CN217142174U - Steel bar upsetting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a steel bar upsetting machine, wherein a clamping die is arranged on a frame, and the clamping die is provided with a clamping cavity which can be opened and closed and is used for clamping and fixing steel bars; an upsetting die is arranged on the rack, the upsetting die is provided with a forming cavity of a fixed closed cavity structure and used for upsetting and forming the head of the steel bar, and the forming cavity can bear the opening force caused by upsetting deformation of the head of the steel bar without cavity deformation; the central line of the clamping cavity and the central line of the forming cavity are positioned on the same axis; an upsetting power device is arranged on the frame and is provided with a piston moving towards the head of the steel bar and used for providing axial upsetting force for upsetting forming of the head of the steel bar. The utility model discloses the realization improves reinforcing bar head upset quality and efficiency to the accurate control of reinforcing bar upset diameter and cross sectional shape.

Description

Steel bar upsetting machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a metal bar member, especially the head cold-heading or the hot-heading of construction steel bar, more specifically says, relates to a steel bar upsetter.

Background

1. In the building engineering, the most common mechanical connection of the reinforcing steel bars is the threaded connection of the reinforcing steel bars, namely, after the heads of the reinforcing steel bars are processed with threads, the mutual connection of the reinforcing steel bars can be realized by utilizing a sleeve with internal threads, and the connection strength is higher than that of a base material of the reinforcing steel bars.

2. Because the reinforcing steel bar has transverse ribs and longitudinal ribs, the ribs must be eliminated firstly when the thread is processed, so that the final sectional area of the thread which is processed by cutting or rolling is smaller than that of the base material of the reinforcing steel bar, and the strength is reduced.

3. In order to make the final cross-sectional area of the machined thread not smaller than the cross-sectional area of the steel bar base material, the diameter of the steel bar head needs to be increased, and the diameter of the steel bar head can be increased by cold heading or hot heading, which is called upsetting.

4. The steel bar is different from general industrial products with accurate size, the steel bar with the same specification has different production standards, and the outer diameter, the shapes and the heights of transverse ribs and longitudinal ribs and the base circle section of the steel bar have increased difference and deviation.

As in the two embodiments of fig. 3 and 4 of US patent document US7313942B2, the two structures differ: the difference of the mold clamping modes is that the first mode is used for clamping the mold through a single oil cylinder, and the second mode is used for clamping the mold through a wedge-shaped block and a wedge-shaped slideway, but the modes are all used for providing enough mold clamping force (mold clamping locking force).

Common to both structures is that: 1. the mold is divided into two halves in the axial direction through which the reinforcing steel bar passes, the reinforcing steel bar is placed in the mold when the mold is opened or the reinforcing steel bar is taken out after upsetting is completed, and a clamping cavity and an upsetting forming cavity are formed when the mold is closed for upsetting. 2. The clamping die and the upsetting die are divided into two halves and are arranged on the die holder which is also divided into two halves, when the die holder is assembled, the two halves of the clamping die are closed to form a clamping cavity, and the two halves of the upsetting die are also closed to form a forming cavity.

The defects of the existing structure are as follows: 1. when the die is closed, the action of the die closing force is divided into two parts, one part is used for clamping and offsetting the axial upsetting force of the upsetting oil cylinder to ensure that the steel bar cannot slide in the axial direction in the upsetting process, the other part is used for expanding the steel bar in the upsetting die along with the expansion of the steel bar, the expanded steel bar can act on a forming die cavity to generate a spreading force on the upsetting die, and the die closing force is equal to the resultant force of the two forces. Because the radial strutting force of the reinforcing steel bar can be very large in the upsetting process, huge mold closing force is needed. 2. Because the diameter of the steel bar has deviation, the clamping die and the upsetting die are opened and closed along with the die holder at the same time, for the steel bar with smaller diameter, the clamping die is not clamped yet, but the upsetting die (the die holder) is completely closed, so that the clamping fails even if the die is completely closed, and for the condition that the diameter of the steel bar is larger, the clamping die is not completely closed and is clamped yet, so that the die holder cannot be completely closed, and because the upsetting die is also on the same die holder, the upsetting die cannot be completely closed, so that the forming cavity is larger. 3. Because the upsetting die forming cavity is of a two-half open-close type structure, the size of the upsetting cavity changes along with the size deviation of the steel bars, and in the upsetting process, if the upset head enters the cavity, the upset head can damage the cavity, so the size of the upset head is generally larger than that of the upsetting die forming cavity, the upset head carries out upsetting operation outside the forming cavity and does not enter the cavity, the upsetting is generally finished without entering the cavity, the outer diameter of the upset head is slightly larger than that of the forming cavity, a similar flange structure (commonly called a cap) is formed, and the subsequent thread processing is not facilitated. 4. After upsetting is completed, the die holder is opened, the clamping die and the forming die are simultaneously opened along with the die holder, the reinforcing steel bars are often adhered to the clamping die and the forming die on one side, a worker needs to knock the adhered reinforcing steel bars off the clamping die and the forming die by tools, and full-automatic production is difficult to realize.

Therefore, due to the above structural deficiencies, the prior art structure can only accomplish the increase of the head section of the reinforcing bar, and lacks the ability to precisely control the upset diameter and the sectional shape.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a steel bar upsetting machine, its aim at solve the technical defect of current structure, realize improving reinforcing bar head upset quality and efficiency to the accurate control of reinforcing bar upset diameter and cross sectional shape.

The utility model discloses a steel bar upsetting machine, a clamping mould is arranged on a frame, the clamping mould is provided with a clamping cavity which can be opened and closed and is used for clamping and fixing steel bars; the upsetting die is arranged on the frame, is provided with a forming cavity of a fixed closed cavity structure and is used for upsetting and forming the head of the steel bar, and the forming cavity can bear the opening force caused by upsetting deformation of the head of the steel bar without cavity deformation; the central line of the clamping cavity and the central line of the forming cavity are positioned on the same axis; an upsetting power device is arranged on the frame and is provided with a piston moving towards the head of the steel bar and used for providing axial upsetting force for upsetting forming of the head of the steel bar.

The upsetting process of the head of the steel bar is characterized in that the steel bar to be upset is inserted into the clamping cavity and the forming cavity of the upsetting die when the clamping die opens the clamping cavity; the clamping mold closes the clamping cavity and clamps and fixes the clamping section of the steel bar to be upset; the upsetting power device starts to execute upsetting operation through an upsetting head arranged on a piston, and the upsetting head extends into the forming cavity to upset and deform the head of the upsetting steel bar in the forming cavity to form an upsetting section so as to finish upsetting action; the clamping mold opens the clamping cavity; enabling the upsetting section to exit from the forming cavity through a material returning action; removing the rebar from the clamp cavity.

The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present disclosure are readily apparent from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the disclosure.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention in a condition in which a rebar is placed and the upset is positioned;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention in a clamping die closed and upset start condition;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention in an upset finish condition;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention in a condition where the upset is ejecting upset sections after the clamp die is opened;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention with the cam clamping die open;

figure 6 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention with the bar being placed and the upset end face abutting the upset;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention in a state where the cam clamping dies are closed to complete clamping of the reinforcing bars;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention in an upset finish condition;

figure 9 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention with the upset retracted and the cam clamping die open;

figure 10 is a schematic view of an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention in an upset ejection upset condition.

Detailed Description

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the structure principle of the upsetting machine is explained in detail, and the frame 6 shown in the drawings adopts the structural design of the prior art, which is not described herein again. The frame 6 is provided with a clamping die, an upsetting die and an upsetting power device. The clamping die exemplarily shown in the figure is of a two-half opening and closing structure, the clamping die comprises a first clamping die holder 14 and a second clamping die holder 15, and the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2 are respectively arranged on the first clamping die holder 14 and the second clamping die holder 15 and are in radial opening and closing action. The clamping die structure and the power device are conventional technologies, for example, the power device adopts an independent oil cylinder to clamp the power device. In this embodiment, the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2 have semicircular clamping cavities, and after the dies are closed, the clamping cavities for clamping and fixing the reinforcing steel bars are formed. In order to match the upsetting process of reinforcing steel bars of different types, the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2 are designed in a modular structure, so that the clamping dies are convenient to disassemble and replace. The utility model discloses an upsetting die has the shaping cavity of fixed closed cavity structure. For example, the upsetting die exemplarily shown in the figures comprises an upsetting die holder formed by an upsetting die plate 7 fixedly mounted on a frame 6 and used for cooperating with upsetting action, wherein a cylindrical hole is formed in the upsetting die plate 7, and the center line of the cylindrical hole and the center line of the clamping cavity are located on the same axis. The cylindrical hole can directly form a forming cavity for upsetting and forming the head of the reinforcing steel bar. In order to flexibly adapt to upsetting processes of reinforcing steel bars of different types, the cylindrical hole is not directly used as a forming cavity, the upsetting die 3 can be designed in a modularized mode, the upsetting die 3 formed by splicing all modular structure assemblies is provided with the forming cavity, the upsetting die 3 is fixedly installed on the cylindrical hole, for example, all modular structure assemblies are spliced on the cylindrical hole through fastening bolts, so that the forming cavity with high size precision is provided, and the upsetting die can be detached and replaced according to the upsetting processes of the reinforcing steel bars of different types. In order to be suitable for mounting the upsetting die 3 formed by the modular structure components, mounting holes with other shapes can be formed in the upsetting die plate 7. And, except the described upset template structure, trompil that are used for fixed mounting upset mould 3 as the upset die holder of this example and the shaping cavity structure that forms through the amalgamation of installation modular structure subassembly, adopt other any mechanical structure designs, as long as form with the utility model discloses a shaping cavity has the uniformity in structure and function, all falls into the technical scheme of the utility model's protection within range. The forming cavity of the fixed closed cavity structure is different from the prior art, the whole process of the upsetting process of the head of the steel bar does not have the process and the function of opening and closing the die, and the fixed fastening closed state is always kept, so that the forming cavity can bear the opening force caused by the upsetting deformation of the head of the steel bar without the deformation of the cavity, and the precise control of the upsetting diameter and the section shape of the steel bar can be realized without depending on an extra power device to provide huge die closing force. And secondly, the clamping die and the upsetting die are prevented from opening and closing synchronously along with the die holder, the influence caused by the deviation of the diameter of the steel bar is eliminated, and the situations of clamping failure and upsetting die closing failure cannot occur. And thirdly, the upset head 4 enters the forming cavity, the reinforcing steel bars are completely restrained in the closed forming cavity to complete upsetting, and a series of problems that part of the reinforcing steel bars are exposed out of the forming cavity, eccentricity is possibly generated, and a flange structure appears at the head are avoided. Finally, in the upsetting process of the forming cavity of the fixed closed cavity structure, the formed upsetting section is accurate in size and high in shape and quality, the problem of steel bar adhesion cannot occur after the upsetting section is returned from the forming cavity through the material ejecting process, and full-automatic production operation can be easily realized.

Referring to the exemplary upsetting process of the head of the steel bar shown in fig. 1 to 4, an exemplary upsetting power device, such as a hydraulic control system, includes a cylinder 5, a piston is mounted on the cylinder 5, and an upsetting head 4 is mounted on the piston. Referring to fig. 1, in a state that the clamping cavity is opened by the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2, the upset head 4 is driven by the piston to move to an upset position in advance, the steel bar to be upset is inserted into the clamping cavity and the forming cavity, and the end face of the upset end of the steel bar to be upset abuts against the upset head 4. Referring to fig. 2, the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2 close the clamping cavity to clamp and fix the steel bar to be upset, and the upset head 4 applies force to start upsetting action. Referring to fig. 3, it can be seen that the deformation zones for the non-upset and upset portions of the rebar are disposed in the clamp cavity. The upsetting head 4 is used for upsetting the head of the steel bar in the forming cavity, the steel bar deforms at the end face, close to the upsetting die, of the clamping die to form a V-shaped transition section, the steel bar is axially compressed in the forming cavity, and the steel bar radially expands to complete the upsetting process. Referring to fig. 4, in a state that the clamping cavity is opened by the first clamping die 1 and the second clamping die 2, the upset head 4 extends into the forming cavity to abut against the upset section and push the upset section out of the forming cavity by the upset pressure to complete the material returning action. The rebar is then removed from the clamp cavity. In order to realize the automatic operation of the upsetting process of the head of the steel bar, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor which are used for measuring a clamping die, an upsetting die and an upsetting power device can be selectively arranged on the frame 6 and are controlled by a controller together.

As shown in fig. 5 to 10, according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the structure principle of the upsetting machine of the present invention is explained in detail, and the frame 6 adopting the guide pillar structure in this example is the structural design of the prior art, which is not described herein again. The frame 6 is provided with a movable die plate 13 which slides axially along the guide posts, the movable die plate 13 is driven to move axially by a clamping power device which is not shown in the figure, for example, a hydraulic oil cylinder with a push rod or other driving modes are used for driving, and the displacement can be detected by a displacement sensor so as to accurately control the speed and the displacement of the movable die plate 13. The clamping die shown in the figures by way of example employs a wedge-shaped clamping mechanism. The clamping die comprises a first inclined wedge clamping die holder 9 and a second inclined wedge clamping die holder 10, and a first inclined wedge clamping die 11 and a second inclined wedge clamping die 12 are respectively installed on the first inclined wedge clamping die holder 9 and the second inclined wedge clamping die holder 10. The first inclined wedge clamping die 11 and the second inclined wedge clamping die 12 are respectively provided with a semicircular clamping cavity, and the clamping cavities for clamping and fixing the reinforcing steel bars are formed after die assembly. In order to match the upsetting process of reinforcing steel bars of different types, the first wedge clamping die 11 and the second wedge clamping die 12 are in a modular design and are convenient to disassemble and replace. The first wedge clamping die holder 9 and the second wedge clamping die holder 10 are mounted on the movable die plate 13 and can slide on the movable die plate 13 to realize opening and closing actions. The fixed template 8 is positioned in front of the movable template 13, and a wedge-shaped slideway with a guide groove is arranged in the fixed template 8. And the clamping power device drives the movable template 13 to move axially, and simultaneously drives the first wedge clamping die holder 9 and the second wedge clamping die holder 10 to enter and exit the wedge-shaped slideway and synchronously opens or closes the first wedge clamping die 11 and the second wedge clamping die 12. The structure of the forming cavity provided on the movable die plate 13 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and it can be seen from the figure that the first wedge clamping die 11 and the second wedge clamping die 12 are provided with chamfers on the end surfaces close to the forming cavity as transition areas of the non-upset portion and the upset portion of the reinforcing steel bar.

Referring to the exemplary upsetting process of the head of the reinforcing bar as shown in fig. 5 to 10, the exemplary upsetting power device is the same as that of the first embodiment. Referring to fig. 5, the movable die plate 13 moves toward the piston direction, and the first and second wedge clamping dies 11 and 12 open the clamping cavities. Referring to fig. 6, the heading 4 is moved to a positioning position in advance under the driving of the piston, the steel bar to be upset is put into the opening of the fixed die plate 8, and the end face of the upset end abuts against the heading 4 after passing through the clamping die and the upsetting die. Referring to fig. 7, the movable die plate 13 moves towards the direction of the wedge-shaped slideway, and the first wedge clamping die 11 and the second wedge clamping die 12 are radially closed in the process of moving forwards, so that the reinforcing steel bar is clamped. Referring to fig. 8, the upsetting head 4 moves forward to upset the head of the steel bar in the forming cavity, the steel bar deforms to form a V-shaped transition section on the end face of the clamping die close to the upsetting die, and is compressed axially and expanded radially in the forming cavity, and when the position of the upsetting head and the hydraulic pressure reach set values, the upsetting process is completed. Referring to fig. 9, first, the heading 4 retreats to provide a space for the movable platen 13 to move backward, and then the movable platen 13 moves backward to open the clamping cavities by the first and second cam clamping dies 11 and 12. Referring to fig. 10, the heading head 4 moves forward and extends into the forming cavity to abut against the upset section and push the upset section out of the forming cavity by the heading pressure to complete the material returning action. After the head of the steel bar expands in the forming cavity, the steel bar can be ejected by a large ejection force, the movable template 13 needs to maintain the position unchanged when bearing the ejection force, so as to avoid the movable template 13 moving forward to cause the first wedge clamping die 11 and the second wedge clamping die 12 to clamp the steel bar, therefore, by adopting the technical scheme of the ejection material, a limiting mechanism (not shown in the figure) for limiting the axial movement of the movable template 13 needs to be arranged, for example, a movable stop block is arranged between the fixed template 8 and the movable template 13, the ejection force is borne by the stop block and the movable template 13 is prevented from moving, or a clamping power device is started to offset the ejection force to prevent the movable template 13 from moving. And after the material ejecting action is finished, the reinforcing steel bar is taken out from the clamping cavity. Also, in order to achieve automation of the head upsetting process and improve the machining accuracy, a displacement sensor for measuring the moving die plate 13 and the upset head 4 and a pressure sensor of an upsetting power device may be selectively installed on the frame and controlled by the controller, and a controllable and accurate upset diameter and section effect may be obtained by adjusting the initial and end positions of the moving die plate 13 and the upset head 4 and the upsetting pressure. The above automatic technical solutions can be realized by conventional techniques, and are not described in detail.

While the foregoing disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the disclosure will include all embodiments falling within its scope. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims (4)

1. The steel bar upsetting machine is characterized in that: a clamping die is arranged on the frame, and the clamping die is provided with a clamping cavity capable of being opened and closed and used for clamping and fixing the reinforcing steel bars; the upsetting die is arranged on the frame, is provided with a forming cavity of a fixed closed cavity structure and is used for upsetting and forming the head of the steel bar, and the forming cavity can bear the opening force caused by upsetting deformation of the head of the steel bar without cavity deformation; the central line of the clamping cavity and the central line of the molding cavity are positioned on the same axis; an upsetting power device is arranged on the frame and is provided with a piston moving towards the head of the steel bar and used for providing axial upsetting force for upsetting forming of the head of the steel bar.

2. The upsetting machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: the clamping cavity is formed by modular structural components and can be matched with a steel bar for dismounting and replacing; the molding cavity is formed by modular structure components and can be matched with the reinforcing steel bars for disassembly and replacement.

3. The upsetting machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: the upsetting power device is a hydraulic control system and comprises an oil cylinder, the piston is mounted on the oil cylinder, an upsetting head is mounted on the piston, and the upsetting head can be matched with the steel bars to be disassembled and replaced.

4. The upsetting machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: and a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor which are used for measuring the clamping die, the upsetting die and the upsetting power device are arranged on the frame and are jointly controlled by a controller so as to realize the automatic operation of the upsetting process of the head of the steel bar.

Images