enhancing means 312 is radially compressed, as a result of which the friction between the friction enhancing means 312 and the inner surface of the collar 412 is increased.

As can also be seen in fig. 4B, the cavity 218 has a recess 440 in the inner sidewall. The recess 440 has a shape that at least partially matches the shape of the friction enhancing means 312. In this embodiment, the recess 440 has a partially annular cross-section and extends along the circumference of the inner sidewall of the cavity 218. The corresponding shapes of the recess 440 and the friction enhancing device 312 create a mechanical retention force in addition to the frictional force created between the outer surface of the friction enhancing device 312 and the inner sidewall of the cavity 218. This increases the holding force, which prevents the distributor plate 214 from lifting upward. This is particularly advantageous because such lifting may cause dust and debris to reach beneath the distributor plate 214, which may cause imbalance and other problems. Obviously, instead of a part-annular recess, the cross-section of which comprises a circular segment with an arc defining a side wall in the cavity, the cross-section of the recess may have many other shapes. Such as triangular, partially elliptical, etc. Any shape is conceivable as long as it forms a recess in which the friction enhancing means can partially expand in addition to the frictional holding force to form a mechanical holding force against the lifting of the distributor plate.

FIG. 4C illustrates an alternative embodiment of a distribution plate 214. Here, the entire distributor plate 214 is provided as a single-piece component. Thus, the distributor plate 214 is made of a single piece, rather than by means of a plurality of plates. Thus, the cavity 218 (which, as defined above, may have a recess in the sidewall) may be implemented directly in the distribution plate 214. However, a collar inserted into the distributor plate 214 may also be provided. The upper surface of the distribution plate 214 may be provided with wear resistant elements, or the entire distribution plate 214 may be made of a wear resistant material. Similar to the previous embodiments, the distribution plate 214 is provided with protrusions 414 and recesses 415 to mitigate rotation of the distribution plate 214.

FIG. 5 illustrates a rotor 108 including a distribution plate 214 as discussed in connection with FIGS. 4A-4C. In addition to what has been discussed above in connection with fig. 1-4C, a rod 502 is also shown. The rod 502 is placed between the bottom plate 402 and the top plate 406 in a recess between two adjacent protrusions 414 of the middle plate 404. The operator can reposition the distributor plate 214 into a different wear position by using the stem 502. An operator may rotate the distribution plate 214 from outside the rotor 108. There is no need to unscrew any bolts or the like, or lift the distribution plate 214 to reposition the distribution plate 214.

Thus, when the distributor plate 214 is repositioned, the friction enhancing device 312 is arranged to hold the distributor plate 214 in place, i.e. to avoid the distributor plate 214 being lifted. This is possible because the friction enhancing device 312 applies a force to the distribution plate 214, as discussed in connection with fig. 4A-4C. Thus, the attachment arrangement 306 provides for the distribution plate 214 to remain down both during operation of the rotor 108 and during repositioning thereof, while still allowing for such rotational repositioning. As mentioned earlier, the inner wall of the cavity 218 may have a shape that matches the shape of the friction enhancing means 312, thereby adding mechanical retention to the frictional retention.

The person skilled in the art realizes that the present invention by no means is limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims. For example, the distributor plate has been exemplified herein as being comprised of one, two or more components. Those skilled in the art realize that this can be accomplished in many ways. For example, it may be made of a number of discs or the like as deemed necessary within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the shape of the upper surface of the distributor plate may be substantially flat, but may also be convex or concave. Also, a mounting plate has been defined that is attached to the rotor boss to which the lower plate of the rotor is also attached. However, the mounting plate may also be attached directly to the lower plate. Also, the mounting plate may be part of the distribution plate.

In addition, variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed disclosure, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rotor for a comminution apparatus, characterized in that the rotor (108) is arranged to project material to be comminuted towards a surface, the rotor (108) comprising:

a frame (202) comprising an upper plate (204), a lower plate (206), and a wall element (208) extending between the upper plate (204) and the lower plate (206);

an inlet opening (210) in the upper plate (204) and one or more outlets (212) between the upper plate (204) and the lower plate (206), wherein the inlet opening (210) is arranged to receive the material, and wherein the material is projected towards the surface through the one or more outlets (212); and

a distribution plate (214) arranged at an upper surface (216) of the lower plate (206) below the inlet opening (210), wherein the distribution plate (214) is arranged to project material towards the surface,

wherein the distribution plate (214) comprises a cavity (218) which is open at a lower surface of the distribution plate (214),

wherein the rotor (108) further comprises an attachment device (306) for holding the distribution plate (214) at the upper surface (216) of the lower plate (206), wherein the attachment device (306) is arranged to frictionally engage with a corresponding surface of the cavity (218), and wherein the attachment device (306) enables repositioning of the distribution plate (214) to a different wear position.

2. The rotor as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (218) is closed towards an upper surface of the distribution plate (214).

3. The rotor as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the attachment means (306) comprises: a shaft (308) having a first end (308a) and a second end (308b), a hub (310) provided at the second end (308b) and a friction enhancing means (312) arranged at the hub (310).

4. The rotor as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the distribution plate (214) comprises a bottom plate (406) and a top plate (402), wherein the cavity comprises a bottom recess (410) in the bottom plate (406) arranged to receive the attachment means (306).

5. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the distribution plate (214) further comprises an intermediate plate (404), and wherein the cavity comprises an intermediate recess (410) in the intermediate plate (404) arranged to receive the attachment device (306).

6. The rotor as recited in claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate plate (404) is provided with a circumferential protrusion (414).

7. The rotor according to any of the claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the friction enhancing means (312) is made of a metallic material such as steel or a polymer material such as rubber.

8. A distribution plate for use in a rotor (108) of a comminution apparatus (100), characterized in that the distribution plate (214) comprises a bottom plate (406), a top plate (402) and a cavity open at a lower surface of the distribution plate (214), wherein the cavity comprises a recess in the bottom plate (406) and the distribution plate further comprises attachment means (306), wherein the attachment means are arranged to frictionally engage with respective surfaces of the cavity, and wherein the attachment means (306) enable repositioning of the distribution plate (214) into different wear positions.

9. The distributor plate of claim 8, further comprising an intermediate plate (404), and wherein the cavity comprises a recess (410) in the intermediate plate (404).

10. The distributor plate according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the attachment means (306) comprise: a shaft (308) having a first end (308a) and a second end (308b), a hub (310) provided at the second end (308b) and a friction enhancing means (312) arranged at the hub (310).

11. The distribution plate according to any of claims 8 to 10, wherein the top plate (402) is made of a wear resistant material such as tungsten.

12. Comminution apparatus comprising a rotor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. The comminution apparatus of claim 12, wherein the comminution apparatus is a vertical shaft impactor.