CN217194536U

CN217194536U - Crankshaft polishing equipment with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle

Info

Publication number: CN217194536U
Application number: CN202221012717.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张云彦; 宋勇; 王大全; 张欢欢; 严万强
Original assignee: Chongqing Heshi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Heshi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-28
Filing date: 2022-04-28
Publication date: 2022-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-28

Abstract

The utility model provides a bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination, including panel beating dustcoat, side door, frame, main shaft servo motor, main shaft motor mounting panel, lubricating-oil pump, tailstock planker subassembly, the left side of abrasive band subassembly, remove planker subassembly, the fixed tailstock of three-jaw chuck, the fixed front stall of three-jaw chuck, the right side of abrasive band subassembly, organ cover baffle, hold-in range, synchronizing wheel and bent axle. The utility model relates to a bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination is favorable to carrying out the clamping to the bent axle fast, the bent axle that can also satisfy different length simultaneously polishes, the realization is polished to the even polishing in no dead angle of bent axle, not only efficient but also reached self-adaptation adjustment inclination purpose, the precision of bent axle polishing, under the effect of the steady movement of grinding belt subassembly, can polish the connecting rod diameter of axle and bent axle main journal simultaneously, the work efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Crankshaft polishing equipment with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the bent axle production, especially, relate to a bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination.

Background

The crankshaft is an important accessory on the engine and plays a role in outputting power of the engine. An important indicator of the quality of the crankshaft is the surface roughness of the crankshaft diameter. If the use requirement cannot be met, the destructive accidents of tile burning, tile melting and the like of the engine are easily caused, and the whole engine is scrapped when the whole engine is serious. In order to improve the quality of the surface roughness, the spindle journal and the connecting rod journal are usually subjected to polishing treatment.

Chinese patent publication is CN 215700727U, and utility model's name is a bent axle polishing equipment, including the stage body, the controller is installed to one side of stage body, and the bottom of stage body is provided with the callus on the sole, and the stage body lateral wall has first motor and second motor through the support mounting, and the second motor is located one side of first motor, and two pivots are installed through the bolt at the top of stage body. However, the existing crankshaft polishing equipment has the problems that the crankshaft cannot be clamped quickly, the crankshaft cannot be polished and polished conveniently without dead angles, the inclination angle cannot be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and the connecting rod diameter and the crankshaft main journal of the crankshaft cannot be polished simultaneously due to the fact that the crankshaft polishing equipment has the function of polishing and polishing the crankshaft uniformly without dead angles.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination solves the problem of mentioning in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

the utility model relates to a crankshaft polishing device with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle, which comprises a sheet metal outer cover, a side door, a frame, a main shaft servo motor, a main shaft motor mounting plate, a lubricating oil pump, a tailstock planker component, a left grinding belt component, a movable planker component, a three-jaw chuck fixed tailstock, a three-jaw chuck fixed front seat, a right grinding belt component, an organ cover baffle, a synchronous belt, a synchronous wheel and a crankshaft, wherein the sheet metal outer cover is arranged on the upper part of the frame through bolts, the main shaft motor mounting plate is fixed on a side screw rod in the frame, the upper part of the mounting plate is connected with the main shaft servo motor through a bolt, the lubricating oil pump is arranged on the side part of the frame, the tailstock planker component is arranged on the front part of the upper part of the frame through a bolt, the three-jaw chuck fixed tailstock planker is arranged on the upper part of the tailstock planker component, the movable planker component is arranged on the rear bolt on the upper part of the frame, and the upper part of the movable carriage assembly is provided with a left grinding belt assembly and a right grinding belt assembly, the fixed front seat of the three-jaw chuck is fixed on the side of the upper part of the rack through bolts, the fixed front seat of the three-jaw chuck and the fixed tailstock of the three-jaw chuck are coaxial, the number of the synchronizing wheels is two, one of the synchronizing wheels is fixed on the side part of the fixed front seat of the three-jaw chuck through a key connection, the other synchronizing wheel is fixed on the side end of the main shaft servo motor through a key connection and is meshed and connected through a synchronous belt, and the organ cover baffle plates are arranged on two sides of the tailstock carriage assembly or the movable carriage assembly through screws.

The tailstock carriage assembly comprises a wide servo motor, a motor fixing frame, a screw nut seat, an adjustable fastening handle, a movable linear guide rail, a screw, a tailstock carriage and a roughness meter carriage, wherein the wide servo motor is arranged at the lower part of the tailstock carriage through the motor fixing frame, the lower part of the tailstock carriage is arranged at the upper part of the movable linear guide rail through a sliding block, the middle part of the lower part of the tailstock carriage is connected with the screw nut seat through a bolt, the screw nut seat is matched with the screw in a spiral mode, the screw is arranged at the upper part of the rack through a T-shaped bearing seat, and one end of the screw is connected with the end part of the wide servo motor through a coupler;

the roughness measuring instrument dragging plate is arranged on the upper portion of the movable linear guide rail through a sliding block, the roughness measuring instrument dragging plate is in threaded fit with the adjustable tightening handle, the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle is in surface contact with the upper surface of the movable linear guide rail, threads are machined on the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle, and the upper portion of the tailstock dragging plate is in bolted connection with a three-jaw chuck fixed tailstock.

The movable dragging plate assembly comprises a linear supporting guide rail, a rack, a limiting sensor, dragging plates, a gear lubricating mounting plate, a vertical type wide servo motor, a lubricating joint, a gear and a gear lubricating felt gear, wherein the linear supporting guide rail and the rack are fixed on the upper part of the rack through bolts, the number of the dragging plates is two, the two dragging plates are used for fixing the left side of the grinding belt assembly and the right side of the grinding belt assembly respectively, and the limiting sensor is fixed on a side screw of one dragging plate;

the vertical type wide servo motor is fixed on the upper portion of the dragging plate through a gear reducer, the lower end of the reducer is connected with a gear through a rotating shaft, the gear is meshed with a rack, a gear lubricating wool felt gear is arranged on the side portion of the gear and fixed on the lower portion of the dragging plate through a gear lubricating mounting plate, a lubricating joint is in threaded connection with the upper portion of the gear lubricating wool felt gear, and the lubricating joint is communicated with a lubricating oil pump through a rubber hose.

Further, it is the same with the right structure of grinding belt subassembly to grind belt subassembly a left side, and grinds belt subassembly a left side including installation base, axis of rotation, motor rotation backing plate, buffer, joint seat, directly push away mini cylinder, take the limit gyro wheel, grind area, initiative gyro wheel, heavy nitrogen spring, bath shower nozzle, grind the frame, grind the fixed plate, grind motor, slim cylinder, beat axle and floating joint.

Further, the rotating shaft is fixed to the upper portion of the mounting base through a T-shaped seat, a motor rotating base plate is connected to an upper bearing seat of the rotating shaft, the middle of the direct-push mini cylinder is fixed to the side portion of the grinding fixing plate through a cylinder seat, the cylinder seat is connected with the direct-push mini cylinder in a rotating mode, the end portion of the direct-push mini cylinder is connected with the joint seat through a fisheye bearing, the joint seat is fixed to the upper portion of the dragging plate through bolts, the four buffers are arranged in the number and are respectively mounted on two sides of the motor rotating base plate through threaded connection, the thin cylinder is mounted on the bolt on the lower portion of the motor rotating base plate in the lateral direction, a floating joint is inlaid in the end portion of the thin cylinder, and the floating joint is connected with the lower portion of the grinding motor through threaded matching.

Furthermore, the lateral part bolted connection of grinding motor has the grinding fixed plate, and the lower extreme middle part bolted flange of this grinding motor has the yaw axle, and the side key-type connection of this grinding motor has the initiative gyro wheel, the quantity of band edge gyro wheel adopts two, and wherein two are fixed at the lateral part of grinding the frame through the pivot, and the lateral part below at the grinding fixed plate is fixed through the pivot to the remaining one.

Further, the grinding belt sleeve is arranged outside the driving roller and the belt edge roller, one end of the heavy nitrogen spring is connected and fixed to the lower portion of the grinding frame through rotation, the other end of the heavy nitrogen spring is connected with the side portion of the grinding fixing plate through a fisheye bearing, the grinding fixing plate and the grinding frame are mounted together through a shaft shoulder bolt, a flushing nozzle is fixed to the end portion of the grinding frame through a bolt, and the flushing nozzle is located on the side portion of the grinding belt.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model discloses bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination is favorable to carrying out the clamping with the bent axle fast, and the bent axle that can also satisfy different length simultaneously polishes, has not only improved work efficiency to the operation requirement of bent axle polishing has been satisfied.

2. The utility model discloses bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination is favorable to realizing polishing the steady removal of taking the subassembly, has satisfied polishing the different positions of bent axle, has guaranteed the precision to the bent axle polishing to can polish simultaneously the connecting rod diameter of bent axle and bent axle main journal through grinding the right side of taking the subassembly or grinding the left side of taking the subassembly, improve work efficiency greatly.

3. The utility model discloses bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination is favorable to realizing polishing the even polishing in no dead angle of bent axle and polishing, has not only efficiently reached self-adaptation adjustment inclination purpose moreover to realize buffering, damping under the effect that the joint floats, and then improved the precision that the bent axle polishing was polished.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model after the sheet metal outer cover is removed.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tailstock carriage assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the tailstock carriage assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the movable carriage assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the movable carriage assembly of the present invention

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the left or right side of the belt assembly of fig. 1 according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the left or right side of the belt assembly of fig. 1 according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-sheet metal housing, 2-side door, 3-frame, 4-spindle servo motor, 5-spindle motor mounting plate, 6-lubricating oil pump, 7-tailstock carriage assembly, 71-extensive servo motor, 72-motor fixing frame, 73-lead screw nut seat, 74-adjustable tightening handle, 75-moving linear guide rail, 76-lead screw, 77-tailstock carriage, 78-roughness instrument carriage, 8-grinding belt assembly left, 81-mounting base, 82-rotating shaft, 83-motor rotating backing plate, 84-buffer, 85-joint seat, 86-straight-pushing mini cylinder, 87-belt edge roller, 88-grinding belt, 89-driving roller, 810-heavy nitrogen spring, 811-flushing nozzle, 812-grinding frame, 813-grinding fixing plate, 814-grinding motor, 815-thin cylinder, 816-deflection shaft, 817-floating joint, 9-moving carriage assembly, 91-linear supporting guide rail, 92-rack, 93-limit sensor, 94-carriage, 95-gear lubricating mounting plate, 96-vertical wide servo motor, 97-lubricating joint, 98-gear, 99-gear lubricating wool felt gear, 10-three-jaw chuck fixing tail seat, 11-three-jaw chuck fixing front seat, 12-grinding belt assembly right, 13-organ cover baffle, 14-synchronous belt, 15-synchronous wheel and 16-crankshaft.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "middle", "outer", "inner", "around", and the like, indicate positional or orientational relationships and are used merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced components or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the utility model relates to a crankshaft polishing device with adaptive inclination adjustment, which is very necessary and comprises a sheet metal outer cover 1, a side door 2, a frame 3, a spindle servo motor 4, a spindle motor mounting plate 5, a lubricating oil pump 6, a tailstock planker component 7, a left grinding belt component 8, a movable planker component 9, a three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock 10, a three-jaw chuck fixing front seat 11, a right grinding belt component 12, an organ cover baffle 13, a synchronous belt 14, a synchronous wheel 15 and a crankshaft 16, wherein the sheet metal outer cover 1 is mounted on the upper part of the frame 3 through bolts, a spindle motor mounting plate 5 is fixed on one side screw rod inside the frame 3, the upper part of the mounting plate 5 is connected with the spindle servo motor 4 through bolts, the lubricating oil pump 6 is placed on the side part of the frame 3, the planker component 7 is mounted on the front bolt of the upper part of the tailstock planker 3, and the three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock 10 is arranged on the upper part of the tailstock component 7, the upper rear bolt of frame 3 installs and removes planker subassembly 9, and the upper portion of removing planker subassembly 9 is equipped with left 8 of grinding band subassembly and right 12 of grinding band subassembly, the fixed front bezel 11 of three-jaw chuck passes through the bolt fastening in the upper portion side of frame 3, the fixed front bezel 11 of this three-jaw chuck is coaxial with the fixed tailstock 10 of three-jaw chuck, the quantity of synchronizing wheel 15 adopts two, one of them fixes the lateral part at the fixed front bezel 11 of three-jaw chuck through the key-type connection, another fixes the side at main shaft servo motor 4 through the key-type connection, and it links to each other to mesh through hold-in range 14, organ cover baffle 13 passes through the both sides of mounting screw at tailstock planker subassembly 7 or removal planker subassembly 9.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tailstock carriage assembly 7 includes a wide servo motor 71, a motor fixing frame 72, a lead screw nut seat 73, an adjustable tightening handle 74, a moving linear guide 75, a lead screw 76, a tailstock carriage 77 and a roughmeter carriage 78, the wide servo motor 71 is mounted on the lower portion of the tailstock carriage 77 through the motor fixing frame 72, the lower portion of the tailstock carriage 77 is mounted on the upper portion of the moving linear guide 75 through a slider, the middle portion of the lower portion of the tailstock carriage 77 is connected with the lead screw nut seat 73 through a bolt, the lead screw nut seat 73 is screwed with the lead screw 76, the lead screw 76 is mounted on the upper portion of the rack 3 through a T-shaped bearing seat, and one end of the lead screw 76 is connected with the end portion of the wide servo motor 71 through a coupling;

the roughness measuring instrument carriage 78 is mounted on the upper portion of the movable linear guide rail 75 through a sliding block, the roughness measuring instrument carriage 78 is in threaded fit with the adjustable tightening handle 74, the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle 74 is in surface contact with the upper surface of the movable linear guide rail 75, threads are machined on the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle 74, and the upper portion of the tailstock carriage 77 is in bolted connection with the three-jaw chuck fixed tailstock 10.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the movable carriage assembly 9 includes a linear support rail 91, a rack 92, a limit sensor 93, a carriage 94, a gear lubrication mounting plate 95, a vertical wide servo motor 96, a lubrication joint 97, a gear 98 and a gear lubrication felt gear 99, the linear support rail 91 and the rack 92 are fixed on the upper portion of the frame 3 through bolts, the number of the carriages 94 is two, the left 8 and the right 12 of the grinding belt assembly are respectively fixed, and the limit sensor 93 is fixed on a side portion of one carriage 94 through a screw;

the vertical type wide servo motor 96 is fixed on the upper part of the carriage 94 through a gear reducer, wherein the lower end of the reducer is connected with a gear 98 through a rotating shaft, the gear 98 is meshed with the rack 92, a gear lubricating felt gear 99 is arranged on the side part of the gear 98, the gear lubricating felt gear 99 is fixed on the lower part of the carriage 94 through a gear lubricating mounting plate 95, the upper part of the gear lubricating felt gear 99 is in threaded connection with a lubricating joint 97, and the lubricating joint 97 is communicated with the lubricating oil pump 6 through a rubber hose.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the left grinding belt assembly 8 has the same structure as the right grinding belt assembly 12, and the left grinding belt assembly 8 includes a mounting base 81, a rotating shaft 82, a motor rotating pad 83, a buffer 84, a joint seat 85, a straight-pushing mini cylinder 86, a belt edge roller 87, a grinding belt 88, a driving roller 89, a heavy nitrogen spring 810, a flushing nozzle 811, a grinding rack 812, a grinding fixing plate 813, a grinding motor 814, a thin cylinder 815, a deflection shaft 816 and a floating joint 817.

The rotating shaft 82 is fixed on the upper portion of the mounting base 81 through a T seat, an upper bearing seat of the rotating shaft 82 is connected with a motor rotating backing plate 83, the middle portion of the straight-pushing mini cylinder 86 is fixed on the side portion of the grinding fixing plate 813 through a cylinder seat, the cylinder seat is rotatably connected with the straight-pushing mini cylinder 86, the end portion of the straight-pushing mini cylinder 86 is connected with a joint seat 85 through a fisheye bearing, the joint seat 85 is fixed on the upper portion of the carriage 94 through bolts, four buffers 84 are arranged and are respectively installed on two sides of the motor rotating backing plate 83 through threaded connection, a thin cylinder 815 is installed on the lower side of the motor rotating backing plate 83 through bolts, a floating joint 817 is embedded in the end portion of the thin cylinder 815, and the floating joint 817 is connected with the lower portion of the grinding motor 814 through threaded fit.

The side part of the grinding motor 814 is connected with a grinding fixing plate 813 through bolts, the middle part of the lower end of the grinding motor 814 is connected with a yaw shaft 816 through bolts in a flange mode, the side end key of the grinding motor 814 is connected with a driving roller 89, the number of the rollers 87 with edges is 3, two of the rollers are fixed on the side part of the grinding frame 812 through a rotating shaft, and the other one of the rollers is fixed below the side part of the grinding fixing plate 813 through a rotating shaft.

The grinding belt 88 is sleeved outside the driving roller 89 and the belt edge roller 87, one end of the heavy nitrogen spring 810 is fixed at the lower part of the grinding frame 812 through rotating connection, the other end of the heavy nitrogen spring is connected with the side part of the grinding fixing plate 813 through a fisheye bearing, the grinding fixing plate 813 and the grinding frame 812 are installed together through a shaft shoulder bolt, a flushing nozzle 811 is fixed at the end part of the grinding frame 812 through a bolt, and the flushing nozzle 811 is positioned at the side part of the grinding belt 88.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention relates to a crankshaft polishing device with adaptive tilt angle adjustment, which has the following working principle: firstly, a worker fixes one end of a crankshaft 16 inside a three-jaw chuck fixing front seat 11 through a three-jaw chuck key, then a wide servo motor 71 drives a lead screw 76 to rotate through a coupler, under the action of a moving linear guide rail 75, a tailstock carriage 77 is moved through the screw matching between a lead screw nut seat 73 and the lead screw 76, so that a three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock 10 on the upper portion is close to the crankshaft 16, and then the other end of the crankshaft 16 is fixed on the three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock 10 through the three-jaw chuck key, so that the crankshaft is favorably and rapidly clamped, crankshafts of different lengths can be polished, the working efficiency is improved, the use requirement of crankshaft polishing is met, and the crankshaft 16 is rotated under the action of a synchronous belt 14 and a synchronous wheel 15 by a main shaft servo motor 4 after clamping is completed;

in order to meet the polishing requirement, preferably, when the vertical type wide servo motor 96 drives the gear 98 to rotate, under the action of the linear supporting guide rail 91, the rack 92 is meshed with the gear 98 to match with the gear 98, so that the carriage 94 moves, the left grinding belt component 8 or the right grinding belt component 12 on the upper portion is driven to move simultaneously, the gear lubricating felt gear 99 is communicated with the lubricating oil pump 6 through the lubricating joint 97, and the gear 98 and the rack 92 are further lubricated, therefore, the smooth movement of the grinding belt component is favorably realized, the polishing of different positions of a crankshaft is met, the polishing precision of the crankshaft is ensured, the connecting rod shaft diameter and the crankshaft main journal of the crankshaft can be simultaneously polished through the right grinding belt component 12 or the left grinding belt component 8, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;

preferably, when the crankshaft is polished, the driving roller 89 is driven to rotate by the grinding motor 814, the grinding belt 88 is driven to circularly move under the action of the belt-edge roller 87, the straight-pushing mini cylinder 86 is started, the grinding fixing plate 813 is driven to move forwards and downwards under the action of the joint seat 85, the grinding frame 812 is driven to move forwards and downwards under the rotation coordination of the bearing seat at the lower part of the motor rotating pad 83 and the rotating shaft 82 while being driven, the grinding belt 88 is contacted with the crankshaft to polish the crankshaft, meanwhile, the purpose of adaptively adjusting the inclination angle is achieved through the rotary connection between the grinding frame 812 and the grinding fixing plate 813 and the cooperation of the heavy nitrogen spring 810, the safety is improved through the buffer 84, the precision of the abrasive belt wheel frame is prevented from being influenced by larger impact, when the thin cylinder 815 pushes one side of the lower part of the grinding motor 814, the grinding motor 814 is deflected to the other side under the action of the deflection shaft 81, the crankshaft polishing device is beneficial to realizing the polishing and grinding without dead angles, not only is high in efficiency, but also achieves the purpose of self-adaptive adjustment of the inclination angle, and realizes buffering and vibration reduction under the action of the floating joint 817, thereby improving the precision of crankshaft polishing and grinding.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended to aid in the description of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a bent axle polishing equipment with self-adaptation adjustment inclination, including panel beating dustcoat (1), side door (2), frame (3), main shaft servo motor (4), main shaft motor mounting panel (5), lubricating-oil pump (6), tailstock planker subassembly (7), grind and take the left (8) of subassembly, remove planker subassembly (9), the fixed tailstock (10) of three-jaw chuck, the fixed front bezel (11) of three-jaw chuck, grind and take subassembly right (12), organ cover baffle (13), hold-in range (14), synchronizing wheel (15) and bent axle (16), its characterized in that: the sheet metal outer cover (1) is installed on the upper portion of a rack (3) through bolts, a spindle motor installation plate (5) is fixed to a screw rod on one side of the inside of the rack (3), a spindle servo motor (4) is connected to the upper portion of the installation plate (5) through a bolt, a lubricating oil pump (6) is placed on the side portion of the rack (3), a tailstock planker component (7) is installed on the front portion of the upper portion of the rack (3) through a bolt, a three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock (10) is arranged on the upper portion of the tailstock planker component (7), a movable planker component (9) is installed on the rear portion of the upper portion of the rack (3) through a bolt, a grinding belt component left side (8) and a grinding belt component right side (12) are arranged on the upper portion of the movable planker component (9), a three-jaw chuck fixing front seat (11) is fixed on the side of the upper portion of the rack (3) through a bolt, and the three-jaw chuck fixing front seat (11) and the three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock (10) are coaxial, the number of the synchronizing wheels (15) is two, one of the synchronizing wheels is fixed on the side of the fixed front seat (11) of the three-jaw chuck through a key connection, the other synchronizing wheel is fixed on the side end of the main shaft servo motor (4) through a key connection and meshed and connected through a synchronizing belt (14), and the organ cover baffle plates (13) are installed on two sides of the tailstock carriage assembly (7) or the movable carriage assembly (9) through screws.

2. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tailstock carriage assembly (7) comprises a wide servo motor (71), a motor fixing frame (72), a screw nut seat (73), an adjustable tightening handle (74), a movable linear guide rail (75), a screw (76), a tailstock carriage (77) and a roughness meter carriage (78), the wide servo motor (71) is arranged at the lower part of the tailstock carriage (77) through a motor fixing frame (72), and the lower part of the tailstock planker (77) is arranged on the upper part of the movable linear guide rail (75) through a slide block, the middle part of the lower part of the tailstock planker (77) is connected with a screw nut seat (73) by a bolt, the screw nut seat (73) is matched with the screw (76) in a spiral way, the screw (76) is arranged at the upper part of the frame (3) through a T-shaped bearing seat, one end of the screw rod (76) is connected with the end part of the wide servo motor (71) through a coupler;

the roughness measuring instrument dragging plate (78) is installed on the upper portion of the movable linear guide rail (75) through a sliding block, the roughness measuring instrument dragging plate (78) is in threaded fit with the adjustable tightening handle (74), the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle (74) is in surface contact with the upper surface of the movable linear guide rail (75), threads are machined on the lower portion of the adjustable tightening handle (74), and the upper portion of the tailstock dragging plate (77) is in bolted connection with the three-jaw chuck fixing tailstock (10).

3. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the movable planker assembly (9) comprises linear supporting guide rails (91), racks (92), limiting sensors (93), plankers (94), gear lubricating mounting plates (95), vertical type wide servo motors (96), lubricating joints (97), gears (98) and gear lubricating wool felt gears (99), wherein the linear supporting guide rails (91) and the racks (92) are fixed to the upper portion of the rack (3) through bolts, the number of the plankers (94) is two, the left side (8) of the abrasive belt assembly and the right side (12) of the abrasive belt assembly are fixed respectively, and the limiting sensors (93) are fixed to the side portion of one of the plankers (94) through screws;

the vertical type wide servo motor (96) is fixed on the upper portion of the dragging plate (94) through a gear reducer, wherein the lower end of the reducer is connected with a gear (98) through a rotating shaft, the gear (98) is meshed with the rack (92), a gear lubricating felt gear (99) is arranged on the side portion of the gear (98), the gear lubricating felt gear (99) is fixed on the lower portion of the dragging plate (94) through a gear lubricating mounting plate (95), a lubricating joint (97) is connected to the upper portion of the gear lubricating felt gear (99) in a threaded mode, and the lubricating joint (97) is communicated with a lubricating oil pump (6) through a rubber hose.

4. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the left side (8) of the grinding belt component is identical to the right side (12) of the grinding belt component in structure, and the left side (8) of the grinding belt component comprises an installation base (81), a rotating shaft (82), a motor rotating base plate (83), a buffer (84), a joint seat (85), a straight pushing mini cylinder (86), a belt edge roller (87), a grinding belt (88), a driving roller (89), a heavy nitrogen spring (810), a flushing sprayer (811), a grinding frame (812), a grinding fixing plate (813), a grinding motor (814), a thin cylinder (815), a deflection shaft (816) and a floating joint (817).

5. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the rotating shaft (82) is fixed on the upper part of the mounting base (81) through a T-shaped seat, the upper bearing seat of the rotating shaft (82) is connected with a motor rotating backing plate (83), the middle part of the straight pushing mini cylinder (86) is fixed on the side part of the grinding fixing plate (813) through a cylinder seat, wherein the cylinder seat is rotationally connected with the direct-push mini cylinder (86), the end part of the direct-push mini cylinder (86) is connected with the joint seat (85) through a fisheye bearing, the joint seats (85) are fixed on the upper part of the carriage (94) through bolts, the number of the buffers (84) is four, the buffers are respectively installed on two sides of the motor rotating backing plate (83) through threaded connection, a thin cylinder (815) is installed on the lower side of the motor rotating backing plate (83) through bolts, and the end part of the thin cylinder (815) is embedded with a floating joint (817), and the floating joint (817) is connected with the lower part of the grinding motor (814) through thread matching.

6. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the grinding machine is characterized in that a grinding fixing plate (813) is connected to the side portion of the grinding motor (814) through bolts, a deflection shaft (816) is connected to the middle portion of the lower end of the grinding motor (814) through bolts in a flange mode, a driving roller (89) is connected to the side end key of the grinding motor (814), 3 edge rollers (87) are adopted, two of the edge rollers are fixed to the side portion of the grinding frame (812) through a rotating shaft, and the other edge rollers are fixed to the lower portion of the side portion of the grinding fixing plate (813) through rotating shafts.

7. The crankshaft polishing apparatus with adaptive adjustment of a tilt angle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the grinding belt (88) is sleeved outside the driving roller (89) and the belt edge roller (87), one end of the heavy nitrogen spring (810) is connected and fixed to the lower portion of the grinding frame (812) through rotation, the other end of the heavy nitrogen spring is connected with the side portion of the grinding fixing plate (813) through a fisheye bearing, the grinding fixing plate (813) and the grinding frame (812) are mounted together through shaft shoulder bolts, a flushing sprayer (811) is fixed to the end portion of the grinding frame (812) through bolts, and the flushing sprayer (811) is located on the side portion of the grinding belt (88).