CN217284229U - Active solar greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, active solar greenhouse includes the combined type waterwall, the water roof truss, the cistern, first immersible pump and second immersible pump, the combined type waterwall includes waterwall and heat preservation wallboard, the junction of water roof truss overlap joint in the north slope with heat preservation wallboard, the lower extreme of waterwall is suitable for to be linked together through first water supply pipe and the first immersible pump that sets up in the cistern, the upper end of waterwall is suitable for to be linked together through first return water pipe and cistern, the built-in heat transfer passageway of water roof truss, the lower extreme of heat transfer passageway is suitable for to be linked together through second water supply pipe and the second immersible pump that sets up in the cistern, the upper end of heat transfer passageway is suitable for to be linked together through second return water pipe and cistern. The high-temperature-resistant and heat-resistant composite material has a high night temperature level, can improve the daytime high-temperature condition, and provides an excellent heat environment for the growth of temperature-favored crops in cold winter.

Description

Active solar greenhouse

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a greenhouse environmental engineering field especially relates to an active solar greenhouse.

Background

The sunlight greenhouse is an excellent gardening facility in northern areas of China, has obvious energy-saving property compared with a plastic greenhouse and a glass greenhouse, and can be used for overwintering production of fruits and vegetables in severe cold areas under the condition of no heating or little heating. The heat storage and release function of the sunlight greenhouse is one of the main energy-saving mechanisms. The traditional sunlight greenhouse mainly stores and releases heat by absorbing and storing indoor solar heat by a north wall in the daytime and releasing the heat at night to maintain indoor night temperature. However, due to the slow heat transfer of the wall material (brick or rammed earth), the north wall has difficulty in efficiently collecting and storing solar heat that is abundant during the day, and the heat storage capacity of the north wall is not sufficient to maintain the desired night temperature. In addition, the heat release process of the passive heat storage system is not controllable, and ineffective heating and heat waste can occur. At present, the indoor night temperature is still generally low, and freezing damage can occur even in cloudy weather, so that the thermal performance of the traditional sunlight greenhouse cannot reliably guarantee the overwintering production of temperature-favored crops. In addition, the temperature is too high during the day, which is not beneficial to the growth and development of crops.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an active solar greenhouse, its water wall structure and the water roof truss structure that has active solar heat collection and release function to a high-efficient energy-conserving operation control method is provided with the heat management ability of full play this kind of novel greenhouse system. In the greenhouse, the solar heat which is surplus in the daytime can be efficiently collected and reasonably used according to the heating requirement at night, so that the indoor solar energy is efficiently utilized. Compared with the traditional sunlight greenhouse, the greenhouse has higher night temperature level, and can improve the daytime high temperature condition existing in the traditional greenhouse, thereby providing a better thermal environment for the growth of the temperature-favored crops in cold winter.

The utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, including combined type waterwall, water roof truss, cistern, first immersible pump and second immersible pump, the combined type waterwall includes waterwall and heat preservation wallboard, the junction of water roof truss overlap joint in the north slope with heat preservation wallboard, the lower extreme of waterwall be suitable for through first water supply pipe with set up in the cistern first immersible pump is linked together, the upper end of waterwall be suitable for through first return water pipe with the cistern is linked together, built-in heat transfer passageway of waterwall, heat transfer passageway's lower extreme be suitable for through the second water supply pipe with set up in the cistern the second immersible pump is linked together, heat transfer passageway's upper end be suitable for through the second return water pipe with the cistern is linked together.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, the waterwall includes a plurality of cavity board solar collector, and is a plurality of cavity board solar collector's inside all has a plurality of rivers passageways that parallel.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, adopt the tissue scheme that supplies back from top to bottom in the rivers passageway.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, it is a plurality of adopt parallelly connected mode between the cavity board solar collector.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, it is a plurality of well hollow plate solar collector follows the length direction of heat preservation wallboard relies on the close-packed installation of bottom support.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, water roof truss includes all roof truss nest of tubes in the greenhouse, the roof truss nest of tubes includes chord member and lower chord member, the inside passageway of chord member and lower chord member forms the heat transfer passageway, adopt the rivers tissue scheme that supplies back down in the heat transfer passageway, the lower extreme of chord member and lower chord member be linked together and all with the second water supply pipe is linked together, the upper end of chord member and lower chord member be linked together and all with the second return water pipeline is linked together.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, adopt parallelly connected mode between the roof truss nest of tubes.

According to the utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, further comprising an automatic control device, a water temperature sensor, a water wall mold surface device, a water wall mold surface temperature sensor, a water roof truss mold surface device and a water roof truss mold surface temperature sensor, wherein the water temperature sensor is used for monitoring the water temperature in the reservoir, the water wall mold surface device is installed on the heat-insulating wall plate, the water wall mold surface device and the hollow plate solar heat collector are made of the same material, the water wall mold surface temperature sensor is used for monitoring the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device, the greenhouse is provided with the water roof truss mold surface device at the position matched with the water roof truss, the water roof truss mold surface device and the water roof truss are made of the same material, the water roof truss mold surface temperature sensor is used for monitoring the surface comprehensive temperature of the water roof truss mold surface device, the automatic control equipment is respectively and electrically connected with the water temperature sensor, the water wall mold surface temperature sensor, the water roof truss mold surface temperature sensor, the first submersible pump and the second submersible pump.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, cavity plate solar collector with the dark dope layer of all coating of the face of rising of water wall die surface device, the back of the body negative side of cavity plate solar collector and water wall die surface device all sets up the heated board.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, the water roof truss with the dark dope layer of surface equal coating of water roof truss die face device.

The utility model provides an active solar greenhouse utilizes waterwall and water roof truss to carry out the initiative of solar heat and collects in the daytime through the hydrologic cycle mode, so can carry out high-efficient the utilization to the solar heat that gets into the greenhouse to in the water in the cistern is stored to the heat of collecting, simultaneously, above-mentioned two kinds of solar collector still take away the heat of hottest area in the greenhouse through in the daytime, make the greenhouse can adjust the temperature well in the daytime, and have better temperature homogeneity. After the temperature in the greenhouse drops at night, according to the temperature requirement of crop growth, hot water in the water storage tank is utilized to actively heat the interior of the greenhouse through the water wall and the water roof truss, so that the temperature at night can be well adjusted, and energy is saved.

Compared with the traditional passive solar greenhouse, the active solar greenhouse can realize active and efficient utilization of solar energy in the greenhouse, has a better temperature environment at day and night, and provides excellent thermal comfort for the growth of temperature-favored crops in cold winter.

The active solar greenhouse has lower construction cost, and only adds parts such as a water wall, a connecting pipeline of the water wall and a water roof truss, a water storage tank, a water pump, an automatic control device and the like compared with the traditional solar greenhouse. In winter production of the active solar greenhouse, a large amount of energy is not required to be consumed for greenhouse heating, only a small amount of electric energy is consumed in the operation of the first submersible pump and the second submersible pump, the temperature rise can be realized, and the fossil energy consumption and the carbon footprint of greenhouse production are greatly reduced. In addition, the north wall of the active solar greenhouse is a composite wall body constructed of a water wall and a heat-insulating wall panel, and has better thermal performance compared with the conventional solar greenhouse north wall because the water wall has better capability of collecting and using solar energy. The novel composite wall is a more ideal composite wall structure with external heat preservation and internal heat storage. The light and simple assembly type wall structure also greatly reduces the thickness of the north wall, saves the land area and reduces the construction cost. Obviously, the wall structure is an ideal substitute structure for the traditional heavy north wall (brick wall or earth wall, etc.). The analysis shows that the greenhouse not only has remarkable economic and energy-saving performance, but also has important significance for environmental protection.

The operation control method adopted by the water wall and the water roof truss comprehensively considers the solar radiation and the indoor air temperature on the surfaces of the water wall and the water roof truss by utilizing the surface comprehensive temperature of the die surface device in the daytime, and reasonably selects the heat collection operation time by referring to the water temperature of the reservoir, thereby efficiently utilizing the solar energy and avoiding the ineffective operation and the heat waste; at night, the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device is used for representing the indoor air temperature, the heat release operation of the water wall and the water roof truss is controlled according to the indoor air temperature, the heating requirement of crops is reflected reasonably, the water wall is operated preferentially in the heat release process, the water roof truss is operated when the heating capacity of the water wall and the water roof truss is insufficient, the water wall and the water roof truss work cooperatively, the maximum effects of the water wall and the water roof truss are achieved, energy is saved, the mode that a slightly high heat release heating value is set in the first half night and a slightly low heat release heating value is set in the second half night is adopted, the growth of the crops is facilitated, the yield increasing effect is achieved, meanwhile, solar heat can be utilized reasonably, and heat collected in limited time in the day is utilized efficiently. The operation control method further improves the capacity of the active solar greenhouse for efficiently utilizing solar energy and saving energy.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an active solar greenhouse;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the structure of an active solar greenhouse;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in air temperature in the test zone and the control zone.

Reference numerals:

1. a reservoir; 2. a thermal insulation wallboard; 3. a water roof truss; 4. a hollow plate solar collector; 5. a first water supply pipeline; 6. a first submersible pump; 7. a first water return pipeline; 8. a second water supply pipeline; 9. a second submersible pump; 10. a second water return pipe; 11. an automated control device; 12. a water temperature sensor; 13. a water wall molding surface device; 14. a water wall mold surface temperature sensor; 15. a water roof truss mold surface device; 16. a water roof truss mold surface temperature sensor; 17. a tailpiece; 18. a lower chord tube.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The utility model provides an active solar greenhouse is described below with reference to fig. 1-2, including the combined type waterwall, water roof truss 3, cistern 1, first immersible pump 6 and second immersible pump 9, the combined type waterwall includes waterwall and thermal-insulation wall board 2, 3 overlap joints of water roof truss are in the junction of northern slope and thermal-insulation wall board 2, the lower extreme of waterwall is suitable for being linked together through first water supply pipe 5 and the first immersible pump 6 that sets up in cistern 1, the upper end of waterwall is suitable for being linked together through first return water pipeline 7 and cistern 1, 3 built-in heat transfer passageways in water roof truss, the lower extreme of heat transfer passageway is suitable for being linked together through second water supply pipe 8 and the second immersible pump 9 that sets up in cistern 1, the upper end of heat transfer passageway is suitable for being linked together through second return water pipeline 10 and cistern 1.

The water walls and the water roof truss 3 are used as a greenhouse heating radiator at night.

The water roof truss 3 is lapped at the joint of the north slope and the heat insulation wall plate 2, and is a conventional arrangement mode in the field, and redundant description is omitted here.

The heat-insulating wall board 2 has both structural bearing capacity and heat-insulating performance.

The heat preservation wallboard 2 can adopt a polystyrene foam board, and light steel fins are embedded in the polystyrene foam board, so that a good supporting effect is achieved.

According to the embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, the waterwall includes a plurality of cavity board solar collector 4, and a plurality of cavity board solar collector 4's inside all has a plurality of rivers passageways that parallel, supplies the scheme of organizing of going back under adopting in the rivers passageway, makes the circulating water can be full of each rivers passageway, and easily thoroughly discharges the inside air of rivers passageway to realize higher thermal-arrest efficiency. The hollow plate solar heat collectors 4 are connected in parallel, so that the total overflowing section is large, the flowing resistance is small, and the heat efficiency is high. And the hollow plate solar heat collectors 4 are densely arranged along the length direction of the heat-insulating wall plate 2 by depending on the bottom bracket. The hollow plate solar heat collectors 4 are densely arranged along the length direction of the heat-insulating wall plate 2 to form an active solar heat-collecting and heat-releasing water wall, and the active solar heat-collecting and heat-releasing water wall can replace a heat storage layer of a traditional sunlight greenhouse wall.

The first submersible pump 6, the first water supply pipe 5, the hollow plate solar collector 4, the first return pipe 7 and the water reservoir 1 may form a complete water circulation system (the direction of the arrows in fig. 1 and 2 is the water flow direction). The system absorbs solar heat in the greenhouse through the hollow plate solar heat collector 4 in the daytime, the collected heat is transferred and stored in a water body in the reservoir 1 in a water circulation mode, and the temperature rise inside the greenhouse is realized through heat release of the hollow plate solar heat collector 4 at night. The solar heat is collected, transferred, stored and released in the above mode.

According to the utility model provides a pair of active solar greenhouse, water roof truss 3 includes all roof truss nest of tubes in the greenhouse, and the roof truss nest of tubes includes upper chord 17 and lower chord 18, and the inside passageway of upper chord 17 and lower chord 18 forms the heat transfer passageway, adopts the rivers scheme of organizing that supplies the last time down in the heat transfer passageway, makes the circulating water can be full of upper chord 17 and lower chord 18, and easily thoroughly gets rid of the inside air of upper chord 17 and lower chord 18 to realize higher thermal-arrest efficiency. The lower ends of the upper chord pipe 17 and the lower chord pipe 18 are communicated and are communicated with the second water supply pipeline 8, and the upper ends of the upper chord pipe 17 and the lower chord pipe 18 are communicated and are communicated with the second water return pipeline 10. The roof truss pipe groups are connected in parallel, so that the total flow cross section is large, the flow resistance is small, and the heat efficiency is high.

The upper chord pipe 17 and the lower chord pipe 18 can be round galvanized pipes, and the outer diameters of the upper chord pipe 17 and the lower chord pipe 18 are 32 mm. The roof truss tube assembly formed by the upper chord 17 and the lower chord 18 can be installed 42 in groups.

The second submersible pump 9, the second water supply pipe 8, the heat exchange channel of the water roof truss 3, the second water return pipe 10 and the water reservoir 1 may also form a complete water circulation system (the direction of the arrow in fig. 1 and 2 is the water flow direction). The system absorbs solar heat in the greenhouse through the water roof truss 3 in the daytime, transfers and stores the collected heat into the water body in the reservoir 1 in a water circulation mode, releases heat through the water roof truss 3 at night, and achieves warming of the interior of the greenhouse. The solar heat collection, transfer, storage and release are realized through the mode.

According to the embodiment of the utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, still include automatic control equipment 11, temperature sensor 12, water wall die surface device 13, water wall die surface temperature sensor 14, water roof truss die surface device 15 and water roof truss die surface temperature sensor 16, temperature sensor 12 is used for monitoring the temperature in cistern 1, water wall die surface device 13 is installed on thermal-insulation wall board 2, water wall die surface device 13 adopts the same material with well hollow plate solar collector 4 to make, water wall die surface temperature sensor 14 is used for monitoring the comprehensive temperature in surface of water wall die surface device 13, the greenhouse sets up water roof truss die surface device 15 in the position with water roof truss 3 looks adaptation, water roof truss die surface device 15 adopts the same material with water roof truss 3 to make, water roof truss die surface temperature sensor 16 is used for monitoring the comprehensive temperature in surface of water roof truss die surface device 15, automatic control equipment 11 respectively with water temperature sensor 12, The water wall mould surface temperature sensor 14, the water roof truss mould surface temperature sensor 16, the first submersible pump 6 and the second submersible pump 9 are electrically connected.

The surface integrated temperature of the water wall molding surface device 13 monitored by the water wall molding surface temperature sensor 14 represents the surface integrated temperature of the water wall which is not affected by the water flow, namely the surface integrated temperature of the hollow plate solar collector 4. In the daytime, the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is the comprehensive temperature obtained by balancing the solar radiation heat absorbed by the water wall surface and the convection heat exchange quantity between the water wall surface and the air, which is substantially the sum of the indoor air temperature and another additional temperature, and the additional temperature has the same effect as the solar radiation heat absorbed by the water wall surface, and can reflect the collected waste heat of the water wall surface. At night, the surface integrated temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is close to the indoor air temperature.

The integrated surface temperature of the roof truss face assembly 15 monitored by the roof truss face temperature sensor 16 is indicative of the integrated surface temperature of the roof truss 3 unaffected by the water flow. In the daytime, the surface comprehensive temperature of the water roof truss mold surface device 15 is the comprehensive temperature obtained by balancing the solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of the water roof truss 3 and the convection heat exchange quantity between the surface of the water roof truss 3 and the air, and the surface comprehensive temperature is the sum of the indoor air temperature and another additional temperature, and the additional temperature has the same effect as the solar radiation heat absorbed by the surface of the water roof truss 3 and can reflect the collectable waste heat on the surface of the water roof truss 3. At night, the surface integrated temperature of the water roof truss mould surface device 15 is close to the indoor air temperature.

According to the active solar greenhouse provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the sunny sides of the hollow plate solar collector 4 and the water wall mold surface device 13 are coated with deep color coating layers, and the back shady sides of the hollow plate solar collector 4 and the water wall mold surface device 13 are provided with heat insulation plates; the surfaces of the water roof truss 3 and the water roof truss mould surface device 15 are coated with deep color coating layers.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, utilize 2 inboard waterwalls of thermal-insulation wall board and water roof truss 3 to carry out solar heat's initiative collection in the daytime through the hydrologic cycle mode, so can carry out high-efficient utilization to the solar heat that gets into the greenhouse, and in the water in cistern 1 is stored to the heat of collecting, simultaneously, above-mentioned two kinds of solar collector still take away the heat of hottest region in the greenhouse through in the daytime, make the greenhouse can adjust the temperature well in the daytime, and have better temperature homogeneity. After the temperature in the greenhouse drops at night, according to the temperature requirement of crop growth, hot water in the water storage tank 1 is used for actively heating the interior of the greenhouse through the water wall and the water roof truss 3, so that the temperature at night can be well adjusted, and meanwhile, energy is saved.

Compared with the traditional passive solar greenhouse, the active solar greenhouse can realize active and efficient utilization of solar energy in the greenhouse, has a better temperature environment at day and night, and provides excellent thermal comfort for the growth of crops which like temperature in cold winter.

The active solar greenhouse has lower construction cost, and compared with the traditional sunlight greenhouse, the active solar greenhouse only comprises parts such as a water wall, a connecting pipeline of the water wall and a water roof truss 3, a water storage tank 1, a first submersible pump 6, a second submersible pump 9, an automatic control device 11 and the like. In the winter production of the active solar greenhouse, a large amount of energy is not required to be consumed for greenhouse heating, the temperature rise can be realized only by consuming a small amount of electric energy in the running of the first submersible pump 6 and the second submersible pump 9, and the fossil energy consumption and the carbon footprint of greenhouse production are greatly reduced. In addition, the north wall of the active solar greenhouse is a composite wall body constructed of a water wall and the heat-insulating wall panels 2, and has better thermal performance compared to the conventional north wall of the solar greenhouse, because the water wall has better ability to collect and use solar energy. The novel composite wall is a more ideal composite wall structure with external heat preservation and internal heat storage. In addition, the light and simple assembly type wall structure also greatly reduces the thickness of the north wall, saves the land area and reduces the construction cost. Obviously, the wall structure is an ideal substitute structure for the traditional heavy north wall (brick wall or earth wall, etc.). The analysis shows that the greenhouse not only has remarkable economic and energy-saving performance, but also has important significance for environmental protection.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a greenhouse energy-efficient operation control method, be applied to the active solar greenhouse of aforementioned embodiment, the operation control method includes the thermal-arrest operation control in daytime and the exothermic operation control at night.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a greenhouse energy-efficient operation control method, be applied to the active solar greenhouse of aforementioned embodiment, the operation control method includes the thermal-arrest operation control in daytime and the exothermic operation control at night.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, the heat collection operation control method in the daytime comprises the steps of controlling the heat collection operation of the water wall by utilizing the difference (positive value, such as 5 ℃) between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1; the difference (positive value, for example 6 ℃) between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water roof truss mould surface device 15 and the water temperature in the water storage tank 1 is used for controlling the heat collection operation of the water roof truss 3.

The daytime heat collection operation control method considers the additional temperature caused by solar radiation absorbed on the surface of the water wall or the surface of the water roof truss 3 while considering the indoor air temperature and the water temperature of the water reservoir 1.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the control method for controlling the high-efficiency and energy-saving operation of the greenhouse, the control method for controlling the heat release operation at night comprises controlling the heat release operation of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 by utilizing the surface integrated temperature of the water wall formwork device 13 and the difference (negative value, for example, -4 ℃) between the surface integrated temperature of the water wall formwork device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1.

The essence of the night heat release operation control method is that the comprehensive surface temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is used for representing the indoor air temperature, so that the heat release operation of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 is controlled according to the indoor air temperature.

The operating conditions of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 are set, in which the starting value of the water wall for the heat release and warming (a positive value, for example, 12 ℃) is larger than the starting value of the water roof truss 3 for the heat release and warming (a positive value, for example, 11 ℃).

According to the embodiment of the utility model provides a greenhouse high efficiency energy saving operation control method, the exothermic operation control method at night is based on the temperature demand value that promotes crop assimilation product operation of first midnight (for example the first midnight temperature demand value of tomato sets up to 12 ℃) and the temperature demand value that restraines crop respiration of later midnight (for example the second midnight temperature demand value of tomato sets up to 8 ℃), promotes the temperature demand value that crop assimilation product operated and is greater than the temperature demand value that restraines crop respiration.

The following description will be made by taking the heat collecting and releasing operation process of the control water wall as an example (the heat collecting and releasing operation process of the control water roof truss 3 is similar to the above).

First, in the automation control device 11, a difference (Tc, set to positive) between the surface integrated temperature of a certain water wall molding surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1 is set as a water wall heat collection start condition.

The time period of the first half night for promoting the operation of the crop assimilation products to release heat and warm and the time period of the second half night for inhibiting the respiration of the crops to release heat and warm are set.

Setting the surface integrated temperature (Trs1) of a certain water wall mold surface device 13 as a set temperature requirement value in the first half night time period, setting the surface integrated temperature (Trs2) of the certain water wall mold surface device 13 as a set temperature requirement value in the second half night time period, and setting the difference (Tr, set to negative) between the surface integrated temperature of the certain water wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1 as water wall heat release starting conditions.

When the automatic control device 11 monitors that the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1 reaches or exceeds a set temperature difference value (Tc), or monitors that the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is equal to or lower than the set surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 (Trs1) and the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1 is equal to or lower than the set temperature difference value (Tr), or monitors that the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is equal to or lower than the set surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 (Trs2) and the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the reservoir 1 is equal to or lower than the set temperature difference value (Tr), the first submersible pump 6 is controlled to start operation, so that the water in the reservoir 1 continuously flows through the water wall, heat collection or release is performed.

When the automatic control device 11 monitors that the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the water storage tank 1 is lower than the set temperature difference value (Tc), or monitors that the surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 is higher than the set surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 in the set first midnight time period (Trs1), or the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the water storage tank 1 is higher than the set temperature difference value (Tr), or monitors that the surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 is higher than the set surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 in the set second midnight time period (Trs2), or the difference between the surface comprehensive temperature of the water-wall mold surface device 13 and the water temperature in the water storage tank 1 is higher than the set temperature difference value (Tr), the first submersible pump 6 is turned off, and the water storage tank heat collection operation or the heat release operation of the water wall is finished.

The operation control method adopted by the water wall and the water roof truss 3 comprehensively considers the solar radiation and the indoor air temperature on the surfaces of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 by utilizing the surface comprehensive temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 and the water roof truss mold surface device 15 in the daytime, and reasonably selects the heat collection operation time by referring to the water temperature of the water storage tank 1, thereby efficiently utilizing the solar energy and avoiding the invalid operation and heat waste; at night, the comprehensive surface temperature of the water wall mold surface device 13 is used for representing the indoor air temperature, and accordingly the heat release operation of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 is controlled, and the heating requirement of crops is reflected reasonably. In the heat release process, the water wall is preferentially operated, when the heating capacity of the water wall is insufficient, the water roof truss 3 is operated again, the water roof truss and the water roof truss work in a cooperative mode, the maximum efficacy of the water wall and the water roof truss is achieved, energy is saved simultaneously, the mode that the first half night is provided with a slightly high heat release heating value, and the second half night is provided with a slightly low heat release heating value is adopted, so that the growth of crops is facilitated, the yield increasing effect is achieved, meanwhile, solar heat can be more reasonably utilized, and heat collected in limited time in the day is efficiently utilized. The adopted operation control method further improves the capability of the active solar greenhouse to efficiently utilize solar energy and save energy.

Control analysis was performed below with test and control zones (zones with or without running waterwalls and water roof trusses, respectively) in an active solar greenhouse.

The active solar greenhouse is constructed into a sunlight greenhouse with the east-west length of 50m, the north-south span of 8m, the ridge height of 3.8m and the north wall height of 2.6 m. The north wall is the heat-insulating wall plate 2 and has the thickness of 140 mm. The inner side of the heat-insulating wall plate 2 is provided with a water wall which comprises 20 hollow plate solar heat collectors 4. Each hollow plate solar collector 4 is 1.8m high and 2.0m wide. The outer diameters of the upper chord tube 17 and the lower chord tube 18 of the water roof truss 3 are both 32mm, and the upper chord tube 17 and the lower chord tube 18 are both provided with 42 tubes and are in one-to-one correspondence in position. The effective volume of the reservoir 1 may be 24.3m ³ . The water wall mold surface device 13 is arranged on the heat-insulating wall board 2, and the water wall mold surface device 13 can be a plate with the length of 0.3m and the width of 0.2m and is made of the same material as the hollow plate solar heat collector 4. The water roof truss mould surface device 15 can be arranged between the roof truss pipe groups, the water roof truss mould surface device 15 is an arc-shaped pipe, the length can be 0.3m, and the outer diameter is 32 mm.

To investigate the thermal comfort in an active solar greenhouse, the greenhouse is divided into two identical parts, east and west: test and control zones. Wherein, the test area runs the water wall and the water roof truss 3, and the comparison area does not run the water wall and the water roof truss 3. And carrying out heat collecting and releasing operation effect tests from 08:00 on a certain day to 08:00 on the next day. The air temperature profiles of the test and control zones are shown in the following table and figure 3.

Compared with a control zone, the average air temperature of the test zone during the daytime heat collection is reduced by 4.1 ℃, the highest air temperature is reduced by 5.5 ℃, the average air temperature of the test zone during the night heat release is increased by 3.0 ℃, and the lowest air temperature is increased by 4.0 ℃. Therefore, the active solar greenhouse can be matched with a corresponding operation control method to well improve the thermal environment in the greenhouse at daytime and night.

Note: the daytime heat collection operation time periods of the water wall and the water roof truss 3 are 09:28-15:16 and 10:13-15:34 respectively; the night heat release operation time period of the water wall is 19:08-08:00, and the water roof truss 3 does not perform the night heat release operation because the water roof truss does not reach the set operation condition. In addition, in the heat release operation time zone, in order to examine the heat release and warming capabilities of the water wall and the water roof truss 3, the time zone of the heat release warming phase for promoting the operation of the crop assimilation product in the first half night and the time zone of the heat release warming phase for inhibiting the respiration of the product in the second half night are not provided in the heat release integrated operation effect test.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an active solar greenhouse, its characterized in that, includes combined type waterwall, water roof truss, cistern, first immersible pump and second immersible pump, the combined type waterwall includes waterwall and heat preservation wallboard, the water roof truss overlap joint in the north slope with the junction of heat preservation wallboard, the lower extreme of waterwall be suitable for through first water supply pipe with set up in the cistern first immersible pump is linked together, the upper end of waterwall be suitable for through first return water pipeline with the cistern is linked together, the built-in heat transfer passageway of waterwall, the lower extreme of heat transfer passageway be suitable for through the second water supply pipe with set up in the cistern the second immersible pump is linked together, the upper end of heat transfer passageway be suitable for through the second return water pipeline with the cistern is linked together.

2. The active solar greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the waterwalls comprise a plurality of hollow panel solar collectors, each having a plurality of parallel water flow channels therein.

3. The active solar greenhouse of claim 2, wherein a bottom-up organization scheme is employed in the water flow channel.

4. The active solar greenhouse of claim 2, wherein a plurality of the hollow plate solar collectors are connected in parallel.

5. The active solar greenhouse of claim 2, wherein the plurality of hollow plate solar collectors are mounted in close-packed arrangement along the length of the insulating wall panels by means of bottom brackets.

6. The active solar greenhouse of any one of claims 2-5, wherein the water roof truss comprises all roof truss tube groups in the greenhouse, the roof truss tube groups comprise an upper chord tube and a lower chord tube, channels inside the upper chord tube and the lower chord tube form the heat exchange channel, a water flow organization scheme for supplying water back and forth is adopted in the heat exchange channel, the lower ends of the upper chord tube and the lower chord tube are communicated and are communicated with the second water supply pipeline, and the upper ends of the upper chord tube and the lower chord tube are communicated and are communicated with the second water return pipeline.

7. The active solar greenhouse of claim 6, wherein the roof truss tube groups are connected in parallel.

8. The active solar greenhouse of any one of claims 2-5, further comprising: automatic controlgear, temperature sensor, water wall die face device, water wall die face temperature sensor, water roof truss die face device and water roof truss die face temperature sensor, temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the cistern, water wall die face device install in on the heat preservation wallboard, water wall die face device with well hollow plate solar collector adopts the same kind of material to make, water wall die face temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature is synthesized on the surface of water wall die face device, the greenhouse with water roof truss die face device is set up in the position of water roof truss looks adaptation, water roof truss die face device with the water roof truss adopts the same kind of material to make, water roof truss die face temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature is synthesized on the surface of water roof truss die face device, automatic control gear respectively with temperature sensor, water wall die face temperature sensor, The water roof truss mold surface temperature sensor, the first submersible pump and the second submersible pump are electrically connected.

9. The active solar greenhouse of claim 8, wherein the sun-facing surfaces of the hollow plate solar collectors and the water wall formwork devices are coated with a dark paint layer, and the back-shade surfaces of the hollow plate solar collectors and the water wall formwork devices are provided with heat insulation plates.

10. The active solar greenhouse of claim 8, wherein the surfaces of the water roof trusses and the water roof truss mold surface means are each coated with a layer of dark paint.

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