CN217153794U - Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel - Google Patents
Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel Download PDFInfo
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- CN217153794U CN217153794U CN202220969917.2U CN202220969917U CN217153794U CN 217153794 U CN217153794 U CN 217153794U CN 202220969917 U CN202220969917 U CN 202220969917U CN 217153794 U CN217153794 U CN 217153794U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model relates to a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel, which comprises a vessel body, wherein the vessel body comprises a metal inner container, a reinforcing braid layer, a heat exchange conduit, a cold insulation layer and an outer sheath layer; the metal liner comprises a bottle body and a bottle mouth arranged at one end of the bottle body; the reinforced braid layer, the cold insulation layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially sleeved outside the metal inner container from inside to outside and avoid the bottle mouth; the heat exchange guide pipe is positioned between the reinforcing woven layer and the cold insulation layer, surrounds the side wall and the bottom of the metal inner container, extends out of the top of the container body at two ends, and is positioned at two sides of the opening of the container body at two ends.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hydrogen warehousing and transportation technical field specifically is about a low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel.
Background
The hydrogen is high in mass energy density, free of CO2 generated in combustion, can be prepared from renewable energy sources, and is considered as the ultimate energy source in the new century. At present, under the background of 'double carbon', with the gradual maturity and wide popularization of hydrogen fuel cell technology, hydrogen as a key substance capable of deeply decarbonizing and reducing carbon emission gradually becomes the core of the fields of energy, chemical engineering, steel and transportation.
However, the hydrogen has low mass and low volume density, is easy to escape and hydrogen brittle, so that the storage and transportation of the hydrogen become a bottleneck for the development of the industry. The currently mainstream hydrogen storage methods include: high pressure hydrogen, liquid hydrogen, porous medium material hydrogen storage, organic matter hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage and the like. However, each hydrogen storage method has advantages and disadvantages, and cannot completely satisfy different application scenarios of hydrogen:
high-pressure hydrogen gas needs very high storage pressure to reach transportation economy, the pressure of mature high-pressure transportation hydrogen gas at present is 20-25MPa, and 52MPa high-pressure hydrogen gas transportation torpedo cars are in appearance abroad. The storage and transportation mode has high hydrogen storage pressure, high danger and low hydrogen storage density, a high-pressure compressor is required to be provided at a hydrogen-rich end, and a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is required at a hydrogen-requiring end.
The density of the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen reaches 70kg/m3, but the temperature of the liquid hydrogen is-252.8 ℃ under normal pressure, the cost of storage and transportation equipment is high, a large amount of energy consumption is needed for liquefying the hydrogen, which accounts for about one third of the required hydrogen storage amount, and in addition, gasification equipment is needed in the use process of the hydrogen.
The porous medium hydrogen storage is one of solid hydrogen storage, generally comprises graphene, organic metal framework materials and the like, and the method generally has good hydrogen storage capacity at the temperature of liquid nitrogen, but has high material manufacturing cost, does not have an industrial device and has immature hydrogen storage technology.
The organic hydrogen storage is a potential available hydrogen storage mode, the mass hydrogen storage density is about 6% at normal temperature and normal pressure, a hydrogen-rich end needs a hydrogenation device to generate hydrogen-rich organic matters, a dehydrogenation reaction is needed at the hydrogen-needed end, the process needs about one fourth of energy consumption, the compounds have high toxicity, and the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes need to be carried out in a special chemical industry park, so the development mode of the compounds is limited.
The metal hydride has high volume hydrogen storage density, generally more than 40kg/m3, and low mass hydrogen storage density, but the hydrogen absorption and desorption process is slow, the cost of the metal material is high, the pulverization is easy, and the manufacturing difficulty of pressure vessel equipment is large.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a pressure vessel with high pressure and low temperature gaseous hydrogen storage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel comprises a vessel body, wherein the vessel body comprises a metal inner container, a reinforcing weaving layer, a heat exchange conduit, a cold insulation layer and an outer sheath layer; the metal liner comprises a bottle body and a bottle mouth arranged at one end of the bottle body; the reinforced braid layer, the cold insulation layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially sleeved outside the metal inner container from inside to outside and avoid the bottle mouth; the heat exchange guide pipe is positioned between the reinforcing woven layer and the cold insulation layer, surrounds the side wall and the bottom of the metal inner container, extends out of the top of the container body at two ends, and is positioned at two sides of the opening of the container body at two ends.
Preferably, the metal liner is made of Dewar steel.
Preferably, the reinforcing woven layer comprises a carbon fiber layer made of carbon fiber materials and an aramid fiber layer made of aramid fibers.
The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel is preferably made of stainless steel.
Preferably, a refrigerant or a heating medium is introduced into the heat exchange pipe, the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen, low-temperature nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the heating medium is normal temperature or heating nitrogen.
The low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel is characterized in that preferably, conduit joints are arranged at two ends of the heat exchange conduit, and the two conduit joints are connected with a pressure regulating valve and then connected with a refrigerant or heat medium storage and feeding device.
Preferably, the pressure regulating valve is internally provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the refrigerant or the heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve, and the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the refrigerant or the heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve.
Preferably, the cold insulation layer comprises at least three layers of felt pads made of aerogel materials.
Preferably, the outer jacket layer of the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel is made of high-density polyethylene.
The utility model discloses owing to take above technical scheme, it has following advantage:
(1) improving the hydrogen storage density by 20-50% under the same pressure condition;
(2) the temperature does not need to be as low as the ultralow temperature environment of liquid hydrogen, generally ranges from minus 80 ℃ to minus 200 ℃, and the energy consumption of the low-temperature environment is lower than that of the liquid hydrogen;
(3) hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions are not needed;
(4) the method has no pollution to hydrogen, stores high-purity hydrogen and does not need a purification device;
(5) the hydrogen charging and discharging speed is high;
(6) higher storage pressures can be achieved without the need for additional compression devices after hydrogen discharge.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a container body according to the present invention.
The reference symbols in the drawings denote the following:
1-a metal liner; 101-a bottle body; 102-a bottle mouth; 2-reinforcing the braided layer; 3-a heat exchange conduit; 301-a catheter hub; 4-cold insulation layer; 5-outer sheath layer.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel, high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel through specific reinforcing weaving layer, heat transfer pipe, cold insulation layer and oversheath layer structure makes it can enough bear the pressure up to 100MPa, can tolerate cryrogenic low temperature again.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel provided by the utility model comprises a vessel body, wherein one end of the vessel body is in a vessel shape with an opening; the container body comprises a metal inner container 1, a reinforcing braid layer 2, a heat exchange conduit 3, a cold insulation layer 4 and an outer sheath layer 5; the metal liner 1 comprises a bottle body 101 and a bottle mouth 102 arranged at one end of the bottle body 101; the reinforced braid layer 2, the cold insulation layer 4 and the outer sheath layer 5 are sequentially sleeved outside the metal inner container 1 from inside to outside and keep away from the bottle mouth 102; the heat exchange conduit 3 is positioned between the reinforcing braid layer 2 and the cold insulation layer 4 and surrounds the side wall and the bottom of the metal inner container 1, two ends of the heat exchange conduit 3 extend out of the top of the container body, and two ends of the heat exchange conduit 3 are positioned at two sides of an opening of the container body.
In the above embodiment, the material of the metal liner 1 is preferably dewar steel.
In the above-described embodiment, it is preferable that the reinforcing braid 2 includes a carbon fiber layer made of a carbon fiber material and an aramid fiber layer made of an aramid fiber.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the material of the heat exchange conduit 3 is stainless steel.
In the above embodiment, preferably, a cooling medium or a heating medium is introduced into the heat exchange conduit 3, the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, low-temperature nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the heating medium is normal temperature or heating nitrogen.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the heat exchange conduit 3 is provided with conduit joints 301 at both ends, and both conduit joints are connected to a pressure regulating valve (not shown) and then connected to a refrigerant or heat medium storage and feeding device (not shown).
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature of the cooling medium or the heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor for monitoring a pressure of the cooling medium or the heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve are provided in the pressure regulating valve.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the cold insulation layer 4 includes at least three layers of felt pads made of aerogel material.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the material of the outer sheath layer 5 is a high density polyethylene material.
The utility model discloses still provide a low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel's use does:
when storing hydrogen, introducing a refrigerant from one end of the heat exchange conduit, wherein the refrigerant flows through the heat exchange conduit and then flows out from the other end of the heat exchange conduit, and the refrigerant is continuously introduced to circulate in the heat exchange conduit so as to realize the cooling of the stored hydrogen;
when the hydrogen storage is released, a heating medium is introduced from one end of the heat exchange conduit, flows out from the other end of the heat exchange conduit after flowing through the heat exchange conduit, and is continuously introduced to circulate in the heat exchange conduit so as to realize the temperature rise of the hydrogen storage.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a 70MPa low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel, which comprises a multilayer design:
(1) the metal liner 1 of the pressure container is made of Dewar steel materials, a hemispherical end enclosure is adopted, the length of the bottle body is 6m, the inner diameter is 0.53m, and the wall thickness is 10 mm;
(2) the reinforcing woven layer 2 of the pressure container is formed by winding 6 layers of carbon fiber and 2 layers of aramid fiber;
(3) the heat exchange conduit 3 is made of stainless steel material, the inner diameter of the pipe is 10mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, liquid nitrogen or low-temperature nitrogen is adopted as a refrigerant, and normal temperature or heating nitrogen is adopted as a heating medium;
(4) the cold insulation layer 4 adopts three layers of aerogel felts, and the thickness of a single layer is 10 mm.
(5) The outer sheath layer 5 is made of high-density polyethylene material and has the thickness of 5 mm;
(6) the pressure regulating valve is used for three-stage pressure regulation and comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the operating temperature range of the temperature sensor is-200-85 ℃, and the operating range of the pressure sensor is 2-70 MPa;
(7) the connecting piece of the heat exchange conduit adopts a stainless steel ferrule type connecting mode;
(8) the heat exchange refrigerant of the pressure vessel is low-temperature nitrogen at the temperature of minus 120 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, the flow is 20L/min, the storage pressure of the pressure vessel is 70MPa, the temperature is minus 100 ℃, the hydrogen storage density is 56kg/m3, and the mass of single bottle of hydrogen storage reaches 67 kg.
In the embodiment, the temperature is only-100 ℃, the pressure is 70MPa, the hydrogen storage capacity of 56kg/m3 is realized, the hydrogen storage capacity is 17kg/m3 higher than that of a hydrogen storage pressure container with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the pressure of 70MPa, and the hydrogen storage capacity is improved by 43 percent. The liquid hydrogen storage density is only 70.6kg/m3, and the temperature is-252 ℃.
Example 2:
this example provides another 40MPa low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel, which comprises a multi-layer design:
(1) the metal liner 1 of the pressure container is made of Dewar steel materials, a hemispherical seal head is adopted, the length of the bottle body is 6m, the inner diameter is 0.53m, and the wall thickness is 10 mm.
(2) The reinforcing braided layer 2 of the pressure container adopts 6 layers of carbon fiber winding.
(3) The heat exchange conduit 3 is made of stainless steel material, the inner diameter of the pipe is 10mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, liquid CO2 is used as a refrigerant, and normal temperature or heating nitrogen is used as a heating medium.
(4) The cold insulation layer 4 adopts three layers of aerogel felts, and the thickness of a single layer is 10 mm.
(5) The outer sheath layer 5 is made of high-density polyethylene and is 5mm thick.
(6) The pressure regulating valve is used for three-stage pressure regulation and comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the operating temperature range of the temperature sensor is-200-85 ℃, and the operating range of the pressure sensor is 2-70 MPa;
(7) the connecting piece of the heat exchange conduit adopts a stainless steel ferrule type connecting mode.
(8) The heat exchange refrigerant of the pressure vessel is CO2 with the temperature of minus 80 ℃, the pressure is 0.2MPa, the flow is 10L/min, the storage pressure of the pressure vessel is 40MPa, the temperature is minus 80 ℃, the hydrogen storage density is 36kg/m3, and the mass of single bottle of hydrogen storage reaches 43 kg.
In the embodiment, the temperature is only-80 ℃, the pressure is 40MPa, the hydrogen storage capacity of 36kg/m3 is realized, the hydrogen storage capacity is 10kg/m3 higher than that of a 40MPa hydrogen storage pressure container at 25 ℃, and the hydrogen storage capacity is improved by 38%. The hydrogen storage capacity of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container at the temperature of 25 ℃ is close to 39kg/m3 under the pressure of 70 MPa.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (9)
1. A low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel is characterized by comprising a vessel body, wherein the vessel body comprises a metal inner container, a reinforcing braid layer, a heat exchange conduit, a cold insulation layer and an outer sheath layer;
the metal liner comprises a bottle body and a bottle mouth arranged at one end of the bottle body;
the reinforced braid layer, the cold insulation layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially sleeved outside the metal inner container from inside to outside and avoid the bottle mouth;
the heat exchange guide pipe is positioned between the reinforcing woven layer and the cold insulation layer, surrounds the side wall and the bottom of the metal inner container, extends out of the top of the container body at two ends, and is positioned at two sides of the opening of the container body at two ends.
2. The pressure vessel for storing hydrogen at low temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal liner is made of Dewar steel.
3. The low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing braid comprises a carbon fiber layer made of a carbon fiber material and an aramid fiber layer made of aramid fiber.
4. The cryogenic high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel of claim 1 wherein the heat exchange conduit is stainless steel.
5. The pressure vessel for storing hydrogen at low temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 4, wherein a cooling medium or a heating medium is introduced into the heat exchange pipe, the cooling medium is liquid nitrogen, low temperature nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, and the heating medium is normal temperature or heating nitrogen.
6. The pressure vessel for storing hydrogen at low temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heat exchange pipes are provided with pipe joints at both ends, and the two pipe joints are connected with a pressure regulating valve and then connected with a refrigerant or heat medium storage and feeding device.
7. The pressure vessel for low temperature and high pressure hydrogen storage as claimed in claim 6, wherein a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the cooling or heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure of the cooling or heating medium passing through the pressure regulating valve are provided in the pressure regulating valve.
8. The pressure vessel for storing hydrogen at low temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold insulation layer comprises at least three layers of felt pads made of aerogel material.
9. The low temperature high pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein the material of the outer jacket layer is a high density polyethylene material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220969917.2U CN217153794U (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220969917.2U CN217153794U (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel |
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| CN217153794U true CN217153794U (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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| CN202220969917.2U Active CN217153794U (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2022-04-25 | Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage pressure vessel |
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