CN217300614U - Quick supporting device for roadway - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway support, and discloses a rapid roadway support device, which comprises a support shed frame, a shed frame mounting vehicle and a shed frame dismounting vehicle; the supporting shed frame can be expanded and contracted; the shed frame mounting vehicle is provided with a mounting mechanism, and the mounting mechanism is used for grabbing a supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle and supporting the supporting shed frame in a roadway; the shed frame dismantling vehicle is provided with a dismantling mechanism, and the dismantling mechanism is used for dismantling the supporting shed frame in a supporting state in the roadway and placing the supporting shed frame on the shed frame dismantling vehicle; the shed frame dismounting vehicle can convey the supporting shed frames placed on the shed frame dismounting vehicle to the shed frame mounting vehicle. The utility model discloses can improve the degree of automation of the operation of strutting the rack, be favorable to improving tunnelling work efficiency, reduce the risk that the staff suffered from occupational disease simultaneously.

Description

Quick supporting device for roadway

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel support technical field specifically is a quick strutting arrangement in tunnel.

Background

The conventional mechanical tunneling of the rectangular roadway is generally carried out in a mode of tunneling while bolting, but the bolting technology has the defects of complicated process and variable roadway conditions, does not have a mature automatic solution at present, needs manual bolting, is slow in bolting by the conventional bolting mode, has an outstanding problem of unbalanced tunneling and severely limits the tunneling efficiency.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.

Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a quick strutting arrangement in tunnel, including supporting rack, rack installation car and rack disassembly car. The supporting shed frame can be expanded and contracted, and is used for supporting the roadway rock wall after being expanded; one or more supporting shed frames can be placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle; the shed frame mounting vehicle is provided with a mounting mechanism, and the mounting mechanism is used for grabbing a supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle and supporting the supporting shed frame in a roadway; the shed frame mounting vehicle is a heading machine; the shed frame dismantling vehicle is provided with a dismantling mechanism, and the dismantling mechanism is used for dismantling a supporting shed frame in a supporting state in a roadway and placing the supporting shed frame on the shed frame dismantling vehicle; the shed frame dismounting vehicle can convey the supporting shed frames placed on the shed frame dismounting vehicle to the shed frame mounting vehicle; place the rack installation car with the support rack on the rack disassembly car all is in the contraction state, the rack installation car and place support rack on the rack installation car can pass through from the support rack below of strutting in the tunnel.

The quick strutting arrangement in tunnel that this application provided can improve the degree of automation of strutting the operation is strutted to the rack, realizes automatic along with digging along with propping up, is favorable to improving tunnel tunnelling work efficiency. In addition, the working staff is prevented from being in the roadway working face for a long time, the risk of occupational diseases of the working staff is reduced, and the safety of operation is improved.

In some embodiments, the supporting canopy frame comprises a top beam, two shoulder beams, two support columns and a lower leg, wherein the top beam is used for supporting a top plate of the roadway; the top beam comprises a beam body and an elastic pad fixed above the beam body, and one surface of the elastic pad, which is far away from the beam body, is an upwards arched cambered surface; one end of one of the shoulder beams is rotatably connected with one end of the top beam, one end of the other shoulder beam is rotatably connected with the other end of the top beam, and two ends of the beam body are respectively rotatably connected with the two shoulder beams; the support columns are telescopic, the two support columns are rotatably connected with one ends, far away from the top beam, of the two shoulder beams respectively, and each support column comprises an upper support leg, a lower support leg and a suspension oil cylinder; one end of the upper supporting leg is sleeved outside the lower supporting leg; the suspension oil cylinder is arranged inside the upper supporting leg, one end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the upper supporting leg, the other end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the lower supporting leg, and the suspension oil cylinder drives the lower supporting leg to slide along the length direction of the upper supporting leg; barbs are arranged on the contact surface of the upper supporting leg and the side wall of the roadway; one end, far away from the shoulder beam, of each supporting column is connected with a rotatable shank, one end, far away from the supporting columns, of each shank is provided with a grounding pin, the grounding pins are rotatably connected with the shanks, and the grounding pins can freely rotate under the action of gravity; the shank is provided with a hook finger, the bottom of the upper supporting leg is provided with a fixing column, and the hook finger can be hooked on the fixing column.

In some embodiments, the suspension cylinder includes a cylinder block, a piston rod, and a piston. One end of the cylinder body is provided with a first connecting part used for being connected with the upper supporting leg. An oil pool hole is formed in one end face of the piston rod, and an oil passage is formed in the piston rod; one end of the piston rod, which is provided with the oil pool hole, is inserted into the cylinder body of the air cylinder and can slide in the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an annular oil duct is arranged on a rod body of the piston rod, which is positioned in the cylinder body of the air cylinder; one end of the oil through passage is communicated with the annular oil passage, the other end of the oil through passage is communicated with the bottom of the oil pool hole through an oil return passage, and a second one-way valve is arranged in the oil return passage; an inflation hole communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an inflation joint is arranged in the inflation hole; and one end of the piston rod, which is far away from the first connecting part, is connected with the lower support leg. The piston is arranged in the cylinder body of the cylinder and is fixed with the piston rod; an oil storage cavity and a main seal mounting groove are formed in the outer wall of the piston, and an oil inlet oil duct which enables the oil storage cavity to be communicated with the annular oil duct is formed in the piston rod; and an exhaust hole communicated with the oil storage cavity is formed in the end face of the piston, and a third one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust hole. An oil filling hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, one end of the oil filling hole is communicated with the oil through passage, and an oil filling device is arranged in the oil filling hole; the oil injection device comprises a first one-way valve and an oil injection joint, the oil injection joint is installed in the oil injection hole, and the first one-way valve is arranged at one end, close to the oil through passage, of the oil injection joint.

In some embodiments, the oil passage is a cylindrical hole, the length direction of the oil passage is consistent with the length direction of the piston rod, and one end of the oil passage penetrates through the piston rod and is blocked by a first plug; the outer wall of the piston is provided with two guide sleeve mounting grooves which surround the piston for one circle, the guide sleeve mounting grooves are respectively positioned at two ends of the outer wall of the piston, and the main sealing mounting groove is positioned between the two guide sleeve mounting grooves; the outer wall of the piston is also provided with a lubricating grease adsorption ring, and the lubricating grease adsorption ring is arranged between the main seal installation groove and one of the guide sleeve installation grooves; an oil level detection hole communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and the oil level detection hole is plugged through a second plug; set up the O type circle mounting groove that encircles piston rod a week on the piston rod outer wall of annular oil duct both sides, set up O type circle in the O type circle mounting groove, O type circle is located the piston with between the piston rod.

In some embodiments, the shank comprises two wing plates which are parallel to each other, the distance between the two wing plates is not less than the width of the upper leg, and the two wing plates are connected and fixed through a connecting piece; one end of the wing plate is provided with a notch to form the hook finger, and the other end of the wing plate is provided with a second through hole; a first hollow hinge pin is arranged at one end of the shank close to the support column, and two ends of the first hollow hinge pin are respectively arranged in the second through holes of the two wing plates; one end of the support column, which is far away from the shoulder beam, is arranged between the two wing plates, and one end of the support column, which is far away from the shoulder beam, is rotatably connected with the first hollow hinge pin; the upper support leg is hinged with the shoulder beam through a second hollow hinge pin, and a third through hole is formed in the second hollow hinge pin; the first hollow hinge pin is provided with a first through hole, and the cross section of the first through hole is non-circular.

In some embodiments, the canopy frame mounting vehicle is further provided with a canopy frame transport mechanism, and the canopy frame transport mechanism comprises a first support, a first slide way, a first nut slide block, a first lead screw and a first driving device. The first supports are two and are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame mounting vehicle in the width direction. The first slide way is connected with the first support and extends along the length direction of the shed frame mounting vehicle, and the first slide way is used for placing a supporting shed frame. One part of the first nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the first slideway, and the other part of the first nut sliding block is positioned outside the first slideway. The first lead screw is rotatably arranged in the first slide way along the length direction of the first slide way, and the first lead screw is in threaded fit with the first nut and slide block. The first driving device is arranged at one end of the first slide way and connected with the first lead screw, and the first driving device is used for driving the first lead screw to rotate and driving the first nut sliding block to slide along the first slide way; the mounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the mounting mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame mounting vehicle; the mounting arm is detachably connected with the supporting shed frame, and the mounting arm of the mounting mechanism is used for grabbing the supporting shed frame placed on the first slide way and supporting the supporting shed frame in a roadway.

In some embodiments, a shed frame transfer mechanism is further arranged on the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the shed frame transfer mechanism comprises a second support, a second slide way, a second nut slide block, a second lead screw and a second driving device. The second support is connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle in a liftable mode. The second slide with the second support links to each other and follows the length direction of shed frame disassembly vehicle extends, the second slide is two, two the second slide is followed the width direction interval arrangement of shed frame disassembly vehicle. One part of the second nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the second slideway, and the other part of the second nut sliding block is positioned outside the second slideway. The second lead screw is rotatably arranged in the second slide way along the length direction of the second slide way, and the second lead screw is in threaded fit with the second nut slide block. The second driving device is arranged at one end of the second slideway and connected with the second lead screw, and the second driving device is used for driving the second lead screw to rotate and driving the second nut sliding block to slide along the second slideway; the dismounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the dismounting mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame dismounting vehicle; the mounting arm with it links to each other to strut rack detachably, the mounting arm of disassembly body be used for with strut the rack and dismantle from the tunnel and put the supporting rack that gets off in the rack transport mechanism.

In some embodiments, the second bracket includes a connection plate, a first lift cylinder, and a second lift cylinder. One end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the second slide way. One end of the first lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the first lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the first end of the second slide way. One end of the second lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the second lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the second end of the second slide way.

In some embodiments, the shed dismounting vehicle further comprises a drill rig rotatably mounted on the shed dismounting vehicle; the drill frame comprises: the device comprises a support frame, a top plate and a drill box; the top plate is provided with a positioning hole, the top plate is connected with the upper end of the support frame, and the top plate can move along the length direction of the support frame; the drill box is connected with the lower end of the support frame and is used for connecting a drill rod or an anchor rod.

In some embodiments, the mounting arm comprises a slipway, a large arm, a small arm, a large arm tilt cylinder, a small arm tilt cylinder, a large arm telescoping cylinder, and a small arm telescoping cylinder, and the slipway is fixed with a canopy frame mounting truck or a canopy frame dismantling truck; the large arm is telescopic, and the first end of the large arm is rotatably connected with the sliding table; the small arm is telescopic, the first end of the small arm is rotatably connected with the second end of the large arm, a first support rod and a second support rod are arranged on the small arm, the first support rod and the second support rod are suitable for being detachably connected with the supporting shed frame, the first support rod and the second support rod are respectively fixed at two ends of the small arm, and the cross section of the first support rod is non-circular; the first end of the large arm tilting cylinder is rotatably connected with the sliding table, the second end of the large arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the large arm, the sliding table can drive the large arm and the large arm tilting cylinder to move along the length direction of the shed frame mounting vehicle or the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the large arm tilting cylinder can drive the large arm to swing in a plane; the first end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the large arm, and the second end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the small arm; the large arm comprises a first large arm and a second large arm, the first large arm is slidably arranged in the second large arm, the large arm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the large arm, the first end of the large arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the first large arm, and the second end of the large arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the second large arm; the small arm comprises a first small arm and a second small arm, the first small arm can be arranged in the second small arm in a sliding mode, the small arm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the small arm, the first end of the small arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the first small arm, and the second end of the small arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the second small arm.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the canopy frame installation vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the shed frame dismounting vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a mounting arm in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a large arm in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a small arm in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural view of the embodiment of the present invention showing the expanded state of the supporting frame.

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the retractable status of the supporting frame in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the installation state of the supporting shed frame in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis and distribution of the supporting shed in the installation state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a top beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is another schematic view of the top beam according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a structural diagram of the assembled support column, lower leg and grounding foot according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a view showing the structure of the lower leg in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 shows a structure of a ground pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is an internal structure view of the suspension cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is an assembly view of the first bracket, the first slide, the first lead screw, and the first driving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 7.

Reference numerals: 1. a shed frame dismounting vehicle; 2. supporting a shed frame; 3. a shed frame mounting vehicle; 4. a first bracket; 5. a first slideway; 6. a first nut runner; 7. a first driving device; 701. a first decelerator; 702. a first motor; 8. an installation mechanism; 9. a limiting block; 10. a disassembly mechanism; 11. drilling a box; 12. a support frame; 13. a top plate; 14. a second bracket; 1401. a first lift cylinder; 1402. a connecting plate; 1403. a second lift cylinder; 15. a second slideway; 16. a second nut block; 17. a second lead screw; 18. a second driving device; 1801. a second decelerator; 1802. a second motor; 19. a sliding table; 20. a large arm; 2001. a second large arm; 2002. a first large arm; 21. a large arm tilt cylinder; 22. a second stay bar; 23. a small arm tilt cylinder; 24. a small arm; 2401. a second small arm; 2402. a first small arm; 25. a first stay bar; 26. a large arm telescopic cylinder; 27. a small arm telescopic cylinder; 28. a top beam; 2801. an elastic pad; 2802. a beam body; 29. a shoulder beam; 30. an upper support leg; 31. fixing a column; 32. a lower leg; 33. a second hollow hinge pin; 34. a first hollow hinge pin; 35. a lower leg; 3501. a wing plate; 3502. a connecting member; 36. a ground pin; 3601. a base plate; 3602. a second connecting portion; 3603. anti-skid foot nails; 37. hooking the finger; 38. a third through hole; 39. a first through hole; 40. suspending the oil cylinder; 41. a notch; 42. a second through hole; 43. a cylinder block; 44. an oil return passage; 45. a guide sleeve mounting groove; 46. an oil storage chamber; 47. a primary seal mounting groove; 48. a grease adsorbing ring; 49. a piston; 50. a second plug; 51. an oil level detection hole; 52. a piston rod; 53. a first plug; 54. an oil injection joint; 55. a first check valve; 56. an oil passage; 57. a second one-way valve; 58. an inflation joint; 59. an annular oil passage; 60. an O-shaped ring mounting groove; 61. an exhaust hole; 62. a third check valve; 63. an oil filler hole; 64. a first lead screw; 65. a barb; 66. an oil inlet duct; 67. a second pin shaft; 68. roadway rock walls; 69. a support shed frame in a contraction state; 70. a first connection portion; 71. an oil sump hole.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 19, the present embodiment provides a roadway rapid supporting device, which includes a supporting shed frame 2, a shed frame mounting vehicle 3 and a shed frame dismounting vehicle 1. The supporting shed frame 2 can be unfolded and contracted, and the supporting shed frame 2 is used for supporting the roadway rock wall 68 after being unfolded. One or more supporting shed frames 2 can be placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle 3, and the shed frame mounting vehicle 3 can be a tunneling machine set; be provided with installation mechanism 8 on the canopy frame installation car 3, installation mechanism 8 is used for snatching to place and is in support canopy frame 2 on the canopy frame installation car 3 and will support canopy frame 2 and strut in the tunnel. The shed frame dismantling vehicle 1 is provided with a dismantling mechanism 10, and the dismantling mechanism 10 is used for dismantling a supporting shed frame in a supporting state in a roadway and placing the supporting shed frame on the shed frame dismantling vehicle 1; the shed frame dismounting vehicle 1 can convey the supporting shed frames placed on the shed frame dismounting vehicle 1 to the shed frame mounting vehicle 3. Place rack installation vehicle 3 with support rack 2 on the rack disassembly vehicle 1 all is in the contraction state, rack disassembly vehicle 1 and place support rack 2 on the rack disassembly vehicle 1 can pass through from the support rack below of strutting in the tunnel.

The application process of this embodiment is as follows:

the method comprises the steps of pre-storing a certain number of supporting racks on a rack mounting vehicle, then controlling the rack mounting vehicle to move in a roadway, moving the rack mounting vehicle to a specified position, and carrying the supporting racks placed on the rack mounting vehicle to the position together.

Secondly, the mounting mechanism on the shed mounting vehicle grabs a supporting shed frame placed on the shed mounting vehicle, and then the mounting mechanism props the supporting shed frame to enable the supporting shed frame to be supported in the roadway.

And thirdly, the shed frame mounting vehicle tunnels along the roadway, and a supporting shed frame is taken down at intervals to support the roadway until the supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle is used up or is supported to a target position.

Fourthly, after the supporting shed frames placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle are used up, the shed frame mounting vehicle is stopped, and workers enter the working surface of the roadway and anchor rods support the roadway after ventilation and dust fall in the roadway.

After the anchor rod supporting of the workers is finished, a supporting shed frame supported in the roadway is retracted and disassembled by a disassembling mechanism on a shed frame disassembling vehicle, and the disassembled supporting shed frame is placed on the shed frame disassembling vehicle until the supporting shed frame is fully placed on the shed frame disassembling vehicle;

sixthly, controlling the shed frame dismantling vehicle to move to the shed frame mounting vehicle, wherein the supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame dismantling vehicle is in a contraction state in the process, so that the shed frame dismantling vehicle and the supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame dismantling vehicle can pass through the lower part of the propped supporting shed frame; when the shed frame dismounting vehicle moves to a proper position behind the shed frame mounting vehicle, the shed frame dismounting vehicle transfers the supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame dismounting vehicle to the shed frame mounting vehicle;

and seventhly, repeating the step II, and starting the next operation period, thereby realizing continuous automatic support of the support shed frame.

The utility model provides a quick strutting arrangement in tunnel can improve the degree of automation of the operation of strutting the rack and strut, realizes automatic along with digging along with propping, is favorable to improving tunnel tunnelling work efficiency. In addition, the working staff is prevented from being in the roadway working face for a long time, the risk of occupational diseases of the working staff is reduced, and the safety of operation is improved.

The support canopy frame includes a top beam 28, two shoulder beams 29, two support columns and a lower leg 35. The top beam is used for supporting a top plate of the roadway, so that the length of the top beam is adapted to the width of the roadway; one end of one of the shoulder beams is rotatably connected with one end of the top beam, and one end of the other shoulder beam is rotatably connected with the other end of the top beam; the two support columns are respectively rotatably connected with one ends of the two shoulder beams, which are far away from the top beam; one end, far away from the shoulder beam, of each support column is connected with a rotatable shank, and one end, far away from the support columns, of the shank is provided with a grounding foot 36. The top beam is hinged with the shoulder beam, the shoulder beam is hinged with the support column, and the support column is hinged with the shank through pin shafts, and the top beam, the shoulder beam and the support column are always in the same plane when rotating. When the supporting shed frame is retracted, the two shoulder beams rotate towards the middle of the supporting shed frame, and the lower ends of the two shoulder beams and the two support columns are close to each other, so that the width of the supporting shed frame is reduced as a whole; meanwhile, the supporting columns shrink and shorten, and the shanks rotate upwards to realize folding, so that the overall height of the supporting shed frame is reduced. The support shed frame expanding process is opposite to the support shed frame contracting process, and the description is omitted.

To achieve the telescoping of the support column, in some embodiments the support column includes an upper leg 30, a lower leg 32, and a suspension cylinder 40; one end of the upper supporting leg is sleeved on the outer side of the lower supporting leg; the suspension oil cylinder is arranged inside the upper supporting leg, one end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the upper supporting leg, the other end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the lower supporting leg, the lower supporting leg is driven by the suspension oil cylinder to slide along the length direction of the upper supporting leg, and therefore the support column can stretch out and draw back, and the overall height of the supporting shed frame can be adjusted.

In a preferred embodiment, the top surface of the top beam 28 is an upwardly arched surface, and the radius of curvature of the top surface of the top beam 28 is smaller than the radius of curvature of the roadway roof. When the roadway is rectangular, the curvature radius of the roadway top plate is considered to be infinite, and is smaller than the curvature radius of the roadway top plate as long as the curvature radius of the top beam is a finite value; when the roadway roof has a limited curvature radius, the top beam curvature radius is smaller than that of the roadway roof. When the top surface of the top beam is upward in use, the top beam is integrally connected with the top plate after certain elastic deformation under the pushing of the supporting column, so that the contact load of the top beam and the top plate is in arch distribution.

As a further improvement to this embodiment, the top beam 28 includes a beam body 2802 and an elastic pad 2801 fixed above the beam body 2802, the beam body 2802 and the elastic pad 2801 may be fixed by adhesion or by bolts, and both ends of the beam body 2802 are respectively hinged to two shoulder beams 29; the face, deviating from the roof beam body, of the cushion is an arc face arched upwards. The beam body can adopt a straight beam or a curved beam. Referring to fig. 11, the beam body is a straight beam, and the thickness of the elastic pad is gradually reduced from the middle of the elastic pad to the two ends of the elastic pad. Referring to fig. 12, the beam body is a curved beam which is arched upwards, and the thickness of each position of the elastic pad is equal.

When the supporting shed frame is used, the beam body of the supporting shed frame is in contact with a roadway top plate through the elastic pad, the elastic pad is elastically deformed under the pushing of the supporting column and is in full contact with the roadway top plate, and the supporting load of the roadway is distributed by the elastic pad as shown in figure 10, so that arch-shaped load distribution is formed. The arch load distribution is approximately consistent with the load required by roadway support, so that the load distribution can generate better supporting effect on the roadway, the state that the supporting force of the common top beam is concentrated on the supporting columns is changed, and the roadway top plate is prevented from being damaged; in addition, the elastic cushion is arranged on the upper part of the beam body and on the contact surface of the top of the roadway, so that the top beam can be in flexible contact with the roadway, and the local bulge in the top plate of the roadway is prevented from being crushed to a great extent, and the protection effect of the top plate of the roadway is achieved.

The suspension cylinder 40 includes a cylinder block 43, a piston rod 52, and a piston 49. One end of the cylinder body 43 is provided with a first connecting part 70 for connecting with the upper support leg, and one end of the cylinder body is hinged with the upper support leg through the first connecting part 70. An oil pool hole 71 is formed in one end face of the piston rod 52, the oil pool hole 71 is located in the center of the piston rod, the axis of the oil pool hole is overlapped with the axis of the piston rod, and an oil passing channel 56 is further arranged inside the piston rod; one end of the piston rod, which is provided with the oil pool hole, is inserted into the cylinder body of the air cylinder and can slide in the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an annular oil duct 59 is arranged on a rod body of the piston rod, which is positioned in the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and the annular oil duct 59 surrounds the outer wall of the piston rod for one circle; one end of the oil passage 56 is communicated with the annular oil passage 59, and in specific implementation, the annular oil passage can be communicated with the oil passage 56 by punching a hole in the piston rod. The other end of the oil through passage is communicated with the bottom of the oil pool hole through an oil return passage 44, and a second one-way valve 57 is arranged in the oil return passage; an inflation hole communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an inflation connector 58 is arranged in the inflation hole; and one end of the piston rod, which is far away from the first connecting part, is connected with the lower support leg. The piston is arranged in the cylinder body of the cylinder and is fixed with the piston rod; an oil storage cavity 46 and a main seal installation groove 47 are formed in the outer wall of the piston, the oil storage cavity and the main seal installation groove encircle the outer wall of the piston by a circle, and an oil inlet oil duct 66 which enables the oil storage cavity to be communicated with the annular oil duct is formed in the piston rod; and an exhaust hole 61 communicated with the oil storage cavity is formed in the end face of the piston, and a third check valve 62 is arranged in the exhaust hole 61.

The working principle of the suspension oil cylinder is as follows: through set up oil bath hole and return circuit in hanging the hydro-cylinder, utilize the pressure variation of hanging the hydro-cylinder during operation inside, form automatic fluid infusion return circuit, make the gas in the fluid storage chamber discharge to extension cylinder life. Wherein the automatic fluid infusion refers to: bubbles appear in the oil storage cavity due to loss or oil solution dissolved gas release and the like, and along with the extension of the work of the suspension oil cylinder, the pressure in the suspension oil cylinder is reduced, and the bubbles automatically expand and are discharged through an exhaust hole which is arranged at the upper end of the piston and is provided with a third one-way valve 62; when the suspension oil cylinder is compressed, along with the increase of pressure, the internal pressure of the suspension oil cylinder can press oil in the oil pool hole into the oil storage cavity through the oil return oil passage with the second check valve 57, so that bubbles in the oil storage cavity are compressed and reduced, and the bubbles in the oil storage cavity can be discharged after the circulation, thereby realizing the automatic liquid supplementing function.

The piston rod provided with the oil pool hole can be used as a space for storing oil, the volume of high-pressure gas in the suspension oil cylinder can be increased, and the stroke range of effective supporting force of the suspension oil cylinder is further increased. Because there is fluid in the fluid storage chamber all the time, so the main seal that sets up in the main seal mounting groove is in the state of soaking fluid all the time, so its performance, life-span can both reach very high requirement, realize the high pressure work of hanging the hydro-cylinder.

As a preferred embodiment, the oil passage may be a cylindrical hole, the length direction of the oil passage is consistent with the length direction of the piston rod, one end of the oil passage penetrates through the piston rod and is blocked by the first plug 53, in which case the oil passage may be obtained by drilling. In order to realize oil supply in the suspension oil cylinder, an oil filling hole 63 is formed in the piston rod body located on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, one end of the oil filling hole 63 is communicated with an oil through passage, and an oil filling device used for filling oil into the oil through passage is arranged in the oil filling hole 63. In order to facilitate processing and manufacturing, the oil filling hole and the oil return oil duct are both designed into cylindrical holes, the diameter of the oil filling hole is not smaller than that of the oil return oil duct, and the axis of the oil filling hole is collinear with that of the oil return oil duct. The oil injection device comprises a first one-way valve 55 and an oil injection joint 54, the oil injection joint is installed in the oil injection hole, and the first one-way valve is arranged at one end, close to the oil through channel, of the oil injection joint.

Two guide sleeve mounting grooves 45 surrounding the piston for a circle are formed in the outer wall of the piston, the guide sleeve mounting grooves are located at two ends of the outer wall of the piston respectively, and the main sealing mounting groove is located between the two guide sleeve mounting grooves. And a lubricating grease adsorption ring 48 is also arranged on the outer wall of the piston and is arranged between the main seal installation groove and one of the guide sleeve installation grooves. When the suspension oil cylinder is assembled, the lubricating grease adsorption ring is soaked by grease in advance, so that when the suspension oil cylinder works, the grease on the lubricating grease adsorption ring can lubricate the cylinder body of the air cylinder.

And an oil level detection hole 51 communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and the oil level detection hole is blocked by a second plug 50. Set up O type circle mounting groove 60 around piston rod a week on the piston rod outer wall of annular oil duct both sides, set up O type circle in O type circle mounting groove 60, O type circle be located the piston with between the piston rod, further guarantee the sealed effect of annular oil duct both sides through set up O type circle in O type circle mounting groove 60.

The suspension oil cylinder needs to complete the following preparation work before being used: 1. firstly, injecting grease into the suspension oil cylinder through the oil injection joint and the first one-way valve, simultaneously opening the oil level detection hole, observing that the liquid level in the oil pool hole reaches a specified position, stopping oil injection, and plugging the oil level detection hole by using the second plug; 2. connecting the air charging connector 58 with a high-pressure air source and charging air to enable the air pressure in the suspension oil cylinder to reach a certain value; 3. after the suspension oil cylinder is kept vertical and stands for enough time, the detection is carried out through a detection table or a testing device, and the suspension oil cylinder is ensured to be free of leakage. The suspension oil cylinder keeps the suspension oil cylinder in a nearly vertical state as much as possible during the transportation and use processes.

The suspension oil cylinder has the function of automatic liquid supplement through a special structure and a loop design, and the service performance and the service life of the suspension oil cylinder can be comparable to those of a hydraulic cylinder. The high-pressure air cylinder and the lubricating oil are arranged in a cavity, and the high-pressure air storage space is further increased through the hollow piston rod, so that the effective supporting movable stroke is increased, and the space is saved compared with a system formed by a common hydraulic oil cylinder and a high-pressure energy accumulator. In addition, if the effective supporting stroke needs to be further increased, the method can be realized by only externally connecting a simple high-pressure air chamber to the cylinder body of the air cylinder. The suspension oil cylinder can replace a hydraulic cylinder in special occasions with limited space, so that a series of equipment such as a pump station valve bank matched with the hydraulic cylinder is omitted, the cost is low, and good economic benefits and practical functions are achieved.

In order to maintain the state of the lower leg after the folding, a hook finger 37 may be provided on the lower leg 35, and a fixing post 31 may be provided on the bottom of the upper leg 30, and the hook finger 37 may be hooked on the fixing post. When the lower leg rotates upwards from the state in fig. 7 to the state in fig. 8, the hook finger on the lower leg hooks the bottom of the upper leg to fix, so that the folding of the lower leg is realized, and the supporting shed frame is in a contraction state. The grounding foot 36 is rotatably connected with the shank, and the grounding foot can freely rotate under the action of gravity, so that the grounding foot is hung on one side of the shank when the shank rotates to the upper part, the grounding foot is basically in a vertical position, and the occupied space is saved.

In some embodiments, the lower leg includes two wing plates 3501 parallel to each other, a distance between the two wing plates 3501 is not less than a width of the upper leg to ensure that the upper leg can be accommodated between the two wing plates, and the two wing plates are connected and fixed by a connecting member 3502. During processing, a notch 41 can be formed at one end of the wing plate to form the hook finger 37, and a second through hole 42 is formed at the other end of the wing plate 3501; a first hollow hinge pin is arranged at one end of the shank close to the support column, and two ends of the first hollow hinge pin are respectively fixed in the second through holes of the two wing plates; the end of the support column far away from the shoulder beam is arranged between the two wing plates, and the end of the support column far away from the shoulder beam is rotatably connected with the first hollow hinge pin. In order to facilitate hooking of the lower leg on the fixing post, the notch may be designed in a V shape, i.e., the width of the notch gradually decreases from the mouth of the notch to the bottom of the notch. The connecting piece can be a flat plate arranged between the two wing plates, and the flat plate and the two wing plates can be formed by bending a whole metal plate.

In some embodiments, the grounding pin 36 includes a base plate 3601 and a second connecting part 3602 fixed to the base plate 3601, and the second connecting part 3602 is rotatably connected to one end of the lower leg far from the supporting column through a second pin 67. In order to further improve the contact performance between ground connection foot and the ground, the one side design that the bottom plate deviates from the second connecting portion is the arc surface, still be provided with a plurality of anti-skidding foot nails 3603 on the one side that the bottom plate deviates from the second connecting portion, anti-skidding foot nail can be for setting up the hemisphere lug on the bottom surface of bottom plate. When the supporting shed frame in the embodiment supports in the roadway, the bottom plate of the grounding foot is in contact with the ground of the roadway, so that the contact area between the bottom plate and the roadway is increased, the contact surface is prevented from being crushed, and a better supporting effect is provided.

In order to better utilize the friction force of the roadway rock wall 68 on the upper limb legs, barbs 65 can be arranged on the contact surface of the upper limb and the roadway side wall, so that the upward friction coefficient and the downward friction coefficient of the upper limb legs are different. In some embodiments, the upper leg is hingedly connected to the shoulder beam by a second hollow hinge pin having a third through hole 38 disposed therein. The lower leg is hinged with the lower leg through a first hollow hinge pin, a first through hole 39 is formed in the first hollow hinge pin, and the cross section of the first through hole is non-circular. The shank is fixedly connected with the first hollow hinge pin, and the shank rotates synchronously along with the first hollow hinge pin when the first hollow hinge pin rotates. The first hollow hinge pin and the second hollow hinge pin are both vertical to the plane where the top beam, the shoulder beam and the support column are located.

The shed frame mounting vehicle is further provided with a shed frame conveying mechanism, and the shed frame conveying mechanism comprises a first support 4, a first slide way 5, a first nut slide block 6, a first lead screw 64 and a first driving device 7. The first supports are two parallel supports and are respectively installed on two sides of the shed frame installation vehicle in the width direction, the bottom of each first support is fixedly connected with the shed frame installation vehicle, and each first support is mainly used as an installation carrier of a first slide way; a first slide is all installed at the top of every first support, first slide extends along the length direction of rack installation car, and the length direction of first slide is unanimous with the advancing direction of rack installation car promptly. The first slide is used for placing the supporting shed frame, and after the supporting shed frame is placed on the first slide, the supporting shed frame can also slide along the length direction of the first slide under the action of external force. One end of the first slide way, which is far away from the first driving device, is provided with a limiting block 9, and the supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle is specifically placed on the first slide way between the limiting block and the first nut slide block. In addition, the distance between the two first sliding ways is not greater than the length of the top beam, so that the support shed frame 69 in the retracted state can be placed on the two first sliding rails. One part of the first nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the first slideway, and the other part of the first nut sliding block is positioned outside the first slideway; the first lead screw 64 is rotatably arranged in the first slideway along the length direction of the first slideway, in order to realize rotatable connection between the first lead screw 64 and the first slideway in specific implementation, two ends of the first lead screw can be fixed with the first slideway through a bearing seat, and the first lead screw is in threaded fit with the first nut sliding block; the first driving device is arranged at one end of the first slide way and connected with the first lead screw, the first driving device is used for driving the first lead screw to rotate and driving the first nut slider to slide along the first slide way, and when the first nut slider moves on the first slide way, the part of the first nut slider, which is positioned outside the first slide way, can push the supporting shed frame placed on the first slide way to move.

The mounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the mounting mechanism are respectively mounted on two sides of the shed frame mounting vehicle; the mounting arm with it links to each other to strut rack detachably, the mounting arm of installation mechanism is used for snatching the rack of strutting of placing on the first slide and will it struts in the tunnel to strut the rack.

Still be provided with rack transport mechanism on the rack disassembly vehicle, rack transport mechanism includes second support 14, second slide 15, second nut slider 16, second lead screw 17 and second drive arrangement 18. The second bracket is connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle in a lifting way; the two second slide ways are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the shed frame dismounting vehicle; the second slide is used for placing a supporting shed frame, and after the supporting shed frame is placed on the second slide, the supporting shed frame can also slide along the length direction of the second slide under the action of external force. In addition, the distance between the two second slide rails is not greater than the length of the top beam, so that the support shed 69 in the retracted state can be placed on the two second slide rails. One part of the second nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the second slideway, and the other part of the second nut sliding block is positioned outside the second slideway; the second lead screw is rotatably arranged in the second slide way along the length direction of the second slide way, and is in threaded fit with the second nut slide block; the second driving device is arranged at one end of the second slide way and connected with the second lead screw, the second driving device is used for driving the second lead screw to rotate and driving the second nut slide block to slide along the second slide way, and when the second nut slide block moves on the second slide way, the part of the second nut slide block, which is positioned outside the second slide way, can push the supporting shed frame placed on the second slide way to move.

The dismounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the dismounting mechanism are respectively mounted on two sides of the shed frame dismounting vehicle; the mounting arm with it links to each other to strut rack detachably, the mounting arm of disassembly body be used for with strut the rack and dismantle from the tunnel and put the supporting rack that gets off in the rack transport mechanism.

The first driving device 7 comprises a first motor 702 and a first speed reducer 701, and the first motor is in transmission connection with one end of the first lead screw through the first speed reducer. The second driving device 18 includes a second motor 1802 and a second speed reducer 1801, and the second motor 1802 is in transmission connection with one end of the second lead screw 17 through the second speed reducer 1801.

The mounting arm on the shed mounting vehicle and the mounting arm on the shed dismounting vehicle are identical in structure, and the mounting arms comprise sliding tables 19, large arms 20, small arms 24, large arm tilting cylinders 21 and small arm tilting cylinders 23. The sliding table is fixed with a shed frame mounting vehicle or a shed frame dismounting vehicle; the big arm is telescopic, and the first end of big arm with canopy frame installation car or canopy frame dismantlement car are articulated. The forearm is scalable, the first end of forearm with the second end of big arm is articulated, be equipped with first vaulting pole 25 and second vaulting pole 22 on the forearm 24, first vaulting pole and second vaulting pole be suitable for with it links to each other to strut rack detachably. The first end of the large arm tilting cylinder is hinged with the shed frame mounting vehicle or the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the second end of the large arm tilting cylinder is hinged with the large arm. The first end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is hinged with the large arm, and the second end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is hinged with the small arm. The slip table can drive the large arm and the large arm inclined cylinder to move along the length direction of the shed frame mounting vehicle or the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the large arm inclined cylinder can drive the large arm to swing in a plane.

To achieve the telescoping of the boom and the forearm, the mounting arm in some embodiments further comprises a boom telescoping cylinder 26 and a boom telescoping cylinder 27. The large boom 20 comprises a first large boom 2002 and a second large boom 2001, the first large boom is slidably arranged in the second large boom, the large boom telescopic cylinder is arranged in the large boom, a first end of the large boom telescopic cylinder is connected with the first large boom, a second end of the large boom telescopic cylinder is connected with the second large boom, and the expansion and contraction of the large boom are controlled through the expansion and contraction of the large boom telescopic rod. The forearm 24 includes first forearm 2402 and second forearm 2401, first forearm slidable is established in the second forearm, the forearm telescoping cylinder is established in the forearm, just the first end of forearm telescoping cylinder with first forearm links to each other, the second end of forearm telescoping cylinder with the second forearm links to each other, controls the flexible of forearm through the flexible of forearm telescopic bar.

The first stay bar 25 and the second stay bar 22 are respectively fixed at two ends of the forearm, the first stay bar can be inserted into the first through hole on the first hollow hinge pin, and the second stay bar can be inserted into the third through hole on the second hollow joint pin. After the first support rod on the mounting arm is inserted into the first through hole and the second support rod is inserted into the third through hole, the support shed frame is grabbed, and the mounting arm can drive the support shed frame to contract or expand. The cross-sectional shape of the first stay bar is non-circular (such as rectangular or regular polygon or oval), and the cross-sectional shape of the first stay bar is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole. In a preferred embodiment, the first through hole of the first hollow hinge pin and the first stay have a square cross-section. The first support rod can rotate around the axis of the first support rod, and after the first support rod is inserted into the first through hole of the first hollow hinge pin, the first support rod can be rotated to drive the shank to rotate. When the device is specifically implemented, the first support rod can be a square steel or square tube which is rotatably connected with the first small arm, and the second small arm can be a round steel which is welded on the second small arm.

To accomplish the raising and lowering of the second support, the second support 14 may include a connection plate 1402, two first lift cylinders 1401, and two second lift cylinders 1403. One end of the connecting plate 1402 is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle 1, and the other end of the connecting plate 1402 is hinged with the second slideway. One end of each first lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of each first lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the first end of the corresponding second slide rail. One end of each second lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the shed frame detaching vehicle, and the other end of each second lifting oil cylinder is hinged to the second end of each second slide rail. The second bracket can be lifted and descended under the adjustment of the first lifting oil cylinder and the second lifting oil cylinder.

After a first driving device on the shed mounting vehicle is started, a first lead screw is driven to rotate, then a first nut slider moves along the length direction of a first slide way, and in the process, the part, located outside the first slider, of the first nut slider pushes a supporting shed on the first slide way to move, so that the supporting shed can be ensured to be in close contact and orderly arranged, and one of the supporting sheds is in contact with a limiting block. After the supporting shed frames contacted with the limiting blocks on the shed frame conveying mechanism are taken away by the mounting mechanism, the first driving device is started again, all the supporting shed frames on the first slide rail are pushed by the first nut slide block to move forwards by one frame position, and automatic feeding and positioning of the supporting shed frames are achieved.

The mounting procedure of the shed mounting vehicle to the supporting shed is as follows:

a. controlling the shed frame mounting vehicle, and pushing the shed frame mounting vehicle to a specified position of the roadway;

b. controlling two mounting arms of the shed mounting vehicle, and respectively inserting a first support rod and a second support rod on the mounting arms into a first hollow hinge pin and a second hollow hinge pin of a supporting shed (the supporting shed is placed on the shed mounting vehicle and is in a retracted state), so as to realize the grabbing of the supporting shed;

c. controlling two mounting arms of the shed frame mounting vehicle to symmetrically lift the grabbed supporting shed frame upwards so as to tightly press a top beam of the supporting shed frame with a roadway top plate;

d. controlling two mounting arms of the shed frame mounting vehicle to enable upper support legs in support columns at two sides of the support shed frame to lean against the side walls of the roadway;

e. controlling the extension and contraction of the small arms of the two mounting arms of the shed frame mounting vehicle to enable the supporting columns to be retracted to proper positions and enable the hook fingers of the supporting shed frame to be separated from the fixing columns;

f. controlling a first support rod on the small arm to rotate to drive the shank to rotate downwards to a proper position;

g. controlling the small arm on the shed frame mounting vehicle to extend to a proper position so as to lead the grounding pin to be grounded;

h. the small arm on the shed frame mounting vehicle is controlled to further extend to drive the left support column and the right support column of the supporting shed frame to further extend, so that the supporting shed frame is pre-tensioned in a proper amount, the upper limbs and the legs of the supporting shed frame overcome the friction force of the side walls, the top beam is further compressed, and the whole supporting shed frame is in a tensioning state, so that the optimal supporting effect is provided. The effect diagram after the supporting shed frame is installed is shown in fig. 9.

And (3) performing acceptance analysis on the supporting shed frame according to the supporting state and the supporting process of the supporting shed frame, wherein the acceptance analysis of the installation process is shown in the right side of the figure 10, and an included angle between the shank and the vertical direction is set as alpha, and an included angle between the shoulder beam and the vertical direction is set as beta.

For the convenience of calculation, the influences of the friction force of the roadway rock wall 68 and the distribution positions of all hinge points are neglected, all the forces are translated and concentrated, and the forces are all subjected to stress decomposition and synthesis in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

The supporting force of the supporting leg is set as F ₁ The downward friction coefficient of the roadway wall 68 to the upper limb is mu ₁ Frictional resistance of F _μ1

The upper leg and leg upward driving force is as follows:

F _{on the upper part} ＝F ₁ -F _μ1

The positive pressure of the upper limb lateral upper limb is as follows:

F _{press and press} ＝F _{On the upper part} ·tgβ+F ₁ ·tgα＝F ₁ (tgβ+tgα)-F _μ1

Frictional resistance of roadway rock wall 68 against upper limb leg:

F _μ1 ＝F _{press and press} ·μ ₁ ＝[F ₁ (tgβ+tgα)-F _μ1 ]μ ₁

Finishing to obtain:

F _μ1 ＝F ₁ (tgβ+tgα)/(1+1/μ ₁ )

initial support force of the top beam:

F _{first stage} ＝F ₁ -F _μ1＝ [1-(tgβ+tgα)/(1+1/μ ₁ )]F ₁

When the top plate is pressed, the stress analysis of the supporting shed frame is shown on the left side of the figure 10, and at the moment, half of the top plate pressure (the two sides of the supporting shed frame are symmetrically designed) is set as F ₂ Its supporting force F with the supporting shed frame ₁ The new balance is obtained under the action of friction force, and the upward friction coefficient of the roadway rock wall to the upper limb leg is set to be mu ₂ Friction force of F _μ2 At this time:

F ₁ ＝F ₂ -F _μ2

at this time, F ₂ Acting force F on roadway rock wall through being decomposed into shoulder beams ₂₀ Because the stress decomposition angles of the upper and lower hinged points of the shoulder beam are the same and the acting force and the reacting force are the same, the positive pressure F is exerted on the rock wall of the roadway ₂₁ Comprises the following steps:

F ₂₁ ＝F ₂ ·tgβ

at this time, the supporting force F of the supporting shed frame ₁ The component force of each direction is the same as that of the primary support, but because the top plate presses, the upper limb leg has a downward movement trend, the friction force of the roadway rock wall to the upper limb leg is upward, in order to better utilize the friction force of the roadway rock wall to the upper limb leg, a barb can be arranged on the contact surface of the upper limb leg, so that the upward friction coefficient is different from the downward friction coefficient, as shown in fig. 9, the friction force of the roadway rock wall to the upper limb leg at the moment is as follows:

F _μ2 ＝(F ₁₃ +F ₂₁ )·μ ₂ ＝(F ₁ ·tgα+F ₂ ·tgβ)·μ ₂

in addition, the

F ₁ ＝F ₂ -(F ₁ ·tgα+F ₂ ·tgβ)·μ ₂

Solving to obtain:

F ₁ ＝F ₂ (1-μ ₂ ·tgβ)/(1+μ ₂ ·tgα)

as can be seen from the formula, the friction force F between the upper limb leg and the roadway rock wall _μ2 Will press F along with the top plate ₂ Is increased, a self-energizing effect is produced, and when β and α take appropriate values, F ₁ Much less than F ₂ That is, when the supporting shed frame provides a small supporting force, a great working resistance can be obtained. For example, β ═ 40 °, α ═ 10 °, μ ₂ When 1 (empirical value), F ₁ ≈0.29F ₂ When beta is more than or equal to 45 degrees, F ₁ Theoretical value of 0, i.e. self-locking effect, no matter F ₂ How large, F ₁ Neither need be increased.

The dismounting process of the supporting shed frame is opposite to the mounting process of the supporting shed frame, and the supporting shed frame is dismounted from the roadway by using a dismounting mechanism on the shed frame dismounting vehicle. After the supporting shed frames are detached from the roadway by the detaching mechanism, the detached supporting shed frames are in a contraction state, then the supporting shed frames are placed at the designated positions on the second slide ways, then the second driving device drives the second lead screw to rotate, the supporting shed frames on the second slide ways are pushed forwards for a distance by the second nut slide block, and therefore the plurality of detached supporting shed frames can be continuously placed at the designated positions. After a certain number of supporting shed frames are placed on the second slide rail, the shed frame dismounting vehicle moves to a proper position behind the shed frame mounting vehicle, then the second support is lifted to enable the second slide rail on the shed frame dismounting vehicle to be higher than the first slide rail on the shed frame mounting vehicle, then the second driving device is started, the second nut slide block pushes the supporting shed frame on the second slide rail to the first slide rail, and the process of transferring the supporting shed frame from the shed frame dismounting vehicle to the shed frame mounting vehicle is completed. The shed frame dismounting vehicle can return to the corresponding position again to continue the dismounting work of the supporting shed frame.

In some embodiments, the rack-dismantling wagon further comprises a drill rig rotatably provided on the shed-dismantling wagon. The drill frame is used for providing a guiding effect for a drill rod or an anchor rod, the anchor rod support is generally used for drilling a hole firstly and then carrying out anchor rod support in the hole, and anchor rod support operation at different angles can be realized through the rotatable arrangement. In specific implementation, the drill frame comprises a support frame 12, a top plate 13 and a drill box 11; the two support frames are respectively fixed on two sides of the second vehicle body; the top plate is provided with a positioning hole, the top plate is connected with the upper end of the support frame, and the top plate can move along the length direction of the support frame; during supporting, the top plate is jacked to the wall surface of the roadway; the drilling box is connected with the lower end of the support frame and is used for connecting a drill rod or an anchor rod. In this embodiment, the mounting arm of the detachment mechanism may be fixed to one side of the drilling rig.

In conclusion, the quick tunnel supporting device provided by the application has the following advantages:

the automatic support device can realize automatic support along with excavation, realizes automation and no humanization during working face excavation, avoids support work of personnel in an environment full of dust and noise during working of an excavating unit, and avoids occupational diseases.

Secondly, the supporting work efficiency during tunneling can be improved, the problem that the mining and supporting work progress is not matched during tunneling is thoroughly solved, and the tunneling efficiency is greatly improved.

And thirdly, the supporting is realized along with digging, the empty roof distance (no supporting distance in a tunneling section) is effectively shortened, the occurrence of roadway disasters such as roof fall and the like is reduced to the maximum extent, and the potential safety hazard is greatly reduced.

The supporting shed frame adopted in the application supports the top of the roadway, supports the side walls of the roadway at the same time, and avoids wall caving to the maximum extent and possible accidents caused by the wall caving.

Fifthly, the supporting shed frame adopted in the application is ingenious in design, can generate self-energizing working resistance when the top is pressed, reduces the requirement of the supporting shed frame on the working resistance, and is simple in structure, light, small in occupied space and efficient in utilization of the space of the mine roadway.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, various embodiments or examples and features of various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without being mutually inconsistent.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a quick strutting arrangement in tunnel which characterized in that includes:

the supporting shed frame can be expanded and contracted, and is used for supporting the roadway rock wall after being expanded;

the shed frame mounting vehicle can be used for placing one or more supporting shed frames; the shed frame mounting vehicle is provided with a mounting mechanism, and the mounting mechanism is used for grabbing a supporting shed frame placed on the shed frame mounting vehicle and supporting the supporting shed frame in a roadway;

the shed frame dismantling vehicle is provided with a dismantling mechanism, and the dismantling mechanism is used for dismantling a supporting shed frame in a supporting state in a roadway and placing the supporting shed frame on the shed frame dismantling vehicle; the shed frame dismounting vehicle can convey the supporting shed frames placed on the shed frame dismounting vehicle to the shed frame mounting vehicle;

place the rack installation car with the support rack on the rack disassembly car all is in the contraction state, the rack installation car and place support rack on the rack installation car can pass through from the support rack below of strutting in the tunnel.

2. The roadway quick support apparatus of claim 1, wherein the supporting canopy frame comprises:

the top beam is used for supporting a top plate of the roadway; the top beam comprises a beam body and an elastic pad fixed above the beam body, and one surface of the elastic pad, which is far away from the beam body, is an upwards arched cambered surface;

one end of one of the shoulder beams is rotatably connected with one end of the top beam, one end of the other shoulder beam is rotatably connected with the other end of the top beam, and two ends of the beam body are respectively rotatably connected with the two shoulder beams;

the two support columns are telescopic and are respectively rotatably connected with one ends, far away from the top beam, of the two shoulder beams, and each support column comprises an upper support leg, a lower support leg and a suspension oil cylinder; one end of the upper supporting leg is sleeved outside the lower supporting leg; the suspension oil cylinder is arranged inside the upper supporting leg, one end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the upper supporting leg, the other end of the suspension oil cylinder is connected with the lower supporting leg, and the suspension oil cylinder drives the lower supporting leg to slide along the length direction of the upper supporting leg; barbs are arranged on the contact surface of the upper supporting leg and the side wall of the roadway;

the lower leg is connected with one end of each support column, which is far away from the shoulder beam, and a rotatable lower leg is connected with one end of each support column, which is far away from the support column, and a grounding pin is arranged at one end of each lower leg, which is rotatably connected with the lower leg and can freely rotate under the action of gravity; the shank is provided with a hook finger, the bottom of the upper supporting leg is provided with a fixing column, and the hook finger can be hooked on the fixing column.

3. The rapid roadway support apparatus of claim 2, wherein the suspension cylinder comprises:

the device comprises a cylinder body, a first connecting part and a second connecting part, wherein one end of the cylinder body is provided with the first connecting part which is used for being connected with an upper supporting leg;

the oil cylinder comprises a piston rod, wherein an oil pool hole is formed in one end face of the piston rod, and an oil passage is formed in the piston rod; one end of the piston rod, which is provided with the oil pool hole, is inserted into the cylinder body of the air cylinder and can slide in the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an annular oil duct is arranged on a rod body of the piston rod, which is positioned in the cylinder body of the air cylinder; one end of the oil through passage is communicated with the annular oil passage, the other end of the oil through passage is communicated with the bottom of the oil pool hole through an oil return passage, and a second one-way valve is arranged in the oil return passage; an inflation hole communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and an inflation joint is arranged in the inflation hole; one end of the piston rod, which is far away from the first connecting part, is connected with the lower support leg;

the piston is arranged in the cylinder body of the cylinder and is fixed with the piston rod; an oil storage cavity and a main seal mounting groove are formed in the outer wall of the piston, and an oil inlet oil duct which enables the oil storage cavity to be communicated with the annular oil duct is formed in the piston rod; an exhaust hole communicated with the oil liquid storage cavity is formed in the end face of the piston, and a third one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust hole;

an oil filling hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, one end of the oil filling hole is communicated with the oil through passage, and an oil filling device is arranged in the oil filling hole; the oil injection device comprises a first one-way valve and an oil injection joint, the oil injection joint is installed in the oil injection hole, and the first one-way valve is arranged at one end, close to the oil through passage, of the oil injection joint.

4. The rapid roadway supporting device according to claim 3, wherein the oil-passing oil duct is a cylindrical hole, the length direction of the oil-passing oil duct is consistent with the length direction of the piston rod, and one end of the oil-passing oil duct penetrates through the piston rod and is blocked by a first blocking head; the outer wall of the piston is provided with two guide sleeve mounting grooves surrounding the piston for one circle, the guide sleeve mounting grooves are respectively positioned at two ends of the outer wall of the piston, and the main seal mounting groove is positioned between the two guide sleeve mounting grooves; the outer wall of the piston is also provided with a lubricating grease adsorption ring, and the lubricating grease adsorption ring is arranged between the main seal installation groove and one of the guide sleeve installation grooves; an oil level detection hole communicated with the oil pool hole is formed in the piston rod body positioned on the outer side of the cylinder body of the air cylinder, and the oil level detection hole is plugged through a second plug; the oil gallery structure is characterized in that O-shaped ring mounting grooves surrounding the piston rod in a circle are formed in the outer wall of the piston rod on two sides of the annular oil duct, O-shaped rings are arranged in the O-shaped ring mounting grooves, and the O-shaped rings are located between the piston and the piston rod.

5. The rapid roadway support device according to claim 2, wherein the shank comprises two wing plates parallel to each other, the distance between the two wing plates is not less than the width of the upper leg, and the two wing plates are connected and fixed through a connecting piece; one end of the wing plate is provided with a notch to form the hook finger, and the other end of the wing plate is provided with a second through hole; a first hollow hinge pin is arranged at one end of the shank close to the support column, and two ends of the first hollow hinge pin are respectively arranged in the second through holes of the two wing plates; one end of the support column, which is far away from the shoulder beam, is arranged between the two wing plates, and one end of the support column, which is far away from the shoulder beam, is rotatably connected with the first hollow hinge pin; the upper support leg is hinged with the shoulder beam through a second hollow hinge pin, and a third through hole is formed in the second hollow hinge pin; the first hollow hinge pin is provided with a first through hole, and the cross section of the first through hole is non-circular.

6. The rapid roadway support device of claim 1, wherein a shed transport mechanism is further provided on the shed mounting vehicle, the shed transport mechanism comprising:

the two first supports are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame mounting vehicle in the width direction;

the first slide way is connected with the first support and extends along the length direction of the shed frame mounting vehicle, and the first slide way is used for placing a supporting shed frame;

a part of the first nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the first slideway, and the other part of the first nut sliding block is positioned outside the first slideway;

the first lead screw is rotatably arranged in the first slide way along the length direction of the first slide way and is in threaded fit with the first nut slide block;

the first driving device is arranged at one end of the first slide way and connected with the first lead screw, and the first driving device is used for driving the first lead screw to rotate and driving the first nut slide block to slide along the first slide way;

the mounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the mounting mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame mounting vehicle; the mounting arm is detachably connected with the supporting shed frame, and the mounting arm of the mounting mechanism is used for grabbing the supporting shed frame placed on the first slide way and supporting the supporting shed frame in a roadway.

7. The quick tunnel supporting device according to claim 1, wherein a shed frame transfer mechanism is further provided on the shed frame dismounting vehicle, the shed frame transfer mechanism includes:

the second bracket is connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle in a lifting manner;

the two second slide ways are connected with the second support and extend along the length direction of the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the two second slide ways are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the shed frame dismounting vehicle;

a part of the second nut sliding block is slidably arranged in the second slide way, and the other part of the second nut sliding block is positioned outside the second slide way;

the second screw rod is rotatably arranged in the second slide way along the length direction of the second slide way and is in threaded fit with the second nut slide block;

the second driving device is arranged at one end of the second slide way and connected with the second lead screw, and the second driving device is used for driving the second lead screw to rotate and driving the second nut slide block to slide along the second slide way;

the dismounting mechanism comprises two mounting arms, and the two mounting arms of the dismounting mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the shed frame dismounting vehicle; the mounting arm with it links to each other to strut rack detachably, the mounting arm of disassembly body be used for with strut the rack and dismantle from the tunnel in and put the rack that struts that get off on the rack transport mechanism.

8. The roadway quick support apparatus of claim 7, wherein the second bracket comprises:

one end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the second slide way;

one end of the first lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the first lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the first end of the second slide way;

and one end of the second lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the other end of the second lifting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the second end of the second slide way.

9. The rapid roadway support device of claim 7, wherein the shed dismounting vehicle further comprises a drill frame, and the drill frame is rotatably arranged on the shed dismounting vehicle; the drill frame comprises: the device comprises a support frame, a top plate and a drill box; the top plate is provided with a positioning hole, the top plate is connected with the upper end of the support frame, and the top plate can move along the length direction of the support frame; the drill box is connected with the lower end of the support frame and is used for connecting a drill rod or an anchor rod.

10. The roadway quick support apparatus of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the mounting arm comprises:

the sliding table is fixed with the shed frame mounting vehicle or the shed frame dismounting vehicle;

the large arm is telescopic, and the first end of the large arm is rotatably connected with the sliding table;

the small arm is telescopic, the first end of the small arm is rotatably connected with the second end of the large arm, a first support rod and a second support rod are arranged on the small arm and are suitable for being detachably connected with the supporting shed frame, the first support rod and the second support rod are respectively fixed at the two ends of the small arm, and the cross section of the first support rod is non-circular;

the first end of the big arm tilting cylinder is rotatably connected with the sliding table, the second end of the big arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the big arm, the sliding table can drive the big arm and the big arm tilting cylinder to move along the length direction of the shed frame mounting vehicle or the shed frame dismounting vehicle, and the big arm tilting cylinder can drive the big arm to swing in a plane;

the first end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the large arm, and the second end of the small arm tilting oil cylinder is rotatably connected with the small arm;

the large arm telescopic cylinder comprises a first large arm and a second large arm, the first large arm is slidably arranged in the second large arm, the large arm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the large arm, the first end of the large arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the first large arm, and the second end of the large arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the second large arm;

the small arm telescopic cylinder comprises a first small arm and a second small arm, the first small arm can be arranged in the second small arm in a sliding mode, the small arm telescopic cylinder is arranged in the small arm, the first end of the small arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the first small arm, and the second end of the small arm telescopic cylinder is connected with the second small arm.

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