CN217152053U - Three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system for carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system for carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN217152053U CN217152053U CN202121653473.3U CN202121653473U CN217152053U CN 217152053 U CN217152053 U CN 217152053U CN 202121653473 U CN202121653473 U CN 202121653473U CN 217152053 U CN217152053 U CN 217152053U
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Abstract
A carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system comprises a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas storage device, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly, a waste heat direct power generation assembly and a small compressor; the energy storage assembly comprises at least two groups of compressors, coolers in one-to-one correspondence with the compressors, a first throttling device, a cryogenic heat exchanger and a second throttling device; the energy release assembly comprises at least two groups of expanders, heaters and high-pressure liquid pumps, wherein the heaters correspond to the expanders one by one; during energy storage, carbon dioxide is pressurized through multiple times of compression, the pressurized carbon dioxide is condensed and converted into liquid, and partial energy generated during compression is directly dissipated into the environment through an external cold source. When energy is to be released, carbon dioxide is evaporated and converted into a gaseous state, in the process, industrial or electric power waste heat is used for providing a heat source for the carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide is evaporated, expands in the expansion machine and applies work to the outside, and the high-quality waste heat used by the part can greatly improve the power generation efficiency. When waste heat is used for directly generating power, the carbon dioxide which does work through the compression expansion machine is directly sent to the tail end cooler for condensation, then sent to the cryogenic heat exchanger again for cooling and liquefaction again, and then sent to the carbon dioxide liquid storage device; the liquid carbon dioxide flowing out of the carbon dioxide liquid storage device absorbs heat and evaporates, enters the expansion machine to do work outwards, and direct power generation of waste heat is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a carbon dioxide energy storage technical field, concretely relates to three mould waste heat power generation energy storage systems of carbon dioxide.
Background
With the increasing emphasis on energy conservation and emission reduction, the energy storage technology is rapidly developed as an important means for smoothing the fluctuation of renewable energy, realizing the peak-load modulation and frequency modulation of the traditional power system and improving the grid-connected flexibility of the renewable energy. At present, the traditional energy storage technology comprises pumped storage, compressed air energy storage and electrochemical energy storage, wherein the pumped storage technology depends on specific geological conditions and needs enough water source; compressed air is used for storing energy, so that the energy storage efficiency is low and the energy density is low; electrochemical energy storage and the like have the limitations of scale and the like.
The carbon dioxide has good stability and rich stock due to the relatively moderate critical pressure (7.38MPa, 31 ℃); compared with the common inert gas, the carbon dioxide gas has the advantage of high density in a supercritical state, and the size of equipment in a power cycle can be effectively reduced; the carbon dioxide has good stability and physical properties, shows the properties of inert gas in a certain temperature range, has the characteristics of no toxicity, rich reserves, natural existence and the like, and has great prospect when being applied to the field of energy storage.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the utility model provides a three mould waste heat power generation energy storage systems of carbon dioxide to solve the above-mentioned one or more technical problem who exists, the utility model discloses can the current waste heat resource of make full use of, realize the optimal cooperation, realize multistage energy storage and release, move the peak in a flexible way and fill out the millet.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: a carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system comprises a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas storage device, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly, a waste heat direct power generation assembly and a small compressor; the energy storage assembly comprises at least two groups of compressors, coolers in one-to-one correspondence with the compressors, a first throttling device, a cryogenic heat exchanger and a second throttling device; the energy release assembly comprises at least two groups of expanders, heaters and high-pressure liquid pumps, wherein the heaters correspond to the expanders one by one;
the outlet of each group of compressors of the energy storage assembly is provided with a corresponding cooler to form a compression cooling combination; the inlet of the compressor of the first-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the carbon dioxide gas storage device, the cooler of the first-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the inlet of the compressor of the next compression cooling combination, and the connection is carried out until the outlet of the cooler of the tail-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the port A of the cryogenic heat exchanger, and the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the second throttling device is arranged between the outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank and the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of a compressor with the tail end compressed and cooled; heat storage is completed through the communication; in the energy storage process, the multistage compressor is driven by the motor to compress the carbon dioxide step by step, and the temperature of the carbon dioxide is reduced step by step after each stage of compression, so that the carbon dioxide is gradually pressurized, cooled and liquefied and then stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank;
each group of heaters of the energy release assembly is arranged at the inlet of the corresponding expander to form a heating expansion group, and the inlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group; the outlet of the expander of the head heating expansion group is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the next heating expansion group, so that the head and the tail are connected, the outlets of the expanders of the tail heating expansion group are communicated with the carbon dioxide gas storage device, and the heat release is completed through the communication; in the energy releasing process, a multistage expander is adopted to expand to do work externally, so that energy output is realized, and a generator is driven to generate electricity;
the outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the high-pressure liquid pump, the outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group of the energy release assembly, and the outlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group is communicated with the inlet of the expansion unit of the head end heating expansion group; an outlet of an expansion unit of the head end heating expansion group is communicated with an inlet of a cooler of the tail end compression cooling combination of the energy storage assembly; the outlet of a cooler of the compression cooling combination at the tail end of the energy storage assembly is communicated with the port A of the cryogenic heat exchanger, and the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the outlet of the liquid carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the second throttling device, and the outlet of the second throttling device is communicated with the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the small compressor; the outlet of the small compressor is communicated with the inlet of a cooler of the tail end compression cooling combination; the waste heat direct power generation assembly is completed through the communication.
Further, the first throttling means is mounted at the outlet of the cooler of the head-end compression cooling combination.
Further, the device also comprises a first valve and a second valve; the first valve is arranged between the expander of the head end heating expansion group and the heater inlet of the next heating expansion group; the second valve is mounted between the expander of the head end heating expansion bank and the cooler inlet of the tail end compression cooling combination of the energy storage assembly.
Further, all the compressors are externally connected with motors; the compressor is used for compressing carbon dioxide, and the consumed energy is surplus electric energy of a power grid in a low-peak electricity utilization period or electric energy generated by renewable energy sources.
Furthermore, all the coolers are double-cold-source heat exchangers, heat generated in the process of the compressor is transferred to carbon dioxide to exchange heat with an external cold source medium when the carbon dioxide flows through the coolers, and then low-grade heat generated in the working process of the compressor is released to the environment through an external cold source.
Furthermore, all the expansion units are externally connected with a generator, and in the energy release stage, the expander does work to drive the generator to generate electric energy for supplementing power supply of a power grid in the peak period of power utilization.
Furthermore, the heater is a double-cold-source heat exchanger, when high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide flows through the cooler, high-quality waste heat of industry or electric power supplies heat for the carbon dioxide working medium to evaporate in the cooler, the high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature and low-temperature carbon dioxide enters the expansion machine, expands in the expansion machine and applies work to the outside, energy output is achieved, and the generator is driven to generate electricity.
Furthermore, the carbon dioxide gas storage device is a gas storage bag with variable volume and stores carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following: the carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system adopts supercritical carbon dioxide as a circulating medium, and combines a phase change heat transfer technology, so that the heat transfer temperature difference can be reduced, and the energy storage efficiency is improved; in addition, the system fully utilizes the existing waste heat resources, realizes optimal matching, has the advantages of large scale, high efficiency, low cost, environmental protection and the like, can convert unstable electric energy generated by renewable energy sources into stable and controllable high-quality electric energy, effectively solves the problems of wind abandonment and light abandonment, and realizes large-scale consumption of renewable energy power generation. Secondly, the waste heat direct power generation component is designed, so that the waste heat is directly utilized to generate power in the peak time of power utilization, and the power demand is supplemented; meanwhile, the whole system can realize energy storage services such as power peak regulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, voltage support, rotary standby, emergency response and the like, and the efficiency, stability and safety of the power system are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first principle of the three-mode cogeneration energy storage system of carbon dioxide.
Fig. 2 is the second principle schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system of the utility model.
In the figure: 1. a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; 2. a carbon dioxide gas storage device; 31. a first cooler; 32. a second cooler; 3n, an nth cooler; 41. a first heater; 42. a second heater; 4m, m heater; 51. a first expander set; 52. a second expander set; 5m, m expansion machine set; 61. a first compressor; 62. a second compressor; 6n, n-th compression machine; 7. a high pressure liquid pump; 8. a first throttling device; 9. a cryogenic heat exchanger; 10. a second throttling device; 11. a small compressor; 12. a first valve; 13. a second valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples or to some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the carbon dioxide three-module waste heat power generation and energy storage system of the present invention includes a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1, a carbon dioxide gas storage device 2, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly and a waste heat direct power generation assembly; the energy storage assembly comprises a first cooler 31, a second cooler 32, a first compressor 61, a second compressor 62, a first throttling device 8, a cryogenic heat exchanger 9 and a second throttling device 10; the energy release assembly comprises a high-pressure liquid pump 7, a first heater 41, a second heater 42, a first expansion unit 51 and a second expansion unit 52; the waste heat direct power generation assembly comprises a second cooler 32, a cryogenic heat exchanger 9, a second throttling device 10, a high-pressure liquid pump 7, a first heater 41, a first expansion unit 51 and a small compressor 11.
The inlet of the first compressor 61 is communicated with the outlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2; the outlet of the first compressor 61 is communicated with the D port of the first cooler 31; the port C of the first cooler 31 is communicated with the inlet of the first throttling device 8; the outlet of the first throttling device 8 is communicated with the inlet of the second compressor 62; the outlet of the second compressor 62 is communicated with the D port of the second cooler 32; a port C of the second cooler 32 is communicated with a port A of a cryogenic heat exchanger 9 of the cryogenic heat exchange assembly, and a port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1; the second throttling device 10 is arranged between the liquid carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 and the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the inlet of a second compressor 62; thus, carbon dioxide cooled by the CD channel of the second cooler 32 enters the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9, meanwhile, liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 enters the CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 after throttling, the two carry out heat exchange, the carbon dioxide entering the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is cooled again, finally, the carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 through the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9, meanwhile, the carbon dioxide in the CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 absorbs heat and then is mixed into the second compressor 62 through the inlet of the second compressor 62 for compression, and then is cooled, liquefied and finally returns to the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 again through the DC channel of the second cooler 32 and the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9. Heat storage is accomplished through the above communication. The above components constitute an energy storage portion.
An outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 is communicated with an inlet of a high-pressure liquid pump 7, an outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump 7 is communicated with an A port of a first heater 41, and a B port of the first heater 41 is communicated with an inlet of a first expansion unit 51; an outlet of the first expander set 51 is communicated with an inlet A of the second heater 42, an outlet B of the second heater 42 is communicated with an inlet of the second expander set 52, and an outlet of the second expander set 52 is communicated with an inlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2; the heat supply is completed by the above communication. The above components constitute an energy release portion.
An outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 is communicated with an inlet of a high-pressure liquid pump 7, an outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump 7 is communicated with an A port of a first heater 41, and a B port of the first heater 41 is communicated with an inlet of a first expansion unit 51; the outlet of the first expander set 51 communicates with the D port of the second cooler 32; a port C of the second cooler 32 is communicated with a port A of a cryogenic heat exchanger 9 of the cryogenic heat exchange assembly, and a port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1; the outlet of the liquid carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 is communicated with the inlet of the second throttling device 10, and the outlet of the second throttling device 10 is communicated with the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the inlet of the small compressor 11; the outlet of the small compressor 11 is communicated with the D port of the second cooler 32; the direct waste heat power generation system is completed through the communication, energy is not stored in the process, and power is directly generated.
The first valve 12 is installed between the first expander 51 and the second heater 42; the second valve 13 is installed between the first expander 51 and the D port of the second cooler 32.
The first compressor 61, the second compressor 62 and the small compressor 11 are externally connected with motors. In the energy storage process, the compressor is used for compressing carbon dioxide, and the consumed energy can be surplus electric energy of a power grid in a power utilization low peak period or electric energy generated by renewable energy sources.
The AB channel of the first cooler 31 and the AB channel of the second cooler 32 are respectively communicated with an external cold source; the external cold source of the condenser can be air cooling, water cooling or other cold media and is used for cooling the carbon dioxide working medium compressed by the compressor.
The first expansion unit 51 and the second expansion unit 52 are externally connected with a generator, and the generator is driven by the expansion unit to work in the energy release stage to generate electric energy for supplementing power supply of a power grid in the peak period of power consumption.
The CD channel of the first heater 41 and the CD channel of the second heater 42 are respectively communicated with an external waste heat source; the waste heat source can be waste heat from a thermal power plant, a steel plant, a cement plant, a chemical plant, a nuclear power plant and the like or renewable energy with a heat source.
The carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 is a gas storage bag with variable volume and stores carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure, and the gas storage bag can be an elastic or inelastic film air bag. When carbon dioxide is charged, the volume of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 is increased, and when carbon dioxide flows out, the volume of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 is decreased, so that the constancy of the pressure in the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 is realized.
Therefore, the utility model discloses carbon dioxide's three mould waste heat power generation energy storage system adopts carbon dioxide liquid storage pot 1 and carbon dioxide gas storage device 2, is used for storing high pressure carbon dioxide liquid and normal atmospheric temperature carbon dioxide gas respectively to make the system form a confined energy storage system, carbon dioxide working medium can cyclic utilization on the one hand, and on the other hand has avoided discharging greenhouse gas to the environment. Carbon dioxide only changes between gaseous state and liquid, and in carbon dioxide gas storage device 2, carbon dioxide is in the gaseous state of normal atmospheric temperature, compares in the conventional energy storage energy release that carries out through supercritical carbon dioxide, and the requirement to carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 is lower in this embodiment, need not to set up the comparatively complicated liquid storage device of low pressure of structure, can reduce cost to a certain extent.
Referring to fig. 2, compared with fig. 1, the energy storage assembly of the carbon dioxide three-module cogeneration energy storage system of the present invention includes a plurality of compressors 61-6 n, and coolers 31-3 n corresponding to the compressors 61-6 n one by one, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2; the energy release assembly comprises a plurality of groups of expansion units 51-5 m and heaters 41-4 m corresponding to the expansion units one by one, wherein m is more than or equal to 2.
The inlet of the first compressor 61 of the energy storage assembly is communicated with the outlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2; the outlet of the first compressor 61 is communicated with the D port of the first cooler 31; the port C of the first cooler 31 is communicated with the inlet of the first throttling device 8; the outlet of the first throttling device 8 is communicated with the inlet of the second compressor 62; the outlet of the second compressor 62 is communicated with the D port of the second cooler 32; the port C of the second cooler 32 communicates with the inlet of the compressor of the next stage, and the outlet of the compressor of the next stage communicates with the corresponding inlet of the cooler, so that the outlets up to the nth compressor 6n communicate with the port D of the nth cooler 3 n; a port C of the nth cooler 3n is communicated with a port A of a cryogenic heat exchanger 9 of the cryogenic heat exchange assembly, a port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 of the cryogenic heat exchange assembly is communicated with a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1, and a second throttling device 10 is arranged between a liquid carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 and the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9; a port D of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with an inlet of the nth compressor 6 n; therefore, the carbon dioxide is compressed step by driving the multistage compressor through the motor in the energy storage process, and the temperature is reduced step by step after each stage of compression, so that the carbon dioxide is gradually pressurized, cooled and liquefied and then stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1. The process can realize the conversion of carbon dioxide from a gas state to a liquid state by using surplus electric power output by a power plant or electric energy generated by renewable energy sources during the electricity consumption valley period, and the energy is stored.
The coolers 31-3 n are double-cold-source heat exchangers, when heat generated in the process of the compressor transfers carbon dioxide to flow through CD channels of the coolers 31-3 n, external cold source media are introduced into AB channels of the coolers 31-3 n to exchange heat with carbon dioxide working media, and then the external cold source media are released into the environment.
A high-pressure liquid pump 7 is communicated between the port A of the first heater 41 of the energy release component and the outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1, and the port B of the first heater 41 is communicated with the inlet of the first expansion unit 51; the outlet of the first expansion unit 51 is communicated with the port A of the second heater 42, the port B of the second heater 42 is communicated with the inlet of the second expansion unit 52, the outlet of the second expansion unit 52 is communicated with the inlet of the next-stage heater until the port B of the mth heater 4m is communicated with the inlet of the mth expansion unit 5m, and the outlet of the mth expansion unit 5m is communicated with the inlet of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2, so that a multi-stage expansion machine is used for driving and connecting a generator in the energy release process. This process can release stored energy during peak electricity usage periods for supplementing the grid supply.
The heaters 41-4 m are double-cold-source heat exchangers, when high-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide flows through the AB channels of the heaters 41-4 m, waste heat is introduced into CD channels of the heaters 41-4 m to provide heat for carbon dioxide working media to evaporate, the high-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the expansion machine, expands in the expansion machine and applies work to the outside, energy output is achieved, and the generator is driven to generate electricity.
An outlet of a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 of the waste heat direct power generation assembly is communicated with an inlet of a high-pressure liquid pump 7, an outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump 7 is communicated with an A port of a first heater 41, and a B port of the first heater 41 is communicated with an inlet of a first expansion unit 51; the outlet of the first expander group 51 communicates with the D port of the nth cooler 3 n; a port C of the nth cooler 3n is communicated with a port A of a cryogenic heat exchanger 9 of the cryogenic heat exchange assembly, and a port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1; a liquid carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 is communicated with an inlet of the second throttling device 10, and an outlet of the second throttling device 10 is communicated with a port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the inlet of the small compressor 11; the outlet of the small compressor 11 is communicated with the D port of the nth cooler 3 n; the direct waste heat power generation system is completed through the communication.
In addition, the first valve 13 is installed between the first expander 51 and the second heater 42; the second valve 12 is installed between the first expander 51 and the D port of the nth cooler 3 n.
During energy storage, carbon dioxide is pressurized through multiple times of compression, the pressurized carbon dioxide is condensed and converted into liquid, and partial energy generated during compression is directly dissipated into the environment through an external cold source. When energy is to be released, carbon dioxide is evaporated and converted into a gaseous state, in the process, industrial or electric power waste heat is used for providing a heat source for the carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide is evaporated, expands in the expansion machine and applies work to the outside, and the high-quality waste heat used by the part can greatly improve the power generation efficiency. When the waste heat is used for directly generating power, the carbon dioxide which does work through the expansion machine is directly sent to the tail end cooler for condensation, then sent to the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 again for cooling again, converted into liquid, and directly flows into the carbon dioxide liquid storage device 1; the carbon dioxide pumped from the carbon dioxide liquid storage device 1 through the high-pressure liquid pump 7 is heated by industrial or electric power waste heat and then evaporated to be converted into a gaseous state, then the gaseous state is expanded in the expansion machine and works outwards, and the carbon dioxide which has worked further circulates to the tail end cooler to be circulated again, so that the direct power generation of the waste heat is completed periodically and circularly.
The utility model discloses constitute by energy storage, energy release and the three mode of direct electricity generation. In the energy storage process: the small compressor 11 is not operated and the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 are closed. Gaseous carbon dioxide in a normal temperature and normal pressure state flows out of the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 and flows to the first compressor 61 through a pipeline, and surplus electric energy in the peak-valley period of a power grid or electric energy generated by renewable energy sources drives the first compressor 61 to work through a motor; the gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed for the first time by the first compressor 61, increasing its pressure; during compression, heat is generated, raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide compressed by the first compressor 61 flows to the DC channel of the first cooler 31 through a pipe, transfers heat generated during the compression to the external heat source medium of the AB channel of the first cooler 31, and is then released to the environment through the external heat source medium. Meanwhile, the carbon dioxide flowing out of the first cooler 31 flows to the second compressor 62 through a pipeline, and the electric energy generated by the surplus electric energy or the renewable energy source in the peak-valley period of the power grid drives the second compressor 62 to work through the motor, and is compressed for the second time through the second compressor 62, so that the pressure of the second compressor is further increased. During compression, heat is generated, raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is compressed by the second compressor 62, flows to the DC channel of the second cooler 32 through a pipe, transfers heat generated during compression to the external cold source medium of the AB channel of the second cooler 32, and is then released to the environment through the external cold source medium; meanwhile, the carbon dioxide flowing out of the second cooler 32 flows to the next stage of compressor through a pipeline to be compressed, and circulates until the nth compressor 6n, and the electric energy generated by the surplus electric energy or the renewable energy source in the peak-valley period of the power grid drives the nth compressor 6n to work through the motor, and is compressed for the nth time through the nth compressor 6n, so that the pressure of the nth compressor is further increased. During compression, heat is generated, raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide. After being compressed by the nth compressor 6n, the carbon dioxide flows to the DC channel of the nth cooler 3n through a pipeline, transfers the heat generated during compression to the external cold source medium of the AB channel of the nth cooler 3n, and then is released to the environment through the external cold source medium; after heat exchange is realized, high-pressure liquid or gas-liquid mixed carbon dioxide flows to an AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, meanwhile, liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 enters a CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 after throttling, heat exchange is carried out between the high-pressure liquid and the CD channel, the carbon dioxide enters the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 to be cooled again, finally, the carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 through a port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9, meanwhile, the carbon dioxide of the CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 absorbs heat and then is mixed into an nth compressor 6n through an inlet of a terminal compressor, after being compressed by the nth compressor 6n, the carbon dioxide sequentially enters a DC channel of the nth cooler 3n and the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 to be cooled, liquefied and then returns to the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 again, and the energy storage flow is completed.
In the process of energy release: the small compressor 11 is not operated, the first valve 12 is closed, and the second valve 13 is opened. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is pumped out from the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 through a high-pressure liquid pump and enters an AB channel of the first heater 41 through a pipeline, meanwhile, high-quality industrial or electric power waste heat is introduced into a CD channel of the first heater 41 to provide evaporating heat for an AB channel carbon dioxide working medium of the first heater 41, the high-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-pressure high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the first expander 51 through the pipeline, and the high-pressure high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide expands in the first expander 51 and acts outwards to realize energy output and drive a generator to generate electricity. After flowing out from the first expander 51, the carbon dioxide flows to the AB channel of the second heater 42 through the pipeline, meanwhile, the CD channel of the second heater 42 introduces high-quality industrial or electric power waste heat to provide evaporating heat for the AB channel carbon dioxide working medium of the second heater 42, the carbon dioxide absorbs the part of heat, the temperature is raised, the high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide enters the second expander 52 through the pipeline, expands in the second expander 52 and does work outwards, the energy output is realized, and the generator is driven to generate electricity. Therefore, the high-quality industrial or electric power waste heat is introduced into the CD channel of the mth heater 4m to provide the heat for evaporating the carbon dioxide working medium of the AB channel of the mth heater 4m, the carbon dioxide absorbs the part of the heat, the temperature is increased, the high-temperature gaseous carbon dioxide enters the nth expander 5m through the pipeline, expands in the nth expander 5m and does work outwards to realize energy output to drive the generator to generate electricity, and finally the carbon dioxide directly enters the carbon dioxide gas storage device 2 after flowing out of the nth expander 5m, so that the energy release process is completed.
The waste heat direct power generation process comprises the following steps: the small compressor 11, the first valve 12 and the second valve 13 are opened. High-pressure liquid carbon dioxide is pumped out from the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 through a high-pressure liquid pump and enters an AB channel of the first heater 41 through a pipeline, meanwhile, high-quality industrial or electric power waste heat is introduced into a CD channel of the first heater 41 to provide evaporating heat for an AB channel carbon dioxide working medium of the first heater 41, the high-pressure low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the first expander 51 through the pipeline, the high-pressure high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide expands in the first expander 51 and acts outwards, energy output is achieved, and a generator is driven to generate electricity. After flowing out from the first expander 51, the carbon dioxide flows to the DC channel of the nth cooler 3n through a pipeline, is subjected to primary cooling through an external cold source of the AB channel of the nth cooler 3n, then flows to the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 through the pipeline, meanwhile, the liquid carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 enters the CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 after throttling, the heat exchange is carried out between the liquid carbon dioxide and the CD channel, the carbon dioxide enters the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 for secondary cooling and liquefaction, finally enters the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 through the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9, meanwhile, the carbon dioxide in the CD channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 absorbs heat and enters the small compressor 11, after the compression of the small compressor 11, the carbon dioxide sequentially enters the DC channel of the nth cooler 3n for primary cooling, then enters the AB channel of the cryogenic heat exchanger 9 for secondary cooling, and finally, the carbon dioxide liquid is liquefied and circulates to the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank 1 again, thus, the direct power generation of waste heat is completed in a periodic cycle manner.
The utility model discloses a three mould waste heat power generation energy storage system of carbon dioxide can be used to cooperate the electric wire netting to realize the peak clipping and fill out millet, electric wire netting frequency modulation, can be used to have the thermal power plant of waste heat, steel plant, nuclear power plant etc. and to the big unit of electric power capacity demand and have the renewable energy of heat source. To the abundant area of renewable energy, the utility model discloses carbon dioxide's three mould waste heat power generation energy storage system can cooperate with the renewable energy power plant and increase renewable energy utilization ratio, reaches the purpose of energy saving.
The utility model discloses carbon dioxide's three mould waste heat power generation energy storage system's advantage is: the supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a circulating medium, and a phase change heat transfer technology is combined, so that the heat transfer temperature difference can be reduced, and the energy storage efficiency is improved; in addition, the system fully utilizes the existing waste heat resources, realizes the optimal matching, has the advantages of large scale, high efficiency, low cost, environmental protection and the like, can convert the unstable electric energy generated by the renewable energy into stable and controllable high-quality electric energy, effectively solves the problems of wind and light abandonment, and realizes the large-scale consumption of the electricity generation of the renewable energy; secondly, the design of the cryogenic component realizes the complete liquefaction of carbon dioxide, and the system is more stable; in addition, when the electricity consumption peak is in use, the waste heat is directly utilized to generate electricity to supplement the electricity demand. The system can realize energy storage services such as power peak regulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, voltage support, rotary standby, emergency response and the like, and improves the efficiency, stability and safety of the power system.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a three mould waste heat power generation energy storage systems of carbon dioxide which characterized in that: the system comprises a carbon dioxide liquid storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas storage device, an energy storage assembly, an energy release assembly, a waste heat direct power generation assembly and a small compressor; the energy storage assembly comprises at least two groups of compressors, coolers in one-to-one correspondence with the compressors, a first throttling device, a cryogenic heat exchanger and a second throttling device; the energy release assembly comprises at least two groups of expanders, heaters and high-pressure liquid pumps, wherein the heaters correspond to the expanders one by one;
the outlet of each group of compressors of the energy storage assembly is provided with a corresponding cooler to form a compression cooling combination; the inlet of the compressor of the first-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the carbon dioxide gas storage device, the cooler of the first-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the inlet of the compressor of the next compression cooling combination, and the connection is carried out until the outlet of the cooler of the tail-end compression cooling combination is communicated with the port A of the cryogenic heat exchanger, and the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the second throttling device is arranged between the outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank and the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of a compressor with the tail end compressed and cooled; heat storage is completed through the communication; in the energy storage process, the multistage compressor is driven by the motor to compress the carbon dioxide step by step, and the temperature of the carbon dioxide is reduced step by step after each stage of compression, so that the carbon dioxide is gradually pressurized, cooled and liquefied and then stored in the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank;
each group of heaters of the energy release assembly is arranged at the inlet of the corresponding expander to form a heating expansion group, and the inlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group; the outlet of the expander of the head heating expansion group is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the next heating expansion group, so that the head and the tail are connected, the outlets of the expanders of the tail heating expansion group are communicated with the carbon dioxide gas storage device, and the heat release is completed through the communication; in the energy releasing process, a multi-stage expansion machine is adopted to expand to do work externally, so that energy output is realized, and a generator is driven to generate electricity;
the outlet of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the high-pressure liquid pump, the outlet of the high-pressure liquid pump is communicated with the inlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group of the energy release assembly, and the outlet of the heater of the head end heating expansion group is communicated with the inlet of the expander of the head end heating expansion group; an outlet of an expander of the head end heating expansion group is communicated with an inlet of a cooler of the tail end compression cooling combination of the energy storage assembly; the outlet of a cooler of the tail end compression cooling combination of the energy storage assembly is communicated with the port A of the cryogenic heat exchanger, and the port B of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank; the outlet of the liquid carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide liquid storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the second throttling device, and the outlet of the second throttling device is communicated with the port C of the cryogenic heat exchanger; the D port of the cryogenic heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the small compressor; the outlet of the small compressor is communicated with the inlet of a cooler of the tail end compression cooling combination; the waste heat direct power generation assembly is completed through the communication.
2. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first throttling means is mounted at the outlet of the cooler of the head-end compression cooling combination.
3. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a first valve and a second valve; the first valve is arranged between the expander of the head end heating expansion group and the heater inlet of the next heating expansion group; the second valve is mounted between the expander of the head end heating expansion bank and the cooler inlet of the tail end compression cooling combination of the energy storage assembly.
4. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: all the compressors are externally connected with motors; the compressor is used for compressing carbon dioxide, and the consumed energy is surplus electric energy of a power grid in a low-peak electricity utilization period or electric energy generated by renewable energy sources.
5. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: all the coolers are double cold source heat exchangers, heat exchange is carried out between the heat transferred carbon dioxide generated in the compressor process and an external cold source medium when the carbon dioxide flows through the coolers, and then low-grade heat generated in the compressor working process is discharged into the environment through the external cold source.
6. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the energy release stage, the expansion machines do work to drive the generators to generate electric energy for supplementing power supply of a power grid in the peak period of power utilization.
7. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heater is a double-cold-source heat exchanger, when high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide flows through the cooler, high-quality waste heat of industry or electric power provides evaporating heat for the carbon dioxide working medium in the cooler, the high-pressure and low-temperature carbon dioxide is changed into high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide, then the high-temperature and low-temperature carbon dioxide enters the expansion machine, expands in the expansion machine and applies work to the outside, energy output is realized, and the generator is driven to generate electricity.
8. The carbon dioxide three-mode waste heat power generation and energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon dioxide gas storage device is a gas storage bag with variable volume and stores carbon dioxide at normal temperature and normal pressure.
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