CN217277393U - Tensile sample marking machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tensile sample punctuation machine belongs to mechanical application technical field. The punctuation machine comprises a worktable component, a sample positioning component, a calibration distance component and a punctuation component. The worktable component comprises a base and a scale, wherein two rows of inverted trapezoidal sliding tables are arranged on the base and are respectively used for installing a sample positioning component and a calibration distance component, and the scale is used for determining the calibration distance. The sample positioning component comprises a jacking sliding block, a bracket and a thimble and is used for fixing and jacking the tensile sample to be marked. The gauge length assembly is used to determine the position of the punctuation on the specimen. The punctuation component is used for punctuating a sample. The marking machine marks an original gauge length of a tensile sample in a point marking mode before a test, measures the gauge length of the sample after the test is finished, calculates the elongation rate after the test is finished, is particularly suitable for the condition that the gauge length after the test sample is broken because the scale point is lost due to the falling of oxide skin of the high-temperature tensile sample, and improves the effectiveness and the accuracy of the measurement result of the elongation rate after the test sample is broken.

Description

Tensile sample marking machine

The technical field is as follows:

the utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery is used, concretely relates to tensile sample punctuation machine.

Background art:

the elongation after fracture is one of important parameters reflecting plasticity indexes in the tensile property of a material, the necessary premise for calculating the elongation after fracture is to mark an original gauge length before the test by marking a tensile sample before the test, the elongation after fracture is calculated according to a formula by the gauge length after the test, and the accuracy of the measurement of the elongation after fracture is directly influenced by the marking precision and the identification degree of a mark point on the sample after the fracture. For metal materials used in high-temperature environments such as an aircraft engine, a pressure vessel, nuclear power equipment and a heat distribution pipeline, the high-temperature tensile property is the most basic assessment index, and for materials of which the surface is easy to generate oxide skin, after a high-temperature tensile test is finished, when the tensile sample is cooled to room temperature for post-fracture gauge length measurement, the oxide skin is easy to fall off to cause gauge point loss, the post-fracture gauge length of the tensile sample cannot be measured, and the post-fracture elongation cannot be obtained. In order to accurately obtain the elongation after fracture of the high-temperature tensile sample, the original gauge length of the tensile sample is marked by an effective marking mode before the test.

At present, the marking method for the tensile test sample mainly comprises the following steps:

the first method comprises the following steps: and (4) freehand distance line drawing method. The original gauge length is marked by the thin ink lines, the method is low in efficiency and poor in precision, the condition that the gauge points are lost easily occurs in the test process, and particularly for high-temperature tensile tests, the marking method is not recommended.

And the second method comprises the following steps: laser lithography. The method has high efficiency and is widely applied to room-temperature stretching at present, but under the high-temperature stretching condition, the marking method is easy to cause mark loss, and particularly for materials which easily generate thick oxide scales, the loss of the mark is caused once the oxide scales fall off, so that the failure of a high-temperature stretching test is caused.

And the third is that: semi-mechanical or fully automatic punctuation. The original gauge length is marked by making small gauge points on the sample through a mechanical type marking machine or an automatic marking machine, although the marking efficiency of the method is lower than that of a laser scribing method for a room-temperature tensile test, the method is suitable for the condition of high-temperature stretching, the original gauge length is marked through the method, the gauge points are not easy to lose, and the measurement effectiveness and accuracy of the elongation after the high-temperature stretching is broken are improved to a certain extent. But the current marking machine can not meet the conditions of high marking precision, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient maintenance and the like.

The utility model has the following contents:

an object of the utility model is to provide a tensile sample punctuation machine, this punctuation machine can mark original gauge length to tensile sample effectively, beats the mark time mark point and can not slide because of the production and lead to the unable affirmation of gauge length, has greatly improved the validity and the precision of the original gauge length of tensile sample. Especially for high temperature tensile sample, the punctuation is difficult for losing, and the punctuation on even the cinder drops the sample is still clear visible after the sample is tensile at high temperature breaks, has improved the measurement accuracy of elongation after the high temperature tensile breaks.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

a tensile sample marking machine comprises a workbench component, a sample positioning component, a calibration distance component and a marking component; wherein: the workbench component comprises a base and a scale, two inverted trapezoidal sliding tables, namely a sliding table I and a sliding table II, are arranged on the base, a strip-shaped groove (the section of the inner surface of the groove in the length direction perpendicular to the sliding table is a circular arc) is arranged on the upper surface of the sliding table I, and the sliding table I is used for mounting a sample positioning component; the upper surface of the sliding table II is provided with two rectangular grooves, and the sliding table II is used for mounting a calibration distance component; the scale is fixed on the sliding table II through a scale positioning block, and gear grooves with different equal intervals are formed in the two sides of the scale and used for determining the scale distance; the sample positioning component comprises a jacking sliding block and a thimble and is used for fixing and jacking a tensile sample to be marked; the calibration distance component comprises a calibration slide block, a pull rod and a movable handle and is used for determining the position of a calibration point on the sample; the marking component comprises a marking support, a rocker, a marking handle and a marking needle and is used for marking the sample.

The bottom surface of the top tightening sliding block is provided with two grooves which are matched with the trapezoidal structure of the sliding table I, the top tightening sliding block is provided with a fine adjustment sliding block and a movable sliding block, the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block are provided with threaded holes on the same side surface of the groove, and the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block can be fixed on the sliding table I by screwing a sliding block positioning bolt in the threaded holes.

The sample positioning part also comprises a moving ball, the thimble comprises a fine adjustment thimble and a movable thimble, and the moving ball and the fine adjustment thimble can be connected through threads; the fine adjustment sliding block is provided with a through hole, the fine adjustment thimble can be inserted into the through hole, the exposed length of the thimble is adjusted by adjusting a moving ball at the end part of the fine adjustment thimble, and the fine adjustment thimble positioning bolt is screwed down to fix the fine adjustment thimble on the fine adjustment sliding block.

The movable sliding block is provided with a stepped through hole with a limiting function inside, one end of the movable sliding block is provided with a movable thimble and a pressure spring I (thimble pressure spring), the other end of the movable sliding block is provided with a movable pull button (movable thimble pull rod), and the movable thimble and the movable pull button are connected through threads to force the pressure spring I between the movable thimble and the movable pull button to generate elastic deformation to tightly push the movable thimble; the movable thimble is retracted into the movable sliding block by stretching the movable pull button to compress the pressure spring I, and after the movable pull button is loosened, the pressure spring I recovers elastic deformation to eject the movable thimble out to exert a jacking effect on the sample.

The sample positioning member further comprises a bracket; the bottom of the thimble on the tight slider in top all has a rectangular channel, and the bracket is installed in the rectangular channel for hold up the sample and make the thimble hole of sample coaxial with the thimble just, prevent to break away from leading to the punctuation to slide from the thimble at the mark in-process sample.

The bottom of the calibration slide block is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide in a matched manner with the sliding table II on the base; two sides of the calibration slide block are provided with brackets with threaded holes for mounting a movable handle; the scaling slider is equipped with down trapezoidal boss in the middle of two supports, at its one end internally mounted apical tooth and pressure spring II (apical tooth pressure spring), apical tooth passes through threaded connection with the apical tooth pull rod of installing at the trapezoidal boss other end of falling, apical tooth pull rod is connected with apical tooth pull button, through tensile apical tooth pull button with II compression messenger apical teeth of pressure spring retract in the scaling slider, can make the scaling slider slide on slip table II of base through the shift handle simultaneously, after loosening the pull button, the elastic deformation of pressure spring II resumes, pressure spring II will push the tooth in the gear groove on the scale, be used for fixing the scaling slider and confirm the gauge length.

The bottom of the marking point support is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide on an inverted trapezoidal boss on the upper surface of the calibration slide block and is used for adjusting the position of the marking point in the circumferential direction of the sample, and the marking point support can be fixed on the calibration slide block by screwing a locking bolt of the marking point support; two support lugs with ball bearings are arranged at the top of the punctuation support, and the rocker is arranged on a bearing rod between the two ball bearings in an interference fit way; the mark handle is beaten in rocker one end installation, and the mark needle is installed to the other end, makes the rocker rotate along the bearing rod through lifting up and beat the mark handle, and the mark needle falls on the sample just to this carries out the mark to the sample.

The punctuation needle passes through punctuation needle locking bolt to be fixed at the rocker tip, and the length that the punctuation needle stretches out can be adjusted according to the sample size, can also change fast after the needle point produces the passivation along with the number of times of beating in addition.

The utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:

utilize the utility model discloses the punctuation machine marks original gauge length to the mode of tensile sample through the gauge length before experimental, measures the disconnected back gauge length of sample and calculates disconnected back elongation after experimental, is particularly useful for the condition that high temperature tensile sample cinder drops and leads to the gauge length to lose and can't measure the disconnected back gauge length of sample, has improved disconnected back elongation measuring result's validity and accuracy.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is the assembly schematic diagram of the tensile sample marking machine of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the table component of the tensile sample marking machine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the sample positioning component in the tensile sample marking machine of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the calibration component of the tensile sample marking machine of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the marking part in the tensile sample marking machine of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a tensile specimen structure.

Wherein: 101-a base; 102-scale; 103-a scale positioning block; 104-a scale positioning bolt; 111-fine tuning the slider; 112-fine adjustment thimble; 113-moving ball; 114-ejector pin locking bolt; 115-a movable slider; 116-a movable thimble; 117-movable thimble pull knob; 118-a bracket; 119-slider lock bolt; 1110-thimble compression springs; 1111-example tensile specimen; 121-scaling the slider; 122-moving the handle; 123-top tooth pull button; 124-top tooth pull rod; 125-top ruler; 126-top ruler pressure spring; 131-punctuation support; 132-a rocker; 133-marking a handle; 134-a bearing rod; 135-ball bearings; 136-bracket locking bolt; 137-punctuation needle; 138-punctuation needle locking bolt.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model discloses the punctuation mark owner is beaten mark to the tensile sample shown in figure 6. As shown in fig. 1-5, the tensile specimen pointing machine includes a stage assembly, a specimen positioning assembly, a gauge length assembly, and a pointing assembly.

Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of a stage part, which includes a base 101, a scale 102 and a scale positioning block 103, wherein the base is provided with two inverted trapezoidal sliding tables, namely a sliding table i and a sliding table ii, the upper surface of the sliding table i is provided with a bar-shaped groove (the inner surface of the groove is a circular arc in a cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the sliding table), and the sliding table i is used for mounting a sample positioning component; the upper surface of the sliding table II is provided with two rectangular grooves, the sliding table II is used for mounting a calibration distance component, and two sides of the scale are respectively provided with different equidistant gear grooves (the gear grooves on each side are equidistant, but the distances on the two sides are different) for determining the calibration distance; the scale is mounted on the scale positioning block and fixed on the base through a scale positioning bolt 104.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a sample positioning component, which includes a tightening slider, a bracket and a thimble, for fixing and tightening a tensile sample to be marked. The bottom surface of the jacking sliding block is provided with grooves matched with the trapezoidal structure of the sliding table I, and the number of the jacking sliding blocks is two, namely a fine adjustment sliding block 111 and a movable sliding block 115. Two sliders all set up the screw hole on the same side of recess, fix the slider on slip table I through screwing up slider locking bolt 119 in the screw hole. The ejector pins comprise fine adjustment ejector pins and movable ejector pins, and the movable balls are connected with the fine adjustment ejector pins through threads; the fine adjustment sliding block 111 is provided with a through hole, a fine adjustment thimble 112 can be inserted into the through hole, the exposed length of the thimble is adjusted by adjusting a moving ball 113 at the end part of the fine adjustment thimble, the upper surface of the fine adjustment sliding block 111 is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the through hole, and the fine adjustment thimble can be fixed on the fine adjustment sliding block by extruding a thimble locking bolt 114 into the threaded hole. The movable sliding block 115 is provided with a stepped through hole with a limiting function inside, one end of the movable sliding block is provided with a movable thimble 116 and a thimble pressure spring 1110, the other end of the movable sliding block (the thimble pressure spring is sleeved at the rear end of the movable thimble) is provided with a movable thimble pull rod 117, and the movable thimble pull rod are connected through threads to force the thimble pressure spring between the movable thimble and the movable thimble pull rod to generate elastic deformation to tightly push the thimble. The movable thimble compression spring is compressed by stretching the movable pull button to enable the movable thimble to retract into the movable sliding block, and after the movable pull button is loosened, the thimble compression spring recovers elastic deformation to eject the adjustable thimble out to produce a tightening effect on the sample. The bottom of the relative thimble on the sample location slider all has a rectangular channel, and bracket 118 installs in the rectangular channel, sets up the triangle-shaped notch on the bracket for hold up the sample and make the thimble hole of sample coaxial with the thimble just, prevent to break away from leading to the punctuation to slide from the thimble at the mark in-process sample of beating.

Fig. 4 shows an exploded view of the scale distance components, including the scale slide 121, top teeth, shift handle 122, and pull rod, etc., for determining the position of the scale point on the test sample. The bottom of the calibration sliding block 121 is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide on the sliding table II on the base. The scaling slider is provided with brackets with threaded holes on both sides for mounting the movable handle 122. The calibration slide block is provided with an inverted trapezoidal boss between the two supports, a top tooth 125 and a top tooth pressure spring 126 are arranged inside one end of the calibration slide block, the top tooth is connected with a top tooth pull rod 124 arranged at the other end of the inverted trapezoidal boss through threads, the pull rod 124 is connected with a pull button 123, the top tooth pull rod 124 is connected with the top tooth 125 through a threaded hole in the top tooth 125, the top tooth pressure spring 126 is compressed through a stretching pull button to enable the top tooth to retract into the calibration slide block, meanwhile, the calibration slide block can slide on a sliding table II of the base through a moving handle, after the pull button is loosened, elastic deformation of the top tooth pressure spring is recovered, the top tooth is pressed into a gear groove in the scale by the top tooth pressure spring 126, and the calibration slide block is fixed and a scale distance is determined.

Fig. 5 shows an exploded view of a marking assembly including a marking support 131, a rocker 132, a marking handle 133, and a marking needle 137, which is used to mark a sample. The bottom of the mark point support 131 is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide on an inverted trapezoidal boss of the calibration slide block and is used for adjusting the position of the mark point in the circumferential direction of the sample, and the mark point support can be fixed on the calibration slide block by screwing the locking bolt 136 of the mark point support. At the top of the punctuation bracket are two lugs with ball bearings 135, between which a rocker 132 is mounted with an interference fit on a bearing rod 134. A marking handle 133 is arranged at one end of the rocker, a marking needle 137 is arranged at the other end of the rocker, the rocker rotates along the bearing rod 134 by lifting the marking handle, and the marking needle just falls on the position, to be marked, of the sample, so that the sample is marked. The punctuation needle passes through punctuation needle locking bolt 138 to be fixed at the rocker tip, and the length that the punctuation needle stretches out can be adjusted according to the sample size, can also change fast after the needle point produces the passivation along with the number of times of beating in addition.

The utility model discloses tensile sample punctuation machine's use step as follows:

(1) and adjusting the relative position of the positioning slide block. And (3) sliding the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block to the center of the slideway along the slideway, then separating the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block by a distance of about one sample length, and respectively screwing the locking bolts on the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block to fix the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block on the slideway.

(2) And installing a tensile sample to be marked. Put tensile sample one end on the bracket of fine setting slider to in arranging the thimble hole of sample in with the fine setting thimble, tensile activity thimble draws the button and puts the sample other end on the bracket on the activity slider, then loosens activity thimble and draws the button, makes in the thimble hole of activity thimble top income tensile sample tip just, if the distance is too big between the slider or the undersize and lead to unable tight or unable installation tensile sample in top, then step (1) is repeated until can install the sample just and can push up tightly.

(3) The position of the calibration slide is adjusted to determine the position of the calibration point on the sample. The pull button of the top ruler is stretched, the calibration slide block is moved to a proper position through a moving handle on the calibration slide block, the position of the marking needle falling is specifically arranged inside a parallel section of a tensile sample to be marked, then the pull button of the top ruler is loosened, the top ruler is pushed into a gear groove on the ruler, and therefore the calibration slide block is fixed.

(4) The position of the sample is finely adjusted. If the position of the mark point is not ideal after the step (3) is finished and the range needing to be adjusted is smaller than the interval of a minimum scale gear groove, the movable ball moves leftwards or rightwards by loosening the thimble locking bolt until the position of the mark point on the sample is well adjusted, and finally, the thimble locking bolt is screwed down.

(5) The samples were marked with the original gauge length. Upwards lift and beat the mark handle, accomplish the first mark point work to the sample, confirm the number of teeth that the top chi needs to remove according to the gauge length of waiting to beat mark tensile sample, tensile top chi draw button will be scaled the corresponding number of teeth of slider removal through the removal handle on the slider of scaling, then loosen the top chi draw button, will push up the chi top and go into the gear inslot on the scale, will scale the slider fixed, upwards lift and beat the mark handle, can accomplish the mark of a set of gauge length.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a tensile sample punctuation machine which characterized in that: the punctuation machine comprises a worktable component, a sample positioning component, a calibration distance component and a punctuation component; wherein: the workbench component comprises a base and a scale, two inverted trapezoidal sliding tables, namely a sliding table I and a sliding table II, are arranged on the base, a strip-shaped groove is formed in the upper surface of the sliding table I, and the sliding table I is used for mounting a sample positioning component; the upper surface of the sliding table II is provided with two rectangular grooves, and the sliding table II is used for mounting a calibration distance component; the scale is fixed on the sliding table II through a scale positioning block and used for determining a scale distance; the sample positioning component comprises a jacking sliding block and a thimble and is used for fixing and jacking a tensile sample to be marked; the calibration distance component comprises a calibration slide block, a pull rod and a movable handle and is used for determining the position of a calibration point on the sample; the marking component comprises a marking support, a rocker, a marking handle and a marking needle and is used for marking the sample.

2. The tensile specimen pointing machine of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the top tightening sliding block is provided with two grooves which are matched with the trapezoidal structure of the sliding table I, the top tightening sliding block is provided with a fine adjustment sliding block and a movable sliding block, the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block are provided with threaded holes on the same side surface of the groove, and the fine adjustment sliding block and the movable sliding block can be fixed on the sliding table I by screwing a sliding block positioning bolt in the threaded holes.

3. The tensile specimen pointing machine of claim 2, wherein: the sample positioning part also comprises a moving ball, the thimble comprises a fine adjustment thimble and a movable thimble, and the moving ball and the fine adjustment thimble can be connected through threads; the fine adjustment sliding block is provided with a through hole, the fine adjustment thimble can be inserted into the through hole, the exposed length of the thimble is adjusted by adjusting a moving ball at the end part of the fine adjustment thimble, and the fine adjustment thimble positioning bolt is screwed down to fix the fine adjustment thimble on the fine adjustment sliding block.

4. The tensile specimen pointing machine according to claim 2, wherein: the movable sliding block is provided with a stepped through hole with a limiting function inside, one end of the movable sliding block is provided with a movable thimble and a pressure spring I, the other end of the movable sliding block is provided with a movable pull button, the movable thimble is connected with the movable pull button through threads, and the pressure spring I between the movable thimble and the movable pull button is forced to generate elastic deformation to tightly push the movable thimble; the movable thimble is retracted into the movable sliding block by stretching the movable pull button to compress the pressure spring I, and after the movable pull button is loosened, the pressure spring I recovers elastic deformation to eject the movable thimble out to exert a jacking effect on the sample.

5. The tensile specimen pointing machine of claim 4, wherein: the sample positioning member further comprises a bracket; the bottom of the thimble on the tight slider in top all has a rectangular channel, and the bracket is installed in the rectangular channel for hold up the sample and make the thimble hole of sample coaxial with the thimble just, prevent to break away from leading to the punctuation to slide from the thimble at the mark in-process sample.

6. The tensile specimen pointing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the calibration slide block is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide in a matched manner with the sliding table II on the base; two sides of the calibration slide block are provided with brackets with threaded holes for mounting a movable handle; the calibration slider is provided with an inverted trapezoidal boss between the two supports, a top tooth and a pressure spring II are installed at one end of the calibration slider, the top tooth is in threaded connection with a top tooth pull rod installed at the other end of the inverted trapezoidal boss, the top tooth pull rod is connected with a top tooth pull button, the top tooth is compressed by stretching the top tooth pull button to enable the top tooth to retract into the calibration slider, the calibration slider can slide on the sliding table II of the base through a moving handle, after the pull button is loosened, elastic deformation of the pressure spring II is recovered, the top tooth is pressed into a gear groove on the scale by the pressure spring II, and the calibration slider is fixed and a scale distance is determined.

7. The tensile specimen pointing machine of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the marking point support is provided with an inverted trapezoidal groove which can slide on an inverted trapezoidal boss on the upper surface of the calibration slide block and is used for adjusting the position of the marking point in the circumferential direction of the sample, and the marking point support can be fixed on the calibration slide block by screwing a locking bolt of the marking point support; two support lugs with ball bearings are arranged at the top of the punctuation support, and the rocker is arranged on a bearing rod between the two ball bearings in an interference fit manner; the mark handle is beaten in rocker one end installation, and the mark needle is installed to the other end, makes the rocker rotate along the bearing rod through lifting up and beat the mark handle, and the mark needle falls on the sample just to this carries out the mark to the sample.

8. The tensile specimen pointing machine of claim 7, wherein: the punctuation needle passes through punctuation needle locking bolt to be fixed at the rocking bar tip, and the length that the punctuation needle stretches out can be adjusted according to the sample size, can also change fast after the needle point production passivation along with the number of times of beating in addition increases.

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